资源简介

1.蜡烛的变化
1.活动：做一支蜡烛
所需材料：
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蜡块、酒精灯、火柴、三脚架、石棉网、烧皿、试管夹、蜡烛模子、棉芯等。
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制作方法：
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①将蜡块切成碎屑。
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②加热蜡屑成蜡油。
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③在模子里放入一根棉芯,将蜡油
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"https:?/??/?mp.weixin.?/?_blank?)倒入模子里。
④等蜡油凝固,蜡烛就制成了。
活动注意点：在使用酒精灯时，要注意正确的方法，在制作蜡烛过程中，不要用手去触摸烧热的东西，以防止烫伤。
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活动结论：
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蜡烛的形状发生了变化。在制作蜡烛的过程中，蜡块经历了由固体到液体再到固体的形态变化。但蜡烛这种物质本身没有发生变化，仍然是蜡烛。
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2.铁钉生锈
1.铁钉上的锈呈红褐色,非常松软。生锈的铁钉表面有一层粉末状的红褐色，用手一摸，这些红褐色的铁锈就会粘到手上。铁锈的主要成分是铁的氧化物和氢氧化物。
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2.日常生活中生锈的铁制品：
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斧头生锈、铁栏杆生锈、自行车的轮毂生锈、铁锁
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"https:?/??/?mp.weixin.?/?_blank?)生锈、铁锅生锈、铁锹生锈、破旧机器、报废的汽车、河道中的铁管、沉没的船只等。
3.铁锈与铁的不同
分别敲击铁锈块和铁钉，发现铁锈块比较脆，容易断裂。用力敲击铁钉，铁钉除了微微变形之外，没有其他变化。
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用砂纸摩擦铁锈块和铁钉，发现用砂纸摩擦铁锈块会有红褐色的粉末出现，摩擦后的铁锈块就会恢复原来的金属光泽。用砂纸摩擦铁钉，铁钉没有什么变化。
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4.铁锈和铁不是同一种物质：
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首先他们的成分不同，铁锈的主要成分是铁的氧化物和氢氧化物，
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"https:?/??/?mp.weixin.?/?_blank?)铁的成分就是铁。
其次铁是灰色固体，铁锈是红褐色固体。
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铁锈和铁除了在颜色、光泽、软硬方面的不同外,在延展性、导电性、导热性等等方面也不不同。
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5.铁与潮湿的空气接触就会生锈，铁经过化学变化就会生成铁锈。
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1.3《制作汽水》
1.在炎热的夏天,喝上一瓶汽水,会使人感到清凉。因为气体从口中和鼻中排出时,会带走身体里的一部分热量。
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2.实验一：试一试哪两种物质混合在一起能产生气泡
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实验材料：纸杯、吸管、白醋、小苏打、锥形瓶、烧杯、冷开水等。
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实验方法：在4种物质中任选两种物质混合在一起，看一看，这4种物质中哪两种物质混合在一起能够产生气泡？
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实验现象：将小苏打与白醋混合就能产生气泡。其他的物质混合不能产生气泡。
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实验结论：将小苏打与白醋混合就能产生气泡。
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1.4化学家的研究
1.在众多的科学家中,有一类是化学家,他们常常在实验室里做各种各样的实验,研究物质的性质、成分,并制造新物质。
2.化学家经常研究的是什么问题？
这是什么东西？
他有什么性质？
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与另一种物质混合起来会怎么样呢？
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它可以变成另外一种物质吗？
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3.化学家是指在原子、分子水平上研究物质的组成、结构、性质、变化及其应用的科学家。现在大多数的新药物都是通过化学技术研制而成的。
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