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期末专项培优 语法填空
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Cholera used to be one of the most （1）　 　（fear）diseases in the world.It caused severe diarrhoea，dehydration and （2）　 　（die）.In the early 19th century，（3）　 　an outbreak of cholera hit Europe，millions of people died （4）　 　the disease.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how （5）　 　（prevent）or treat cholera.（6）　 　general，doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.Snow subscribed （7）　 　the second theory.Snow began by marking on a map the exact places （8）　 　all those who died had lived.He suspected （9）　 　the water pump was to blame.Through this intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks.We now know how to prevent cholera，thanks （10）　 　the work of John Snow.So Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
2． After a quiz last autumn，Kuang crossed the continent eastward to Toronto to visit his good schoolmate，the distance （1）　 　（measure） approximately 5，000 kilometers.
His train started from Vancouver，a city （2）　 　（surround） by mountains.After confirming his baggage was aboard the train，Kuang settled down in his seat.Having （3）　 　gift for communication，he （4）　 　（start） chatting with another passenger within 5 minutes.Their （5）　 　（topic） included the Canadian traditions，the Prime Minister，the mixture of races，（6）　 　the terrifying Great Fall.After a nice buffet at noon，he was pleased （7）　 　（find） that the scenery was impressive.He saw beautiful harbours in the distance，（8）　 　（wealth） urban areas and maple forest that covered thousands of acres.He even managed to catch sight of an eagle flying upward over bushes.
Kuang reached Toronto which lies （9）　 　（slight） near the border at a misty dawn.There was frost and the broad downtown streets were very quiet.Though it was early，Kuang phoned（10）　 　（he） schoolmate in a booth nearby at once rather than waiting for him to come.They had a good time together.
3．Xie Lei，a 19﹣year﹣old Chinese student，said goodbye to her family and friends in China and （1）　 　（board）a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification.It was the first time that she （2）　 　（leave） China and she found it she had to adapt to the new life，
which took up all her（3）　 　（concentrate） in the beginning.（4）　 　some foreign students live in campus accommodation，Xie Lei boards with a host family who can help with her （5）　 　（adapt） to the new culture.
Studying in England is quite different from （6）　 　in China，（7）　 　her preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic （8）　 　（require） of a Western university.
Her tutor also told she must acknowledge（9）　 　other people had said if she cited their ideas.Now halfway through her exchange year，Xie Lei feel （10）　 　more at home in the UK.
4． The gesture"OK"has different meanings in the US and France.Once when （1）　 　（ask） by a hotel manager in France if he was （2）　 　（satisfy） with the service，an American businessman was （3）　 　（please） and gave the"OK" gesture with his thumb and index finger forming an"o".However，the manager was very worried.（4）　 　（confuse） by the unusual reaction of the manager，the American businessman asked why.The manager said that the"OK" gesture meant that the service in his hotel was"zero"—worthless.（5）　 　（hear） his explanation，the American businessman was（6）　 　（surprise），because the"OK" gesture means"good"in the US.
5．（2021 江西模拟）Millions of people（1）　 　（stick） in cities around China during the New Year holiday，as coronavirus restrictions put（2）　 　end to a travel season that is usually the world's greatest annual migration.Instead，they were going to the movies ﹣ and powering a grand return at the box office.
"Detective Chinatown 3，" the latest in a buddy cop series（警察搭档系列），made an（3）　 　（estimate）＄397 million over three days，according to Maoyan App，（4）　 　tracks ticket sales in the country.That set a world record for the（5）　 　（large） opening weekend in a single market.
The great success was a strong（6）　 　（remind） of the power of the Chinese consumers.Now people are ready to spend，even（7）　 　 a movie that has received bad reviews.
The New Year holiday is always a good time for film releases，and moviegoers have a more various selection to choose from（8）　 　 in past ing in second place over the weekend was "Hi，Mom，" a time﹣travel comedy that earned ＄161.9 million. "A Writer's Odyssey，" an adventure film，took（9）　 　（three） place，with ＄48.4 million.
Quality aside，China's booming box office returns offered a（10）　 　（promise） sign for the global film industry，which has seen movie theaters large and small destroyed by the pandemic.
6．As the largest organ of our body，our skin consists of three layers to protect us（1）　 　disease，poisons and the sun's harmful （2）　 　（ray）.Our skin's functions are very complex.If it gets burnt，it can be very serious.
We can get burnt by a （3）　 　（various）of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.There are three types of burns.They（4）　 　（call）first，second or third﹣degree burns，depending on which layers of the skin are burnt.Different degree burns have（5）　 　（they） own characteristics.
Here（6）　 　（be） some first﹣aid treatments for burns.Remove clothing and jewellery near（7）　 　burn.Cool burns immediately with cool running water.Use different methods（8）　 　（treat）different types of burns.Dry the burnt area （9）　 　（gentle）.Cover the burnt area with a dry，clean bandage.If the injuries are second or third﹣degree burns，it's important（10）　 　the victim should be sent to the doctor or hospital immediately.
7．（2020 台州模拟）"Be true to yourself" is a（1）　 　（common） used saying encouraging individuals to make decisions according to their own beliefs．However，one should always take into （2）　 　（consider） the thoughts and opinions of others，because（3）　 　outsider can often see the situation from a different point of view，（4）　 　（offer） a different way of going about the problem．John F．Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis sought the advice of others（5）　 　how to handle the situation and ended up making the right decisions．Lily from Edith Wharton's "House of Mirth" was（6）　 　（able） to listen to the advice of others and consequently made poor decisions．Asking for the opinions of others for personal or professional decisions（7）　 　（help） one avoid making the wrong decision．
Though it is important to remain true to（8）　 　each of us truly believes in，we are expected（9）　 　（keep） one ear open to objective opinions．Without the thoughts of others，we will find（10）　 　more difficult to see the weakness in our own arguments and without this self﹣reflection we can never grow．
8．What will most help you lead a long happy and healthy life？
Some cultures put more importance on work and money than others.Americans are thought to be addicted to（1）　 　（they） jobs and making money.They might feel the need （2）　 　（make） lots of money for education，medical care，houses and cars.For many of us，self﹣worth is linked to our（3）　 　（profession） success or failure.Many of us spend most of our lives working﹣sacrificing other（4）　 　（activity）.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School found that wealth，social position and an important job title do not（5）　 　（necessary） lead to health and happiness.
A professor at Harvard Medical School said，"The surprising finding is that our relationships and how happy we are in our relationships have a powerful influence （6）　 　 our health." It is not just romantic relationships，but the relationships we build and care for throughout the years with friends，family members and co﹣workers are important as well.
He （7）　 　（add），"Taking care of your body is important，but（8）　 　（tend） to your relationships is a form of self﹣care，too." Close relationships are（9）　 　 keep people happy throughout their lives﹣ not money or fame.These close relationships protect people from the difficult times that come with growing older and give people（10）　 　better chance of having a happy life.
9．（2018春 城关区校级期末）The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential （典型的）than taking afternoon tea．We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea， （1）　 　 more than 160 million cups drunk every day，but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea﹣drinking into （2）　 　 popular pastime．
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea （3）　 　 （comfort） while nibbling （小口吃） on nice sandwiches，scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes．And，of course，it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea，which （4）　 　 （design） as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner，dates back to the 1840s．It went on to become a（5）　 　 （fashion） social occasion for the upper classes．
Now there is a resurgence （复苏） in its （6）　 　（popular） in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it．（7）　 　 it can be enjoyed at home，the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café．But if you're thinking of visiting such a place （8）　 　（enjoy） a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew，remember the rules you must follow to avoid （9）　 　（ask） to leave．
Writer Henry James once noted that "there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea"．I'm sure once you try it，you （10）　 　 （agree）．
10．It was announced that China had achieved success in drilling combustible ice（可燃冰），a frozen（1）　 　（mix）of water and natural gas，from the South China Sea.（2）　 　（official） known as methane hydrates（甲烷水合物），combustible ice produces a high amount of energy when burnt and its chemical reaction produces nothing but dioxide and water.
Combustible ice，both clean and energy﹣intensive，（3）　 　（consider）the fuel of the future.Many countries，including the United States and Japan，（4）　 　（conduct） research on combustible ice，but extracting（提取）it from the bottom of the sea has been a common problem（5）　 　（trouble）all of them.But the Chinese team succeeded in drilling combustible ice for nearly eight days，（6）　 　was a big breakthrough.
However，it is too early （7）　 　（say）a new energy source has been found.The world's total combustible ice reserves range from 280 trillion cubic meters to 2，800 trillion cubic meters，which，if extracted，could meet the world's gas demands （8）　 　80 to 800 years at current rates.But the successful test drilling of combustible ice does not mean it can be extracted for（9）　 　 （industry） use.China has to solve many problems before it can use combustible ice as a source of energy.It's thought that only by 2025 at （10）　 　 earliest might people be able to see realistic commercial values.
11．用一个适当的单词或所给单词的适当形式填空。
Chinese tourists associate the UK（1）　 　"museums"，and appreciate the"romance"of the country，according to VisitBritin.（2）　 　many Chinese go to visit the UK，they are more likely to stay （3）　 　（long） than a week there，with the average holiday （4）　 　（last）10 days and each tourist spending an average of ＄2，688.Chinese tourism is worth nearly＄500 million to the UK.London is the main target for Chinese tourists，with more than 40 per cent visiting the capital.（5）　 　，Scotland is also popular，with more Chinese travelling north than average among UK tourists.A VisitScotland report last year （6）　 　（find） that Edinburgh was one of the top five （7）　 　（locate）for the Chinese，along with Manchester，Oxford，Cambridge and London.So great is China's fondness for London's more famous landmarks（8）　 　a popular theme park in Shenzhen was built.It is called Window of the World，（9）　 　features more than 100 scaled﹣down replicas（缩小版的复制品） of tourist attractions，（10）　 　（include） Westminster，Bucking﹣ham Palace，Tower Bridge and Stonehenge.
12．One day，we made（1）　 　short hike to observe Tibetan antelopes.On the way，we saw the mountains（2）　 　（cover） with snow and some graceful animals.When（3）　 　（watch）some antelopes moving slowly across the green grass，I was struck by their（4）　 　（beautiful）.But I was also（5）　 　（remind） of their danger because of（6）　 　（legal） hunting.In the1980 sand1990s，the population of antiques dropped（7）　 　more than 50%.Thanks to the Chinese government's protection（8）　 　（measure），the antelope population has recovered.since 2015.However，the government didn't stop the protection programmes.Only when we learn（9）　 　（exist） in harmony with nature（10）　 　we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
13．Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a trip across Canada.Rather than （1）　 　（take） the commercial airline all the way，they would cross Canada by train after （2）　 　（arrive） in Vancouver by air.
Before starting out，they spent a couple of days in Vancouver （3）　 　（see） the sights.The next morning，the two girls （4）　 　（arise） early to take the train to Lake Louise，（5）　 　（pass） through the Canadian Rockies.Then they took （6）　 　coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper，（7）　 　they saw spectacular mountain peaks，forests，and many different creatures，（8）　 　（include） deer，mountain goats，and even a grizzly bear and （9）　 　eagle.
From Jasper，they caught the train towards Toronto.It was not until 9：30 a.m.（10）　 　they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
14． After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto，the largest and （1）　 　（wealthy） city in Canada，they went on （2）　 　tour of the city.（3）　 　（see） in the distance，misty clouds were rising from the great Niagara Falls，（4）　 　made them astonished.Then at a restaurant （5）　 　downtown Chinatown，they met Lin Fei，who （6）　 　（move） to Canada many years earlier.The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning.At the station，they heard people （7）　 　（talk） in French.They were surprised （8）　 　（see） that many people spoke English with an accent.They met Jean﹣Philippe，a （9）　 　（photograph）.That night the train was speeding.The cousins dreamt （10）　 　（happy） of the beautiful scenery of Montreal.
15． Last summer，my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto.We didn't book a hotel room as it was at the beginning of September and we thought it（1）　 　（be） easy for us to find a hotel.
We（2）　 　（drive） for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming.We got lost and both were （3）　 　（exhaust） when I saw an old lady parking her car.I stopped and asked if she knew a hotel nearby.She said there was a hotel down the road，（4）　 　it would have been closed.The lovely old lady looked at me﹣I must have had a（5）　 　（real） anxious look on my face，and said，"Why don't you girls just stay the night at（6）　 　（I） house？I'll cook for you."
We ended up （7）　 　（go） to a little island in Lake Muskoka，where her husband was just working on his boat.We slept in（8）　 　comfortable beds they built for their kids and grandchildren，and they cooked for us.We stayed at their house for three nights （9）　 　all and also met their friends.Those days were the（10）　 　（good） part of our three﹣week trip!We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady.
期末专项培优 语法填空
参考答案与试题解析
一．语法填空（共15小题）
1．Cholera used to be one of the most （1）　fearful　（fear）diseases in the world.It caused severe diarrhoea，dehydration and （2）　death　（die）.In the early 19th century，（3）　when　an outbreak of cholera hit Europe，millions of people died （4）　from　the disease.As a young doctor，John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how （5）　to prevent　（prevent）or treat cholera.（6）　In　general，doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread.Snow subscribed （7）　to　the second theory.Snow began by marking on a map the exact places （8）　where　all those who died had lived.He suspected （9）　that　the water pump was to blame.Through this intervention，the disease was stopped in its tracks.We now know how to prevent cholera，thanks （10）　to　the work of John Snow.So Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
【答案】（1）fearful（2）death（3）when（4）from（5）to prevent（6）In（7）to（8）where（9）that（10）to
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了现代流行病学之父斯诺对预防霍乱所做的贡献。
【解答】（1）考查形容词。句意：霍乱曾经是世界上最可怕的疾病之一。空处用形容词作定语修饰名词diseases，fear的形容词是fearful。故填fearful。
（2）考查名词。句意：它导致严重腹泻、脱水和死亡。空处应填名词与diarrhoea，dehydration并列作宾语，die的名词是death，是不可数名词。故填death。
（3）考查状语从句。句意：19世纪初，欧洲爆发霍乱，数百万人死于这种疾病。根据句意可知用when表示"当……时候"。故填when。
（4）考查介词。句意：19世纪初，欧洲爆发霍乱，数百万人死于这种疾病。根据句意可知用动词短语die from表示"死于（某种原因，不包括疾病、过度悲伤等）"。故填from。
（5）考查不定式。句意：作为一名年轻的医生，约翰 斯诺因为没有人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱而感到沮丧。分析句子结构可知是疑问词how+不定式作宾语的结构。故填to prevent。
（6）考查介词。句意：一般来说，当时的医生有两种相互矛盾的理论来解释霍乱是如何传播的。根据句意可知用介词短语in general表示"一般来说"，首字母要大写。故填In。
（7）考查介词。句意：斯诺赞同第二种理论。根据句意可知用动词短语subscribe to表示"同意，赞同"。故填to。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：斯诺开始在地图上标出所有死者的确切居住地。分析句子结构可知句子中含有定语从句，形容词places在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故填where。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意：他怀疑水泵是罪魁祸首。分析句子结构可知空处含有宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，用that引导。故填that。
（10）考查介词。句意：多亏了约翰 斯诺的工作，我们现在知道了如何预防霍乱。根据句意可知用介词短语thanks to表示"多亏了"。故填to。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
2． After a quiz last autumn，Kuang crossed the continent eastward to Toronto to visit his good schoolmate，the distance （1）　measuring　（measure） approximately 5，000 kilometers.
His train started from Vancouver，a city （2）　surrounded　（surround） by mountains.After confirming his baggage was aboard the train，Kuang settled down in his seat.Having （3）　a　gift for communication，he （4）　started　（start） chatting with another passenger within 5 minutes.Their （5）　topics　（topic） included the Canadian traditions，the Prime Minister，the mixture of races，（6）　and　the terrifying Great Fall.After a nice buffet at noon，he was pleased （7）　to find　（find） that the scenery was impressive.He saw beautiful harbours in the distance，（8）　wealthy　（wealth） urban areas and maple forest that covered thousands of acres.He even managed to catch sight of an eagle flying upward over bushes.
Kuang reached Toronto which lies （9）　slightly　（slight） near the border at a misty dawn.There was frost and the broad downtown streets were very quiet.Though it was early，Kuang phoned（10）　his　（he） schoolmate in a booth nearby at once rather than waiting for him to come.They had a good time together.
【答案】（1）measuring（2）surrounded（3）a（4）started（5）topics（6）and（7）to find（8）wealthy（9）slightly（10）his
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了在去年秋天邝向东穿越大陆前往多伦多看望他的同学的所见所闻。
【解答】（1）考查现在分词。句意：在去年秋天的一次测验之后，邝向东穿越大陆前往多伦多看望他的同学，距离大约为5000公里。前后句子没有连接词，measure和它的逻辑主语the distance之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词构成独立主格结构，故填measuring。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：他乘坐的火车从四面环山的温哥华出发。surround和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填surrounded。
（3）考查冠词。句意：他有沟通的天赋，在5分钟内就和另一名乘客聊了起来。have a gift for"有……的天赋"，gift是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。
（4）考查动词时态。句意：他有沟通的天赋，在5分钟内就和另一名乘客聊了起来。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填started。
（5）考查可数名词的复数。句意：他们的话题包括加拿大的传统、总理、种族融合和可怕的大瀑布。根据后面的内容，可知表示不止一个，所以用名词复数，故填topics。
（6）考查连词。句意：他们的话题包括加拿大的传统、总理、种族融合和可怕的大瀑布。前后是并列关系，所以用and连接，故填and。
（7）考查动词不定式。句意：中午吃过一顿丰盛的自助餐后，他很高兴地发现那里的景色令人印象深刻。be pleased to do sth."很高兴做某事"，为固定搭配，故填to find。
（8）考查形容词。句意：他看到远处美丽的港口、富裕的城区和覆盖数千英亩的枫树林。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填wealthy。
（9）考查副词。句意：邝在一个雾蒙蒙的黎明到达了略靠近边境的多伦多。修饰介词短语，所以用副词，故填slightly。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：虽然时间还早，但邝没有等他来，而是马上给附近一个电话亭里的同学打了电话。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填his。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
3．Xie Lei，a 19﹣year﹣old Chinese student，said goodbye to her family and friends in China and （1）　boarded　（board）a plane for London six months ago in order to get a business qualification.It was the first time that she （2）　had left　（leave） China and she found it she had to adapt to the new life，
which took up all her（3）　concentration　（concentrate） in the beginning.（4）　Although/Though/While　some foreign students live in campus accommodation，Xie Lei boards with a host family who can help with her （5）　adaptation　（adapt） to the new culture.
Studying in England is quite different from （6）　that　in China，（7）　but　her preparation course is helping her to get used to the academic （8）　requirement　（require） of a Western university.
Her tutor also told she must acknowledge（9）　what　other people had said if she cited their ideas.Now halfway through her exchange year，Xie Lei feel （10）　much　more at home in the UK.
【答案】（1）boarded （2）had left （3）concentration（4）Although/Though/While（5）adaptation （6）that （7）but （8）requirement （9）what （10）much
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了留学生谢蕾在英国留学的经验以及感悟。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态。句意：19岁的谢蕾（音译）是一名中国学生，六个月前，她告别了在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的飞机，去考一个商业资格。ago常和一般过去时态连用，故填boarded。
（2）考动词时态查。句意：这是她第一次离开中国，她发现她必须适应新的生活，这在一开始占据了她所有的注意力。it was the first time that从句用过去完成时态，故填had left。
（3）考查不可数名词。句意：这是她第一次离开中国，她发现她必须适应新的生活，这在一开始占据了她所有的注意力。作宾语，所以用名词concentration"注意"，为不可数名词，故填concentration。
（4）考查连词。句意：尽管有些外国学生住在校园宿舍，但谢蕾（音译）寄宿在寄宿家庭，寄宿家庭可以帮助她适应新的文化。引导让步状语从句，表示"尽管"，所以用although，though或while，句首单词首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。
（5）考查不可数名词。句意：尽管有些外国学生住在校园宿舍，但谢蕾（音译）寄宿在寄宿家庭，寄宿家庭可以帮助她适应新的文化。作宾语，所以用名词adaptation"适应"，为不可数名词，故填adaptation。
（6）考查代词。句意：在英国学习与在中国学习有很大的不同，但是预科课程帮助她适应了西方大学的学术要求。指代studying，后面有自己的定语限定，所以用代词that，故填that。
（7）考查连词。句意：在英国学习与在中国学习有很大的不同，但是预科课程帮助她适应了西方大学的学术要求。前后是转折关系，所以用but连接，故填but。
（8）考查不可数名词。句意：在英国学习与在中国学习有很大的不同，但是预科课程帮助她适应了西方大学的学术要求。作宾语，所以用名词requirement"要求"，为不可数名词，故填requirement。
（9）考查宾语从句。句意：她的导师还告诉她，如果她引用别人的观点，就必须承认别人说过的话。引导宾语从句，在从句中作said的宾语，表示"……的话"，故填what。
（10）考查副词。句意：如今，交换生一年已经过去了一半，谢蕾感觉在英国更自在了。修饰比较级，所以用副词much，故填much。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
4． The gesture"OK"has different meanings in the US and France.Once when （1）　asked　（ask） by a hotel manager in France if he was （2）　satisfied　（satisfy） with the service，an American businessman was （3）　pleased　（please） and gave the"OK" gesture with his thumb and index finger forming an"o".However，the manager was very worried.（4）　Confused　（confuse） by the unusual reaction of the manager，the American businessman asked why.The manager said that the"OK" gesture meant that the service in his hotel was"zero"—worthless.（5）　Hearing　（hear） his explanation，the American businessman was（6）　surprised　（surprise），because the"OK" gesture means"good"in the US.
【答案】（1）asked （2）satisfied （3）pleased （4）Confused （5）Hearing （6）surprised
【分析】本文讲述了在交际活动中，同样的手势在不同国家有不同的意义。所以，在跨文化交际中，要注意这种差异。
【解答】（1）考查状语从句的省略。句意：曾经，当被一位法国大酒店经理问道，这里时间状语从句省略了（he was）。故填：asked。
（2）考查固定搭配。句意：他是否对酒店感到满意 be satisfied with（对......感到满意。）故填：satisfied。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：一位美国商人是高兴的 pleased：感到高兴的，在这里作表语。故填：pleased。
（4）考查过去分词。句意：这位美国商人被经理不同寻常的反应弄糊涂了，他问为什么。Confused 作状语，且 the American businessman 与 confuse 之间为被动关系。故填：Confused。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：听到他的解释，这位美国商人很惊讶。Hearing 作状语，且 the American businessman与 hear 之间是主动关系，故填：Hearing。
（6）考查过去分词。句意：听到他的解释，这位美国商人很惊讶。surprised：感到吃惊的，作表语。故填：surprised。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用。首先读懂短文大意，从词语搭配、固定句型、语法、时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文找出正确答案。
5．（2021 江西模拟）Millions of people（1）　were stuck　（stick） in cities around China during the New Year holiday，as coronavirus restrictions put（2）　an　end to a travel season that is usually the world's greatest annual migration.Instead，they were going to the movies ﹣ and powering a grand return at the box office.
"Detective Chinatown 3，" the latest in a buddy cop series（警察搭档系列），made an（3）　estimated　（estimate）＄397 million over three days，according to Maoyan App，（4）　which　tracks ticket sales in the country.That set a world record for the（5）　largest　（large） opening weekend in a single market.
The great success was a strong（6）　reminder　（remind） of the power of the Chinese consumers.Now people are ready to spend，even（7）　on　 a movie that has received bad reviews.
The New Year holiday is always a good time for film releases，and moviegoers have a more various selection to choose from（8）　than　 in past ing in second place over the weekend was "Hi，Mom，" a time﹣travel comedy that earned ＄161.9 million. "A Writer's Odyssey，" an adventure film，took（9）　third　（three） place，with ＄48.4 million.
Quality aside，China's booming box office returns offered a（10）　promising　（promise） sign for the global film industry，which has seen movie theaters large and small destroyed by the pandemic.
【答案】（1）were stuck （2）an （3）estimated （4）which （5）largest （6）reminder （7）on （8）than （9）third （10）promising
【分析】本文讲述在新年假期期间，因为冠状病毒的限制，数百万人被困在中国各地的城市，导致电影票房上获得了巨大的回报。
【解答】（1）were stuck.考查时态语态。句意：在新年假期期间，数百万人被困在中国各地的城市，因为冠状病毒的限制结束了通常是世界上最大的年度移民的旅游季节。根据固定搭配be stuck in被困在……，可知用被动语态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为复数名词，故填were stuck.
（2）an.考查冠词。句意：在新年假期期间，数百万人被困在中国各地的城市，因为冠状病毒的限制结束了通常是世界上最大的年度移民的旅游季节。put an end to结束，end是以元音音素开头的，故填an.
（3）estimated.考查过去分词。句意：据跟踪中国门票销售情况的Maoyan应用程序称，《唐人街探案3》（Detective Chinatown 3）是最新的一部警友小说，在三天内估计赚了3.97亿美元。作定语修饰名词，表示"被估计的"，所以用过去分词，故填estimated.
（4）which.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：据跟踪中国门票销售情况的Maoyan应用程序称，《唐人街探案3》（Detective Chinatown 3）是最新的一部警友小说，在三天内估计赚了3.97亿美元。先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which.
（5）largest.考查形容词最高级。句意：这创造了一个单一市场上最大的开盘周末的世界纪录。前面有the，后面有范围，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填largest.
（6）reminder.考查名词的数。句意：这个巨大的成功是中国消费者力量的有力地提醒。前面有不定冠词，所以用单数名词，故填reminder.
（7）on.考查介词。句意：现在人们已经准备好花钱了，即使是在一部受到不好评价的电影上。spend…on在……上花钱，为固定搭配，故填on.
（8）than.考查固定搭配。句意：元旦假期总是电影上映的好时机，与往年相比，观影者的选择更加多样化。前面有比较级，后面用than构成固定搭配，故填than.
（9）third.考查序数词。句意：上周末排在第二位的是《你好，李焕英》，一部时差喜剧，收入1.619亿美元《刺杀小说家》以4840万美元名列第三。后面为单数名词，所以用序数词，故填third.
（10）promising.考查形容词。句意：撇开质量不谈，中国蓬勃发展的票房回报率为全球电影业提供了一个有希望的信号，全球电影业已经看到大大小小的电影院都被这种流行病摧毁了。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故填promising.
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
6．As the largest organ of our body，our skin consists of three layers to protect us（1）　from/against　disease，poisons and the sun's harmful （2）　rays　（ray）.Our skin's functions are very complex.If it gets burnt，it can be very serious.
We can get burnt by a （3）　variety　（various）of things：hot liquids，steam，fire，radiation，the sun，electricity or chemicals.There are three types of burns.They（4）　are called　（call）first，second or third﹣degree burns，depending on which layers of the skin are burnt.Different degree burns have（5）　their　（they） own characteristics.
Here（6）　are　（be） some first﹣aid treatments for burns.Remove clothing and jewellery near（7）　the　burn.Cool burns immediately with cool running water.Use different methods（8）　to treat　（treat）different types of burns.Dry the burnt area （9）　gently　（gentle）.Cover the burnt area with a dry，clean bandage.If the injuries are second or third﹣degree burns，it's important（10）　that　the victim should be sent to the doctor or hospital immediately.
【答案】（1）from/against　（2）rays　（3）variety（4）are called　（5）their　（6）are　（7）the　（8）to treat （9）gently　 （10）that
【分析】本文主要写了如果皮肤烧伤，我们应该如何进行急救。
【解答】（1）from/against.考查介词。句意：我们的皮肤由三层组成，以保护我们免受疾病、毒素和太阳有害射线的伤害。protect...from/against是固定短语"保护......免遭伤害"，故填from/against。
（2）rays.考查名词。句意：我们的皮肤由三层组成，以保护我们免受疾病、毒素和太阳有害射线的伤害。ray是可数名词"射线"，此处应该用复数形式表示，名词的类别，故填rays。
（3）variety.考查名词。句意：我们会被各种各样的东西灼伤。a variety of是固定短语"各种各样的"，故填variety。
（4）are called.考查被动语态。句意：它们被称为一级、二级或三级烧伤。根据前文There are three types of burns.可知本句中的they指的是烧伤，与call之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，本文的叙述是一般现在时，故填are called。
（5）their.考查代词。句意：不同程度烧伤各有特点。本句的主语是burns，根据句意可知此处用形容词词性物主代词their own"他们自己的"。故填their。
（6）are.考查主谓一致。句意：这里有一些烧伤的急救方法。本句是倒装句，根据本句的主语treatments可知本句的谓语动词应该用复数形式，故填are。
（7）the.考查。句意冠词：脱掉烧伤处附近的衣服和珠宝。这里是特指伤处的衣服和珠宝，应该是特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
（8）to treat.考查不定式。句意：使用不同的方法治疗不同类型的烧伤。此空是动词不定式做目的状语，故填to treat。
（9）gently.考查。句意：轻轻擦干烧伤部位。分析句子可知此处是用副词修饰动词dry，gently是副词"轻轻地，温和地"。故填gently。
（10）that.考查主语从句。句意：重要的是，应立即将受害者送往医生或医院。本句中后文从句是主语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分，用that引导，it是形式主语。故填that。
【点评】语法填空题是考查学生的语言运用能力。解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，灵活运用语法知识，如词性，时态，名词单复数，连接词，代词，冠词等判断空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
7．（2020 台州模拟）"Be true to yourself" is a（1）　commonly　（common） used saying encouraging individuals to make decisions according to their own beliefs．However，one should always take into （2）　consideration　（consider） the thoughts and opinions of others，because（3）　an　outsider can often see the situation from a different point of view，（4）　offering　（offer） a different way of going about the problem．John F．Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis sought the advice of others（5）　about　how to handle the situation and ended up making the right decisions．Lily from Edith Wharton's "House of Mirth" was（6）　unable　（able） to listen to the advice of others and consequently made poor decisions．Asking for the opinions of others for personal or professional decisions（7）　helps/will help　（help） one avoid making the wrong decision．
Though it is important to remain true to（8）　what　each of us truly believes in，we are expected（9）　to keep　（keep） one ear open to objective opinions．Without the thoughts of others，we will find（10）　it　more difficult to see the weakness in our own arguments and without this self﹣reflection we can never grow．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述尽管保持我们真正信仰的东西是很重要的，但是我们应该听取别人的意见，保持开放．否则我们就永远无法成长．
【解答】（1）commonly．考查副词．修饰动词，所以用副词，故填commonly．
（2）consideration．考查名词．take sth into consideration把…考虑在内，为固定搭配，故填consideration．
（3）an．考查冠词．句意为：但是，一个人应该总是考虑到别人的想法和意见，因为局外人常常可以从不同的角度看问题，提出不同的解决问题的方法．此处可数名词outsider表泛指，且其发音以元音音素开头，故要用不定冠词an，故填an．
（4）offering．考查现在分词．句意为：但是，一个人应该总是考虑到别人的想法和意见，因为局外人常常可以从不同的角度看问题，提出不同的解决问题的方法．offer和句子主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词做状语，故填offering．
（5）about．考查介词．表示"关于…的建议"，所以用介词on．故填on．
（6）unable．考查形容词．句意为：来自伊迪丝 沃顿"欢乐之家"的莉莉无法听取别人的建议，因此做出了糟糕的决定．表示"不能的"，所以用形容词unable．故填unable．
（7）helps/will help．考查动词．句意为：为个人或专业的决定征求他人的意见，以帮助一个人避免做出错误的决定．这里作谓语动词，主语是动名词，可用一般现在时或一般将来时，故填helps/will help．
（8）what．考查宾语从句的连接词．句意为：尽管保持对我们每个人真正信仰的东西的忠诚很重要．表示"…的东西"，做宾语，故填what．
（9）to keep．考查不定式．be expected to do sth被期望做某事，故填to keep．
（10）it．考查it的用法．不定式作真正宾语，后面有宾补，所以用it做形式宾语．故选it．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
8．What will most help you lead a long happy and healthy life？
Some cultures put more importance on work and money than others.Americans are thought to be addicted to（1）　their　（they） jobs and making money.They might feel the need （2）　to make　（make） lots of money for education，medical care，houses and cars.For many of us，self﹣worth is linked to our（3）　professional　（profession） success or failure.Many of us spend most of our lives working﹣sacrificing other（4）　activities　（activity）.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School found that wealth，social position and an important job title do not（5）　necessarily　（necessary） lead to health and happiness.
A professor at Harvard Medical School said，"The surprising finding is that our relationships and how happy we are in our relationships have a powerful influence （6）　on　 our health." It is not just romantic relationships，but the relationships we build and care for throughout the years with friends，family members and co﹣workers are important as well.
He （7）　added　（add），"Taking care of your body is important，but（8）　tending　（tend） to your relationships is a form of self﹣care，too." Close relationships are（9）　what　 keep people happy throughout their lives﹣ not money or fame.These close relationships protect people from the difficult times that come with growing older and give people（10）　a　better chance of having a happy life.
【答案】（1）their（2）to make（3）professional（4）activities（5）necessarily（6）on（7）added（8）tending（9）what（10）a
【分析】本文为说明文，主要讲述人际关系在生活中影响。
【解答】（1）their.考查形容词性物主代词。句意：美国人被认为沉迷于工作和赚钱。分析句子可知，该空修饰名词job，故用形容词性物主代词，故填their。
（2）to make.考查动词不定式。句意：他们可能会觉得需要为教育、医疗、住房和汽车赚很多钱。分析句子可知，该空作need的定语，需要用动词不定式作need的定语，故填to make。
（3）professional.考查形容词。句意：对我们许多人来说，自我价值感与我们的职业成败息息相关。分析句子可知，该空修饰名词success or failure，形容词修饰名词，故填professional。
（4）activities.考查名词。句意：我们中的许多人一生大部分时间都在工作，牺牲其他活动。activity为可数名词，前有other修饰，用名词的复数形式，故填activities。
（5）necessarily.考查副词。句意：哈佛医学院的研究人员发现，财富、社会地位和一个重要的头衔并不一定能带来健康和幸福。分析句子可知，该空修饰动词lead ，副词修饰动词，故填necessarily。
（6）on.考查介词。句意：令人惊讶的发现是，我们的关系以及我们在关系中的状态对我们的健康有着强大的影响。固定搭配have an influence on表示"对...有影响"符合语境，故填on。
（7）added.考查动词时态。句意：他补充说："照顾好我们的身体很重要，但照顾好你的人际关系也是一种自我照顾。"此处与前文said相对应，在描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填added。
（8）tending.考查动名词。句意：他补充说："照顾好我们的身体很重要，但照顾好你的人际关系也是一种自我照顾。"分析句子可知，该空作主语，动名词作主语，故填tending。
（9）what.考查表语从句。句意：亲密的关系是人们一生幸福的源泉，而不是金钱或名誉。分析句子可知，该空引导表语从句，在从句中作主语，表示"让人们一生幸福的事情"，故填what。
（10）a.考查冠词。句意：这些亲密的关系保护人们不受随着年龄增长而来的困难时期的影响，并使人们在拥有幸福生活方面有更好的改变。change为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处表示泛指"一种更好的改变"，故用不定冠词，better为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
9．（2018春 城关区校级期末）The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential （典型的）than taking afternoon tea．We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea， （1）　with　 more than 160 million cups drunk every day，but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea﹣drinking into （2）　a　 popular pastime．
This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea （3）　comfortably　 （comfort） while nibbling （小口吃） on nice sandwiches，scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes．And，of course，it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea，which （4）　was designed　 （design） as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner，dates back to the 1840s．It went on to become a（5）　fashionable　 （fashion） social occasion for the upper classes．
Now there is a resurgence （复苏） in its （6）　popularity　（popular） in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it．（7）　Though/Although　 it can be enjoyed at home，the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café．But if you're thinking of visiting such a place （8）　to enjoy　（enjoy） a plate of sweet and savory treats with a steaming hot brew，remember the rules you must follow to avoid （9）　being asked　（ask） to leave．
Writer Henry James once noted that "there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour dedicated to the ceremony known as afternoon tea"．I'm sure once you try it，you （10）　will agree　 （agree）．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要介绍英国下午茶的历史及如何喝下午茶．现在，下午茶在英国得到了复苏，任何喝得起的人都可以喝下午茶．
【解答】1．with，考查介词，with表示"具有"，句意：我们知道英国人喜欢喝茶，每天喝超过1.6亿杯．故填with．
2．a，考查不定冠词，泛指用不定冠词，句意：但是下午茶的发明使茶饮料成为一种流行的消遣方式．故填a．
3．comfortably，考查副词，修饰动词用副词，句意：这种社交盛宴包括舒服地喝高质量的茶．故填comfortably．
4．was designed，考查被动语态，design和which代替的先行词Afternoon tea之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，因事情已发生，要用一般过去时的被动语态．故填was designed．
5．fashionable，考查形容词，修饰名词所以用形容词，"对于上流社会它成为一种时尚的社交时刻"．故填fashionable．
6．popularity，考查名词，放在形容词性物主代词后面，用名词．故填popularity．
7．Although/Though/While，考查连词．尽管它也能在家里享受．用连词Although/Though/While．
8．to enjoy ，考查动词不定式．此处动词不定式作后置定语修饰place．故填to enjoy．
9．being asked ，考查动名词．avoid后接动词时用动名词形式，you与ask之间是动宾关系，用动名词的一般被动式．故填being asked．
10．will agree，考查时态，条件状语从句用一般现在时态，主句用一般将来时态，故填will agree．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
10．It was announced that China had achieved success in drilling combustible ice（可燃冰），a frozen（1）　mixture　（mix）of water and natural gas，from the South China Sea.（2）　Officially　（official） known as methane hydrates（甲烷水合物），combustible ice produces a high amount of energy when burnt and its chemical reaction produces nothing but dioxide and water.
Combustible ice，both clean and energy﹣intensive，（3）　is considered　（consider）the fuel of the future.Many countries，including the United States and Japan，（4）　have been conducting　（conduct） research on combustible ice，but extracting（提取）it from the bottom of the sea has been a common problem（5）　troubling　（trouble）all of them.But the Chinese team succeeded in drilling combustible ice for nearly eight days，（6）　which　was a big breakthrough.
However，it is too early （7）　to say　（say）a new energy source has been found.The world's total combustible ice reserves range from 280 trillion cubic meters to 2，800 trillion cubic meters，which，if extracted，could meet the world's gas demands （8）　for　80 to 800 years at current rates.But the successful test drilling of combustible ice does not mean it can be extracted for（9）　industrial　 （industry） use.China has to solve many problems before it can use combustible ice as a source of energy.It's thought that only by 2025 at （10）　the　 earliest might people be able to see realistic commercial values.
【答案】（1）mixture（2）Officially（3）is considered（4）have been conducting（5）troubling（6）which（7）to say（8）for（9）industrial（10）the
【分析】本文为说明文，主要介绍了中国在钻探海底可燃冰方面取得了重大突破。
【解答】（1）mixture.考查名词。句意：有消息称，中国在南中国海钻探可燃冰（一种水和天然气的冰冻混合物）取得了成功。分析句子可知，该空作combustible ice的同位语，名词作同位语，故填mixture.
（2）Officially.考查副词。句意：正式名称为甲烷水合物，可燃冰燃烧时产生大量能量，其化学反应只产生二氧化碳和水。分析句子可知，该空修饰动词known，副词修饰动词，置于句首，首字母大写，故填Official.
（3）is considered.考查动词语态。句意：可燃冰，既清洁又能源密集，被认为是未来的燃料。分析句子可知，该空作句子的谓语动词，结合句意，在讲述可燃冰的现状，句子用一般现在时，主语Combustible ice与consider之间是被动关系，且主语为不可数名词，故填is considered.
（4）have been conducting.考查动词时态及语态。句意：包括美国和日本在内的许多国家一直在进行可燃冰的研究，但从海底提取可燃冰一直是困扰所有国家的共同问题。结合句意及后文has been可知，句子用现在完成进行时，主语为Many countries与conduct为主动关系，且主语为复数形式，故填have been conducting.
（5）troubling.考查现在分词。句意：包括美国和日本在内的许多国家一直在进行可燃冰的研究，但从海底提取可燃冰一直是困扰所有国家的共同问题。分析句子可知，该空为非谓语动词作后置定语，problem与trouble之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填troubling.
（6）which.考查定语从句。句意：但中国队成功钻探可燃冰近8天，取得了很大突破。分析句子可知，该空引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文一整件事情，且该空在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which，故填which.
（7）to say.考查动词不定式。句意：然而，现在说新能源已经找到还为时过早。固定句式it is+形容词+to do表示"做某事..."，其中it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式，故填to say.
（8）for.考查介词。句意：世界可燃冰总储量从2.8万亿立方米到2.8万亿立方米不等，如果开采出来，按目前的速度，可以满足世界80年到800年的天然气需求。结合句意，该空表示"对于...的需求"，介词for表示"对于..."，故填for.
（9）industrial.考查形容词。句意：但对可燃冰的成功试钻并不意味着它可以提取用于工业用途。分析句子可知，该空修饰名词use，形容词修饰名词，故填industrial.
（10）the.考查冠词。句意：人们认为，最早只有到2025年，人们才能看到现实的商业价值。该空后有形容词最高级earliest，前需要定冠词，故填the.
【点评】本题主要考查名词、副词、动词时态及语态、现在分词、定语从句、动词不定式、介词、形容词、冠词等。需要学生在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识，填写出正确的单词形式。
11．用一个适当的单词或所给单词的适当形式填空。
Chinese tourists associate the UK（1）　with　"museums"，and appreciate the"romance"of the country，according to VisitBritin.（2）　When　many Chinese go to visit the UK，they are more likely to stay （3）　longer　（long） than a week there，with the average holiday （4）　lasting　（last）10 days and each tourist spending an average of ＄2，688.Chinese tourism is worth nearly＄500 million to the UK.London is the main target for Chinese tourists，with more than 40 per cent visiting the capital.（5）　However　，Scotland is also popular，with more Chinese travelling north than average among UK tourists.A VisitScotland report last year （6）　found　（find） that Edinburgh was one of the top five （7）　locations　（locate）for the Chinese，along with Manchester，Oxford，Cambridge and London.So great is China's fondness for London's more famous landmarks（8）　that　a popular theme park in Shenzhen was built.It is called Window of the World，（9）　which　features more than 100 scaled﹣down replicas（缩小版的复制品） of tourist attractions，（10）　including　（include） Westminster，Bucking﹣ham Palace，Tower Bridge and Stonehenge.
【答案】（1）with（2）When（3）longer（4）lasting（5）However（6）found（7）locations（8）that（9）which（10）including
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了中国游客在英国的旅行情况，如停留时间，平均花费，地点的偏好等。
【解答】（1）考查介词。句意：中国游客将英国和"博物馆"关联在一起。associate sth.with sth."将某物与某物联系在一起"，是固定搭配。故填with。
（2）考查连词。句意：当许多中国人去英国旅游时，他们在那里停留的时间更有可能超过一周，平均假期持续10天，每位游客平均消费2688美元。根据句意，要用连词when引导时间状语从句，意为"当……时候"，句首单词首字母大写。故填When。
（3）考查形容词比较级。句意：当许多中国人去英国旅游时，他们在那里停留的时间更有可能超过一周，平均假期持续10天，每位游客平均消费2688美元。根据句中than要用形容词比较级。故填longer。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：当许多中国人去英国旅游时，他们在那里停留的时间更有可能超过一周，平均假期持续10天，每位游客平均消费2688美元。此处是"with+宾语+宾语补足语"复合结构，holiday与last是主动关系，用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填lasting。
（5）考查副词。句意：然而，苏格兰也很受欢迎，前往苏格兰的中国游客数量超过了英国游客的平均水平。该空为副词，修饰后面整个句子，前句讲到with more than 40 percent visiting the capital（超过40%会参观首都），空格后讲到Scotland is also popular（苏格兰也是受欢迎的），可知是转折关系，用副词however，首字母大写。故填However。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：苏格兰旅游局去年的一份报告发现，爱丁堡与曼彻斯特、牛津、剑桥和伦敦一起，是中国人最喜欢的五大旅游目的地之一。根据句中时间状语last year可知，要用一般过去时。故填found。
（7）考查可数名词复数。句意：苏格兰旅游局去年的一份报告发现，爱丁堡与曼彻斯特、牛津、剑桥和伦敦一起，是中国人最喜欢的五大旅游目的地之一。one of意为"……之一"，后接可数名词复数形式。故填locations。
（8）考查固定句型。句意：中国对伦敦的比较著名的地标如此地喜爱，以至于在深圳建了一个流行主题公园。该句是倒装句，so...that...表示"如此……以至于……"，该句将so great提前。故填that。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：它被称为"世界之窗"，里面有100多个按比例缩小的旅游景点复制品，包括威斯敏斯特宫、白金汉宫、塔桥和巨石阵。先行词Window of the World在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
（10）考查介词。句意：它被称为"世界之窗"，里面有100多个按比例缩小的旅游景点复制品，包括威斯敏斯特宫、白金汉宫、塔桥和巨石阵。该句谓语是is called，空格处应为介词including，意为"包括"。故填including。
【点评】在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。要做好语法填空题，理解短文是解题的前提，扎实的词汇、句型和语法知识是基础，英语国家的背景知识是必要的补充。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。答完后，还要通读全文，核对所填单词形式是否正确，是否符合语境。
12．One day，we made（1）　a　short hike to observe Tibetan antelopes.On the way，we saw the mountains（2）　covered　（cover） with snow and some graceful animals.When（3）　watching　（watch）some antelopes moving slowly across the green grass，I was struck by their（4）　beauty　（beautiful）.But I was also（5）　reminded　（remind） of their danger because of（6）　illegal　（legal） hunting.In the1980 sand1990s，the population of antiques dropped（7）　by　more than 50%.Thanks to the Chinese government's protection（8）　measures　（measure），the antelope population has recovered.since 2015.However，the government didn't stop the protection programmes.Only when we learn（9）　to exist　（exist） in harmony with nature（10）　can　we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our planet.
【答案】（1）a（2）covered（3）watching（4）beauty（5）reminded（6）illegal（7）by（8）measures（9）to exist（10）can
【分析】本文为记叙文，主要讲述了作者进行了一次短途徒步旅行，观察藏羚羊。
【解答】（1）考查冠词。句意：有一天，我们进行了一次短途徒步旅行，观察藏羚羊。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，short为辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
（2）考查过去分词。句意：在路上，我们看到了白雪覆盖的群山和一些优雅的动物。句中已有谓语动词saw，此处为非谓语动词作定语，the mountains与cover之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故填covered。
（3）考查省略句。句意：当我看到一些羚羊在绿草上慢慢移动时，我被它们的美丽所打动。此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语I与be动词，I与watch之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，故填watching。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：当我看到一些羚羊在绿草上慢慢移动时，我被它们的美丽所打动。结合句意和their可知，此处用名词形式，表示"美丽"，为不可数名词，故填beauty。
（5）考查动词语态。句意：但我也被提醒因为非法狩猎他们很危险。结合句意可知，主语I与remind之间是被动关系，且空前有was，故填reminded。
（6）考查形容词。句意：但我也被提醒因为非法狩猎他们很危险。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词hunting，且表示"非法的"，故填illegal。
（7）考查介词。句意：在1980和1990年代，藏羚羊的数量下降了50%以上。drop by表示"下降了"，符合句意，故填by。
（8）考查可数名词的复数。句意：由于中国政府的保护措施，自2015年以来，羚羊的数量已经恢复。结合句意可知，此处用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填measures。
（9）考查动词不定式。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。learn to do表示"学会做某事"，故填to exist。
（10）考查倒装句。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物和地球的威胁。句子only+时间状语位于句首，主句用部分倒装，情态动词can表示"能够"应位于主语前面，故填can。
【点评】语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
13．Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a trip across Canada.Rather than （1）　take　（take） the commercial airline all the way，they would cross Canada by train after （2）　arriving　（arrive） in Vancouver by air.
Before starting out，they spent a couple of days in Vancouver （3）　seeing　（see） the sights.The next morning，the two girls （4）　arose　（arise） early to take the train to Lake Louise，（5）　passing　（pass） through the Canadian Rockies.Then they took （6）　a　coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper，（7）　where　they saw spectacular mountain peaks，forests，and many different creatures，（8）　including　（include） deer，mountain goats，and even a grizzly bear and （9）　an　eagle.
From Jasper，they caught the train towards Toronto.It was not until 9：30 a.m.（10）　that　they finally reached the capital of Ontario，Toronto.
【答案】（1）take（2）arriving（3）seeing（4）arose（5）passing（6）a（7）where（8）including（9）an（10）that
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Li Daiyu和Liu Qian在加拿大旅游的相关情况。
【解答】（1）考查固定搭配。句意：他们不会一路坐飞机，而是乘飞机抵达温哥华后，乘火车穿越加拿大。would do sth.rather than do sth."宁愿做某事而不愿意做某事"，为固定搭配，故填take。
（2）考查动名词。句意：他们不会一路坐飞机，而是乘飞机抵达温哥华后，乘火车穿越加拿大。作介词的宾语，所以用动名词，故填arriving。
（3）考查动名词。句意：出发前，他们在温哥华花了几天时间观光。spend time（in）doing sth."花费时间做某事"为固定搭配，故填seeing。
（4）考查动词时态。句意：第二天早上，两个女孩起得很早，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大的落基山脉。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填arose。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：第二天早上，两个女孩起得很早，坐火车去路易斯湖，途经加拿大的落基山脉。pass和主语之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语，故填passing。
（6）考查冠词。句意：然后，他们乘长途汽车向北行驶，穿过加拿大落基山脉来到贾斯珀。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a。
（7）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：然后，他们乘长途汽车向北行驶，穿过加拿大落基山脉来到贾斯珀。在那里，他们看到了壮观的山峰、森林和许多不同的动物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至还有一只灰熊和一只鹰。先行词为地点名词，在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（8）考查介词。句意：在那里，他们看到了壮观的山峰、森林和许多不同的动物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至还有一只灰熊和一只鹰。后跟名词作宾语，不作谓语，所以用介词，故填including。
（9）考查冠词。句意：在那里，他们看到了壮观的山峰、森林和许多不同的动物，包括鹿、山羊，甚至还有一只灰熊和一只鹰。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，eagle是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（10）考查强调句。句意：直到上午9：30，他们才终于到达安大略省的首府多伦多。修饰动词，所以用副词，本句为强调句型，强调句型为"it is+被强调部分+that"，此处强调了时间状语，故填that。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
14． After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto，the largest and （1）　wealthiest　（wealthy） city in Canada，they went on （2）　a　tour of the city.（3）　Seen　（see） in the distance，misty clouds were rising from the great Niagara Falls，（4）　which　made them astonished.Then at a restaurant （5）　in　downtown Chinatown，they met Lin Fei，who （6）　had moved　（move） to Canada many years earlier.The train left late that night and arrived in Montreal early the next morning.At the station，they heard people （7）　talking　（talk） in French.They were surprised （8）　to see　（see） that many people spoke English with an accent.They met Jean﹣Philippe，a （9）　photographer　（photograph）.That night the train was speeding.The cousins dreamt （10）　happily　（happy） of the beautiful scenery of Montreal.
【答案】（1）wealthiest （2）a （3）Seen （4）which （5）in （6）had moved （7）talking （8）to see （9）photographer （10）happily
【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。主要讲述了李黛玉和她表妹一起在加拿大的所见所闻。
【解答】（1）考查形容词最高级。句意：李黛玉和她的表妹到了加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多后，她们去游览了这个城市。形容词largest与设空处并列，设空处应用形容词的最高级，修饰名词city。故填wealthiest。
（2）考查冠词。句意：李黛玉和她的表妹到了加拿大最大、最富有的城市多伦多后，她们去游览了这个城市。空后名词tour为单数形式，此处为泛指，tour为辅音音素开头，设空处应用a。故填a。
（3）考查过去分词。句意：从远处看，雾蒙蒙的云从大尼亚加拉瀑布上升起，这使他们感到惊讶。设空处为非谓语动词作状语，see与逻辑主语misty clouds之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Seen。
（4）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：从远处看，雾蒙蒙的云从大尼亚加拉瀑布上升起，这使他们感到惊讶。此处考查非限制性定语从句，前面的主句为先行词，作从句的主语，应用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（5）考查介词。句意：然后，在唐人街市中心的一家餐馆里，他们遇到了多年前搬到加拿大的林飞。空后为downtown Chinatown，应用介词in，介词短语作地点状语。故填in。
（6）考查动词时态。句意：然后，在唐人街市中心的一家餐馆里，他们遇到了多年前搬到加拿大的林飞。此处主句为一般过去时态，move发生的时间在met之前，时间状语为many years earlier，故设空处应用过去完成时。故填had moved。
（7）考查现在分词。句意：在车站，他们听到人们用法语交谈。此处考查hear sb doing，talk与people为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词，作补语，表示主动和正在进行，故填talking。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：他们惊讶地发现许多人说英语带有口音。设空处应用动词不定式，作原因状语，故填to see。
（9）考查可数名词的单数。句意：他们遇到了摄影师让 菲利普。空前为a，后接名词单数形式photographer，意为"摄影师"，作Jean﹣Philippe的同位语。故填photographer。
（10）考查副词。句意：表姐妹俩愉快地幻想着蒙特利尔的美景。修饰动词短语dreamt of应用副词happily，作状语。故填happily。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
15． Last summer，my friend and I hired a car and headed for Toronto.We didn't book a hotel room as it was at the beginning of September and we thought it（1）　would be　（be） easy for us to find a hotel.
We（2）　had been driving/had driven　（drive） for five hours when the weather changed and it looked like a thunderstorm was coming.We got lost and both were （3）　exhausted　（exhaust） when I saw an old lady parking her car.I stopped and asked if she knew a hotel nearby.She said there was a hotel down the road，（4）　but　it would have been closed.The lovely old lady looked at me﹣I must have had a（5）　really　（real） anxious look on my face，and said，"Why don't you girls just stay the night at（6）　my　（I） house？I'll cook for you."
We ended up （7）　going　（go） to a little island in Lake Muskoka，where her husband was just working on his boat.We slept in（8）　the　comfortable beds they built for their kids and grandchildren，and they cooked for us.We stayed at their house for three nights （9）　in　all and also met their friends.Those days were the（10）　best　（good） part of our three﹣week trip!We were glad that we got lost and met the old lady.
【答案】（1）would be（2）had been driving/had driven（3）exhausted（4）but（5）really（6）my（7）going（8）the（9）in（10）best
【分析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两位女士在多伦多旅游，在连续开车5个小时寻找旅馆无果时得到了一位陌生的热心老太太的帮助，她们住在她家里三天，她们认为在老太太家的那三天是她们三周旅行中最美好的时光。
【解答】（1）考查动词时态。句意：我们没有预定酒店房间，因为那是在9月初，我们以为很容易就能找到酒店。分析句子可知此处表示过去将会发生的事情，所以用过去将来时态，故填would be。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：我们开了五个小时的车，突然天气变了，看起来像是要来雷雨了。根据时间状语for five hours和后面when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知此处表示过去的过去，所以用过去完成时态，也可以表示截止到"天气变化之前"一直发生的事情，所以用过去进行时态，故填had been driving/had driven。
（3）考查形容词。句意：当我看到一位老太太在停车时，我们都迷路了，都筋疲力尽了。作表语，所以用形容词，表示人"精疲力尽的"，故填exhausted。
（4）考查连词。句意：她说这条路尽头有家酒店，但应该已经关门了。前后是转折关系，所以用连词but连接，故填but。
（5）考查副词。句意：这位可爱的老太太看着我——我脸上一定是一副非常焦虑的表情，然后说："你们为什么不在我家过夜呢？我来给你做饭。"修饰形容词anxious，所以用副词，故填really。
（6）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这位可爱的老太太看着我——我脸上一定是一副非常焦虑的表情，然后说："你们为什么不在我家过夜呢？我来给你做饭。"放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填my。
（7）考查动名词。句意：我们最后去了马斯科卡湖的一个小岛，她丈夫正在那里修船。end up doing sth."最终做某事"，end up后跟动名词，故填going。
（8）考查冠词。句意：我们睡在他们为他们的孩子和孙子们做的舒适的床上，他们为我们做饭。beds前面有形容词限定，所以用定冠词the特指，故填the。
（9）考查介词。句意：我们在他们家一共住了三个晚上，还见了他们的朋友。此处为介词短语in all"总共"，in为介词，故填in。
（10）考查形容词最高级。句意：那些日子是我们三周旅行中最美好的时光!前面有定冠词the，后面有of短语限定，所以用形容词最高级作定语，故填best。
【点评】做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的词汇和语法知识。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握语言点及一些语法知识。
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