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Part 2　LESSON 1 SPRING FESTIVAL
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The　　　　(习俗) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries.
2.The diaries contain detailed　　　　(描述) of the writer’s experiences in China.
3.At the end of the meeting, I　　　　(总结) the problem from my point of view.
4.Chinese 　　　　(字) and paintings can help you appreciate China’s culture and history.
Ⅱ.选词填空
let off; sweep away; upside down; put up; scare...away
1.They 　　　　　　 signs all over town, hoping someone would recognize their lost cat.
2.The house was cleaned in order to　　　　　　 the dirt of the past year and get ready for the coming new year.
3.He threw a stone to 　　　　　　 the dog 　　　　　　.
4.Turn the bottle　　　　　　 to empty it before you fill it with oil.
5.In recent years, people in many cities have been forbidden from　　　　　　 fireworks during Spring Festival.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1.The expert stressed at the conference that schools should attach importance　　　　　 children’s mental health.
2.She spent too much money on the interior　　　　　(decorate) of her new house.
3.In the Digital Age, we’re used to having what we need 　　　　　(immediate) and right at our fingertips.
4.Gwen sat at her desk, 　　　　　(surround) by books and papers.
5.　　　　　 is believed that he has made a lot of money by doing business.
Ⅳ.单元语法专练
用被动语态改写下列句子
1.The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.

2.They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.

3.They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.(jobs作被动动作的承受者)

4.The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible.(the car作被动动作的承受者)

5.The radio is broadcasting English lessons.

6.This time last year we were planting trees here.

7.Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.

8.When I got to the theatre, I found they had already sold out of the tickets.

能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
　　Throughout history, some of the original customs have changed, but the spirit of Spring Festival—the spirit of family—has 　1　 (large) been kept. Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people 　2　 the country.
To Li Yan, a 　3　(retire) grandmother from Heilongjiang Province, Spring Festival is still about the joy of a family gathering. She loves to be surrounded by her entire family. Weeks before Spring Festival, she starts to make 　4　(prepare) for her children and grandchildren’s homecoming.
For the younger generation, 　5　(return) home to spend Spring Festival with parents is no easy task. Flights have to be booked as early as possible. Usually tickets are hard 　6　(get), and the journey would be tiring. But all the efforts pay　7　when the whole family sit together around a hotpot, filling each other in on what’s been happening.
The festival even attracts foreigners. Tom Jenkins, 　8　 is an exchange student in Nanjing, spent his first Spring Festival with his host family. He joined them in sweeping away the dirt of their house and attaching the Chinese character Fu to their front door. 　9　 is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness 　10　(arrive). Everything is so interesting to him, but the best part is to let off fireworks, which was to scare away the monster Nian.
1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
The second Sunday of May is Mother’s Day. Originally 　1　(celebrate) in the US, it has also become popular in China as a way to extend thanks to mothers with gifts and 　2　(greet). Some experts suggest China 　3　(have) its own Mother’s Day, instead of “borrowing” from the US. Should China create its own Mother’s Day
Stephanie: I think maybe it is those retail(零售) businessmen
　4　 want as many special days as possible, so that they can earn more money. On Mother’s Day, things cost twice as much as usual and 　5　 is super difficult to book a table for dinner. Something with Chinese traditions 　6　(sound) nice, but I hope the special day would light our love for mothers, instead of following the fashion and falling into the trap dug by businessmen.
Francisco: As a child, I just took my mother’s love 　7　 granted. But now I realize how much my mom has sacrificed 　8　(selfless) and how great she really is! Mothers deserve our respect as well as our care and love. We Chinese have the tendency 　9　(keep) everything to ourselves. In this regard, we should learn from Americans. Say “I love you” to your mom whenever you feel it and give her a hug or have a heart-to-heart chat or do some housework. 　10　 matters is that you should do something to show you love her, not just on Mother’s Day.
1.　　　　　　　2.　　　　　　　3.　　　　　　　4.　　　　　　　5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　　7.　　　　　　　8.　　　　　　　9.　　　　　　　10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar(日历).
In Western countries, people usually celebrate the new year at midnight on December 31st-January 1st. People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal clothes, and they may drink champagne at midnight. During the first minutes of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to greet the new year with the first light of the sunrise.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and that the new year can start afresh(重新). Other common traditions to keep away from bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year’s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. In France, people eat oysters(牡蛎) on New Year’s Eve. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck—but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them.
1.What is the text mainly about
A.The meaning of “Happy New Year!”.
B.Several different New Year traditions.
C.What to eat on New Year’s Day.
D.Why people dress up nicely on New Year’s Day.
2.Why do people throw things into rivers or the ocean in some cultures
A.To bring good luck.
B.To keep away from bad luck.
C.To forget everything.
D.To plan for the next year.
3.To have a happy new year, 　　　.
A.friends talk to each other in special ways
B.families make big dolls filled with old clothes
C.some people get up early to watch the sunrise
D.Europeans eat 365 grapes on New Year’s Day
Ⅳ.完形填空
A Special Birthday Party
I teach a bilingual kindergarten class. One Monday I noticed that two of my students, Juan and Cynthia, had a shared 　1　 on Friday of that week. I told both their moms that they could bring 　2　 to celebrate their child’s birthday.
I wondered whether either 　3　 to bring a birthday cake for the kids. On Thursday, I asked Juan and Cynthia about it, but they didn’t know anything about their parents’ plans. Both children, however, were very 　4　 about having a birthday party the next day in class. As I was tired after work, I decided to 　5　 it until the next day.
The next morning my first 　6　 was: What should I do about the cakes It would be terrible if there was nothing for the kids to 　7　 at the party. The thought worried me as I approached the Mexican bakery on my drive to school.
The shop had four large pieces of cake for a dollar each. The only thing was that I was 　8　 of cash. I needed the five dollars in my purse to 　9　 until payday. However, I decided the 　10　 was the most important thing.
The school day went well. After story time, I told the students, “Today we are celebrating the birthday of Juan and Cynthia.”
I brought out the cake and lit the candles, and then we sang “Happy Birthday”. Cynthia and Juan smiled happily. After the candles were blown out, I cut each of the four pieces of cake into five little pieces. It was just 　11　—all 20 of my students had come to class that day.
In the end, Juan said to me, “Miss Jones, I 　12　 had a birthday party before!” As I watched him walk away, still 　13　, tears came to my eyes. When Cynthia came up moments later, I asked her if she’d ever had a birthday party before.
“No,” she said. “But I love my birthday today! Thank you, Miss Jones.”
I later learned, after talking with their parents, that our simple celebration had, 　14　, been both Cynthia’s and Juan’s first birthday party. I had to 　15　 the last couple of days of that month on the one dollar—but it was certainly worth it!
1.A.birthday　　　B.interest
C.room　　　D.feeling
2.A.toys　　　B.parents
C.cakes　　　D.friends
3.A.required　　　B.happened
C.pretended　　　D.intended
4.A.excited
B.disappointed
C.relaxed
D.puzzled
5.A.try　　　B.leave
C.keep　　　D.change
6.A.plan　　　B.suggestion
C.thought　　　D.experience
7.A.see　　　B.say
C.play　　　D.eat
8.A.weak　　　B.short
C.hard　　　D.out
9.A.save　　　B.make
C.last　　　D.owe
10.A.class　　　B.party
C.life　　　D.salary
11.A.half　　　B.over
C.all　　　D.enough
12.A.ever　　　B.seldom
C.even　　　D.never
13.A.smiling　　　B.dreaming
C.singing　　　D.shouting
14.A.certainly　　　B.indeed
C.anyway　　　D.naturally
15.A.struggle　　　B.occupy
C.labor　　　D.spare
答案与分层梯度式解析
Part 2　LESSON 1 SPRING FESTIVAL
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.custom　2.accounts　3.summarized　4.characters
Ⅱ.1.put up　2.sweep away　3.scare;away　4.upside down　5.letting off
Ⅲ.1.to　考查介词。句意:那位专家在会上强调学校应该重视儿童的心理健康。attach importance to意为“重视……”。
2.decoration　考查名词。句意:她在新房子的室内装饰上花了太多的钱。由空前的冠词the和形容词interior(室内的)可知设空处应用名词,由语境可知设空处表示“装饰”,故填decoration。
3.immediately　考查副词。分析句子可知,设空处作状语,应用副词,immediately意为“立刻”。故填immediately。
4.surrounded　考查过去分词。句中已有谓语sat,设空处应用非谓语动词作状语;Gwen与surround为逻辑上的被动关系,故用过去分词作状语;(be) surrounded by为固定搭配,意为“被……包围”。
5.It　考查代词。句意:人们相信他做生意赚了很多钱。It is believed that...是固定句式,意为“人们相信……”。It在此处作形式主语,真正的主语是that从句。
Ⅳ.1.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
2.The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
3.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers.
4.The workers told me the car would be mended as soon as possible.
5.English lessons are being broadcast on the radio.
6.Trees were being planted here this time last year.
7.I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
8.When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.largely　考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词has been kept,应用副词作状语。
2.across　考查介词。句意:大多数重要的春节传统仍被全国各地的人们践行。across the country 全国各地。
3.retired　考查形容词。设空处修饰名词grandmother,应用形容词作定语;由语境可知设空处表示“退休的”,故填retired。
4.preparations　考查名词。设空处作空前动词make的宾语,应用名词形式;make preparations for为固定搭配,意为“为……做准备”。故填preparations。
5.returning　考查动名词。句意:对于更年轻的一代来说,回家和父母一起过春节不是件容易的事。设空处在句中作主语,表示抽象概念,应用动名词形式。故填returning。
6.to get　考查动词不定式。句意:通常票很难买到,而且旅途会很累人。“主语+be+adj.+to do”为固定结构,其中to do用主动形式表被动意义。
7.off　考查副词。由语境可知此处表示当家人们团聚在一起时,所有的辛劳都得到了回报。pay off为固定短语,意为“得到回报”,故填off。
8.who　考查定语从句。句意:Tom Jenkins是南京的一名交换生,他和他的寄宿家庭度过了他的第一个春节。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Tom Jenkins,关系词在从句中作主语,指人,故用who。
9.It　考查固定用法。句意:人们相信,当“福”被倒过来放时,幸福就会到来。It is believed that...人们相信……。
10.arrives　考查时态及主谓一致。根据语境及句中的“when Fu is put upside down”可知,需使用一般现在时,表示一般情况;设空处对应的主语是happiness(不可数名词),谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填arrives。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。Stephanie和Francisco两个人针对中国应不应该设立自己特有的母亲节这一话题发表了各自的看法。
1.celebrated　考查过去分词。句意:母亲节最初是在美国庆祝,(后来)它作为一种用礼物和问候来表达对母亲的感谢的方式在中国也流行起来。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词,因此设空处应用非谓语动词。所给提示词与其逻辑主语it之间为被动关系,所以应用过去分词作状语。故填celebrated。
2.greetings　考查名词及其单复数。设空处与and前的gifts并列,作with的宾语,应用名词形式,此处表示“问候,祝词”,故填greetings。
3.have　考查虚拟语气。句意:一些专家建议,中国应该有自己的母亲节,而不是从美国“借用”。suggest表示“建议”后接宾语从句时,从句应用虚拟语气,即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。故填have。
易错归因
此题易错填has,原因是忽略了suggest表示“建议”后接宾语从句时,从句应用虚拟语气的用法。
4.that/who　考查强调句型。句意:我想也许正是那些零售商人想要尽可能多的特殊的日子,以便他们能赚更多的钱。宾语从句使用了强调句型,被强调的部分是主语those retail businessmen,指人。故填that或who。
5.it　考查it作形式主语。句意:在母亲节那天,东西的价格是平时的两倍,预订餐位超级困难。分析句子结构可知,and连接两个并列分句;在后一分句中,空格处作形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语“to book a table for dinner”。故填it。
6.sounds　考查时态及主谓一致。句意:有中国传统的东西听起来不错,但我希望这个特殊的日子能点燃我们对母亲的爱,而不是赶时髦,落入商人挖好的陷阱。分析句子结构可知,but连接两个并列分句。在but前的分句中,“Something with Chinese traditions”是主语,设空处是谓语;此处指一般情况,应用一般现在时;主语的核心词是Something,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填sounds。
7.for　考查固定短语。句意:在我小的时候,我就认为母亲的爱是理所当然的。take...for granted意为“不把……当回事;认为……是理所当然的”,为固定短语。故填for。
8.selflessly　考查副词。句意:但我现在意识到我的母亲无私地牺牲了多少,她实际上是多么伟大!空格处修饰谓语动词has sacrificed,应用副词作状语。由语境可知空格处表示“无私地”,故填selflessly。
9.to keep　考查动词不定式。句意:我们中国人往往把一切埋在心底。tendency后面常用动词不定式作定语,have the tendency to do sth.意为“有做某事的倾向”。故填to keep。
10.What　考查主语从句。句意:重要的是你应该做些事来表明你爱她,而不仅仅是在母亲节这天。is为系动词,is后的“that you...Mother’s Day”为that引导的表语从句,“　10　 matters”为主语从句,空格处引导该主语从句且在从句中作主语,意为“……的事”。故填What。
【高频词汇】　1.sacrifice vt.牺牲　2.deserve vt.应得;值得
3.matter vi.要紧,有关系
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了不同文化的国家如何过新年。
1.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知,几乎所有的文化都以某种方式庆祝一年的结束和另一年的开始,不同的文化以不同的方式在不同的时间庆祝新年的开始。接着第二、三、四段举例说明了不同的国家如何迎接新年,摆脱坏运气和迎来好运气。因此本文的主旨为不同的文化庆祝新年的方式不同,传统各异。故选B。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year.”可知,许多文化也会在新年伊始做一些特殊的事情来摆脱厄运。后边举例说明了很多方法,第三段最后一句“Other common traditions...of the new year.”提到,把东西扔进河里或海里是为了摆脱厄运。故选B。
3.C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But some cultures prefer to greet the new year with the first light of the sunrise.”可知,有些人庆祝新年的方式是早起看日出,故选C。
【高频词汇】　1.get rid of 摆脱　2.keep away from远离
3.widespread adj.广泛的　4.the more...,the more... 越……就越……
Ⅳ.◎语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作为老师的作者买了蛋糕为两个同一天生日的学生过生日的事情。
1.A　由下文的“Today we are celebrating the birthday of Juan and Cynthia.”可知,胡安和辛西娅在星期五那天过生日。故选A项。
2.C　由常识和下文“What should I do about the cakes ”可知,给孩子过生日应该是用生日蛋糕来庆祝。故选C项。
3.D　由上文语境和下文“On Thursday, I asked Juan and Cynthia about it”可知,上文作者告诉两个孩子的妈妈说可以带蛋糕来给孩子过生日,下文又问孩子这件事,说明作者想知道两位家长是否打算带蛋糕来。故选D项。
4.A　由下文的“having a birthday party the next day in class”可知,第二天要在班上举办生日聚会,两个孩子肯定兴奋。故选A项。
5.B　由语境可知,因为作者那天太累,所以把蛋糕这件事留到第二天再想。故选B项。
6.C　由下文的“What should I do about the cakes ”可知,这是作者想的具体内容,呼应后面的“The thought”。故选C项。
7.D　由上文的“It would be terrible”和下文介绍的作者去买蛋糕可知,聚会上没有生日蛋糕吃,那生日聚会就会很糟糕。故选D项。
8.B　由上文的“The shop had four large pieces of cake for a dollar each.”和下文的“I needed the five dollars in my purse”可知,作者缺钱。故选B项。
9.C　由上文语境可知,作者缺钱,需要钱包里的五美元维持生活到发薪日。故选C项。
10.B　由标题“A Special Birthday Party”和文中反复出现的“party”可知,作者虽然缺钱,但认为生日聚会是最重要的事,所以决定买蛋糕。故选B项。
11.D　由上文的“I cut each of the four pieces of cake into five little pieces”和下文的“all 20 of my students had come to class that day”可知,作者把蛋糕切成二十小块,足够二十个学生每人一块。故选D项。
12.D　由下文的“been both Cynthia’s and Juan’s first birthday party”可知,这是胡安的第一个生日聚会,由此可知胡安以前从来没有过生日聚会。故选D项。
13.A　由上文语境可知,胡安以前从来没有过生日聚会,他应该是向作者表达感谢,作者觉得让学生开心,自己也很欣慰,应该是笑着看他离开。故选A项。
14.B　由上下文语境可知,作者在和他们的父母交谈后得知,这次简单的生日聚会的确是两个孩子的第一次生日聚会。故选B项。
15.A　由上文语境可知,作者当时只有五美元,花四美元买了蛋糕,所以在那个月的最后几天只能靠花一美元艰难度日。故选A项。
【高频词汇】　1.terrible adj.糟糕的　2.approach v.接近,靠近;对付,处理;接洽,要求　3.bring out 拿出;出版;生产
4.happily adv.快乐地　5.worth adj.值得;有……价值
【差距词汇】　bilingual adj.双语的
长难句
原句　I later learned, after talking with their parents, that our simple celebration had, indeed, been both Cynthia’s and Juan’s first birthday party.
分析　本句是主从复合句。“after talking with their parents”为“介词+动名词短语”结构,在句中作时间状语;that引导宾语从句。
译文　后来,在与他们的父母交谈后,我得知,我们简单的庆祝活动确实是辛西娅和胡安的第一个生日聚会。
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