资源简介 第一部分 语法专题突破专题十一 动词的语态(6年3考) 知识导图 考 点 精 讲 1. 被动语态的构成(1)构成:be+动词的过去分词。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。(2)不同时态的被动语态结构:被动语态结构例句主动语态被动语态一般现在时的被动语态(2019.32)am/is /are+doneConfucius's ideas still influence us.We're still influenced by Confucius's ideas.[九(上)Module 7 P60]一般过去时的被动语态(2014.45)was/were+doneWe didn't choose Daming for the team last time.Daming wasn't chosen for the team last time.[九(上)Module 8 P68]一般将来时的被动语态will /shall/be going to+be+doneMy bike is broken.I will fix it tomorrow.My bike is broken. It will be fixed tomorrow.[九(上)Module 9 P76]现在完成时的被动语态(2017.37)have/has+been+doneHe has painted the door.The door has been painted.含情态动词的被动语态can/must/should+be+doneWe must solve the problem soon.The problem must be solved soon.2. 被动语态的用法在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,主要用于下列几种情况:(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如:This watch is made in China.(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如:Many trees must be planted every year.(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如:Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.(强调汉语的广泛使用)(4)句子的主语是动作的承受者。如:Many houses were washed away by the flood.3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法【速记口诀】宾变主,主变宾,谓语动词用被动。步骤一:把原主动语态中的宾语转换为被动语态中的主语。步骤二:把原谓语动词改为“be+动词过去分词”的形式。be动词的人称和数要随着新的主语(原句中的宾语)而改变,同时be动词的时态不变。不论是什么时态,被动语态的句子都必定要有一个be动词。步骤三:原来主动语态中的主语如需强调,就放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现,以强调发出动作的人或物。如果没有必要,则可以省略。步骤四:其他成分(定语、状语)不变。4. 主动结构表被动意义的情况(1)look, feel, sound, smell, taste等系动词+形容词。如:The song sounds wonderful. (2)sell, open, wash, write, clean, read, cut, close等词作不及物动词时,主语为物,一般与well, easily等副词连用,可用主动语态表被动含义。如:This kind of shirts sell well here.The shop closes at 6 p.m. every day.(3)某些动词(词组)中,用v.-ing形式作宾语,表被动含义,如:need/want/require doing(to be done)“需要被做”;be worth doing“值得做”。如:The radio needs repairing(to be repaired).This book is worth reading.拓展 不能使用被动语态的情况(1)不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态,常见的有:happen, take place, belong to等。如:The accident happened last night.(2)表示状态的动词没有被动语态,常见的有:have, own, fail, cost, fit, last(持续)等。如:The trousers fit me well.(3)祈使句一般没有被动语态。(4)反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动语态。(5)由“动词+名词”构成的英语习语(如:make friends)没有被动语态。综 合 提 升 柳州6年真题(2014~2019)1. (2019柳州32题)This book ________ by children.A. loves B. loved C. is loved2. (2017柳州37题)Although we don't know what was discussed, we can feel the topic ________.A. has changed B. was changed C. has been changed3. (2014柳州45题)Tony, as well as his parents ________ visit the company yesterday. A. was invited to B. were invited C. invited to 广西其他地市6年真题精选4. (2019桂林36题)As we know, printing ________ during the Sui and Tang Dynasties in China.A. invented B. is invented C. was invented5. (2019河池37题)Look at the flowers on both sides of the streets. They ________ last month.A. were planted B. are plantedC. are planting D. were planting6. (2018桂林40题)If you use mobile phone while driving, you ________ by police.A. are caught B. will catch C. will be caught7. (2017北部湾经济区38题)I think all the heavy and difficult jobs ________ by machines and robots in the future.A. do B. will doC. are done D. will be done8. (2014桂林40题)Shakespeare's plays ________ by millions of people every year.A. were seen B. are seen C. are seeing9. (2016河池36题)Your name ________ on your test paper correctly.A. wrote B. must writeC. will write D. must be written 增补训练10. Tea, the most popular drink in the world, ________ by accident in China.A. discovered B. is discovered C. was discovered11. A baby's first month celebration is a special event in China and ________ with a special party.A. celebrates B. is celebrated C. was celebrated12. Don't worry. Our bags ________ here until we come back. So just enjoy shopping.A. have kept B. were kept C. will be kept13. This book is a best seller. So it________ into many languages so far. A. translated B. will be translated C. has been translated 14. Come on, guys! This project ________ in two days. We have to hurry up.A. must be finished B. must finish C. must finished 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览