Module 4 Home alone知识点期末复习外研版英语九年级上册

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Module 4 Home alone知识点期末复习外研版英语九年级上册

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九上M4U1课文重点笔记
一、核心短语
home alone 独自在家
用法:作表语或状语,强调“独自一人的状态”,alone是形容词/副词,无感彩。
例句:She stays home alone when her parents are out.(父母外出时,她独自在家。)
keep it/them tidy 保持整洁
拓展:keep+宾语+形容词(宾语补足语),类似结构:keep sb. safe(保证某人安全)、keep the room clean(保持房间干净)。
例句:You must keep your desk tidy in class.(课堂上你必须保持桌面整洁。)
be proud of ... = take pride in .... 为...感到骄傲
辨析:be proud of后接人或事,take pride in更侧重“因某事本身”感到自豪,主语多为人。
例句:Parents are proud of their children's achievements.(父母为孩子的成就感到骄傲。)
He takes pride in winning the competition.(他为赢得比赛感到自豪。)
Platform 2 2号站台
用法:地点名词+数字表示“第...号...”,首字母大写,类似:Room 302(302房间)、Lesson 5(第5课)。
come with sb. 和某人一起来
拓展:with后接伴随对象,相关短语:go with sb.(和某人一起去)、play with sb.(和某人一起玩)。
例句:Can I come with you to the library (我能和你一起去图书馆吗?)
miss two weeks of school 缺两周的课
拓展:miss此处为“错过;缺课”,还可表示“想念”,miss sb./sth.(想念某人/某物)。
例句:He missed three classes because of illness.(他因病缺了三节课。)I miss my grandparents very much.(我非常想念祖父母。)
be careful with... / be careful of... / take care = be careful = watch out = look out
辨析:
① be careful with:侧重“对某物小心(避免损坏或出错)”,后接事物;
② be careful of:侧重“警惕某人/某物(避免危险)”,后接人或有危险的事物;
③ 四个短语“take care = be careful = watch out = look out”均为“当心,小心”,可单独使用,watch out/look out语气更强,常含“有突发危险”的意味。
例句:Be careful with the glass, it's easy to break.(小心这个杯子,很容易碎。)
Be careful of the dog, it may bite.(小心那只狗,可能会咬人。)
Look out! There's a car coming.(小心!有车来了。)
go out 外出
拓展:go out还可表示“(灯、火)熄灭”,go out for sth.(外出做某事),如go out for dinner(外出吃饭)。
例句:She usually goes out for a walk after supper.(她通常晚饭后外出散步。)The light went out suddenly.(灯突然灭了。)
look after = take care of 照顾
拓展:look after sb. well = take good care of sb.(把某人照顾好),care前加good(形容词),well(副词)修饰look after。
例句:She looks after her little brother well. = She takes good care of her little brother.(她把弟弟照顾得很好。)
plenty of = a lot of = lots of 大量的,许多的
用法:三者后均可接可数名词复数或不可数名词,plenty of更口语化,a lot of/lots of可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句,plenty of一般不用于否定句。
例句:There are plenty of books in the library.(图书馆里有很多书。)We don't have a lot of time left.(我们没剩多少时间了。)
cook simple meals 做简单的饭菜
拓展:cook为及物动词“烹饪”,cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb.(为某人烹制某食物);注意:“厨师”是cooker吗?不是!“厨师”是cook,cooker是“炊具”。
例句:My mom cooks me breakfast every morning. = My mom cooks breakfast for me every morning.(妈妈每天早上给我做早餐。)
wake sb. up 把某人叫醒
词形变化:wake - woke - woken(不规则动词)
注意:宾语是代词时,必须放在wake和up中间;是名词时,可放中间或后面。
例句:Wake me up at 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.(明天早上7点叫醒我。)Wake up Tom, it's time to go to school.(叫醒汤姆,该上学了。)
give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. / send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb.
用法:双宾语结构,当宾语是代词时,必须用“give/send sth. to sb.”结构;send还可表示“派遣;寄”,send sb. to sp.(派遣某人去某地)。
词形变化:give - gave - given;send - sent - sent(均为不规则动词)
例句:He gave me a pen. = He gave a pen to me.(他给了我一支笔。)Give it to me, please.(请把它给我。)
She sent me a postcard. = She sent a postcard to me.(她寄给我一张明信片。)The company sent him to Beijing.(公司派他去北京。)
have a good/great/wonderful trip 旅途愉快
拓展:类似祝福短语:have a good time(玩得开心)、have a nice day(过得愉快)、have a good meal(吃得开心)。
例句:Wish you a wonderful trip to Shanghai!(祝你上海之行愉快!)
in a couple of weeks / a couple of + 可数名词复数 / a couple
辨析:
① in a couple of weeks:“两周后”,in + 一段时间表示“在一段时间之后”,用于一般将来时;
② a couple of + 可数名词复数:“两个;几个(约2-3个)”;
③ a couple:“一对夫妻/情侣”,也可泛指“两个人”。
例句:He will come back in a couple of weeks.(他两周后会回来。)
I bought a couple of apples on my way home.(我回家路上买了两个苹果。)
They are a happy couple.(他们是一对幸福的夫妻。)
二、重点句型
So am I. 我也是。(倒装句)
结构:肯定句结构:so + be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 “...也一样”
否定句结构:neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 “...也不”
关键:前后两句主语不同,且前句为肯定/否定事实,后句表“另一主语也如此”。
例句:Betty is good at Chinese. --- So is Tony.(Tony也擅长语文。)
I like films. --- So do I.(我也喜欢电影。)
He can't swim. --- Neither/Nor can I.(我也不会游泳。)
易错点:如果是同一主语,表“确实如此”,不用倒装,即so + 主语 + be动词/助动词/情态动词。
例句:--- You are good at English.(你擅长英语。)--- So I am.(我确实擅长。)
make sure + (that) 宾语从句 保证,确保...
用法:that可省略,从句常用一般现在时表将来(主将从现),也可根据语境用其他时态。
例句:Make sure (that) you close the window before you leave.(离开前确保把窗户关好。)
Make sure (that) he has got the message.(确保他收到了消息。)
so + adj./ adv. + that从句 / so that + 句子 / too + adj./ adv. to do sth.
辨析:
① so + adj./adv. + that从句:“如此....以至于....”,that引导结果状语从句;
② so that + 句子:“为了...;以便...”,引导目的状语从句,从句常含can/could等情态动词;
③ too + adj./adv. + to do sth.:“太...以至于不能...”,to do表否定意义,主语与不定式逻辑主语一致。
转换:so + adj. + that + 否定句 = too + adj. + to do sth.
例句:The lady is so old that she can't walk. = The lady is too old to walk.(这位女士太老了,走不动路。)
He studies so hard that he gets good grades.(他学习如此努力,以至于取得了好成绩。)
I get up early so that I can catch the early bus.(我起得早,以便能赶上早班车。)
advise sb. (not) to do sth. / suggest doing sth.
辨析:
① advise(动词):advise sb. (not) to do sth.(建议某人(不)做某事),还可接宾语从句(从句用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略);
② advice(不可数名词):“建议”,不能用a/an修饰,表达“一条建议”用a piece of advice;
③ suggest(动词):suggest doing sth.(建议做某事),还可接宾语从句(从句用“should + 动词原形”,should可省略);
④ suggestion(可数名词):“建议”,a suggestion(一条建议),复数suggestions。
例句:The teacher advised us to read more books.(老师建议我们多读书。)
He gave me a piece of good advice.(他给了我一条好建议。)
She suggested going to the park this weekend.(她建议这周末去公园。)
My father suggested that I (should) learn to drive.(爸爸建议我学开车。)
be about to do sth. 将要做某事
用法:表示“即刻就要发生的动作”,不能与具体的时间状语(如tomorrow, next week)连用,常与when引导的从句连用(be about to do ... when ... 正要做...这时...)。
例句:We are about to have lunch when the phone rings.(我们正要吃午饭,这时电话响了。)
易错点:不能说“We are about to have lunch tomorrow.”,可改为“We will have lunch tomorrow.”
M4U2 课文重点笔记
一、核心短语
manage v. 管理;设法完成
关键用法:manage to do sth.(设法完成某事),强调“经过努力最终做成了”,与try to do sth.(努力做某事,不一定成功)不同。
拓展:manager(名词,经理),manage a company(管理公司)。
例句:He managed to finish the work on time.(他设法按时完成了工作。)
She tried to climb the mountain, but failed.(她努力爬山,但没成功。)
a bit = a little / a bit of = a little
辨析:
① a bit = a little:修饰形容词或副词原级,“一点”;
② a bit of = a little:修饰不可数名词,“一点”;
③ 否定式:not a bit = not at all(一点也不),not a little = very much(非常)。
例句:The weather is a bit cold. = The weather is a little cold.(天气有点冷。)
There is a bit of water in the bottle. = There is a little water in the bottle.(瓶子里有一点水。)
I'm not a bit tired.(我一点也不累。)I'm not a little tired.(我非常累。)
feel / be unhappy with sth./sb. 对某事/某人感到不高兴
拓展:类似表达:be satisfied with(对...满意)、be angry with(对...生气)、be pleased with(对...满意)。
例句:She is unhappy with her exam result.(她对自己的考试成绩不满意。)
turn off / turn on 关闭 / 打开
拓展:turn相关短语:turn up(调大音量/调高温度)、turn down(调小音量/调低温度;拒绝)、turn around(转身)、turn into(变成)。
注意:宾语是代词时,放中间;是名词时,可放中间或后面。
例句:Turn off the light before you go out. = Turn the light off before you go out.(外出前关灯。)
Turn it up, I can't hear clearly.(调大一点,我听不清。)He turned down the invitation.(他拒绝了邀请。)
leave sb. alone 让某人独自一人
拓展:leave相关短语:leave sth. + 地点(把某物落在某地)、leave for sp.(动身去某地)、leave sth. done(让某物处于某种状态)。
例句:Leave him alone, he needs some time to think.(别打扰他,他需要点时间思考。)
I left my wallet at home.(我把钱包落在家里了。)We will leave for Beijing tomorrow.(我们明天动身去北京。)
come true 实现
用法:主语是“梦想、愿望、计划”等名词,不能用于被动语态,主语是人时用realize one's dream(实现某人的梦想)。
例句:His dream of becoming a doctor came true.(他当医生的梦想实现了。)
He realized his dream through hard work.(他通过努力实现了梦想。)
be worried about = worry about 担心
辨析:be worried about是系表结构,worried是形容词;worry about是动词短语,worry是动词(第三人称单数worries)。
例句:She is worried about her son's safety. = She worries about her son's safety.(她担心儿子的安全。)
He worries about his exam every time.(他每次都担心考试。)
go away on business 外出出差
拓展:on business(出差),on vacation(度假),on duty(值日),on foot(步行)。
例句:My father often goes away on business.(我爸爸经常外出出差。)
a few + 可数名词复数 / few + 可数名词复数
辨析:两者都修饰可数名词复数,a few表“一些,有几个”(肯定意义),few表“几乎没有”(否定意义);修饰不可数名词用a little(肯定)/ little(否定)。
例句:There are a few apples on the table, you can eat one.(桌子上有几个苹果,你可以吃一个。)
There are few books in the bag, we need to buy some.(包里几乎没有书了,我们需要买一些。)
have some fun 玩得开心
拓展:fun是不可数名词,“乐趣”,不能用a/an修饰,常用短语:have fun doing sth.(做某事很开心)、for fun(为了好玩)。
例句:We had some fun playing games at the party.(我们在派对上玩游戏很开心。)He just did it for fun.(他只是为了好玩才做的。)
at last = finally 最后
辨析:两者均表示“经过一段时间后最终...”,at last更强调“克服困难后终于”,finally更侧重“按顺序排列的最后”;还有in the end(最终,强调结果)。
例句:At last, he passed the exam after hard work.(经过努力,他终于通过了考试。)
Finally, we arrived at the hotel at 10 o'clock.(最后,我们10点到达了酒店。)
at midnight 在午夜
拓展:时间介词at的用法:at + 具体时刻(如at 7:00)、at + 节日(如at Christmas)、at + 固定短语(如at noon, at night, at midnight)。
wake up / wake sb. up 醒来 / 叫醒某人
用法:wake up可单独使用(表“醒来”),也可接宾语(表“叫醒某人”),代词宾语放中间。
例句:I usually wake up at 6:30.(我通常6点半醒来。)Wake him up, it's time to get up.(叫醒他,该起床了。)
hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事
拓展:hurry相关短语:hurry up(快点,口语)、hurry to sp.(匆忙去某地)、in a hurry(匆忙地,介词短语)。
例句:She hurried to finish her homework and went out.(她匆忙做完作业就出去了。)
Hurry up, or we will be late.(快点,否则我们要迟到了。)He left in a hurry.(他匆忙离开了。)
ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物
拓展:ask相关短语:ask sb. to do sth.(要求某人做某事)、ask sb. not to do sth.(要求某人不做某事)、ask about sth.(询问某事)。
例句:He asked his teacher for help.(他向老师求助。)
The teacher asked us to finish the work on time.(老师要求我们按时完成工作。)
hand it/them in 上交
用法:hand in(上交),宾语是代词时放中间,名词宾语可放中间或后面;hand out(分发)。
例句:Hand in your homework before class. = Hand your homework in before class.(上课前上交作业。)
Hand it in now, please.(请现在把它交上来。)The teacher handed out the books to students.(老师给学生分发书本。)
with an empty stomach 肚子空空
用法:with + 名词 + 形容词/介词短语,构成独立主格结构,表伴随状态。
例句:He went to school with an empty stomach this morning.(他今天早上空着肚子去上学了。)
She slept with the window open.(她开着窗户睡觉。)
be unable to do sth. = be not able to do sth. 不能够做某事
拓展:able(形容词,能胜任的),unable(形容词,不能的),ability(名词,能力),disable(动词,使残疾),disabled(形容词,残疾的)。
例句:He is unable to speak English. = He is not able to speak English.(他不会说英语。)
She has the ability to finish the work well.(她有能力把工作做好。)
all day long = the whole day 整天
辨析:all和whole修饰名词时,all + 限定词 + 名词,whole + 名词(限定词放whole前),如all the day = the whole day,all my life = my whole life(我的一生)。
例句:He worked all day long. = He worked the whole day.(他工作了一整天。)
try to do sth. / try doing sth.
辨析:
① try to do sth.:“努力去做某事”,侧重“为了达到目的而努力”;
② try doing sth.:“尝试做某事”,侧重“试验某种方法或方式”。
例句:I try to learn English well.(我努力学好英语。)
He tried opening the door with another key.(他试着用另一把钥匙开门。)
lonely 孤独的(内心) / alone 单独的(状态)
形象辨析:
① alone → 像“独行侠”,只描述“一个人”的客观状态,可作形容词(表语)或副词;
② lonely → 像“伤心人”,描述“孤独寂寞”的主观情绪,只能作形容词,可修饰人或地点(表“荒凉的”)。
例句:He lives alone, but he doesn't feel lonely.(他独自生活,但不感到孤独。)
She was alone in the lonely village.(她独自一人在那个荒凉的村庄里。)
help sb. with sth. / help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
拓展:help sb. to do sth. 与help sb. do sth. 含义相同,to可省略;can't help doing sth.(忍不住做某事)。
例句:I help my mom with housework every day. = I help my mom do housework every day.(我每天帮妈妈做家务。)
She can't help laughing when she hears the joke.(听到这个笑话,她忍不住笑了。)
tell funny jokes 讲有趣的笑话
拓展:tell相关短语:tell a story(讲故事)、tell the truth(说实话)、tell a lie(说谎)、tell sb. about sth.(告诉某人某事)。
注意:“讲笑话”是tell jokes,不是say jokes;“说某种语言”是speak + 语言,“说一句话”是say a sentence。
例句:My uncle often tells funny jokes to us.(我叔叔经常给我们讲有趣的笑话。)He told me about his trip to America.(他给我讲了他的美国之行。)
be happy to do sth. 开心做某事
拓展:“be + 形容词 + to do sth.” 结构:be glad to do sth.(高兴做某事)、be ready to do sth.(准备好做某事)、be afraid to do sth.(害怕做某事)。
例句:I am happy to help you.(我很乐意帮你。)She is afraid to go out at night.(她害怕晚上外出。)
tidy up 整理;收拾
用法:tidy up后可接宾语(收拾某物),也可单独使用;tidy up sth. = tidy sth. up(代词宾语放中间)。
例句:Tidy up your desk, it's too messy. = Tidy your desk up, it's too messy.(收拾一下你的桌子,太乱了。)
He tidied up before his parents came back.(父母回来前,他收拾了一下。)
tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事
用法:双宾语结构,代词宾语放中间,名词宾语可放中间或后面。
例句:She told me a secret. = She told a secret to me.(她告诉了我一个秘密。)Tell it to me, please.(请把它告诉我。)
二、重点句型/语法
so + adj./adv. 原级 + that 从句 如此...以至于
用法:与U1知识点一致,that引导结果状语从句,可与too...to...转换(否定从句时)。
例句:The box is so heavy that I can't carry it. = The box is too heavy for me to carry.(这个箱子太重了,我搬不动。)
as soon as 一...就...
语法:主将从现(主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来);如果描述过去的事情,主从句均用一般过去时。
例句:I will call you as soon as I arrive in Beijing.(我一到北京就给你打电话。)
He went to bed as soon as he finished his homework last night.(昨晚他一做完作业就去睡觉了。)
动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数
用法:动名词(doing sth.)作主语时,视为单数,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
例句:Reading books is good for our study.(读书对我们的学习有好处。)
Playing football makes him happy.(踢足球让他很开心。)
拓展:常用it作形式主语,把动名词后置,结构:It is + 形容词/名词 + doing sth.,如It is interesting playing computer games.(玩电脑游戏很有趣。)

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