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(共32张PPT)
专题二　名　词
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
广东省卷近5年中考分析
考点 题型 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年
名词 辨析 完形 填空 (48)journey; (49)challenge (41)job; (46)reason; (50)scientist (42)time; (43)baby; (44)idea (41)vegetables; (43)family (44)advantages;
(45)space;
(46)reply
可数名词及其单复数 语法 选择 (36)watch birds
短文 填空 (73)favorite example is; (74)some performances of (71)In cities; (72)The answer is “Yes.” (74)The invention of; (75)have a good habit of (73)forty-seven
letters
不可数 名词 短文填空 (69)the beauty of (71)hot water
名词所 有格 语法选择 (35)one hour's bus ride (33)teacher's favorite student
考点一　可数名词的数
1.规则变化
类别 构成方法 例词
一般情况 在词尾加-s girl—girls,book—books
以-s,-sh,-x,-ch结尾的单词 在词尾加-es glass—glasses,brush—brushes box—boxes,watch—watches
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词 变y为i,再加-es family—families,baby—babies
以-f或-fe结尾的单词 一般把f或fe改为v,再加-es wolf—wolves,knife—knives
以-o结尾的单词 在表示有生命的词的词尾加-es 在表示无生命的词的词尾加-s potato—potatoes,tomato—tomatoes photo—photos,
radio—radios
2.不规则变化
情况及构成方法 例词
单复数同形 people—people(人)　　　　 sheep—sheep(绵羊)
deer—deer(鹿) fish—fish(鱼)
Japanese—Japanese(日本人) Chinese—Chinese(中国人)
police—police(警察)
通过内部元音变化的方法构成复数形式 man—men(男人) 　　　woman—women(女人)
goose—geese(鹅) foot—feet(脚)
tooth—teeth(牙齿) mouse—mice(老鼠)
词尾加-(r) en构成复数形式 child—children(孩子)
巧学妙记
名词变复数的不规则变化
男士女士a变e,鹅牙脚双o变双e,孩子们想去天安门,原词后面ren,老鼠复数也好记,ous变ic。
单复同形有规律,记好下面这一句:中日人民警察来聚会,鹿鱼绵羊把家回。
提示
(1)有些单词名词形式为复数,意义为单数。如:physics,news,maths,
the United States
(2)由两个名词组成的复合名词由单数变复数时,通常只须将后面的名词变为复数。如:two apple trees,shoe shops,ten boy students
但由man,woman作前置定语构成的复合名词变复数时,man或woman与后面的名词都要变复数。如:some men doctors,two women teachers
对点训练　
( )1.Three fifths of the teachers in our school are 　　　.
A.man teacher B.men teachers
C.woman teachers D.women teacher
( )2.On my uncle's farm,there are many 　　 and 　　　　.
A.sheeps;foxes B.sheep;foxs
C.sheep;foxes D.sheeps;fox
B
C
( )3.We have to clean 　　　　 every day.
A.our tooth B.our tooths
C.our teeth D.our teeths
( )4.(2025江苏连云港)The use of China's first home-built ocean drilling(钻探) ship shows a big 　　　 forward in China's deep sea exploring.
A.hole B.flag
C.bridge D.step
C
D
考点二　不可数名词
1.不可数名词的计量形式:数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词。如:a bottle of water
2.数词决定量词的单复数形式。如:a piece of news,two pieces of news
3.不可数名词还可用some,any,a lot of,a little,much等修饰。如:
some water,much time
对点训练　
( )1.Who can give me some 　　　 on saving energy
A.news B.advice
C.class D.care
( )2.(2025云南)Alice,you must wear a uniform because it builds school 　　　.
A.spirit B.chance
C.peace D.knowledge
B
A
( )3.Health is the greatest 　　　 in our life.Nothing is more valuable than it.
A.power B.wealth C.praise D.weight
( )4.(2025江苏扬州) —What's the advantage of your transport services
—Whether it's by land,sea or air,we use our 　　　 to serve you.
A.courage B.challenge
C.passage D.knowledge
B
D
考点三　名词所有格
名词所有格用来表示名词和名词之间的所属关系。
1.'s所有格
2.of所有格
一些无生命的名词所有格要用“of+名词”来表示,有时也用于表示人和其他有生命的名词的所有关系或有较多修饰语的名词。如:
a map of China 一张中国地图　the advice of my mom 我妈妈的建议　
the head of the little dog 小狗的头
3.双重所有格
(1)of+名词所有格。如:
a friend of my brother's我哥哥的一个朋友;some inventions of Edison's爱迪生的一些发明
(2)of+名词性物主代词。如:
a friend of mine我的一位朋友;a daughter of his 他的一个女儿
提示
双重所有格和一般所有格意义不同。如:
a photo of Tom's(照片属于汤姆,但是照片上的人不一定是汤姆);
a photo of Tom(照片上的人是汤姆本人)
对点训练　
( )1.My parents took me to the amusement park on　 Day.
There were so many exciting things to do there.
A.Children's B.Children
C.Child's D.Childs'
( )2.—Excuse me.I'd like to buy a dress.
—This way,please.　　　 clothes are on the third floor.
A.Men's B.Women's
C.Woman D.Men
A
B
( )3. 　　　 father is a pilot.He has been to many countries around the world.
A.Tony and Peter's B.Tony' and Peter
C.Tony's and Peter's D.Tony's and Peter
( )4.(2025四川达州)—Who left a notebook in the English club
—It's not 　　　.Maybe it's 　　　.
A.me;Jack's B.mine;Jack's C.mine;Jack
A
B
( )5.(2025黑龙江绥化)They all think my eyes look bigger than
　　　.
A.my brother B.my brothers
C.my brother's
C
追踪评价 提能力
一、语法选择
One day,Miss Ellis gave her students a new task.They had to see what would happen when they tried to make other
　1　 life happier.Everyone was excited and finished the task carefully.Each 　2　 did a really wonderful job,but what Carla did made everyone surprised.
Carla showed up with a small box several 　3　 later.
Everyone wanted to see what was in the box,but Carla would keep it a 　4　.She handed the small box to Miss Ellis.Then she turned the box upside down and 　5　 of photos fell out.Each had a different beautiful smile.Everyone who saw the smiles felt happy.
( )1.A.people　　 B.peoples　　　 C.people's
( )2.A.student B.students C.students'
( )3.A.day B.days C.days'
( )4.A.surprise B.surprises C.surprises'
( )5.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds'
C
A
B
A
B
二、完形填空
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is magic to me.My 　1　 in it came from my experiences.Years ago,I often had 　2　,and my life was seriously influenced.I tried different 　3　.However,none of them worked.Luckily,a doctor of TCM advised me to take some Chinese medicine.So I did.To my surprise,the 　4　 in my head was gone within a week.The helpful methods in TCM also took my wife 's interest.With her support,I started to run a website to introduce TCM.All these 　5　 with TCM led me to study ancient Chinese philosophy(哲学).It has inspired(启发) many TCM ideas.
( )1.A.progress B.service C.education D.interest
( )2.A.headaches B.backaches C.toothaches D.stomachaches
( )3.A.reasons B.methods C.styles D.languages
( )4.A.anger B.worry C.hunger D.pain
( )5.A.messages B.chances C.experiences D.reports
D
A
B
D
C
三、短文填空
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
语篇类型:说明文　难度: 　　建议用时:7 min 正确率:　　/10
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了中国的传统服饰马面裙。
　mean　　　protect　　　name　　　　woman
　best idea side fan
　book child luck celebrate
传统文化 马面裙Ma Mian Qun (horse face skirt) is a kind of traditional Chinese dress.The two 1.　 　 of Ma Mian Qun are pleated (有褶的),and there is a smooth part in the middle,commonly known as “Ma Mian”.
sides
Why is it called “Ma Mian” In fact,“Ma Mian” is a kind of structure used for 2.　 　 in the city wall system.However,all the 3.　 　 about Ma Mian Qun don‘t mention how Ma Mian Qun got its 4.　 　.
protection
books
name
Ma Mian Qun is colorful,mostly red and blue.Red means good 5.　 　 and joy.According to Han customs,6.　 　 usually wore red skirts during 7.　 　 of festivals.In the Qing Dynasty,blue was also common and popular,paired with black and yellow.Ma Mian Qun also has different kinds of patterns with different 8.　 　.
luck
women
celebrations
meanings
Recently,Ma Mian Qun has become a popular form of skirt for hanfu 9.　 　.More and more modern fashion designers find 10.　 　 from Ma Mian Qun.Even Western fashion has been influenced by Ma Mian Qun for many years.
fans
ideas
谢谢观赏！

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