资源简介 第一部分 语法专题突破专题十二 非谓语动词 知识导图 考 点 精 讲 考点 1 动词不定式(6年5考) 1. 基本形式:to+动词原形,有时可以不用to,to为不定式符号,本身无意义。其否定结构为:not+to+动词原形。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。2. 基本用法(1)作主语(2015.43)不定式作主语时,往往用形式主语it代替,而将真正的主语放在句末,避免句子头重脚轻。如:To learn a foreign language is not easy.=It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语并不容易。拓展 It代替不定式作形式主语的句型①It is +adj.+of sb. to do sth. “某人做某事真是……了” ②It is +adj.+for sb. to do sth. “对某人来说做某事怎么样”③It's one's turn to do sth. “轮到某人做某事了” ④It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. “某人花(了)多长时间做某事” (2)作宾语(2016.43)不定式一般用在及物动词后作宾语。其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语,而将不定式后置。如:You may find it useful to draw a timeline and write notes about each event. 你或许会发现画一个时间表和记录每一个事件是很有用的。[八(下)Module 10 P82](it是形式宾语,不定式to draw a timeline and write notes about each event是真正的宾语,useful是宾语补足语)常见接动词不定式作宾语的有(v.+to do sth.):agree同意afford负担得起 would like想要decide决定expect期望hope/wish希望want想要learn学习manage完成;应付begin开始prepare准备promise承诺pretend假装plan计划refuse拒绝(3)作宾语补足语(2017.39)①在“动词+宾语+不定式”结构中,不定式作宾语补足语。变为被动语态时,宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语。如:It allows people to get closer to them. 这使人们能更加接近他们。[八(上)Module 6 P46]→People are allowed to get closer to them. 常见接动词不定式作宾语补足语的有(v.+sb. to do sth.):tell告诉ask要求invite邀请warn警告want想要teach教allow允许force强迫expect期望help帮助advise建议persuade说服②使役动词let, make, have和表示感官的动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel等后要用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语(2017.39)。但是,当上述动词变为被动语态时,其后的to要补上。如:We often hear her sing. →She is often heard to sing by us.我们经常听见她唱歌。【速记口诀】一感(feel), 二听(listen to, hear),三让(let, make, have),四看(look at, see, watch, notice)。(4)作定语动词不定式作定语时,放在被修饰的名词的后面,作后置定语。如:I don't have a partner to practise speaking English.我没有一个可以和我一起练习说英语的同伴。(5)作状语(2019.35,2014.44)不定式作状语主要表示原因、目的和结果等。如:I'm sorry to hear you were ill.听到你病了的消息我感到难过。(不定式表原因)To arrive on time, he got up very early.为了按时到达,他很早就起床了。(不定式表目的)She is old enough to travel all by herself.她已经到了可以独自旅行的年龄了。(不定式表结果)拓展 动词不定式的特殊句型①It's time to do sth.是做某事的时候了。②too...to... 表示“太……而不能……”。③...enough to... 表示“……足够……”。④prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 表示“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。⑤had better+(not)+省略to的不定式,表示“最好(不)做……”。⑥Will/Could/Would you please+省略to的不定式?表示“请你做……好吗?”。⑦Why don't you +省略to的不定式?=Why not +省略to的不定式?表示“你为什么不……?”。考点 2 动名词(2019.40,2015.39) 1. 基本形式:v.-ing,它与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质,也有名词的性质。2. 基本用法用法说明例句作主语动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数Saying so much is useless.说这么多没有用。作宾语动词宾语动词enjoy,practice,finish,mind等后接动名词作宾语(2019.40, 2015.39)Kids there really enjoy playing football.那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。[九(下)Module 2 P10]介词宾语短语be interested in,be proud of,be worth,give up等后接动名词作宾语I have no experience in teaching English.我没有教英语的经验。作定语通常位于名词前We need a washing machine.我们需要一台洗衣机。作表语表示主语具有抽象名词特性Seeing is believing.眼见为实。3. 常见接动名词的词汇或句型:词汇avoid避免, consider考虑, enjoy喜欢, finish完成, imagine 想象, keep坚持, mind介意, suggest建议, practice练习, miss想念be busy doing sth.忙于做某事be worth doing sth.值得做某事 be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事can't/couldn't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事keep on doing sth.继续做某事look forward to doing sth. 期待做某事feel like doing sth.想要做某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事句型How/What about doing sth.?做某事怎么样?What do you think of doing sth.?你认为做某事怎么样?Thanks for doing sth.感谢做某事。Would you mind(sb./one's) doing sth.? 你介意(某人)做某事吗?sb. spend(s)/spent some time (in) doing sth.某人花费时间做某事。There is no need/use/harm(in) doing sth.做某事没有必要/没有用/没有坏处。【巧学妙记】完成练习值得忙(finish, practise, be worth, be busy)继续习惯别放弃(keep on, be used to, give up)考虑建议不禁想(consider, suggest, can't help, feel like)喜欢思念要介意(enjoy, miss, mind)拓展 既可接不定式又可接动名词的动词综 合 提 升 柳州6年真题面对面(2014~2019)1. (2019柳州35题)He ran as fast as he could ________ the bus but he failed.A. catch B. to catch C. caught2. (2016柳州43题)Lucy and Lily decided ________ their aunt in the countryside. A. see B. to see C. seeing3. (2015柳州43题)It's time ________ home now. A. go B. goes C. to go4. (2014柳州44题)Don't worry, Mrs. Brown. We promise to do what we can ________ your lost son. A. find B. to find C. finding5. (2019柳州40题)Lily enjoys ________ a film at the weekend.A. see B. to see C. seeing6. (2015柳州39题)—Shall we go ________ tomorrow, dad? —Good idea.A. swam B. swimming C. swim7. (2017柳州39题)Let's ________ home. It's late now. A. go B. going C. to go 广西其他地市6年真题精选8. (2019河池33题)My parents don't allow me ________ TV on school nights.A. to watch B. watch C. watches D. watching9. (2018贵港37题)—Sam, don't forget ________ the book to the library tomorrow.—OK, I won't.A. return B. returningC. returned D. to return10. (2015南宁32题) The WWF is working hard ________ the animals in danger.A. save B. to saveC. saves D. saved11. (2018梧州33题)Jim went to the library ________ some science magazines yesterday.A. borrow B. borrowsC. to borrow D. borrowed12. (2017桂林36题)The zoo asks the visitors ________ the animals.A. not feed B. not to feed C. don't feed13. (2019桂林37题)________ more books, and you will improve your reading skills.A. Reading B. Read C. Reads14. (2017来宾40题)Linda works hard and she practices ________ English every day.A. speak B. speaksC. speaking D. to speak15. (2019桂林34题)Time is limited! You'd better ________ your time any more.A. not to waste B. waste C. not waste 增补训练16. Harry invited me ______ with him when his parents were out of town.A. stay B. to stay C. staying17. We set up this group ________ disabled people like Ben Smith.A. help B. to help C. helping18. The workers are busy ________ windows of the new building these days.A. fix B. to fix C. fixing19. The man lost his key. It made him ________ in the cold to wait for his wife's return.A. to stay B. stayed C. stay20. I have a cold. I don't feel like ________ anything.A. to eat B. eat C. eating 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览