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1038860010160000Unit1 Topic2
Section A
1.help sb.=do sb. a favor=give sb. a hand帮助某人
2.Could you(please)do?=Would you (please )do?表请求
---Could/Would you please give me some water?---Sure/Of course.
3.fall ill得病，生病，强调的是动作，由健康到生病的过程，fell是fall的过去式。
be ill有病的，得病的，强调的是一种状态。
fall ill生病，得病，feel ill感觉不舒服，强调的是一种身体感受。
Eg：She is ill now.她正病着。
Don’t work too hard,or you will fall ill.工作不要太辛苦了，否则你会生病。
Are you feeling ill?你现在觉得不舒服吗？
4.will表示意愿，常用于第一人称，意为：想...，将要....
I’ll tell them.我会告诉他们。I’ll do it right away.我马上就做。
I won’t do it again.我不会再这样做了。I’ll pay it more quietly.我会更小声地弹。
5.I’d be glad to.我十分乐意。
be glad to do sth.=be pleased to do sth.乐意做某事，高兴做某事
We are glad to see you again.我们很高兴再次见到你。
6.Would/Do you mind+doing sth.?你介意做某事吗？/如果...可以吗？/请你...好不好？常用来表示委婉的请求，或用来表示希望得到对方的许可。
回答时如果表示“可以”，要说Not at all./Of course not./Certainly not./No problem.当然不介意。如果表示“介意，反对”，则常说Sorry./I’m sorry about that./I’m afraid you can’t./Yes./You'd better not.
Eg：-Would you mind giving me some water?-Not at all./Of course not.不介意。
Would you mind+if引导的从句=Do you mind+if引导的从句:如果....，你介意吗？do不如would客气。
Eg：Do/Would you mind if I sit here?如果我坐在这，你介意吗？
mind+名词/代词+动名词
Would you mind my smoking?你介意我抽烟吗？
否定形式：mind not+doing sth.
-Would you mind not throwing bottles around?你不要乱扔瓶子好吗？
-I’m sorry about that.I won’t do it again. throw around四处乱扔
7.practice（动词）练习practice sth.练习某物practice doing sth.练习做某事
（名词）Practice makes perfect.孰能生巧。
8.kick（动词）踢kick sth. to sb.=kick sb. sth.把某物踢给某人
pass（动词）传递pass sth. to sb.=pass sb. sth.把某物传给某人
经过，通过。I pass a beautiful garden everyday on my way home.每天我回家的路上都会经过一个漂亮的花园。
（考试，测试）及格，合格。With the teachers’ help,I passed the exam at last.
在老师们的帮助下，我最终考试及格了。
9.在英语中，有些动词可以跟两个宾语，一个叫间接宾语，一个叫直接宾语。常见的能跟双宾语的动词有：bring,throw,buy,lend,find,make,pass,teach,tell,write等。
结构：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
（1）直接宾语表示动作作用的对象，通常指的是物；间接宾语表示动作所指向的人，一般人在前，物在后。
Eg：He gave me a ticket.他给了我一张票。
My mother bought me a computer. 我的妈妈给我买了一台电脑。
（2）如果物在前，人在后，则由介词to, for等引出，成为介词间接宾语。
Eg：He gave a ticket to me. 他给了我一张票。
My mother bought a computer for me. 我的妈妈给我买了一台电脑。
（3）如果直接宾语和间接宾语同时使用代词时，需由介词引出间接宾语。
Eg：He gave me it.（误）He gave it to me.（正）
10.keep (sb. )doing sth（使某人）继续做某事Keep trying.继续努力。
keep doing sth.强调状态的继续，常与延续性动词或表示静止状态的动词连用，表示不间断地持续做某事。（一直做某事）
Eg：He kept talking for about an hour.他连续讲了一小时。
keep on doing sth.反复地做某事，表示动作的反复，强调动作与动作之间有间隔，常与表示短暂动作的动词连用。（坚持做某事）
Eg：They kept on laughing all the time.他们总是会时不时的笑。（不是一直在笑）
Section B
1.lose丢失，输掉lose a game/a race/a battle输掉比赛/赛跑/战斗
lose to a team/sb.输给某队/某人
2.What do/does ...mean?：...是什么意思？
Eg：What does this word mean?这个单词是什么意思？
What do you mean by...?=What does...mean?=What’s the meaning of...?
3.shout喊叫shout at sb.对某人大呼小叫，冲某人（生气地）喊叫
shout to sb.朝某人高声喊，多指因距离远，对方无法听见，无训人之意。
4.do well in sth/doing sth.=be good at sth./doing sth.在某方面做得好、出色
I do well in singing,but my sister isn’t good at it.
better是well/good的比较级 do better in=be better at在某方面更好了
5.do one’s best (to do sth.)=try one’s best (to do sth.)尽某人最大的努力（去做某事）
6.be angry with sb.生某人的气be angry at /about sth.因某事而生气
be angry with sb. for doing sth.因某人做某事而生气
Eg：My father was angry with me last night.我爸爸昨晚生我的气。
The teacher is angry at /about his answer.老师对他的回答很生气。
The teacher is angry with him for coming to school late.老师因他上学迟到而生气。
7.each other彼此，互相
8.say sorry to sb.向某人道歉say hello/thanks/goodbye to sb.向某人问好/致谢/道别
9.be sorry for ...：为...感到遗憾/后悔/抱歉。for后面可以是名词、代词、从句或动名词
10.be sure to do sth.确信要做某事（表示将来） It’s sure to rain.肯定要下雨。
be sure about/of sth.确信或对某事有把握
11.have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得开心、玩得高兴、获得乐趣
have fun doing sth.从做某事中获得乐趣
12.fight（名词）打架,争论have a fight (with sb.)（和某人）打了一架/和某人争论
have a fight with sb.=fight with sb.（fight动词，与某人打架/争论，过去式fought）
fight against同...做斗争fight back还击，抵抗
13.with the help of在...的帮助下with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的帮助下
Section C
1.one of+可数名词的复数形式：....之一。此短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。One of my favorite subjects is English.我最喜欢的科目之一是英语。
2.over=more than多于...
3.so that结果，以至于；为了，以便so...that如此...以至于
Jane got up early so that she could catch the early bus.简起得早以便能赶上早班车。
Tom left the book at home so that he went back home again.汤姆把书落在家里了，结果他又回家去拿了。
4.come into being形成5.indoor室内的outdoor室外的
6.both...and二者都...，既...又...，这个短语作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Both my father and my mother are teachers.我的父亲和母亲都是老师。
7.through（介词）通过，穿过，指从物体的中间通过，穿过。across（介词）通过，穿过，指从物体的表面通过，穿过
8.stop...from doing sth.阻止....做某事
The bad weather may stop us from playing basketball.糟糕的天气可能阻碍我们打篮球。
9.any后接可数名词单数形式或不可数名词，意为“任何，任一”
10.follow the rules遵守规则，遵循规则follow（动词）跟随，遵从，理解，领会
11.It is important for sb. to do sth.做某事对某人很重要
12.score（动词）得分，进分（名词）得分，分数
13.a number of=many许多，大量的，number前可以有修饰语great/large/small,其后接名词的复数形式；当a number of+可数名词复数在句中作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。the number of...：...的数目(数量),其后接名词的复数形式；当the number of+可数名词复数在句中作主语时，其谓语动词用单数。
a (large,great,good) number of=large numbers of大量,许多
a small number of一小部分，不能用little修饰。
Eg:A small number of students are going to visit Hong Kong.
The number of the students in this school is 5000.
14.练习：
（1）--Would you mind helping me with my English?--_______.Let’s go and practice.
A.Not at all B.Don’t mind C.I’m sorry D.Sure
（2）When the children saw the______film,they became________.
A.exciting;exciting B.excited;excited C.exciting;excited D.excited;exciting
He_______yesterday.I hope he’ll be well soon.
A.fall ill B.falls ill C.fell ill D.fells ill
He always watches TV for a long time after school.His mother is ______.
A.so happy B.angry with him C.kind to him D.friendly
You lied to your mother yesterday.You must say________her.
A.hello to B.sorry to C.sorry for D.sorry
（6）---I’m sorry I broke your pen.---________.I have another one.
A.You’re welcome B.That’s right C.It’s nothing D.Too bad
---_________do you play sports?---Once a week.
A.How long B.How often C.How many D.How much
Section D
1.such as例如...，表示举例。such as后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西。
I know four languages,such as Chinese and English.我懂四种语言，例如汉语和英语。（正）
I know four languages,such as Chinese,Japanese,Germany and English.我懂四种语言，例如汉语、日语、德语和英语。（误）
2.just for fun只为开心/乐趣
3.with（介词）有，带有，表示某物带有或具有某种特征。
（1）和；与；跟。I like going shopping with my mother,我喜欢和妈妈一起去购物。
（2）具有；有...特征。
Eg：She is a beautiful girl with big eyes.她是一个漂亮姑娘，长者一双大眼睛。
（3）用(工具，手段等)。You can throw the ball with your hands.你可以用手投球。
（4）表示关系和适应范围，意为“关于...；就...”
What’s wrong with you?你怎么了？
4.turn...into使...变成
5.point to...指向远处的事物
The policeman pointed to the man and shouted out“stop”.警察指着远处的那个男人，大声地喊着“站住”。
point at...指着近处的事物
The teacher pointed at the map and said,“Beijing is here.”老师指着地图说：“北京就在这里。”

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