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Unit
4
Life
on
Mars
重要知识点讲解
Welcome
to
the
unit
一、重点表达
私人文件
private
papers?
被熨烫平整
be
smoothly
ironed
让……感到满意
be
satisfied
with
免费
for
free
……的价格
the
price
of
请人检查某物
have
sth.
checked
给某人接通电话
put
sb.
through
一封投诉信a
complaint
letter
最多
at
most
后悔做了某事
regret
doing
sth.
接受我们的新产品
accept
our
new
product
达到标准
up
to
standard
首先
first
of
all
让它试一试
first
of
all
期待做某事
look
forward
to
doing
sth.
Reading
一、重点表达
all
over
again
?再一次
at
a/the
speed
of
以……的速度
in
the
form
of
?以……的形式
compare
with
与……比
It
is
hoped
that…
人们希望
Here
is
what
life
there
could
be
like.
这就是那里的生活。
Our
spacecraft
are
too
slow
to
carry…我们的飞船太慢了而不能……
Robots
would
do
most
of
their
work
so
that…
机器人会做大部分的工作，以便……
air
tank
氧气罐
dried
food
干粮
power
pack
电源包
sleeping
bag
睡袋
(all)
over
again
再；重新
all
a/the
speed
of
以……的速度
in
the
form
of
以……的形式
compare
to/with
与……相比
二、Our
own
planet,
the
Earth,
is
becoming
more
and
more
crowded
and
polluted.
我们自己的星球——地球，正变得越来越拥挤和污染。
[点拨]
more
and
more
crowded
?
越来越拥挤
more,
most
放在多音节形容词、副词前面，帮助构成比较级和最高级。
如：more
beautiful,
?most
slowly
这里，more
and
more
用来加强程度，表示越来越怎么样。相当于：more
crowded
and
more
crowded；而短形容词则这样构成：bigger
and
bigger?
三、At
present,
our
spacecraft
are
too
slow
to
carry
large
numbers
of
passengers
to
Mars.
目前，我们的宇宙飞船太慢了，无法运送大批的乘客去火星。
[点拨]
1.Large
numbers
of
表示“大量的”=
a
large
number
of
=
many，修饰可数名词，做主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
Large
numbers
of
people
go
travelling
during
the
National
Day
holiday.
the
number
of
……的数目
The
number
of
the
population
of
china
is
1.3
million.
2....too
+adj.+
to
do
=
...
so
...
that
...can’t
...=
...
adj.
+enough
to
do
...
Sandy
太小了而不能去上学。
Sandy
is
too
young
to
go
to
school.
Sandy
is
so
young
that
she
can’t
go
to
school.
Sandy
is
not
old
enough
to
go
to
school.
四、With
the
development
of
technology,
by
the
year
2100,
the
journey
might
only
y
take
about
20
minutes
in
spacecraft
that
travel
at
the
speed
of
light!
随着技术的发展，到2100年，乘坐以光速飞行的宇宙飞船，行程或许只要大约20分钟！
[点拨]
1.介词with短语，在句中常用作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、伴随、方式等。
I
was
second
in
the
race
with
a
time
of
14.2
seconds.我以14.2秒的成绩在比赛中位列第二。
2.at
the
speed
of
以……的速度
at
high
speed
高速
at
full
speed
全速
五、The
gravity
on
Mars
is
only
about
three-eighths
of
that
on
Earth.
火星上的重力只有地球的八分之三。
[点拨]
Three-eighths
八分之三
分数在英语中通常是借助于基数词和序数词来共同表达的。其中基数词表示分子，序数词表示分母。如：
one-tenth
?十分之一
a
third
?三分之一
[注意]
1）分子除用one外，也可用a，如果分子大于1，分母要用复数形式。
two
thirds
?三分之二
four
fifths
?五分之四
2）1/2不能说a
(one)
second,
而要说
a
(one)
half。1/4和3/4可以说
a
(one)
fourth
和
three
fourths,
但常用a
quarter
和
three
quarters表示。
六、Life
on
Mars
would
be
better
in
some
ways.
火星上的生命在某些方面会更好。
[点拨]
in
some
ways;
某些方面
in
many
ways;
很多方面
by
the
way
顺带一提
Grammar
一、状语从句和简单句之间的转换
我们可以用介词短语把状语从句转换为简单句。
1.
because
引导的原因状语从句用短语because
of可转换成简单句。
He
was
late
for
school
because
it
rained
heavily.?
He
was
late
for
school
because
of
the
heavy
rain.
2.
if
not/no引导的条件状语从句可借助without短语转化为简单句。
Humans
cannot
survive
if
there
is
no
food,
water
or
oxygen.?
Humans
cannot
survive
without
food,
water
or
oxygen.
3.
时间状语从句可借助介词短语转化为简单句。
I
could
swim
when
I
was
eight
years
old.?
I
could
swim
at
the
age
of
eight.
4.
so
that引导的目的状语从句可用“in
order
to”或“so
as
to”转换为简单句。
He
decided
to
buy
a
camera
online
so
that
she
could
receive
it
soon.?
He
decided
to
buy
a
camera
online
in
order
to/
so
as
to
receive
it
soon.
5.
so…that…引导的结果状语从句的可用“…enough
to
do”
结构变成简单句。
This
hall
is
so
large
that
it
can
hold
2000
people.?
This
hall
is
large
enough
to
hold
2000
people.
二、宾语从句和简单句之间的转换
我们可以用介词把状语从句转换为简单句。
The
photos
remind
me
that
I
traveled
to
the
UK
five
years
ago.
The
photos
remind
me
of
my
trip
to
the
UK
five
years
ago.
[注意]
常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：
Remind
somebody
of….
使某人想起…….
Be
sure/certain
about
…
对……确信
三、定语从句和简单句之间的转换
我们可以用介词把定语从句转换为简单句。
The
girl
who
is
in
a
hat
is
Lucy
King.
The
girl
in
a
hat
is
Lucy
King.
I
prefer
to
stay
in
a
hotel
room
which
has
a
sea
view.
I
prefer
to
stay
in
a
hotel
room
with
a
sea
view.
Integrated
Skills
一、重点表达
carry
out
开展，执行
percentage
of
students学生的比例
move
away
from
the
earth
搬离地球
worry
about担心，担忧
be
afraid
of
aliens
害怕外星人
be
worth
the
risk?值得冒险
after
all
毕竟，终究
a
different
kind
of
life
一种不同的生活
Task
一、重点表达
float
in
the
air
飘在空中
no
air
pollution
每天空气污染
online
games
在线游戏
prefer
to
do
更喜欢做……
public
transport
system
公共交通系统
2

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