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专题20
语法填空
I、20年高考真题
（20·全国甲卷·语法填空）
The
Xi'an
City
Wall
is
the
most
complete
city
wall
that
has
survived
China's
long
history.
It
___1___
(build)
originally
to
protect
the
city
___2___
the
Tang
dynasty
and
has
now
been
completely
restored
(修复).
It
is
possible
___3___
(walk)
or
bike
the
entire
14
kilometers.
We
accessed
the
wall
through
the
South
Gate.
The
wall
is
12
meters
high
and
from
here
you
can
see
streams
of
people
moving
inside
and
outside
the
City
Wall.
After
___4___
(spend)
some
time
looking
at
all
the
defensive
equipment
at
the
wall,
we
decided
it
was
time
for
some
action
and
what
___5___
(good)
than
to
ride
on
a
piece
of
history!
We
___6___
(hire)
our
bikes
from
the
rental
place
at
the
South
Gate.
My
bike
was
old
and
shaky
___7___
did
the
job.
It
took
us
about
3
hours
to
go
all
___8___
way
around
the
Xi'an
City
Wall.
Supposedly
you
can
do
it
in
two
hours,
but
we
stopped
at
the
different
gates
and
___9___
(watchtower)
to
fake
pictures
or
just
to
watch
the
local
people
going
about
their
____10____
(day)
routines.
【答案】
1.
was
built
2.
in/during
3.
to
walk
4.
spending
5.
better
6.
hired
7.
but
8.
the
9.
watchtowers
10.
daily
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。
1.考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be
done），根据句意和时间状语the
Tang
dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was
built。
2.考查介词。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”可用介词in/during。故填in/during。
3.考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it
+be+adj+to
do
sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to
walk。
4.考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
5.考查形容词比较级。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连（介）词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。
6.考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。
7.考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did
the
job和前文My
bike
was
old
and
shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
8.考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all
the
way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
9.考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。
10.考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。
（20·全国乙卷·语法填空）
Ecotourism
is
commonly
regarded
as
low
impact(影响)travel
to
undisturbed
places.
It
is
different
from
traditional
tourism
because
it
allows
the
traveler
to
become
___1___
(educate)about
the
areas
-
both
in
terms
of
geographical
conditions
and
cultural
characteristics,
and
often
provides
money
for
conservation
and
benefits
the
___2___(develop)of
the
local
areas.
Ecotourism
has
___3___(it)origin
with
the
environmental
movement
of
the
1970s.
It
was
not
widely
accepted
as
a
travel
concept
___4___
the
late
1980s.
During
that
time,
increasing
environmental
awareness
made
it
desirable.
Due
to
___5___
growing
popularity
of
environmentally-related
and
adventure
travel,
various
types
___6___
trips
are
now
being
classified
as
ecotourism.
Actually,
a
true
eco-friendly
trip
must
meet
the
following
principles:
·Minimize
the
impact
of
___7___(visit)the
place.
·Build
respect
for
and
awareness
of
the
environment
and
cultural
practices.
·Provide
___8___(finance)aid
and
other
benefits
for
local
peoples.
·Make
sure
that
the
tourism
provides
experiences
for
both
the
visitors
and
the
hosts.
Komodo
National
Park,
officially
recognized
in
1980,
is
popular
for
ecotourism
because
of
its
unique
biodiversity.___9___(activity)there
range
from
whale
watching
to
hiking(远足)and
accommodations
aim
____10____(have)
a
low
impact
on
the
natural
environment.
【答案】
1.
educated
2.
development
3.
its
4.
until
5.
the
6.
of
7.
visiting
8.
financial
9.
Activities
10.
to
have
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述生态旅游通常被认为是到原始地区的低影响旅游。但是由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。实际上，生态旅游必须满足一些规定。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，故填educated。
2.考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
3.考查代词。句意：生态旅游起源于20世纪70年代的环境运动。根据空格后名词origin可知，此处形容词性物主代词来修饰名词origin。故填its。
4.考查固定句型。句意：直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知，此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”，表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。
5.考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing
popularity
of
environmental-related
and
adventure
travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
6.考查介词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。various
types
of
为固定搭配表示“各种各样的”，所以空格处应填of。故填of。
7.考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
8.考查形容词。句意：为当地人民提供财政援助和其他福利。根据空后名词aid可知，空格处应填形容词来修饰名词aid，finance的形容词形式为financial。故填financial。
9.考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activities。
10考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim
to
do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to
have。
（20·新高考I卷·语法填空）
Going
to
Mount
Huangshan
reminds
me
of
the
popular
Beatles’
song“The
Long
and
Winding
Road”.
___1____is
so
breathtaking
about
the
experience
is
the
out-of-this-world
scenes.
The
rolling
sea
of
clouds
you
see
once
you
are
at
the
top
will
remind
you
how
tiny
we
____2____
(human)
are.
The
hot
spring
at
the
foot
of
the
mountain
is
something
you
must
try
after
the
climb.
It
will
____3___(undoubted)
help
you
get
refreshed!
The
amazing
thing
about
the
spring
is
that
the
colder
the
temperature
gets,
the
____4____
(hot)
the
spring!
Strange,
isn’t
it?
But
that’s
how
nature
is
—
always
leaving
us
___5____(astonish).
What
comes
next
is
the
endless
series
of
steps.
You
can’t
help
wondering
how
hard
it
____6____
(be)
for
the
people
then
to
put
all
those
rocks
into
place.
Though
it
is
the
only
unnatural
thing
on
your
way
up
the
mountain,
still
it
highlights
the
whole
adventure
___7____offers
a
place
where
you
can
sit
down
to
rest
your
____8____
(ache)
legs.
As
the
song
goes,
this
long
and
winding
road
“will
never
disappear”,
and
it
will
always
stick
in
the
visitor’s
memory.
It
sure
does
in
____9____(I).While
you’re
in
China,
Mount
Huangshan
is
____10____
must
to
visit!
【答案】
1.
What
2.
humans
3.
undoubtedly
4.
hotter
5.
astonished
6.
was
7.
and
8.
aching
9.
mine
10.
a
【解析】本文属于说明文。文章介绍黄山的三种代表性的事物——云海，温泉以及台阶。
1.考查主语从句。句意：这次经历的惊人之处在于这世界之外的景色。此处是主语从句，从句缺乏主语，应用what引导，指代“经历的事情”。故填What。
2.考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。
3.考查副词。句意：它无疑会帮助你恢复精神！修饰动词help，应用副词undoubtedly“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。
4.考查形容词比较级。句意：关于黄山温泉让人惊讶的是，气温越低，温泉越暖和。此处是固定结构“the
+比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。故填hotter。
5.考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave
+宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astonished。
6.考查一般过去时。句意：你不禁会想，对当时的人们来说，把这些石头都安置好有多难。分析句子可知，“how
hard
it
61
(be)
for
the
people
then
to
put
all
those
rocks
into
place”作wonder的宾语，it是从句的形式主语，不定式为真正主语，谓语动词用单数形式，安置台阶的石头为陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填was。
7.考查连词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子可知，“highlights
the
whole
adventure”与“offers
a
place”部分为并列关系，都是作it的谓语，故用并列连词and。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用现在分词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
9.考查代词。句意：正如歌中所唱，这条漫长而曲折的道路“永远不会消失”，它将永远留在游客的记忆中。对我来说确实如此。根据前一句“it
will
always
stick
in
the
visitor's
memory”可知，本句为does指代前一句的stick，本句缺乏宾语，应用名词性物主代词mine指代my
memory。故填mine。
10考查冠词。句意：当你在中国的时候，黄山是一个你一定要去的地方。must作名词时，意为“绝对必要的事物”，为可数名词，此处泛指“一个必须去的地方”，应用不定冠词，must是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。
（20·浙江卷·语法填空）
It
doesn't
impress
like
George
Washington's
plantation
on
the
Potomac,
but
Lincoln's
home
in
downtown
Springfield,
Illinois,
___1___
（prove）irresistible
to
visitors
since
it
opened
to
the
public.
Beautifully
restored（修复）to
its
1860
appearance,
the
house
was
Abraham
and
Mary
Lincoln's
home
for
17
years.
In
1844
they
bought
it
___2___
$1,200
and
some
land
from
Charles
Dresser,
who
performed
their
___3___
（marry）ceremony
in
1842.
When
the
house
was
built,
it
was
much
__4___
（small）than
it
is
today.
Mary's
niece
wrote,
"The
little
home
___5___
（paint）white.
It
was
sweet
and
fresh.
Mary
loved
it.
She
was
extremely
pretty,
and
her
house
was
a
reflection
of
__6___
（she）,
everything
in
good
taste
and
in
perfect
order.
Although
Mary
loved
flowers,
___7___
she
nor
her
husband
was
known
as
a
gardener.
A
long-
time
neighbor
said
they
never
planted
trees
and
only
kept
a
garden
for
one
year.
Mary's
sister,
Frances
Todd
Wallace,
often
came
over
___8___
（plant）flowers
in
the
front
yard.
___9___
Lincolns
enlarged
the
house
to
a
full
two
stories
in
1856
to
meet
the
needs
of
their
growing
family.
Three
of
the
four
Lincoln
sons
were
born
here.
After
Lincoln
was
elected
President
of
the
US
in
1861,
they
rented
the
house
and
____10____
（sell）most
of
their
furniture.
【答案】
1.
has
proved/has
proven
2.
for
3.
marriage
4.
smaller
5.
was
painted
6.
herself
7.
neither
8.
to
plant
9.
The
10.
sold
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁历史。
1.考查动词时态。句意：它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子成分可知，设空处作谓语动词，Lincoln’s
home
in
downtown
Springfield
Illinois作主语；结合句意及设空处后的时间状语从句since
it
opened
to
the
public可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，符合现在完成时概念，故设空处用现在完成时；现在完成时结构是has/have
+过去分词；主语Lincoln’s
home
in
downtown
Springfield
Illinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove
的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填
has
proved/
has
proven。
2.考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buy
sth.
for
+价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。
3.考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合设空前的形容词性物主代词可知，此处要用名词形式；结合设空处后的ceremony，可知此处意为“婚礼”；提示词marry意为“婚姻”，其名词形式为marriage，marriage
ceremony意为“婚礼”。故填marriage。
4.考查形容词。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处考查形容词比较级固定结构much+比较级+than，提示词small的比较级形式为smaller。故填smaller。
5.考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The
little
home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was
built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The
little
home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was
painted。
6.考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。
7.考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
8.考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to
plant。故填to
plant。
9.考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
10.考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。
II、20年高考模拟试题
（20·诸暨市5月模拟·语法填空）
If
you
take
a
look
around
your
kitchen
or
office,
chances
are
___1___
you’ll
notice
that
you
are
surrounded
by
plastic
water
bottles,
take-out
cups,
plastic
grocery
bags
and
food
packages.
These
are
all
examples
of
single-use
plastic
products,
which
is
___2___
hot
topic
based
on
both
environmental
and
health
concerns.
It’s
certainly
not
realistic
___3___
(remove)
all
plastic
from
your
life,
but
some
statistics
may
encourage
you
to
reduce
your
single-use
plastic
footprints.
The
popularity
of
plastic,
which
___4___
(begin)
rising
in
the
1950s,
is
growing
out
of
control—18.2
trillion
pounds
of
plastic
has
been
produced.
And
there
is
no
sign
of
slowing
down.
Scientists
say
that
another
26.5
trillion
pounds
will
be
produced
worldwide
___5___
2050.
Every
piece
of
plastic
___6___
(create)
will
remain
in
the
environment
in
some
form,
but
if
you
conveniently
throw
it
out,
wind
and
run-off
carry
the
waste
down
the
sewer(污水管)
and
directly
to
the
ocean,
___7__
(affect)
the
marine
life
including
the
fish,
a
main
source
of
food
for
___8___
(human).
So
focused
___9___
(be)
the
society
on
making
people’s
life
more
convenient
in
the
short
term,
but
in
the
long
run,
those
everyday
conveniences
are
at
the
expense
of
our
health.
Worried
about
____10____
(globe)
warming?
You
should
be.
【答案】
1.
that
2.
a
3.
to
remove
4.
began
5.
by
6.
created
7.
affecting
8.
humans
9.
is
10.
global
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了塑料生产超出控制以及塑料对环境造成了广泛影响的问题。
1.考查固定句型。句意：如果你看看你的厨房或办公室，很有可能你会注意到你周围都是塑料水瓶、外卖杯、塑料购物袋和食品包装袋。结合句意表示“很有可能……”句型为chances
are
that…。故填that。
2.考查冠词。句意：这些都是一次性塑料产品的例子，这是一个基于环境和健康问题的热门话题。topic为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且hot是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：把所有的塑料从你的生活中去除当然不现实，但一些统计数据可能鼓励你减少一次性塑料足迹。此处为句型“it
be
adj.
to
do
sth.”，it作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to
remove。
4.考查动词时态。句意：从20世纪50年代开始，塑料越来越受欢迎，但现在已经超出了控制——人们生产了18.2万亿磅塑料。根据后文“in
the
1950s”可知应用一般过去时。故填began。
5.考查介词。句意：科学家们表示，到2050年，全球将再生产26.5万亿磅。此处表示“到……之前”应用介词by，故填by。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语plastic构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填created。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。分析句子结构可知affect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与上文句子构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。故填affecting。
8.考查名词数。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。human为可数名词，此处表示“人类”应用复数形式。故填humans。
9.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：所以社会关注的是使人们的生活更方便在短期内，但从长远来看，这些日常便利是以我们的健康为代价的。根据后文“those
everyday
conveniences
are
at
the
expense
of
our
health”可知应用一般现在时，此处为部分倒装，主语为the
society，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
10.考查形容词。句意：担心全球变暖吗？空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词warming。结合句意表示“全球变暖”可知短语为global
warming。故填global。
（20·成都三诊·语法填空）
It
seems
that
people
in
western
countries
are
becoming
increasingly___1___(worry)
about
the
side
effects
of
drugs,
and
are
turning
to
various
___2___
(treatment)
such
as
yoga,
reflexology
and
acupuncture
(针灸)
to
complement,
or
sometimes
even
replace,
western
medicine.
___3___event
in
my
life
three
or
four
years
ago
made
me
examine
my
own
attitudes
towards
alternative
medicine.
After
___4___
(suffer)
from
insomnia
(失眠)
for
a
few
months,
I
was
feeling
mentally
and
physically
exhausted.
My
friend
Tony,
who___5___
(study)
acupuncture
at
a
college
near
London
at
the
time,
suggested
that
I
visit
an
acupuncturist.
Since
I
had
a
fear
of
needles,
I
was
___6___(willing)
to
take
his
advice.
But
by
this
time
I
was
so
tired
that
I
was
prepared
to
try
almost
anything.
I
made
an
___7___(appoint)
with
the
acupuncturist
in
my
area
and
turned
up
at
his
room
the
following
morning.
After
taking
my
pulse,
looking
at
my
tongue,
and
asking
a
few
questions
___8___my
diet
and
lifestyle,
the
acupuncturist
correctly
reasoned
that
I
was
worn-out.
I
found
this
extremely
impressive
since
he
hadn't
asked
me
___9___
I
had
come
to
see
him.
He
then
inserted
a
needle
in
my
right
foot
between
my
first
and
second
toe,
and,
despite
my
anxiety,
I
fell
asleep
___10___
(immediate).
At
the
time
I
considered
the
whole
experience
to
be
close
to
a
miracle.
【答案】
1.
worried
2.
treatments
3.
An
4.
suffering
5.
was
studying
6.
unwilling
7.
appointment
8.
about
9.
why
10.
immediately
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的一次针灸经历，让作者审视了自己对替代医学的态度。
1.考查非谓语动词。句意：西方国家的人们似乎越来越担心药物的副作用，并开始寻求瑜伽、反射学和针灸等各种疗法来补充，有时甚至取代西医。此处是指人们担心药物的副作用，应用过去分词worried表示“担心的”。故填worried。
2.考查名词复数。句意：西方国家的人们似乎越来越担心药物的副作用，并开始寻求瑜伽、反射学和针灸等各种疗法来补充，有时甚至取代西医。treatment意为“疗法”，为可数名词，在various后应用复数形式。故填treatments。
3.考查不定冠词。句意：三四年前的一件事让我审视了自己对替代医学的态度。此处是第一次提及event，所以应用泛指。event的开头发音为元音音素，所以应用an。故填An。
4.考查非谓语动词。句意：在遭受了几个月的失眠后，我感到身心疲惫。在介词after后应用动名词作宾语。故填suffering。
5.考查动词时态。句意：我的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所大学学习针灸，他建议我去看一名针灸师。根据at
the
time可知，此处应用过去进行时。故填was
studying。
6.考查形容词反义词。句意：因为我害怕打针，所以我不愿意接受他的建议。根据“Since
I
had
a
fear
of
needles”可知，“我”不愿意接受他的建议。应用willing的反义词unwilling表示“不愿意的”。故填unwilling。
7.考查名词。句意：我预约了我所在地区的针灸师，第二天早上去了他的房间。在冠词an后应用名词。make
an
appointment意为“预约”。故填appointment。
8.考查介词。句意：针灸医生量了量我的脉搏，看了看我的舌头，问了几个关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题，然后正确地推断出我疲惫不堪。此处是指关于我的饮食和生活方式的问题，应用介词about表示“关于”。故填about。
9.考查宾语从句。句意：我觉得这非常令人印象深刻，因为他还没有问过我为什么来见他。在宾语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据asked可知，此处是指询问“我”为什么来见他，所以应用连接副词why。故填why。
10.考查副词。句意：然后他在我右脚的第一个和第二个脚趾之间插了一根针，尽管我很焦虑，我还是马上睡着了。修饰动词fell，应用副词。故填immediately。
（20·台州市4月调考·语法填空）
My
friend
has
a
sweater
that
her
uncle
bought
in
the
1970s.
That
sweater
is
still
going
strong
and
she
wears
it
everywhere.
Well-made,
long-lasting
clothing
is_____1_____
we
should
buy
and
wear.
In
reality,
however,60%
of
clothing
nowadays
_____2_____(abandon)within
a
year
of
purchase,
which
produces
vast
quantities
of
waste
that
global
landfills
(垃圾填埋场)
are
struggling_____3_____
(absorb).
If
we
choose
long-lasting
clothes,
it
helps
solve
two
key______4______
(issue)
at
once-overconsumption
and
the
declining
quality
of
many
clothes
in
stores
these
days.
A
focus
on
quality
would
make
us
likely
to
pay
______5______(much)
for
better-made
items,
which
would
reduce
the
desire
to
keep
shopping,
while
slowing
demand
for
fast
fashion
overall.
You
could
buy
secondhand
clothing,
too,
as____6_____
useful
way
to
extend
the
lifespan
(寿命)
of
items
already_____7_____
(create).
But
I've
come
to
think
that
whether
you
buy
something
new
or
used
____8____
(matter)
less
if
you
commit
to
keeping
clothes
in
use
for
decades.
The
same
goes
for____9____(nature)
fibers;
this
xkw
quality
counts,
of
course,______10______it
is
less
important
if
you
throw
away
clothes
within
a
few
months
from
time
of
purchase.
The
most
important
thing
is
to
make
them
last.
【答案】
1.
what
2.
is
abandoned
3.
to
absorb
4.
issues
5.
more
6.
a
7.
created
8.
matters/will
matter
9.
natural
10.
but
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了由于快时尚的兴起，人们产生了大量的衣物垃圾，这对于环境来说极为不利的，因此文章呼吁大家购买耐用的衣物，也可以购买二手，实现物品的价值最大化。
1.考查表语从句。句意：我们应该购买和穿质量好，耐穿的衣物。分析句子可知，此处为表语从句，从句中的buy
和wear缺少宾语，故用连接代词what。
2.考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：事实上，如今60%的衣物在购买一年之后就被遗弃了，产生了大量的垃圾，对此全球的垃圾填满厂都在努力处理。分析句子可知，本句缺少谓语，abandon与主语clothing为动宾关系，故用被动语态，clothing为不可数名词，陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时的单数，故用is
abandoned。
3.考查动词不定式。句意：事实上，如今60%的衣物在购买一年之后就被遗弃了，产生了大量的垃圾，对此全球的垃圾填满厂都在努力处理。分析句子可知，本句为struggle的用法struggle
to
do努力做，故用不定式作宾语，故用to
absorb。
4.考查名词。句意：我们购买耐穿的衣物的话，在一度过度消费和衣物质量下降的今日，可以解决两个关键问题。two后接可数名词复数，issue的复数形式为issues，故用issues。
5.考查比较级。句意：对衣物质量的关注让我们在高品质的衣物上可能花费的更多，这将减少持续购物的欲望，同时也减慢对快时尚的需求。根据句意可知，高品质的衣物价格更高，此处应用比较级形式，与空后的better-made相对应，故用more。
6.考查冠词。句意：你也可以买二手衣服，一种可以有效延长物品使用寿命的方式。分析句子可知，way为可数名词，第一次提及，用不定冠词表泛指，由于前有useful修饰，辅音音素开头，故用a。
7.考查过去分词。句意：你也可以买二手衣服，一种可以有效延长物品使用寿命的方式。分析句子可知，create修饰items作后置定语，与其为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式，故用created。
8.考查动词时态。句意：我意识到，如果你尽可能发挥物品的价值，那么是否买新的还是二手的都没那么重要。分析句子可知，
“whether
you
buy
something
new
or
used
”为主语，本句缺少谓语，与主语为主谓关系，故用主动语态，客观陈述自己的观点，用一般现在时，主语为句子，谓语动词用单数，故可用matters
；由于后面条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主句需用一般将来时，故也可用will
matter。
9.考查形容词。句意：对于天然的纤维制品也是如此，质量很重要。但是如果买了几个月就扔掉的话，质量就没那么重要。分析句子可知，修饰名词fibers用形容词，故用natural。
10.考查连词。句意：对于天然的纤维制品也是如此，质量很重要。但是如果买了几个月就扔掉的话，质量就没那么重要。分析句子可知，前一句强调品质的重要性，后一句阐述某些条件下，质量就变得没那么重要，前后句属于转折关系，故用but。
（20·东北三校二模·语法填空）
In
China,
food
deliverymen
are
always
in
a
rush
between
traffic
regardless
of
wind
or
rain.
____1____
they
make
our
life
more
convenient,
this
can
come
at
____2____
cost
for
them.
On
food
delivery
service
platforms,
the
time
limit
is
calculated
by
an
algorithm
（算法）.But
it
doesn't
consider
real-life
____3____（
situation）,
such
as
red
lights
and
speed
limits.
For
deliverymen,
delay
means
a
decrease
in
pay.
So
they
speed
up
and
often
break
traffic
rules,
____4____
（put）
not
only
their
own
lives
at
risk,
but
also
the
lives
of
others.
Many
people
scolded
and
asked
the
platforms
to
improve
the
regulations
on
delivery.
____5____
response,
Eleme
announced
it
would
add
a
button
to
the
app,
____6____
allows
customers
to
extend
the
time
limit.
But
this
created
more
____7____（
heat）
debate,
as
some
felt
the
company
was
distracting
attention.
The
Shanghai
Customer
Council
commented
that
the
move
was
not
reasonable,
adding
that
the
problems
should
____8____（settle）
between
the
companies
and
their
employees.
Also,
even
with
the
ability
____9____（
allow）
more
time
for
delivery,
some
users
felt
this
would
not
_____10_____
（full）
address
the
problems.
【答案】
1.
Although/Though/While
2.
a
3.
situations
4.
putting
5.
In
6.
which
7.
heated
8.
be
settled
9.
to
allow
10.
fully
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述快递员由于受平台时间限制经常违反交通规则，威胁自己和他人的生命，许多人批评并要求快递平台完善规则，Eleme宣布将在应用程序中添加一个按钮，允许用户延长时间限制，引起更多热议。
1.考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然他们使我们的生活更方便，但他们要付出很大代价。分析句子可知，设空处引导的是让步状语从句，设空处为引导词，故填Although/Though/While。
2.考查固定短语。句意：同上。分析句子可知，短语at
a
cost，意为“以......为代价”，根据句意，故填a。
3.考查名词。句意：但它没有考虑现实生活中的情况，如红灯和限速。分析句子可知，设空处为consider的宾语，应用名词，描述的是各种现实情况，应用复数形式，故填situations。
4.考查现在分词。句意：所以他们加速，经常违反交通规则，不仅把自己的生命置于危险之中，也把他人的生命置于危险之中。分析句子可知，设空处为非谓语动词，作状语，和主语之间是主动关系，应用put的现在分词，故填putting。
5.考查固定短语。句意：作为回应，Eleme宣布将在应用程序中添加一个按钮，允许用户延长时间限制。短语in
response，意为“作为回应”，根据句意，故填In。
6.考查定语从句。句意：同上。分析句子可知，____6____
allows
customers
to
extend
the
time
limit为非限制性定语从句，设空处为引导词，指代前面的句子，故填which。
7.考查形容词。
句意：但这引发了更激烈的争论，因为一些人认为该公司分散了人们的注意力。分析句子可知，设空处修饰名词，应用heat的形容词作定语，故填heated。
8.考查语态。
句意：上海客户协会评论说，此举不合理，并补充说，问题应该在公司和员工之间解决。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语，接在情态动词should后，应用动词原形，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故填be
settled。
9.考查不定式。
句意：此外，即使有能力允许更多的时间投递，一些用户认为这不能完全解决问题。the
ability
to
do
sth“有做某事的能力”，故填to
allow。
10.考查副词。
句意：同上。分析句子可知，设空处修饰动词address，应用full的副词形式作状语，故填fully。
（20·齐齐哈尔市二模·语法填空）
Getting
around
the
city
when
you
are
six
months
pregnant
and
have
a
two-year-old
girl
can
be
really
____1____
(challenge).
One
spring
afternoon,
we
went
to
one
of
the
grocery
___2___(store)
nearby
to
buy
some
food.
There
was
no
sign
of
rain
____3____
the
store
was
just
around
the
corner,
so
we
went
there
without
an
umbrella.
However,
when
we
were
about
to
leave
the
store)the
rain
came
in
full
force
and
the
streets
____4____
(cover)
with
water
within
minutes.
I
noticed
a
young
Chinese
couple
staring
at
____5____
(we)
when
we
came
to
a
crossroad
and
were
waiting
for
the
light
to
change
____6____
(patient).
I
figured
they
were
probably
wondering
____7____
a
pregnant
foreigner
was
dragging
her
little
kid
out
through
the
rain.
But
as
we
crossed
the
street,
the
woman
offered
me
her
umbrella.
I
declined
but
she
handed
it
to
me
and
hurried
off
with
her
husband.
Though
____8____
(catch)
in
the
rain
unexpectedly,
we
still
treasure
____9____
memory
and
will
remember
the
warmth
and____10____
(kind)
of
the
Chinese
couple
forever.
【答案】
1.
challenging
2.
stores
3.
and
4.
were
covered
5.
us
6.
patiently
7.
why
8.
caught
9.
the
10.
kindness
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一对年轻的中国夫妇宁可自己淋雨，也要把雨伞让给怀孕的“老外”和她的两岁女儿的故事。
1.考查形容词。句意：句意：当你怀孕6个月并且带着一个两岁大的女儿时，在城里到处走是非常有挑战性的。分析可知，此处应用形容词作表语，结合句意challenging“有挑战的”符合语境。故填challenging。
2.考查名词的数。句意：一个春日的下午，我们去其中的一个杂货铺购买食物。此处为“one
of+可数名词复数”结构，故应用所给名词store的复数形式。故填stores。
3.考查并连词。句意：当时没有下雨的迹象，并且商店就在拐角处，因此我们没有带伞就过去了。根据句意可知，“There
was
no
sign
of
rain
”和“the
store
was
just
around
the
corner”是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
4.考查时态和语态。句意：然而，当我们准备离开商店时，大雨倾盆，街道几分钟内就被雨水覆盖了。分析可知，此处为and并列句的谓语动词，结合语境和上文的came可知为一般过去时，主语streets和cover之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，故填were
covered。
5.考查代词。句意：当我们去十字路口耐心等着交通灯（变绿）时，我注意到一对年轻的中国夫妇看着我们。分析可知，此处应用we的宾格作介词at的宾语。故填us。
6.考查副词。句意：当我们去十字路口耐心等着交通灯（变绿）时，我注意到一对年轻的中国夫妇看着我们。此处应用副词修饰动词短语waiting
for。故填patiently。
7.考查名词性从句。句意：我认为他们可能在想为什么一个外国孕妇拽着她的小孩在雨里走。分析可知，设空处引导宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺少“为什么”之意，应用连接副词why引导。故填why。
8.考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管意外地被困在雨里，但我们仍然珍惜这份记忆，并且永远记得这对中国夫妇的温暖和善良。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词和though构成让步状语，catch和逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填caught。
9.考查冠词。句意：尽管意外地被困在雨里，但我们仍然珍惜这份记忆，并且永远记得这对中国夫妇的温暖和善良。结合句意可知，此处特指这对中国夫妇借伞给作者的记忆，应用定冠词。故填the。
10.考查名词。句意：尽管意外地被困在雨里，但我们仍然珍惜这份记忆，并且永远记得这对中国夫妇的温暖和善良。分析可知，此处应填名词和warmth并列作remember的宾语。故填kindness。
（20·齐齐哈尔市三模·语法填空）
Bright
and
colorful
Beijing
Opera
faces
appear
on
a
computer
screen,
A
teacher
asks
the
students,
“Shall
we
go
to
see
Beijing
Opera?”
This
is
the
scene
of
___1___
online
Chinese
class
in
India’s
Mumbai.
As
the
COVID-19
pandemic
continues
to
spread,
online
Chinese
learning
on
a
___2___
(various)
of
platforms
is
gaining
popularity
locally.
Eighteen
year-old
Drashti
Gala
from
Mumbai
is
one
of
many
online
Chinese
___3___
(learner)
and
even
has
a
Chinese
name
Tang
Dashi.
Actually,
all
three
sisters
in
her
family
___4___
(begin)
learning
Chinese
after
their
father
offered
the
suggestion.
Within
a
short
space
of
time,
she
has
___5___
(successful)
passed
HSK3
(Level
3
of
the
International
Chinese
Proficiency
Test)
and
is
now
preparing
for
the
higher-level
exams.
At
first,
some
students
were
hesitant
as
they
were
not
used
to___6___
(study)
online,
but
now
they
realize
that
online
learning
means
they
can
save
time
___7___
would
have
been
spent
on
traveling.
Drashti
has
also
tried
to
improve
her
Chinese
by
translating
some
ancient
Chinese
poems
into
Hindi
(印地语).
Most
Chinese
training
institutions
in
Mumbai
have
been
moved
online
due
to
the
lockdown.
Some
people
___8___
charge
said,
“Compared
to
traditional
classroom
teaching,
our
online
courses
are
more
convenient
and
easier
___9___
(conduct),
and
the
cost
of
renting
classrooms
_____10_____
(save)
too.
So
online
learning
is
popular.”
【答案】
1.
an
2.
variety
3.
learners
4.
began
5.
successfully
6.
studying
7.
which/that
8.
in
9.
to
conduct
10.
is
saved
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线汉语学习在印度孟买当地大受欢迎的情况。
1.考查冠词。句意：这是印度孟买一节在线汉语课的场景。此处泛指“一节在线汉语课的场景”，应使用不定冠词，online是以元音音素开头的词，应使用an。故填an。
2.考查固定短语。句意：随着新冠肺炎疫情的持续蔓延，多平台汉语在线学习在当地流行起来。结合句意和所学知识，“a
variety
of+名词”为固定短语，意为“各种各样的，多种多样的（东西）”。故填variety。
3.考查名词复数。句意：来自孟买的18岁的Drashti
Gala是众多在线汉语学习者之一。one
of后加复数名词，意为“……之一”，应使用名词复数形式。故填learners。
4.考查动词时态。句意：事实上，在他们的爸爸提出建议之后，她家里的三姐妹都开始学起了汉语。根据语境，“开始学习汉语”这一动作发生在过去，应使用一般过去时。故填began。
5.考查副词。句意：在很短的时间内，她成功通过了国际汉语水平测试三级（HSK3），目前正在准备更高级别的考试。。应使用副词“成功地”来修饰动词“通过”。故填successfully。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：一开始，一些学生很犹豫，因为他们不习惯在网上学习，但现在他们认识到，在线学习意味着他们能将本会花在路上的时间节省下来。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语be
used
to(习惯于)后应接动词名词。故填studying。
7.考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，time之后为一个限制性定语从句，修饰名词time，在从句中做主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
8.考查介词。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语in
charge意为“负责，主管”。故填in。
9.考查固定句型。句意同上。根据句意可知，此处是“be+adj.+to
do”结构，动词不定式的主动形式表被动关系（例如：The
homework
is
easy
to
do）。故填to
conduct。
10.考查动词时态及语态。句意同上。the
cost(成本，不可数)与动词save构成被动关系，同时前后语境为一般现在时。故填is
saved。
（20·齐齐哈尔市一模·语法填空）
Guozhuang
dance
is
a
favorite
collective
bonfire
dance（集体篝火舞）of
Tibetans,
allowing
people
to
show
respect
to
nature.
Wandering
in
the
old
town
of
Dukezong
in
___1___
daytime,
one
can
always
see
elderly
Tibetans
dancing
in
a
circle
while
___2___
（sing）
traditional
Tibetan
songs.
When
dusk
___3___（fall）,
Tibetan
youths,
after
finishing
a
full
day's
work
or
study,
will
come
outdoors
to
dance
with
a
___4___
（fast）
pace
and
more
joyful
music.
“Guozhuang
dance
___5___
（be）
about
paying
respect
to
nature
since
ancient
times,
but
now
when
we
dance,
it
is
more
about
recording
and
passing
down
our
ethnic（民族的〉memory
and
tradition
with
every
step,“
said
Losang
Tashi,
a
28-year-old
Tibetan
in
Shangri-La.
“When
I
feel
tired
in
daily
life,
I
always
dance
Guozhuang
to
relieve
my
pressure.
It
makes
my
mind
___6___
（full）
relaxed,”
he
said,
"Just
as
many
watch
TV
dramas
and
play
online
games
___7___（relax）,
many
Tibetan
youths
like
me
are
fond
___8___
dancing
to
our
traditional
music,
so
it
means
a
lot
to
us,“
he
said.
“When
other
non-Tibetan
people
watch
us
dancing,
I
can
bring
___9___
（happy）
to
them,“
he
said.
"I
feel
so
satisfied
when
I
tell
tourists
about
the
messages
____10____
are
conveyed
by
Guozhuang
dance.
【答案】
1.
the
2.
singing
3.
falls
4.
faster
5.
has
been
6.
fully
7.
to
relax
8.
of
9.
happiness
10.
which/that
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西藏地区的少数民族舞蹈——锅庄舞。
1.考查冠词。句意：白天漫步在杜宗古城里，总是可以看到藏族老年人围成一圈跳舞，唱着传统的藏族歌曲。“in
the
daytime”在白天，是固定短语，故填the。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，while引导时间状语从句，主句与从句的主语一致，故省略从句主语与be动词，sing与逻辑主语Tibetans是主动关系，用现在分词，故填singing。
3.考查时态。句意：当黄昏来临时，藏族青年，在完成一整天的工作或学习后，将伴随速度更快的和更快乐的音乐来到户外跳舞。分析句子结构可知，When引导时间状语从句，故空格处缺少谓语。根据下文的will，此处用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。故填falls。
4.考查形容词比较级。句意同上。根据and
more
joyful
music可知，and连接并列成分，故此处用形容词fast的比较级。故填faster。
5.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：锅庄舞自古以来是关于尊重自然的舞蹈。根据时间状语since
ancient
times可知，此处用现在完成时态，又因为主语是Guozhuang
dance，是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故用has
been。
6.考查副词。句意：它让我的头脑完全放松。此处修饰形容词relaxed，故用副词作状语。故填fully。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：就像许多人为了放松去看电视剧和玩网络游戏一样，许多像我这样的西藏年轻人喜欢跟着我们的传统音乐跳舞。分析句子可知，此处用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to
relax。
8.考查介词。句意同上。be
fond
of意为“喜欢”，为固定搭配。故填of。
9.考查名词。句意：当其他非西藏人看我们跳舞时，我可以给他们带去快乐，分析句子结构可知，空格处作bring的宾语，故用所给形容词的名词形式happiness，是不可数名词。故填happiness。
10.考查定语从句。句意：当我告诉游客锅庄舞传达的信息时，我感到非常满意。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the
messages，从句缺少主语，故此处用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。

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