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专题九　动词的非谓语形式
脉络构建 明考向
考点解读 释疑难
广东省卷近5年中考分析
考点 题型 2025年 2024年 2023年 2022年 2021年
接不定式 语法 选择 (37)decided to work in a restaurant (36)goes to the bookstores to buy (39)need to leave (34)told her to take (38)come to enjoy
短文 填空 (70)to explore the city (73)to drink/have tea
考点一　动词不定式
1.作主语
动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,其结构为:It+be+形容词(+for/of sb.)+动词不定式。
To learn English well is important.=It's important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。
2.作宾语
(1)不定式直接作宾语。
I hope to see him tomorrow.我希望明天能见到他。
巧学妙记
可跟不定式作宾语的动词(词组)
决心学会有希望(decide,learn,wish,hope,expect);
同意计划是需要(agree,plan,need);
胆敢拒绝会失败(dare,refuse,fail);
准备设法来帮忙(prepare,try,manage,help);
提供请求负担起(offer,beg,demand,afford);
想要答应安排理应当(want,would like,promise,arrange,be supposed);
以上后跟不定式,劝君牢记永不忘。
(2)在常用句型“find/think/make+it+adj.+to do sth.”中,it 作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,放在宾语补足语(adj.)后面。
I find it not easy to learn English.我发现学英语不容易。
3.作定语
动词不定式作定语,放在被修饰的名词后面。
I don't have a partner to practice English with.我没有一起练习英语的伙伴。
4.作宾语补足语
在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:want,wish,tell,ask,teach,encourage,invite,
allow,urge等。
My father never allows me to tell a lie.我父亲从不允许我撒谎。
My English teacher often encourages me to study hard.我的英语老师经常鼓励我努力学习。
5.作状语
I went to the shop to buy some food and drinks.我去商店买了一些食物和饮料。
6.常见的动词不定式的省略形式
(1)使役动词let,make,have和感官动词see,watch,feel,hear,notice等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但变为被动语态时必须补上to。
She heard Tom go upstairs.→Tom was heard to go upstairs by her.她听见汤姆上了楼。
(2)had better(not) do sth.意为“最好(不要)做某事”。
The baby is sleeping.You'd better not make much noise.那个婴儿正在睡觉。你最好别弄出太多噪声。
(3)Why not do... =Why don't you do... 表示“为何不做…… ”,用于提出建议。
Why not buy him a computer 为什么不给他买一台电脑
(4)would rather do...than do...意为 “宁愿做……而不愿做……”。
It's very hot today.I would rather stay at home than go out.今天天气很热。我宁愿待在家里也不愿外出。
7.疑问词+不定式
有些动词,如 ask,know,learn,decide,tell,show,teach等后面可接“疑问代词或疑问副词+不定式”作宾语。
Do you know how to do it 你知道该怎么做吗
I can tell you where to get this book.我可以告诉你在哪里可以买到这本书。
对点训练　
( )1.(2025 福建)We will attend the tea festival in our town
　　　 more about tea culture.
A.learning B.to learn C.learned
( )2.(2025 天津)The government is developing new plans
　　　 ancient buildings.
A.protect B.to protect
C.protects D.protected
B
B
( )3.(2025 江苏扬州)We should build on past achievements and work together 　　　 a better world.
A.make B.making
C.made D.to make
( )4. 　　　 healthy,we students always do morning exercises every day at school.
A.Keep B.To keep
C.Keeping D.Keeps
D
B
( )5.—Daddy,the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming.Could you please tell me 　　　 for my grandparents
—You can buy some mooncakes,fruit and flowers for them.
A.how to buy B.what to buy
C.where to buy D.when to buy
B
6.My sister hopes 　 　(study) medicine in Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
7.I'd love to go bike riding with Andy,but I have some homework 　 　(finish).
to study
to finish
考点二　动词的-ing形式
1.构成
动词原形+-ing(否定形式在前面加not)
2.用法
(1)作主语、表语、宾语、定语,起到名词的作用。
Eating too much is bad for your health.吃得太多对你的健康有害。
My mother's job is teaching.我母亲的工作是教学。
I don't mind listening to that story again.我不介意再听一遍那个故事。
Let's join the singing group.让我们加入合唱队吧。
巧学妙记
后常接动名词作宾语的动词(词组):
完成练习值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy);
继续习惯别放弃(keep,be used to,give up);
考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can't help,feel like);
喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind)。
(2)除了可以和be动词构成进行时外,还具有形容词和副词的作用,作定语、表语、状语或宾语补足语。
The movie was exciting.这部电影激动人心。
Don't eat while walking on the street.在街上走路时不要吃东西。
I saw a dog lying on the ground.我看到地上躺着一条狗。
3.比较:接动词-ing形式和动词不定式但意义不同的短语
对点训练　
( )1.We have to practice 　　　 English more often.It's useful when we're at work.
A.to speak B.speak
C.speaking D.spoke
( )2.The music is fantastic and it is well worth 　　　.
A.listening B.to listen to
C.listen D.listening to
C
D
( )3.—How do you improve your English listening skills
—I spend about twenty minutes 　　　　 English videos every day.
A.watch B.to watch
C.watching D.to watching
4.Good 　 　(eat) habits are important for our health. That means we'd better have a balanced diet and have three meals on time.
C
eating
5.The little girl stopped 　 　(cry) and began to laugh when she saw the funny face.
6.I saw Lily 　 　(dance) when I passed her room.
crying
dancing
考点三　动词的过去分词
1.作定语
分词作定语时,单个分词放在被修饰的名词前;分词短语则置于被修饰的名词之后。
Whose broken bike is that 那辆坏了的自行车是谁的
Do you know the boy called Jack 你认识那个叫杰克的男孩吗
2.作表语
表示人的心理、精神状态等。
He was very surprised at the news.他对这个消息很吃惊。
3.作宾语补足语
have/get sth.done表示“让别人做某事”,其中的过去分词作宾语补足语。
I'll have my bike repaired.我要找人修理我的自行车。
4.作状语
表示时间、原因、让步、方式、条件、伴随等。
Asked about his address,the boy didn't answer.当问及他的住址时,男孩没有回答。
Given more time,I would do the job much better.如果给我更多的时间,我会把这个工作做得更好。
对点训练　
( )1.—Do you know there are more than 3,000 languages
　　　 in the world
—Sorry,I have no idea.
A.speaking B.spoken
C.speak D.spoke
B
2.—There is something wrong with the TV.
—Don’t worry.I’ll get it 　 　(repair) this afternoon.
3.Nowadays,more and more customers prefer buying products
　 　(make) in China.
repaired
made
追踪评价 提能力
一、用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,有两词多余
cut　take　buy　leave　practise　laugh　watch　repair　
go　encourage　look　study　
1.We’ve missed the last bus.I’m afraid we have no choice but 　 　 a taxi.
2.I’m looking forward to 　 　 the new film.
to take
watching
3.She feels 　 　 out at the party,which makes her full of sadness.
4.I will have my car 　 　 tomorrow.
5.My mom often tells me that 　 　 to bed early is a good habit.
6.He was heard 　 　 singing the song for the competition.
7.This cartoon is so funny that I can't help 　 　 all the time.
left
repaired
going
to practise
laughing
8.This is the dictionary 　 　 yesterday in the bookstore.
9.The parents should consider 　 　 their children to tell the truth instead of telling lies about their mistakes.
10.It is important for students 　 　 hard in order to achieve their goals.
bought
encouraging
to study
二、语法选择
　　It is very important for everyone 　1　 healthy.Food,
sports and sleep make people healthy.Parents and teachers always encourage us 　2　 more fruit and vegetables.Parents also teach us 　3　 meals at home.So we'd better spend more time 　4　 meals with our family.And each of us must try our best 　5　 junk food.
Playing sports is also very necessary.Friends can do sports together,such as running,swimming or playing ball games at a 　6　 time.
　　If you have trouble 　7　,you should go to an experienced expert for help.
( )1.A.keep　　　 B.keeping　　　　　 C.to keep
( )2.A.eat B.eating C.to eat
( )3.A.how to cook B.where to cook C.why to cook
( )4.A.have B.having C.to have
( )5.A.avoiding B.to avoid C.avoid
( )6.A.fix B.fixing C.fixed
( )7.A.sleep B.sleeping C.to sleep
C
C
A
B
B
C
B
三、短文填空
A
请从方框内选择恰当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。
pay　come　pick　hold　collect　keep　hear　change　
Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition
In November of 2023,the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was 1.　 　 in Asia.Teams from 21 countries took part in it.According to the rules,each team will have 60 minutes 2.　 　 rubbish as much as possible.Britain finally won first prize.“We wish more people around the world
3.　 　 attention to environmental problems,”said a British team member.
held
to collect
to pay
When Ken,the founder(创始人) of the competition,was interviewed,he talked about how 4.　 　 up with the idea.Several years ago,he found many sea animals died after they ate the rubbish in the sea.So he started to pick up rubbish on his way to the beach every morning.
to come
“5.　 　 up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle's
(海龟的) life.It‘s also a good way 6.　 　 the beach clean.”In his eyes,7.　 　 people's thoughts about rubbish was more important.
“Picking up rubbish is meaningful and helpful,”added Ken.“Now,I am glad 8.　 　 that lots of people take part in it to protect our environment.”
Picking
to keep
changing
to hear
B
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词,每词仅用一次,有两词为多余项。
语篇类型:记叙文　难度: 　　 建议用时:8 min　正确率:　　/10
【文章大意】本文讲述了一位农民因为过于焦虑而拔苗助长,最终导致稻谷全部死亡的故事。
grow　　　　 still　　　　leave　　　　down　
stop up help something　
that worry plant what
(2025江西改编)Long long ago,there was a farmer who worked very hard.He was always 9.　 about different things.
worried　
One day,the farmer and his son planted rice together.They were happy when all the seeds(种子) were 10.　　 .Several days later,the seeds grew into the rice.Then he went to watch the rice 11.　 　 every day.Many days passed,but the rice 12.　 　 seemed the same.He began to get worried.
planted
grow
still
　　The farmer asked his neighbor for help,“I am worried about my rice.It seems to 13.　 　 growing!” His neighbor replied,“Nature will provide.Be patient.”
　　The farmer got worried again.“What if my rice never grows ” He thought and thought,“I must find a way to
14.　 　 my rice grow faster.I think the rice really needs my help.I must do 15.　 　!” The next morning,the farmer ran to the rice field,and pulled the rice 16.　 　 a few inches(英寸) one by one.
stop
help
something
up
　　The next day,the farmer went to the field and found
17.　 　 all the rice was dead.All the hard work had gone to waste,and there was no rice 18.　 　 to be saved.
that
left
谢谢观赏！

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