资源简介

非谓语动词------to do（动词不定式）
时态 一般式 完成式 进行式
主动语态 to do to have done to be doing
被动语态 to be done to have been done
一、不定式的功能
做主语：
To see is to believe./ Seeing is believing.
To err is human.
To finish this job in one day is impossible.
当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，将不定式放到谓语的后面。
It is very interesting to play in the snow in winter.
It took me two hours to finish my homework.
做表语：（表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用）
His hope /aim/dream is to go to a key university.
My suggestion is to put off the activity.
做宾语：
I decided to be a doctor when I graduate.
下列动词只能用动词不定式作宾语：
agree,choose,decide,determine,aim,plan,intend,want,hope,wish,expect,long,learn,manage,afford, offer,promise,fail,pretend,prepare, fear,happen,refuse,demand,would like...
接to do/doing意义不同的动词：
remember to do 记得将要做某事
remember doing 记得已经做过某事
forget to do 忘记要去做某事
forget doing 忘记已经做过某事
go on to do 继续做另一件事
go on doing 继续做正在做的事
stop to do 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing 停止做某事
mean to do 打算做某事
mean doing 意味着做某事
regret to do 遗憾要去做某事
regret doing 后悔做过某事
try to do 努力做某事
try doing 尝试做某事
can’t help to do 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing 情不自禁做某事
有时it做形式宾语，将不定式放到谓语的后面。常用于此句型：主语+动词+it+宾补+to do
能用于该结构的动词有feel、find、think、believe、consider、make等
I think it foolish to do such things.
Spending too much time online makes it very difficult to focus on other things in life.
做定语：
在序数词、形容词最高级或 the only/ the first / the next等后，常用不定式作定语
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
做宾语补足语: v+宾+to do
如下动词: ask, tell, order,beg,permit,allow,invite, remind,advise,persuade,cause,drive,
request,warn, encourage, prefer, inspire, force,warn,forbid ...常用此结构。
My teacher encouraged me to study abroad.
The kind-hearted man inspired us to help others.
做状语:
目的状语
To learn a foreign language well, you must try your best.
也可用in order to/ so as to但so as 不能放在句首
The doctors gave her a general checkup so as to / in order to find out the cause of her illness.
结果状语常用于此句型: 主语+be+形容词+to do
His telephone number is easy to remember.
We're quite glad to meet you here.
另外only to do表出乎意料的结果
He rushed to the station, only to find the last train had left.
特别提醒：现在分词(短语)作结果状语多表示顺其自然的结果,即句子和结果状语之间有一定的因果关系。
Jack has made great progress, making his parents very happy.
评注性状语
To be honest, I made a big mistake last night.
类似的还有:
To tell you the truth, ... 说实话 To be honest/frank,... 说实话
To begin/start with, ... 首先 To sum up,... 总而言之
To put it another way, ... 换句话说 To make matters worse, ... 更糟的是
To be short/brief, ... 简而言之 Needless to say, ... 不用说
二、不定式的时态和语态
　（1）进行式：to be doing不定式的动作正在发生 .
　　The boy pretended to be studying when his mother came in.
　　He is said to be studying abroad now.
完成式： to have done 不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前 .
He was said to have studied abroad for 10 years.
He pretended not to have seen me before.
被动语态：to be done、to have been done
The new kind of car needs to be tested on the road.
The man returned home, only to be told his wife dead.
The bridge to be built next year will be the largest one in the city .
His new book was said to have been translated into many languages.
三、单句填空
1.It’s said that the Olympic Games (hold) in 2024 will cover more events than any other Olympics did.
2.The purpose of education is ( develop) a fine personality in children.
3.It is traditional (bring) a gift to a house warming party.
4----The last one (arrive) pays the meal.---Agreed!
5.The purpose of this race is (inspire) us students (pay）more attention to physical exercise.
四、短文填空
The final exam is around the corner.Our head teacher told us 1 ( study) hard everyday. In fact, it is every student’s dream 2 (get) a good score. 3 (repay) our parents and teachers, most of us have decided 4 (live) up to their expectations . Sadly, a majority of students are still unaware of the importance of knowledge. In class, they often pretend 5 (read) when the teacher is in the classroom. Occasionally, the teacher asks them to answer a question, only 6 (find) that they know nothing. John is the most naughty boy. He is said 7 (fail) twice this term. Therefore, his parents forbid him 8 (go) to the movies on weekends. 9 _(be) honest , he really deserves to be punished. However, his biggest worry is the parents’ meeting 10_ (hold) next month. I pray that John would change himself and pass the final exam next week.
五、翻译练习
1. To see is to believe.
2. To get up early does good to one’s health.
3. To get up early, you must go to bed early.
4. I don't know when to leave and where to go.
5.The most important thing for us now is to save the wounded at once.
6.The future is hard to tell in a word.
7. In order to get a high mark , he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.
8. He is the only person to know the truth.
9. The air pollution seems to be improving day by day.
10.He happened to be sleeping on his desk when the teacher came in.
11.The famous professor was said to have studied abroad for years.
12.I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 13.When to hold the meeting remains undecided.
14..It’s my great pleasure to have received your invitation , but much to my regret, I have to be absent from your party because of my illness.
15.We must develop science and technology so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.
My love
--Westlife
An empty street
An empty house
A hole inside my heart
I'm all alone
The rooms are getting smaller
I wonder how
I wonder why
I wonder where they are
The days we had
The songs we sang together
Oh yeah
And all my love
I'm holding on forever
Reaching for the love that seems so far
So I say a little prayer
And hope my dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue
1 you once again
My love
Over seas from coast to coast
2 the place I love the most
Where the fields are green
3 you once again
My love
I try 4
I go 5
I'm laughing with my friends
But I can't stop
6 myself from thinking
Oh no
I wonder how
I wonder why
I wonder where they are
The days we had
The songs we sang together
Oh yeah
And all my love
I'm holding on forever
Reaching for the love that seems so far
So I say a little prayer
And hope my dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue
7 you once again
My love
Over seas from coast to coast
8 the place I love the most
Where the fields are green
9 you once again
10 you in my arms
11 you my love
12 you from my heart
You're all I'm thinking of
Reaching for the love that seems so far
So so I say a little prayer
And hope my dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue
13 you once again
My love
Over seas from coast to coast
14 the place I love the most
Where the fields are green
15 you once again
My love
Say a little prayer
My sweet love
Dreams will take me there
Where the skies are blue
Woah yeah
16 you once again
Over seas from coast to coast
17 the place I love the most
Where the fields are green
18 you once again
My love
Key:
四、1. to be held 2. to be introduced 3. to develop 4. to bring 5. to arrive 6. to inspire
五、1.to study 2.to get 3.To repay 4. to live 5.to be reading 6. to find 7. to have failed 8. to go 9.To be 10. to be punished 11.to be held
六、1 to hear 2.to come 3.to study 4. to remind 5. to be held 6.building 7.making 8.to take 9.to lock 10.are cheated 11. will help 12.to bring 13.likes 14.to have learned 15.to worry 16.Looking ing

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