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(共48张PPT)
高中英语语法
第五讲
名词性从句的定义、分类和引导词
一、名词性从句定义
判断下列句子中划线名词充当什么成分
The
book
is
interesting.
I
like
English.
My
mother
is
a
doctor.
I
come
from
Fuding,
a
beautiful
city.
主语
宾语
表语
同位语
一、名词性从句定义
翻译划线部分句子并判断其在句中充当的成分
____________________
is
interesting.
他所说的很有趣.
I
like
___________________.
我喜欢你所说的。
My
mother
is
___________________.
我妈妈是我最爱的人。
This
is
my
idea
____________________________.
这是我的观点，英语很重要。
What
he
said
主语从句
what
you
said
宾语从句
whom
I
love
most
表语从句
that
English
is
important
同位语从句
思考
1.
一个句子在连接词的引导下，在句子中起________作用的句子叫名词性从句。
2．名词性从句相当于名词词组,
它在复合句中能担任哪些句子成分？
_________________________________________________________
3.
根据从句在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句可分为哪四类呢？
________________________________________________________
名词
主语，宾语，表语，同位语
主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
练习
判断下列从句类型。
1.
What
he
does
is
important.
(
)
2.
This
is
what
he
does
every
day.
(
)
3.
I
don’t
like
what
he
does
every
day.
(
)
4.
I
don’t
know
about
the
fact
that
he
is
a
teacher.
(
)
主语从句
表语从句
宾语从句
同位语从句
二、名词性从句的连接词
判断下面名词性从句的类型和连接词及其词义，并判断连接词在从句中充当的成分。
例：No
one
knows
who
took
away
the
key.
（
宾语从句）（
who
）（
谁
）（
主语
）
尝试
第一组：
1.That
we
will
realize
our
dreams
in
the
future
is
certain.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
2.I
really
feel
that
he
needs
more
experience.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
3.The
fact
is
that
Paris
will
hold
33rd
Olympic
Games
in
2024.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
4.Have
you
heard
the
news
that
Mary
will
be
back
soon?
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
that
无
无
宾从
that
无
无
表从
that
无
无
同从
that
无
无
5.Whether
she
will
come
back
on
time
depends
on
weather.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
6.The
problem
is
whether
you
could
give
us
some
valuable
advice.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
7.
Could
you
answer
the
question
whether
the
old
man
will
recover
soon?
（
）（
）（
）（
）
8.I
want
to
know
whether/if
she
still
lives
here.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
whether
是否
无
表从
whether
是否
无
同从
whether
是否
无
宾从
whether/if
是否
无
It
looks
as
if
it
is
going
to
rain．
（
）（
）（
）（
）
表从
as
if
好像
无
二、名词性从句的连接词
1)
连接词：that,
whether,
if,
as
if。that
______（有/无）词义，在从句中_______（要/不）担任成分，有时可省略；whether
/if
_______词义，译为_______，但在从句中_______担任成分；
as
if
_______词义，译为__________，在从句中_______担任成分，仅用于________从句；
思考
无
不
有
是否
不
有
似乎，好像
不
表语
二、名词性从句的连接词
①I
don’
t
care
about
__________
you
have
money
or
not.
②The
question
is
__________
Tom
is
able
to
arrive
on
time.
③__________
the
meeting
will
be
held
here
is
not
decided
yet.
④It
looks
__________
it
is
going
to
rain.
⑤The
truth
is
__________he
didn’t
come
for
the
concert.
⑥__________
the
earth
is
round
is
true.
练习
whether
whether
Whether
as
if
that
That
第二组：
10.
Who
broke
the
window
has
not
been
found
out.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
11.
The
trouble
is
who
could
lend
me
some
money.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
12.
He
wants
to
know
who
picked
up
his
mobile
phone.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
13.
Whom
you
will
learn
from
is
worth
thinking
over.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
They
don't
know
what
happened.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
She
is
no
longer
what
she
used
to
be.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
who
谁
主语
表从
who
谁
主语
宾从
who
谁
主语
主从
whom
谁
宾语
宾从
what
什么
主语
表从
what
...的人
表语
第二组：
Do
what
you
please.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
What
is
known
to
us
all
is
that
the
earth
moves
around
the
sun.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
What
she
said
is
not
true.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
They
agree
with
what
I
said
just
now.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
20.Which
class
is
suitable
for
us
isn’t
most
important.（
）（
）（
）（
）
宾从
what
...的事
宾语
主从
what
...的事
主语
主从
what
...的事
宾语
宾从
what
...的事
宾语
主从
which
哪个
定语
第二组：
Could
you
tell
me
which
one
is
right.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
Whose
bag
was
the
most
beautiful
is
still
unknown
now.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
23.He
asked
whose
handwriting
is
the
best
in
our
class.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
宾从
which
哪个
定语
主从
whose
谁的
定语
宾从
whose
谁的
定语
二、名词性从句的连接词
2)
连接代词：
who,
whom,
what,
which,
whose
________词义，在从句中_____担任成分，担任哪些成分？
________________________________________
思考
有
要
主语、宾语、表语、定语
二、名词性从句的连接词
①I
don’
t
believe
__________
he
has
achieved
so
far.
②He
wants
to
know
__________
picked
up
his
mobile
phone.
③What
he
wants
to
ask
you
now
is
__________
team
won
the
game.
④I
don’t
know
__________
book
it
is.
⑤The
thing
I
am
anxious
about
is
__________
he
will
turn
to
for
help.
练习
what
who
which
whose
whom
第三组：
24.Whoever
could
solve
the
problem
will
be
rewarded.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
25.You
should
appreciate
whoever
helped
you
in
the
past.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
26.Whomever
you
will
meet
in
the
meeting
is
excellent.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
27.It
is
unwise
to
give
your
child
whatever
he
wants.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
whoever
无论谁
主语
宾从
whoever
无论谁
主语
主从
whomever
无论谁
宾语
宾从
whatever
无论什么
宾语
第三组：
28.Whatever
you
did
in
the
past
was
very
meaningful.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
29.We
should
do
whatever
is
worth
doing.
（
）（
）（
）
（
）
30.You
could
choose
whichever
book
you
want.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
whatever
无论什么
宾语
宾从
whatever
无论什么
主语
宾从
whichever
无论哪个
定语
二、名词性从句的连接词
3)
连接代词：
whoever,
whomever,
whatever,
whichever
________词义，在从句中_____担任成分，担任哪些成分？
________________________________________
思考
有
要
主语、宾语、表语、定语
二、名词性从句的连接词
①I
will
praise
__________
could
work
out
the
question
.
②Do
__________
you
like.
③He
was
free
to
marry
__________
he
chose.
④Choose
__________
brand
you
prefer.
练习
whoever
whatever
whomever
whichever
第四组：
31.When
the
meeting
will
begin
isn’t
decided
now.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
32.The
question
is
when
he
could
recover
from
the
disease.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
He
asked
us
when
we
would
graduate
from
the
school.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
34.Where
I
could
buy
the
book
is
uncertain
now.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
35.His
question
was
where
we
would
hold
the
opening
ceremony.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
主从
when
什么时候
状语
表从
when
什么时候
状语
宾从
when
什么时候
状语
主从
where
什么地方
状语
表从
where
什么地方
状语
第四组：
36.I
couldn’t
tell
you
where
they
have
been
living.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
37.That
is
why
she
left
home
yesterday.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
38.I
just
want
to
ask
you
why
I
was
fired.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
39.How
the
thief
stole
the
bike
is
still
a
mystery.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
40.I
will
go
to
ask
my
teacher
how
I
could
work
out
the
problem.
（
）（
）（
）（
）
宾从
where
什么地方/哪里
状语
表从
why
为什么
状语
宾从
why
为什么
状语
主从
how
如何
状语
宾从
how
如何
状语
二、名词性从句的连接词
4)
连接副词：when,
where,
why,
how________词义，在从句中_____担任成分，担任哪个成分？________________________________________
思考
有
要
状语
二、名词性从句的连接词
①__________
we
will
hand
in
the
project
will
be
discussed
later.
②Parents
are
thought
to
understand
__________
important
education
is
to
their
children
’s
future.
③Mary
wrote
an
article
on
____
the
team
had
failed
to
win
the
game.
练习
When
how
why
从属连词
类别
词义
充当成分
that
连接词
?
?
whether/if
?
?
as
if
无
无
是否
无
好像
无
who
连接代词
?
?
whom
?
?
what
?
?
which
?
?
whose
?
?
whoever
?
?
whomever
?
?
whatever
?
?
whichever
?
?
从属连词
类别
词义
充当成分
谁
主语
谁
宾语
（1）什么（2）,,
的人/事/物
主、宾、表
哪一个/哪些
定语
谁的
定语
无论谁
主语
无论谁
宾语
无论什么
主、宾、表
无论哪一个/哪些
定语
when
连接副词
?
?
where
?
?
why
?
?
how
?
?
从属连词
类别
词义
充当成分
什么时候
状语
什么地方
状语
为什么
状语
如何
状语
易混辨析
一、
If与whether的区别：
If
只能引导两种名词性从句：宾语从句、不放于句首的主语从句。Whether四种从句均可以引导。
1.
__________
she
will
come
back
on
time
depends
on
weather.
2.
It
depends
on
weather
____________
she
will
come
back
on
time.
3.
I
asked
him
____________
he
could
do
me
a
favor.
4.
The
question
is
____________
he
will
come
tomorrow.
尝试
Whether
whether
whether/if
whether
一、
If与whether的区别：
5.I
can’t
answer
the
question
__________
he
will
come
tomorrow.
6.It
depends
on
__________
it
will
be
fine
tomorrow.
7.I
don’t
know
____________
he
will
come
or
not.
8.I
don’t
know
____________
or
not
he
will
come.
尝试
whether
whether
whether/if
whether
一、
If与whether的区别：
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句，而whether可以。
2、引导表语从句用whether，不用if。
3、引导同位语从句用whether，不用if。
4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语，不用if
。
5、whether
or
not
连在一起可以，但if不可以。
总结
一、
If与whether的区别：
1.
I
asked
her
__________
she
had
a
bike.
2.
____________
we
will
hold
a
party
in
the
open
air
tomorrow
depends
on
the
weather.
3.
We’re
worried
about
________
he
is
safe.
4.
I
don’t
know
___________
he
is
well
or
not.
5.
I
don’t
know
_____________
or
not
he
is
well.
6.
The
question
is
_____________
he
should
do
it.
7.
The
doctor
can
hardly
answer
the
question
_____________
the
old
man
will
recover
soon.
练习：请用if
/
whether填空
whether/if
Whether
whether
whether/if
whether
whether
whether
二、
that与what的区别：
1.
I
know
________
he
is
kind.
/
I
know
_________
he
wants.
2.
________
he
likes
reading
is
true.
/
_______
he
likes
is
reading.
3.
The
truth
is
________
he
doesn’t
like
reading.
/
This
is
________
I
want
to
say.
4.
The
news
_________
he
won
the
game
is
exciting.
5.
I
have
no
idea
_________
is
going
on
in
the
classroom.
尝试
that
what
That
What
that
what
that
what
二、
that与what的区别：
that和what都可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，that在从句中只起________作用，________（充当/不充当）成分；what在从句中不仅起________作用，还在从句中________（充当/不充当）成分。
思考
连接
不充当
连接
充当
二、
that与what的区别：
1.
__________
he
wants
is
a
book.
2.
__________
he
wants
to
go
there
is
obvious.
3.
The
result
is
__________
we
won
the
game.
4.
This
is
__________
we
want
to
know.
5.
Is
__________
he
told
us
true
?
6.
We
should
pay
attention
to
__________
the
teacher
is
saying.
7.
I
have
no
doubt
__________
he
will
come.
8.
I
have
no
idea
__________
he
did
that
afternoon.
练习：请用that
/
what填空
What
That
that
what
what
what
that
what
三、
what与which的区别
1.
I
don’t
know
________
you
want
to
choose.
2.
I
don’t
know
________
one
you
want
to
choose
from
the
three
jobs.
尝试
what
which
三、
what与which的区别
what
___________（特指/泛指）事物，_________（有/没有）一定的范围；which特指事物中的_____________，_________（有/没有）一定的范围
思考
泛指
没有
哪一个
有
四、
who,
what,
which与whoever,
whatever,
whichever的区别：
1.
I
don’t
know
________
broke
the
window.
2.
_________
broke
the
window
will
be
punished.
3.
I
don’t
know
________
I
should
do.
4.
You
can
listen
to
__________
kind
of
music
you
like.
5.
Could
you
tell
me
__________
one
is
right.
6.
You
could
choose
____________
book
you
want.
尝试
who
Whoever
what
whatever
which
whichever
四、
who,
what,
which与whoever,
whatever,
whichever的区别：
在引导名词性从句时，who,
what,
which有________意味；whoever,
whatever,
whichever不含有________意味。
思考
疑问
疑问
四、
who,
what,
which与whoever,
whatever,
whichever的区别：
1.
Who
broke
the
rule
will
be
punished.
2.
Whoever
stole
the
car
is
not
clear.
练习：判断正误
×
×
1.
_____
she
wants
is
a
book.
2.
______light
travels
in
straight
lines
is
known
to
all.
What
That
_________
______
_______
6.
—I
don’t
know
we
will
go.
—The
school
where
his
father
works.
7.
—I
don’t
know
we
will
go.
where
how
___
_________
_________
用that
/
what填空：
1.______
he
wants
is
a
book.
2.
______
he
wants
to
go
there
is
obvious.
3.The
result
is
______
we
won
the
game.
4.This
is
_____
we
want
to
know.
5.Is
_____
he
told
us
true
?
6.We
should
pay
attention
to
______
the
teacher
is
saying.
7.
I
have
no
doubt
_____
he
will
come.
8.
I
have
no
idea
_____
he
did
that
afternoon.
What
That
that
what
what
what
that
what
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
1．________________________________
is
unimportant
to
me.
(Does
she
come?)
2．________________________________
remains
uncertain.
(Shall
we
have
the
match?)
3．I
wonder
________________________________.
(Should
we
wait
for
him?)
4．No
one
knows
exactly
________________________________
(Is
there
life
on
other
planets?)
5．I
am
interested
in
the
question
___________________________________________.
(Will
people
live
on
the
moon
someday?)
Whether
she
comes
Whether
we
shall
have
the
match
whether
we
should
wait
for
him
whether
there
is
life
on
other
planets
whether
people
will
live
on
the
moon
someday
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
6．My
question
is
_________________________________________.
(Do
we
have
enough
time
to
go
to
the
movie?)
7．Do
you
know
___________________________________?
(Does
sound
travel
faster
than
light?)
8．I
don't
know
________________________________.
(How
old
is
he?)
9．________________________________
was
interesting.
(What
was
he
talking
about?)
10．Do
you
know
________________________________?
(What's
on
TV
tonight?)
whether
we
have
enough
time
to
go
to
the
movies
whether
sound
travels
faster
than
light
how
old
he
is
What
he
was
talking
about
what’s
on
TV
tonight
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
11．Please
tell
me
________________________________.
(Where
do
you
live?)
12．I
wonder
________________________________.
(Why
did
dinosaurs
become
extinct?)
13．________________________________
wasn't
true.
(What
did
she
say?)
14．________________________________
is
true.
(What
did
he
tell
you?)
15．____________________________________
is
still
a
mystery.
(Why
did
they
refuse
to
cooperate
with
us?)
where
you
live
why
dinosaurs
became
extinct
What
she
said
What
he
told
you
Why
they
refused
to
cooperate
with
us
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
16．Do
you
know
________________________________?
(When
are
they
coming?)
17．I
can't
remember
________________________________.
(How
much
does
it
cost?)
18．Let's
ask
him
________________________________.
(Which
book
does
he
want?)
19．I
don't
know
________________________________.
(Who
is
coming
to
the
party?)
20．I
don't
know
________________________________.
(Who
are
those
people?)
when
they
are
coming
how
much
it
costs
which
book
he
wants
who
is
coming
to
the
party
who
those
people
are
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
21．Do
you
know
________________________________?
(Whose
pen
is
this?)
22．________________________________
is
a
secret.
(Why
did
they
leave
the
country?)
23．________________________________
is
none
of
your
business.
(Where
did
she
go?)
24．__________________________________________
will
be
forever
etched
in
our
memories.
(What
happened
on
the
morning
of
September
11?
)
25．I
don't
remember
________________________________.
(How
many
letters
are
there
in
the
English
alphabet?)
whose
pen
this
is
Why
they
left
the
country
Where
she
went
What
happened
on
the
morning
of
September
11
how
many
letters
there
are
in
the
English
alphabet
综合应用能力提升
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
26．I
need
to
find
out
______________________________________.
(How
old
does
a
person
have
to
be
to
get
a
driver's
license?)
27．The
little
boy
wants
to
know
____________________________________________________.
(Do
animals
have
the
same
emotions
as
human
beings?)
28．The
little
boy
wants
to
know
________________________________.
(Why
is
the
water
of
the
sea
salty?)
how
old
a
person
have
to
be
to
get
a
driver’s
license
whether
animals
have
the
same
emotions
as
human
beings
why
the
water
of
the
sea
is
salty

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