资源简介

(共73张PPT)
Grammar
Restrictive
Attributive
Clause
and
Non-Restrictive
Attributive
Clause
限制性定语从句(Restrictive
Attributive
Clause
)与非限制性定语从句
(Non-Restrictive
Attributive
Clause)的区别
区别
限制性定从
非限制性定从
结构
无逗号与主句分开，口语中不停顿。
有逗号与主句分开，口语中有停顿。
区别
限制性定从
非限制性定从
与先行词关系
密切，不可缺少，否则先行词意义不清。
不太密切，去掉的话，先行词意义仍清楚。
作用
对先行词修饰、限定。
对先行词补充、说明新信息。
区别
限制性定从
非限制性定从
引导词
口语中用that可替代who/whom/
which/when/where/
why,
并可省略。
不可用that替代who/whom/which/
where/when，并不可省略。不可用why引导。
区别
限制性定从
非限制性定从
先行词
任何名词或代词
专有名词﹑独一无二意义的名词或被名词所有格﹑物主代词或指示代词所修饰的名词、整个主句。
译法
“……的”
译成并列分句
区别
限制性定从
非限制性定从
意义
先行词为众多的人或物之一，
不为听话人所知，用定语从句加以限定和识别。
先行词为听话人所知，具有唯一性。
1.
I
have
a
sister
________
is
a
doctor.
我有一个当医生的的姐姐。（不止一个姐姐）
2.
I
have
a
sister,
_______
is
a
doctor.
我有一个姐姐，她是一个医生。（只有一个姐姐）
who/that
who
1.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
relative
pronouns
and
adverbs.
3.
The
number
of
people
______
were
killed
or
injured
reached
more
than
400,000.
4.
But
the
one
million
people
of
the
city,
______
thought
little
of
these
events,
were
asleep
as
usual
that
night.
who
who
5.
This
gift
was
the
Amber
Room(琥珀屋)
,
________
was
given
this
name
because
several
tons
of
amber
were
used
to
make
it.
6.
The
amber(琥珀)
__________
was
selected
has
beautiful
yellow-brown
colour
like
honey.
which
that/which
7.
This
is
Henry,
_______
wife
works
for
my
brother-in-law.
8.
This
is
the
man
________
car
has
been
lost.
9.
She
gave
me
this
sweater,
_____
she
had
knitted
(编织)
herself.
10.
She
gave
me
a
sweater
_______
she
had
knitted
herself.
whose
whose
which
(that/which)
11.
Martin’s
garage,
____
____
the
car
had
been
taken,
was
not
far
away.
12.
The
garage
____
_____
the
car
had
been
taken
was
not
far
away.
13.
This
was
a
time
________
the
two
countries
were
at
war.
14.
I’m
seeing
the
manager
tomorrow,
_________
he
will
be
back
from
New
York.
to
which
to
which
when
when
15.
We
will
reach
Dali
in
Yunnan
Province
soon,
_______
our
cousins
Dao
Wei
and
Yu
Hang
will
join
us.
16.
Later,
Catherine
II
had
the
Amber
Room
moved
to
a
palace
outside
St
Petersburg
_________
she
spent
her
summers.
where
where
17.
Sunday
is
the
only
day
_____
we
can
relax.
18.
Sunday
is
a
holiday,
_____
people
don’t
go
to
work.
19.
He
was
very
generous
with
his
time,
for
______
I
was
very
grateful.
20.
It
was
raining,
______
was
a
pity.
when
when
which
which
20.
Mr.
Green,
_______
_______I
was
working,
was
very
generous.
21.
She
asked
me
many
questions,
most/all
____
____
I
couldn’t
answer.
of
which
for/with
whom
2.
Rewrite
the
sentences
using
non-restrictive
relative
clauses.
How
do
the
sentences
flow
differently?（句子的流畅性有什么不同？）
1.
We
were
very
impressed
by
the
old
man
who
was
not
willing
to
acknowledge
defeat.
2.
Afterwards,
Einstein
to
flee
Germany,
where
Hitler
was
in
power.
3.
There
is
nothing
we
can
do
to
help
Linda,
whose
circumstances
are
beyond
our
control.
4.
The
teacher
asked
us
to
listen
to
a
speech
by
his
favourite
novelist,
J.K.Rowling,
which
inspired
us
a
lot.
5.
The
building
under
construction
was
designed
by
I.M.
Pei－a
famous
Chinese-American
architect,
who
was
born
in
Guangzhou,
China.
6.
I
was
asked
to
explain
the
project
with
the
help
of
a
flow
chart,
which
was
a
big
challenge
for
me.
1.
Do
you
want
a
friend
_________
you
could
tell
everything
to?
2.
Your
friend,
________
doesn't
work
hard,
asks
you
to
help
him/her
cheat
in
the
exam
by
looking
at
your
paper.
3.
Fill
in
each
blank
with
relative
pronouns
and
adverbs
or
make
a
choice.
(who/whom/that
who
3.
She
brought
with
her
three
friends,
none
of
_____
I
had
ever
met
before.
4.
I
want
you
to
meet
my
friend
Marjorie,
___________
I
think
I
mentioned
in
my
last
letter.
5.
The
watch
__________
you
gave
me
keeps
perfect
time.
6.
The
watch,
________
my
grand-father
bought,
is
still
in
good
order.
whom
who/whom
(that/which)
which
7.
My
grandfather's
watch,
______
parts
are
too
small
to
been
seen,
still
keeps
perfect
time.
8.
The
school
_______
I
studied
for
only
two
years
was
three
kilometres
away.
9.
Yesterday
I
went
to
the
school,
______
I
met
Mr.
Zhang.
whose
where
where
13.
The
man
________________
you
met
yeasterday
and
___________
name
often
appears
in
the
newspaper
is
a
famous
scientist.
14.
The
winner
was
a
Brailian
player,
______
name
I
have
forgot.
15.
He
showed
a
new
computer,
_______
low
price
will
make
it
very
attractive
to
students.
(whom/who/that
whose
whose
whose
16.
On
April
1st
they
flew
to
Beijing,
_____
they
stayed
several
days.
17.
It
was
heard
in
Beijing,
_______
was
one
hundred
kilometres
away.
18.
The
last
time
I
went
to
Scotland
was
in
May,
______
the
weather
was
beautiful.
19.
Carol
said
the
work
would
be
done
by
October,
________
personally
I
doubt
very
much.
which
where
which
when
20.
Sally
went
out
with
George,
_______
made
Paul
very
angry.
21.
Sally
went
out
with
George,
_________
Paul
was
very
angry
with.
22.
He
showed
me
a
photo
________
upset
me.
23.
He
tore
up
(撕碎)
my
photo,
_______
upset
me.
which
who/whom
that/which
which
24.
He
has
to
work
on
Sundays,
________
he
doesn't
like.
25.
He
has
to
work
on
Sundays,
________
most
people
can
relax.
26.
I'll
never
forget
the
Sunday
_______
you
first
arrived.
27.
I
hate
shopping
during
the
Christmas
rush
______
the
shops
are
crowded.
which
when
when
when
28.
Peter
drove
too
fast,
______
was
dangerous．
29.
He
was
very
generous
with
his
time,
for
______
I
was
very
grateful.
30.
She
wore
her
swimming
things
in
the
office,
______
shocked
her
boss.
31.
She
wore
her
swimming
things
in
the
office,
______
her
boss
worked.
which
which
which
where
32.
He
was
very
rude
to
the
customs
officer,
_______
of
course
made
things
even
worse.
33.
So
I
knew
I
could
get
a
degree,
too.
______
made
me
feel
good
about
myself.
34.
They've
won
their
last
three
matches,
_______
I
find
a
bit
surprising
actually.
which
That
which
35.
There
is
no
doubt
that
the
boxes
were
then
put
on
a
train
for
Konigsberg,
_______
was
at
that
time
a
German
city
on
the
Baltic
Sea.
36.
Chalie
Chaplin
lived
in
England
and
the
USA
but
spent
his
last
years
in
Switzerland,
_______
he
was
buried
in
1977.
which
where
37.
His
parents
wouldn’t
let
him
marry
anyone_______
family
was
poor.
38.
Have
you
seen
the
film
“Titanic”,
_____
leading
actor
is
world
famous?
39.
The
most
universal(普遍的)
facial
expression
is,
of
course
the
smile—______
function
(功能)
is
to
show
happiness
and
put
peope
at
ease.
(使...安逸舒适)
whose
whose
its
40.
He’s
really
rude,
______
is
why
people
tend
to
avoid
him.
41.
Everyone
in
Dublin
is
so
friendly,
and
______
is
why
I
love
the
city.
42.
It's
a
secret―______'s
why
they
never
talked
about
it.
43.
Almost
six
hundred
candles
lit
the
room,
and
_____
mirrors
and
pictures
shone
like
gold.
which
that
that
its
45.
If
a
book
is
in
English,
_______
means
slow
progress
for
you.
A.
which
B.
that
C.
what
D.
he
46.
When
I
say
two
hours,
_______
includes
time
for
eating.
A.
as
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
47.
Unless
I'm
very
much
mistaken,
______
is
my
watch
you're
wearing!
A.
as
B.
which
C.
what
D.
that
B
that
D
48.
My
job
is
collecting
information
for
a
database
about
Mount
Kilauea,
______
is
one
of
the
most
powerful
forces
on
earth-the
volcano.
49.
This
is
because
no
one
lives
near
the
top
of
Mount
Kilauea,
______
the
rocks
fall.
which
where
50.
This
produced
a
chain
reaction,
________
made
it
possible
for
life
to
develop.
51.
The
sun
heats
the
earth,
______
makes
it
possible
for
plants
to
grow.
52.
After
graduating
from
college,
I
took
some
time
off
to
go
travelling,
_______
turned
out
to
be
a
wise
decision.
which
which
which
53.The
fact
is
that
I
earned
my
passage
by
working
as
an
unpaid
hand,
_________
accounts
for
(=explains)
my
appearance.
54.
He
made
another
wonderful
discovery,
____
of
great
importance
to
science.
A.
which
I
think
is
B.
which
I
think
it
is
C.
which
I
think
it
D.
I
think
is
which
London
has
a
population
of
about
7,000,000.
It
lies
on
the
River
Tames,
________
the
Romans
landed
nearly
2,000
years
ago.
From
about
1800
_________
World
War
Two,
London
was
the
biggest
city
in
the
world,
________
4.
语法填空
（一）
now
there
are
many
cities
________
are
much
bigger.
London
is
famous
for
many
things.
Tourists
come
from
all
over
the
world
to
visit
its
historic
buildings,
such
as
Buckingham
Palace,
_______
the
Queen
lives,
and
the
Houses
of
Parliament,
_________
you
can
see
and
hear
the
famous
clock,
Big
Ben.
They
________
come
to
visit
its
theatres,
its
museums,
and
its
many
shops,
such
as
Harrods,
__________
you
can
buy
anything.
And
of
course
they
want
to
ride
on
the
big
wheel
next
to
the
river!
_______
many
big
cities,
London
has
problems
with
traffic
and
pollution.
Over
1,
000,000
people
a
day
use
the
London
Underground,
________
there
are
still
too
many
cars
on
the
streets.
The
air
isn’t
clean,
_______
it
is
cleaner
than
it
was
100
years
ago.
For
me,
the
best
thing
about
London
is
the
parks,
of
_______
five
are
in
the
city
centre.
But
my
children’s
favourite
place
is
Hamleys,
_________is
the
biggest
toy
shop
in
the
world!
London
has
a
population
of
about
7,000,000.
It
lies
on
the
River
Tames,
________
the
Romans
landed
nearly
2,000
years
ago.
From
about
1800
_________
World
War
Two,
London
was
the
biggest
city
in
the
world,
________
where
to/until/till
but
语法填空
（一）
now
there
are
many
cities
________
are
much
bigger.
London
is
famous
for
many
things.
Tourists
come
from
all
over
the
world
to
visit
its
historic
buildings,
such
as
Buckingham
Palace,
_______
the
Queen
lives,
and
the
Houses
of
Parliament,
_________
you
can
see
and
hear
the
famous
which
where
where
clock,
Big
Ben.
They
________
come
to
visit
its
theatres,
its
museums,
and
its
many
shops,
such
as
Harrods,
__________
you
can
buy
anything.
And
of
course
they
want
to
ride
on
the
big
wheel
next
to
the
river!
_______
many
big
cities,
London
has
problems
with
traffic
and
pollution.
Over
1,
000,000
people
a
day
use
the
London
also
where
Like
Underground,
________
there
are
still
too
many
cars
on
the
streets.
The
air
isn’t
clean,
_______
it
is
cleaner
than
it
was
100
years
ago.
For
me,
the
best
thing
about
London
is
the
parks,
of
_______
five
are
in
the
city
centre.
But
my
children’s
favourite
place
is
Hamleys,
_________is
the
biggest
toy
shop
in
the
world!
but
although
which
which
I
was
born
in
Newcastle,
a
city
in
the
north-east
of
England.
New-castle
is
on
the
bank
of
the
river
Tyne.
It
is
quite
big,
_________
a
population
of
about
200,
000
people.
There
is
a
cathedral
and
a
university.
There
are
five
bridges
________
the
River
Tyne,
______
links
Newcastle
语法填空
（二）
to
the
next
town
Gateshead,
______
there
is
one
of
the
biggest
shopping
centres
in
the
world,
the
Metro
Centre.
A
few
years
ago,
the
main
industries
were
shipbuilding
and
coal-mining,
________
now
the
chemical
and
soap
industries
are
more
important.
I
moved
from
Newcastle
ten
years
ago
but
I
often
return.
I
miss
the
people,
_________
are
so
warm
and
friendly,
and
I
miss
the
wild,
beautiful
countryside
near
the
city,
________
there
are
so
many
hills
and
streams.
People
_________
are
born
near
the
River
Tyne
have
a
special
name.
They
__________
(call)
‘Geordies’.
I
am
very
pleased
to
be
a
‘Geordie’!
I
was
born
in
Newcastle,
a
city
in
the
north-east
of
England.
New-castle
is
on
the
bank
of
the
river
Tyne.
It
is
quite
big,
_________
a
population
of
about
200,
000
people.
There
is
a
cathedral
and
a
university.
There
are
five
bridges
________
the
River
Tyne,
______
links
Newcastle
语法填空
（二）
with
over
which
to
the
next
town
Gateshead,
______
there
is
one
of
the
biggest
shopping
centres
in
the
world,
the
Metro
Centre.
A
few
years
ago,
the
main
industries
were
shipbuilding
and
coal-mining,
________
now
the
chemical
and
soap
industries
are
more
important.
where
but
I
moved
from
Newcastle
ten
years
ago
but
I
often
return.
I
miss
the
people,
_________
are
so
warm
and
friendly,
and
I
miss
the
wild,
beautiful
countryside
near
the
city,
________
there
are
so
many
hills
and
streams.
People
_________
are
born
near
the
River
Tyne
have
a
special
who
where
who
name.
They
__________
(call)
‘Geordies’.
I
am
very
pleased
to
be
a
‘Geordie’!
are
called
Cher
was
born
in
the
US
on
20
May
1946
in
El
Centro,
_________
is
on
the
California/Mexico
border.
_____
full
name
is
Cherilyn
Sarkisian
and
she
is
part-Cherokee
and
part-Armenian,
Turkish,
and
French.
She
left
high
school
when
she
was
16
and
went
to
Los
Angeles,
语法填空
（三）
_________
she
planned
to
take
acting
lessons.
There
she
met
Salvatore
Nono,
_______
was
working
at
the
Gold
Star
Studios
__________
Phil
Spector
was
recording
many
famous
singers.
He
discovered
that
Cher
could
sing,
and
they
became
the
singing
duo
Sonny
and
Cher.
Their
first
hit
song
was
'I
got
you
Babe,'
_______
topped
the
charts
in
1965.
Cher
was
still
only
19.
They
got
married
and
had
a
daughter,
_______
they
called
Chastity.
In
1975
Sonny
and
Cher
were
divorced,
and
later
that
year
Cher
married
Greg
Allmann,
_______was
another
famous
rock
star.
They
had
a
son
called
Elijah
Blue.
______
two
years
later
Cher
was
divorced
______
the
second
time
because
of
Allman's
drink
and
drugs
problems.
She
decided
to
turn
to
acting
again.
In
1982
she
appeared
in
her
first
major
film,
'Come
Back
to
the
Five
and
Dime,
Jimmy
Dean,
Jimmy
Dean,'
_______
was
well
received
by
the
critics
and
public.
She
went
on
to
win
Best
Actress
at
the
Cannes
Film
Festival
in
1985
for
her
role
in
'Mask',
and
finally
she
won
_____
Oscar
for
'Moonstruck'
in
1987.
________,
in
the
1990s
she
returned
to
pop
music
in
a
big
way.
She
has
had
three
number
one
hits
from
her
chart-topping
album
'Believe',
__________
has
reached
a
whole
new
audience.
In
her
long
career,
Cher
has
been
extremely
successful
______
as
a
serious
actress
and
as
a
pop
star,
_______
is
an
extraordinary
achievement.
Cher
was
born
in
the
US
on
20
May
1946
in
El
Centro,
_________
is
on
the
California/Mexico
border.
_____
full
name
is
Cherilyn
Sarkisian
and
she
is
part-Cherokee
and
part-Armenian,
Turkish,
and
French.
She
left
high
school
when
she
was
16
and
went
to
Los
Angeles,
语法填空
（三）
which
Her
_________
she
planned
to
take
acting
lessons.
There
she
met
Salvatore
Nono,
_______
was
working
at
the
Gold
Star
Studios
__________
Phil
Spector
was
recording
many
famous
singers.
He
discovered
that
Cher
could
sing,
and
they
became
the
singing
duo
Sonny
and
Cher.
Their
first
hit
song
was
'I
got
you
Babe,'
_______
where
who
where
which
topped
the
charts
in
1965.
Cher
was
still
only
19.
They
got
married
and
had
a
daughter,
_______
they
called
Chastity.
In
1975
Sonny
and
Cher
were
divorced,
and
later
that
year
Cher
married
Greg
Allmann,
_______was
another
famous
rock
star.
________
had
a
son
called
Elijah
Blue.
______
two
years
later
Cher
was
divorced
______
the
who/whom
who
They
But
for
second
time
because
of
Allman's
drink
and
drugs
problems.
She
decided
to
turn
to
acting
again.
In
1982
she
appeared
in
her
first
major
film,
'Come
Back
to
the
Five
and
Dime,
Jimmy
Dean,
Jimmy
Dean,'
_______
was
well
received
by
the
critics
and
public.
She
went
on
to
win
Best
Actress
at
the
Cannes
Film
Festival
in
1985
for
which
her
role
in
'Mask',
and
finally
she
won
_____
Oscar
for
'Moonstruck'
in
1987.
________,
in
the
1990s
she
returned
to
pop
music
in
a
big
way.
She
has
had
three
number
one
hits
from
her
chart-topping
album
'Believe',
__________
has
reached
a
whole
new
audience.
In
her
long
career,
Cher
has
been
extremely
successful
______
as
a
serious
an
However
which
both
actress
and
as
a
pop
star,
_______
is
an
extraordinary
achievement.
which
Montreal
in
Canada
is
the
largest
French-speaking
city
in
the
world
next
to
Paris.
It
has
a
population
of
2.8
million,
of
_______
two
thirds
have
French
ancestry.
French
is
the
official
language,
________
English
is
almost
as
common.
There
are
language
laws
_______
require
French
writing
语法填空（四）
in
public
places
to
be
twice
as
large
as
English.
Montral
is
situated
on
the
Saint
Lawrence
Seaway
and
is
a
vital
port
for
ships
__________
(travel)
to
the
Great
lakes
and
the
Atlantic.
It
lies
below
Mount
Royal,
the
ancient
volcano
after
________
the
city
is
named.
It
was
"discovered"
in
1535
by
the
French
explorer
Jacques
Cartier
________
is
a
wonderful
mix
of
old
and
new-ancient
stone
buildings
alongside
modern,
glass
and
steel.
The
climate
is
one
of
extremes:
summers
are
hot,
27℃,
_______
winter
temperatures
average
only
-10℃
_______
winter
lasts
four
to
five
months.
________,
in
order
that
you
don't
have
to
suffer
such
cold,
_______
have
built
an
underground
city
__________
(call)
'La
Ville
Souterraine'.
This
is
one
of
Montrel's
most
amazing
sights
_______
nearly
20
miles
of
walkways
below
street
level.
You
can
shop,
have
lunch,
watch
a
movie,
and
enter
a
hotel
________
ever
going
outside!
The
city
celebrates
the
arts
_______
a
big
way.
Visitors
from
all
over
the
world
travel
to
Montreal
for
______
many
film
and
jazz
festivals.
It's
also
the
gourmet
capital
of
North
America.
Not
only
can
you
find
some
of
the
world's
finest
restaurants
(over
5,000),
________
on
nearly
every
street
corner
you
can
buy
'poutine',
a
delicious
dish
of
French
fries
_______
(serve)
with
hot
cheese
and
brown
gravy.
All
in
all
Montreal
has
much
to
offer.
It
is
one
of
the__________
(interest)
cities
in
North
America.
Montreal
in
Canada
is
the
largest
French-speaking
city
in
the
world
next
to
Paris.
It
has
a
population
of
2.8
million,
of
_______
two
thirds
have
French
ancestry.
French
is
the
official
language,
________
English
is
almost
as
common.
There
are
language
laws
_______
require
French
writing
语法填空（四）
which
but
that/which
in
public
places
to
be
twice
as
large
as
English.
Montral
is
situated
on
the
Saint
Lawrence
Seaway
and
is
a
vital
port
for
ships
__________
(travel)
to
the
Great
lakes
and
the
Atlantic.
It
lies
below
Mount
Royal,
the
ancient
volcano
after
________
the
city
is
named.
It
was
"discovered"
in
1535
travelling
which
by
the
French
explorer
Jacques
Cartier
________
is
a
wonderful
mix
of
old
and
new-ancient
stone
buildings
alongside
modern,
glass
and
steel.
The
climate
is
one
of
extremes:
summers
are
hot,
27℃,
_______
winter
temperatures
average
only
-10℃
_______
winter
lasts
four
to
and
but
and
five
months.
________,
in
order
that
you
don't
have
to
suffer
such
cold,
_______
have
built
an
underground
city
__________
(call)
'La
Ville
Souterraine'.
This
is
one
of
Montrel's
most
amazing
sights
_______
nearly
20
miles
of
walkways
below
street
level.
You
can
shop,
have
lunch,
watch
a
movie,
and
enter
a
hotel
________
However
they
called
with
without
ever
going
outside!
The
city
celebrates
the
arts
_______
a
big
way.
Visitors
from
all
over
the
world
travel
to
Montreal
for
______
many
film
and
jazz
festivals.
It's
also
the
gourmet
capital
of
North
America.
Not
only
can
you
find
some
of
the
world's
finest
restaurants
(over
5,000),
in
its
________
on
nearly
every
street
corner
you
can
buy
'poutine',
a
delicious
dish
of
French
fries
_______
(serve)
with
hot
cheese
and
brown
gravy.
All
in
all
Montreal
has
much
to
offer.
It
is
one
of
the__________
(interest)
cities
in
North
America.
but
served
most
interesting
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