资源简介

When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”2022高考英语阅读题型专项讲解之原因型细节题（教师版）
目录
内容
Section
A
高考真题练手
Section
B
解题技巧及步骤梳理
Section
C
例题练习及讲解
Section
D
课堂限时训练
Section
E
课后练习巩固
（一）
When
I
was
15,
my
family
moved
to
Washington.
I
tried
skateboarding
there,
but
the
locals
were
far
less
welcoming.
Within
a
couple
of
years,
I'd
given
it
up.
When
I
returned
to
London
in
2004,
I
found
myself
wandering
down
to
Southbank,
spending
hours
there.
I've
traveled
back
several
times
since,
most
recently
this
past
spring.
The
day
was
cold
but
clear:
tourists
and
Londoners
stopped
to
watch
the
skaters.
Weaving（穿梭）among
the
kids
who
rushed
by
on
their
boards,
I
found
my
way
to
the
beam.
Then
a
rail—thin
teenager,
in
a
baggy
white
T—shirt,
skidded（滑）up
to
the
beam.
He
sat
next
to
me.
He
seemed
not
to
notice
the
man
next
to
him.
But
soon
I
caught
a
few
of
his
glances.
“I
was
a
local
here
20
years
ago,”
I
told
him.
Then,
slowly,
he
began
to
nod
his
head.
“Safe,
man.
Safe.”
1：Why
did
the
author
like
to
spend
time
in
Southbank
when
he
returned
to
London?
A.
To
join
the
skateboarding.
B.
To
make
new
friends.
C.
To
learn
more
tricks.
D.
To
relive
his
childhood
days
【解析】
原因型细节题。根据第四段““I
was
a
local
here
20
years
ago,"
I
told
him.
Then,
slowly,
he
began
to
nod
his
head.
“Safe,
man.
Safe.””(我告诉他：“我20年前经常在这里玩滑板，”他缓慢地开始向我点头：“嗨，你好！”)”可推知，作者去Southbank这个地方是为了寻找自己玩滑板的回忆，故选D。
（二）
Most
page
turners
are
piano
students
or
up-and-coming
concert
pianists,
although
Ms
Raspopova
has
once
asked
her
husband
to
help
her
out
on
stage.
“My
husband
is
the
worst
page
turner,”
she
laughed.
“He’s
interested
in
the
music,
feeling
every
note,
and
I
have
to
say:
‘Turn,
turn!’
“Robert
is
the
best
page
turner
I’ve
had
in
my
entire
life.”
2.Why
is
Ms
Raspopova’s
husband
“the
worse
page
turner”?
A
He
has
very
poor
eyesight.
B.
He
ignores
the
audience.
C.
He
has
no
interest
in
music.
D.
He
forgets
to
do
his
job.
【解析】
原因型细节题。根据最后一段“He’s
interested
in
the
music,
feeling
every
note,
and
I
have
to
say:
‘Turn,
turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms
Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D项。
（三）
Leslie
Nielsen’s
childhood
was
a
difficult
one,
but
he
had
one
particular
shining
star
in
his
life
—
his
uncle,
who
was
a
well-known
actor.
The
admiration
and
respect
his
uncle
earned
inspired
Nielsen
to
make
a
career
(职业)
in
acting.
Even
though
he
often
felt
he
would
be
discovered
to
be
a
no-talent,
he
moved
forward,
gaining
a
scholarship
to
the
Neighborhood
Playhouse
and
making
his
first
television
appearance
a
few
years
later
in
1948.
However,
becoming
a
full-time,
successful
actor
would
still
be
an
uphill
battle
for
another
eight
years
until
he
landed
a
number
of
film
roles
that
finally
got
him
noticed.
3：Why
did
Nielsen
want
to
be
an
actor?
A.
He
enjoyed
watching
movies.
B.
He
was
eager
to
earn
money.
C.
He
wanted
to
be
like
his
uncle
D.
He
felt
he
was
good
at
acting.
【解析】
原因型细节题。通过文章第一段“his
uncle,
who
was
a
well-known
actor.
The
admiration
and
respect
his
uncle
earned
inspired
Nielsen
to
make
a
career
in
acting.
(他的叔叔，是一位著名的演员。Nielsen的叔叔所赢得的钦佩和尊重激励他走上了演艺事业)”可知，Nielsen想当演员的原因是想像他叔叔一样。故选C项
一、原因型细节题概念及特点
原因型细节题的本质还是细节题；不过考查的是对于学生对于事实点原因的探究；这就要求学生根据关键词定位之后还要去前后分析原因所在句式；一定在这里要注意以下几点：
1.问的是主要原因或真正原因，而命题人员总把一些次要的，非直接的，非根本的原因放进选项。由于这些次要的原因也是文章中提到的，因此考生如不仔细，往往会把次要原因当作答案。
这就告诉我们，做这类题目，首先要注意问题中的the
main/chief/real
cause
(reason,
factor)这些词，提醒自己，问题问的是主要原因。然后分析事物的诸多的原因，理出最主要
的，直接的，根本的原因。
2.问的是事物的原因，但出现在选项里的还有事物的后果、影响。由子这些后果、影响和原因一样，都是指一件事，且都出现在同一相关段，或相关句中，稍不留心，就会搞错。
二、原因细节题的设问形式
why
does/did...........？
What’s
the
main
cause
of....?
.........due
to/because
of
.........
What’s
the
purpose
of......?
三、原因型细节题解题步骤及方法
一：原因细节题和细节题之间的区别
普通细节题
原因型细节题
1：题目找词
1：题目找词
2：文中找词
2：文中找词
3：确定句子
3：确定事实所在句
4：选择答案
4：分析原因所在句
5：选择答案
二：如何分析原因所在句
1：因果关系提示词：因为….所以…
because;
since;
as;
for;
thus;
therefore;
thereby;
as
a
result
;reason
;
why
2:
哲学角度
a：目的论原因——原因=结果
英语：目的：for
purpose；to
do
sth；in
order
to/that；so
that=原因
3：机械化角度：
汉语：
A导致了B的发生
A：原因
B：结果
英语：
A
leads
to
B
A：reason
B：cause
eg：受热膨胀
当气体受热时，会膨胀
a：when
如果气体受热；它会膨胀
b：if
如果气体不受热；它就不会膨胀
c：否A则否B
例题1：
More
than
25
years
ago,
Saroo
Brierley
lived
in
rural（农村）India.
One
day,
he
played
with
his
brother
along
the
rail
line
and
fell
asleep.
When
he
woke
up
and
found
himself
alone,
the
4-year-old
decided
his
brother
might
be
on
the
train
he
saw
in
front
of
him-so
he
got
on.
That
train
took
him
a
thousand
miles
across
the
country
to
a
totally
strange
city.
He
lived
on
the
streets,
and
then
in
an
orphanage（孤儿院）.
There,
he
was
adopted
by
an
Australian
family
and
flown
to
Tasmania.
1：Why
was
Brierley
separated
from
his
family
about
25
years
ago?
A．He
got
on
a
train
by
mistake.
B．He
got
lost
while
playing
in
the
street.
C．He
was
taken
away
by
a
foreigner.
D．He
was
adopted
by
an
Australian
family.
解析：原因型细节题。
根据第一段最后一句“When
he
woke
up
and
found
himself
alone:
the
4-year-old
decided
his
brother
might
be
on
the
train
he
saw
in
front
of
him-so
he
got
on.(当他醒来发现自己一个人时：4岁的孩子判断他哥哥可能在他前面看到的火车上，所以他上了车)”以及第二段中“That
train
took
him
a
thousand
miles
across
the
country
to
a
totally
strange
city.(那列火车把他带到了一个千里迢迢之外的陌生城市）”可知，布尔利在25年前和家人分开是因为他误上了火车。故选A项。
例题2：Two
hours
before
my
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.
2．Why
did
the
author's
husband
have
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday?
A．The
birthday
cake
was
ruined.
B．The
author
made
good
puddings.
C．Pudding
was
his
favorite
dessert.
D．They
couldn't
afford
a
birthday
cake.
解析：根据选段“Two
hours
before
my
husband
came
back
home
from
another
job
interview,
my
daughter
climbed
up
to
grab
a
glass
vase
from
a
high
shelf.
It
fell
and
crashed
beside
the
cake.
Tiny
pieces
of
glass
were
everywhere.
She
sobbed
loudly
as
I
threw
the
cake
away.
My
husband
had
banana
pudding
for
his
birthday.(就在我丈夫参加另一场工作面试回家前两个小时，我女儿爬到一个高高的架子上，抓起一个玻璃花瓶。它掉下来摔碎在蛋糕旁边。到处都是细小的玻璃碎片。我把蛋糕扔掉时，她大声抽泣。我丈夫生日吃了香蕉布丁)”可知，作者的丈夫过生日吃了香蕉布丁是因为生日蛋糕毁了。故选A。
例题3：The
poignancy
of
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.
3：Why
does
the
author
mention
The
Last
Dance
in
the
passage?
A．To
prove
a
theory.
B．To
define
a
concept.
C．To
develop
the
theme.
D．To
provide
the
background.
解析：原因型细节题。根据倒数第三段“The
poignancy
of
Jordan
retiring
from
his
beloved
basketball
to
play
baseball
and
what
had
pushed
him
to
make
such
a
tough
decision
took
me
by
surprise.
As
I
watched
him
take
off
his
basketball
uniform
and
replace
it
with
a
baseball
uniform,
I
saw
him
leaving
behind
the
layer
that
no
longer
served
him,
just
as
our
lizard
had.
Neither
of
them
chose
the
moment
that
had
transformed
them.
But
they
had
to
live
with
who
they
were
after
everything
was
different.
Just
like
us.
I
realized
that
we
have
to
learn
to
leave
the
past
behind.(
Jordan从心爱的篮球退役，转而打棒球，这是多么令人痛心的事情，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我感到惊讶。当我看着他脱下篮球服，换上棒球服时，我看到他脱下了那层不再适合他的衣服，就像我们的蜥蜴一样。他们都没有选择那个改变了他们的时刻。但他们必须和自己生活在一起因为一切都变了。就像我们一样。我意识到我们必须学会把过去抛在脑后)”以及最后一段“Jordan
said
that
no
matter
how
it
ends,
it
starts
with
hope.
With
our
tender,
hopeful
skin,
that
is
where
we
begin.(
Jordan说，不管结局如何，都是以希望开始的。用我们柔嫩、充满希望的皮肤，那是我们的起点)”可推知，作者在文章中提到The
Last
Dance是为了展开文章关于放手过去，重新开始的主题。故选C。
例题4：The
school
bus
driver
learned
about
Dawn’s
situation
and
invited
Dawn
to
move
in
with
her
family.
Soon,
Dawn
had
a
job
at
Burns
High
School.She
worked
from
6
a.
m.to
7：40
a.
m.before
the
first
school
bell
rang.She
swept
floors
and
picked
up
trash
again
in
the
afternoons,
before
diving
into
her
studies
in
the
evenings.
Dawn’s
hard
work
paid
off.She
finished
school
with
a
3.9
GPA
and
scored
2,
110
on
the
SAT.
“There
were
times
when
I
felt
like
it
would
be
easiest
if
I
gave
up,
”the
18?year?old
said.
“But
it
was
never
in
me
to
give
up,
because
I
realized
that
I
was
never
going
to
be
successful
unless
I
got
an
education.”
4：Why
didn’t
Dawn
give
up
her
studies?
A．To
reconnect
with
her
family.
B．To
thank
those
who
had
helped
her.
C．To
get
an
education
to
be
successful.
D．To
realize
her
dream
of
going
to
Harvard.
解析：原因型细节题。根据选段“But
it
was
never
in
me
to
give
up,
because
I
realized
that
I
was
never
going
to
be
successful
unless
I
got
an
education.(但我从不放弃，因为我意识到，除非我接受了教育，否则我永远不会成功)”可知，Dawn认为，只有接受了教育才能成功。因此，Dawn不放弃学业的原因是C项“To
get
an
education
to
be
successful(为了获得成功的教育)”符合题意。故选C项。
（A）
This
store
in
Seattle
opened
in
1971
and
took
its
name
from
Starbuck,
a
sailor
in
the
classic
novel
Moby
Dick.
Its
logo
was
a
two-tailed
mermaid.
Fascinated
by
its
owners'
commitment
to
coffee,
Schultz
joined
Starbucks.
Later,
on
a
trip
to
Europe,
he
was
impressed
by
the
way
that
street
cafés
in
Italy
were
both
meeting
points
and
places
to
drink
espresso.
This
was
something
American
didn't
have
yet.
1：Why
did
Schultz
decide
to
join
Starbucks?
A．He
wanted
to
expand
his
business
of
equipment.
B．His
trip
Europe
instructed
him
and
changed
his
initial
mind.
C．He
was
struck
by
the
its
owner's
devotion
to
coffee.
解析：原因型细节题。根据选段中“Fascinated
by
its
owners'
commitment
to
coffee,
Schultz
joined
Starbucks.(
Schultz被老板对咖啡的投入所吸引，加入了星巴克)”可知，由于主人对咖啡的投入，Schultz加入了星巴克。故选C。
（B）
Adventure-seeker
Emma
broke
her
ankle
when
she
fell
awkwardly
while
climbing
a
rock
and
spent
a
week
in
hospital
waiting
for
an
operation
on
her
foot.
When
she
was
sent
home
to
recover
under
strict
instructions
not
to
bear
any
weight,
she
became
so
fearful
of
crutches
(拐杖)
that
she
didn't
move
for
three
weeks.
“I
tried
crutches
but
I
kept
falling
over
and
injuring
myself.
So
I
literally
just
stayed
on
the
sofa
all
day,
”
says
Emma.
1：Why
was
Emma
frightened
to
use
a
crutch?
A．She
was
afraid
of
recovering
slowly.
B．She
was
warned
not
to
move
around.
C．She
just
had
an
operation
on
her
foot.
D．She
often
got
injured
when
using
one.
解析：
原因型细节题。根据选段中“I
tried
crutches
but
I
kept
falling
over
and
injuring
myself.
So
I
literally
just
stayed
on
the
sofa
all
day,
”
says
Emma.“我试过用拐杖，但总是摔倒受伤。所以我真的一整天都呆在沙发上，”艾玛说。由此可知，爱玛不敢使用拐杖是因为她经常在使用时受伤。故选D。
（C）
Saying
that
brought
back
memories
of
expressing
my
love
and
appreciation
for
all
my
dad
had
done
for
me.
Recognizing
that
his
days
were
limited,
I
took
the
time
to
tell
him
face
to
face
how
much
he
meant
to
me.
So
I
knew
what
this
man
was
experiencing.
''Forgive
me
for
asking,
but
why
is
this
a
forever
good-bye?"
I
asked.
''I
am
old
and
she
lives
much
too
far
away.
I
have
challenges
ahead
and
the
reality
is,
her
next
trip
back
will
be
for
my
funeral,"
he
said.
"When
you
were
saying
good-bye,
I
heard
you
say,
'I
wish
you
enough.'
May
I
ask
what
that
means?”
1．Why
did
father
say
it
was
a
forever
good-bye?
A．He
would
wait
for
his
daughter.
B．He
thought
his
days
were
limited.
C．His
daughter
wouldn't
come
back.
D．He
had
a
quarrel
with
his
daughter.
解析：
根据文章选段“'I
am
old
and
she
lives
much
too
far
away.
I
have
challenges
ahead
and
the
reality
is,
her
next
trip
back
will
be
for
my
funeral,”
he
said.（“我已经老了，她住得太远了。我前方有很多挑战，现实是，她下一次回来的旅行将是参加我的葬礼。”他说。）由此可知，因为女儿住的太远，而自己已经老了，所以可能会出现很多状况，因此这位父亲认为这一次可能就是永别是因为自己可能没有多少时间了，故选B。
（A）
Yellow
smiled
quietly:
"You
are
so
serious.
I
bring
laughter,
pleasure,
and
warmth
into
the
world.
The
sun
is
yellow,
the
moon
is
yellow,
the
stars
are
yellow.
Without
me
there
would
be
no
fun."
Orange
started
next
to
blow
herself:
"I
am
the
color
of
health
and
strength.
I
may
be
scarce（稀有的）,
but
I
am
precious
for
I
serve
the
needs
of
human
life.
I
carry
the
most
important
vitamins."
Red
could
stand
it
no
longer,
shouting
out:
"I
am
the
ruler
of
all
of
you.
I
am
blood-life's
blood!
I
am
the
color
of
danger
and
of
bravery.
Without
me,
the
earth
would
be
as
empty
as
the
moon."
1.
Why
does
Orange
consider
herself
precious?
A．She
serves
the
needs
of
human
life.
B．She
is
the
ruler
of
all
colors.
C．She
is
the
sign
of
life
and
of
hope.
D．She
brings
laughter
into
the
world.
参考解析
原因型细节题。由选段“Orange
started
next
to
blow
herself:
"I
am
the
color
of
health
and
strength.
I
may
be
scarce（稀有的）,
but
I
am
precious
for
I
serve
the
needs
of
human
life.
I
carry
the
most
important
vitamins."”（橘黄色接着开始自吹：“我是健康和力量的颜色。我可能是稀缺的，但我是宝贵的，因为我服务于人类生活的需要。我携带最重要的维生素。”），可知橘黄色认为自己很珍贵，是因为她服务于人类生活的需要。
（B）
I
stared
blankly.
“What?”
I
asked.
“About
organ
donation,”
he
replied.
I
swallowed
hard.
Surely
this
would
be
the
last
thing
they'd
want
to
talk
about.
It
felt
acutely
awkward
and
ill-timed
to
be
considering
this
kind
of
conversation
while
they
were
being
engulfed
in
grief.
But
the
problem
with
organ
donation
is
that
every
minute
counts.
The
clock
is
ticking
because
the
sooner
organs
can
be
transplanted,
the
better
the
chance
they
will
survive
in
the
recipient's
(接受者)
body.
I
began
to
feel
sick.
I
opened
the
door
and
sat
opposite
them,
convinced
that
I
was
only
going
to
make
things
worse
for
them.
1：Why
did
the
author
feel
sick?
He
was
caught
in
a
dilemma.
He
was
seriously
ill
at
that
time.
He
failed
to
transplant
the
organ.
The
woman's
chance
of
survival
was
slim.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据文章选段“It
felt
acutely
awkward
and
ill-timed
to
be
considering
this
kind
of
conversation
while
they
were
being
engulfed
in
grief.
(在他们沉浸在悲痛之中的时候考虑这种谈话，实在是非常尴尬和不合时宜)”可推知，作者感到很难受，因为他陷入了进退两难的境地。故选A。
（C）
He
saw
a
gap
in
the
market
for
someone
able
to
properly
handle
the
death
of
pets.
“A
pet
funeral
service
provides
treatment
of
the
bodies
that
is
harm-free,
and
it
is
the
greatest
comfort
to
pet
owners,”
Lyu
said.
He
takes
good
care
of
the
remains
of
the
pets
and
tidies
up
their
appearance
before
the
funeral.
In
addition,
he
prepares
funeral
addresses
and
selects
suitable
tombs
for
the
pets.
He
also
films
funerals
for
owners
who
cannot
attend
the
ceremonies,
and
provides
paper
and
pens
for
those
who
want
to
write
down
their
blessings
and
hang
the
notes
on
the
wishing
tree.
1：Why
did
Lyu
start
the
business
on
pet
funeral
service?
A．Because
he
could
earn
a
lot
of
money
from
it.
B．Because
he
thought
it
met
the
market
requirement.
C．Because
he
thought
it
would
be
a
unique
and
challenging
business.
D．Because
he
could
help
owners
bury
their
dead
pets
near
their
homes.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据选段中“He
saw
a
gap
in
the
market
for
someone
able
to
properly
handle
the
death
of
pets.”（他发现市场上缺少一个能够适当处理宠物死亡的人。）可知，Lyu
开始他的事业是因为看到了宠物殡葬行业比较稀缺，他从中看到市场需求。故选B项。
（D）
I
was
born
in
the
state
of
Michoacán.
I
was
born
in
a
small
town
called
Quinceo.
Life
there
was
simple
and
peaceful.
There
was
a
small
market
where
we
would
go
on
Sundays.
There
was
a
corral
where
we
would
go
and
watch
rodeos.
After
school,
my
friends
and
I
would
go
for
a
swim
in
a
creek.
My
mom
did
not
work;
she
stayed
at
home
taking
care
of
our
family.
Life
in
Quinceo
was
nice,
but
money
was
sometimes
not
enough
to
support
us.
1：Why
did
the
family
move
to
the
US?
A．Because
they
were
in
need
of
more
money.
B．Because
the
mother
found
no
peace
in
Quinceo.
C．Because
they
wanted
to
experience
a
new
culture.
D．Because
the
author
could
have
new
friends.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据第二段Life
in
Quinceo
was
nice,
but
money
was
sometimes
not
enough
to
support
us(在Quinceo的生活很好，但钱有时不足以维持我们的生活)可知，作者全家搬到美国，因为他们需要更多的钱。故选A。
（E）
Earlier
this
year
I
did
a
part-time
comedy
course.
The
class
was
taught
by
Ryan,
a
professional
comedian.I
had
performed
a
show,
which
wasn’t
originally
meant
to
be
a
comedy.
However,
the
audience
laughed
at
my
first
joke,
then
continued
to
laugh
throughout
the
routines
that
were
meant
to
be
serious.
So
it
was
the
audience
who
told
me
I
was
funny,
but
I
didn’
t
understand
why
or
how
to
control
the
comic
(滑稽的)
moments.
So,
I
joined
the
course
to
learn.
1：Why
did
the
author
attend
the
comedy
course?
A．He
wanted
to
see
how
the
theories
worked
in
practice.
B．He
discovered
he
had
some
natural
ability
in
comedy.
C．He
worried
about
how
other
performers
would
find
him.
D．He
got
unpleasant
experiences
when
performing
a
comedy.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据选段中So
it
was
the
audience
who
told
me
I
was
funny,
but
I
didn’
t
understand
why
or
how
to
control
the
comic
(滑稽的)
moments.
So,
I
joined
the
course
to
learn.可知，作者参加了喜剧课程，因为他发现自己在喜剧方面有一定的天赋。故选B。
（F）
Despite
the
benefits
of
nurturing
girls,
some
countries
have
still
failed
to
grasp
them.
Only
one
girl
in
three
south
of
the
Sahara
finishes
her
secondary
education.
The
COVID-19
pandemic
could
disturb
progress
for
girls
in
poor
countries,
or
even
reverse
it.
When
Ebola
forced
west
African
schools
to
close
in
2014,
many
girls
dropped
out,
never
went
back
and
ended
up
pregnant
or
as
child
laborers.
UNICEF
warns
that
something
similar
could
happen
with
COVID-19—but
on
a
larger
scale.
1：Why
is
Ebola
mentioned
in
the
last
paragraph?
A．To
prove
COVID-19
is
more
serious
than
Ebola.
B．To
warn
that
girls
may
suffer
a
lot
in
COVID-19.
C．To
appeal
to
all
to
pay
attention
to
the
poor
countries.
D．To
stress
the
importance
of
controlling
the
disasters.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据选段“When
Ebola
forced
west
African
schools
to
close
in
2014,
many
girls
dropped
out,
never
went
back
and
ended
up
pregnant
or
as
child
laborers.
UNICEF
warns
that
something
similar
could
happen
with
COVID-19—but
on
a
larger
scale.（2014年，当埃博拉病毒迫使西非学校关闭时，许多女孩辍学，再也没有回去，最终怀孕或成为童工。联合国儿童基金会警告称，COVID-19也可能发生类似情况，但规模会更大。）”可推断，最后一段提到了埃博拉为了警告人们女孩在COVID-19中可能遭受很大痛苦。故选B项。
（G）
Earthworms
don’t
move
fast.
But
humans
can
accelerate
the
worms’
spread.
Fishermen
often
use
invasive(蔓延性的)
earthworms
to
catch
fish.
Many
have
introduced
invasive
earthworms
to
rivers,
streams
and
lakes
previously
unexposed
to
these
animals.
Gardeners
who
use
earthworms
to
make
their
soil
rich
may
unknowingly
introduce
invasive
ones.
The
worms
even
give
rides
in
the
mud
on
wheels,
potted
plants
and
road
materials
shipped
around
the
nation.
1：Why
are
fishermen
and
gardeners
mentioned
in
the
first
paragraph?
A．To
attract
more
people
to
fishing
and
gardening.
B．To
introduce
different
uses
of
invasive
earthworms.
C．To
stress
the
importance
of
invasive
earthworms
to
humans.
D．To
show
humans’
effect
on
the
spread
of
invasive
earthworms.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据第一段中“Earthworms
don’t
move
fast.
But
humans
can
accelerate
the
worms’
spread.?(蚯蚓移动不快。但是人类可以加速蚯蚓的蔓延。)”可知，本段提到渔民和园艺者是以此展示人类对入侵蚯蚓蔓延的影响。故选D项。
（H）
Given
that
power
paste
only
begins
to
break
down
at
temperatures
of
around
250℃
it
remains
safe
even
when
a
vehicle
stands
in
the
baking
sun
for
hours.
However,
we
will
have
to
be
patient.
Just
because
researchers
have
succeeded
in
developing
a
new
fueling
way
does
not
mean
that
we
can
expect
to
see
such
vehicles
on
the
road
anytime
soon.
It
will
indeed
be
several
years
before
this
concept
is
turned
into
reality.
1：Why
does
the
author
call
on
the
readers
to
be
patient?
A．Power
paste-driven
vehicles
sometimes
move
very
slowly
on
the
road.
B．Practical
use
of
power
paste-driven
vehicles
will
not
come
very
soon.
C．Power
paste-driven
vehicles
can
only
work
after
being
in
the
sun
for
hours
D．It
will
be
years
before
the
researchers
work
out
the
concept
of
power
paste.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据文章选段最后两句“Just
because
researchers
have
succeeded
in
developing
a
new
fueling
way
does
not
mean
that
we
can
expect
to
see
such
vehicles
on
the
road
anytime
soon.
It
will
indeed
be
several
years
before
this
concept
is
turned
into
reality.”(仅仅是因为研究人员成功地开发出了一种新的加油方式并不意味着我们可以期待在短期内看到这样的车辆上路。实际上，这一概念要成为现实还需要数年的时间。)可知，作者呼吁读者要有耐心是因为这种新动力驱动的汽车的实际应用尚需时日，不会很快到来。故选B项。
（I）
Most
of
us
have
something
about
us
that
we’re
not
100%
in
love
with,
such
as
an
impulsive
streak
or
a
short
temper.
What
if
those
personality
traits
(个性特征)
could
be
improved
with
daily
use
of
a
smartphone
app?
That
was
the
focus
of
a
new
study
from
an
international
research
team
led
by
the
University
of
Zurich.
“Personality
traits
predict
several
important
aspects
of
life
such
as
success
at
work,
health
and
even
a
long.”
says
first
author
Mirjam
Stieger.
PhD．of
Brandeis
University
in
Waltham.
Massachusetts.
“So
we
wanted
to
test
whether
people
can
actively
shape
their
personality
traits
with
the
help
of
a
digital
intervention
(干预)
within
a
relatively
short
period
of
time.”
1：Why
does
the
author
ask
the
question
in
paragraph
1?
A．To
put
forward
a
problem.
B．To
recommend
a
method.
C．To
lead
in
the
recent
study.
D．To
come
up
with
a
new
concept.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据选段“What
if
those
personality
traits
(个性特征)
could
be
improved
with
daily
use
of
a
smartphone
app?
That
was
the
focus
of
a
new
study
from
an
international
research
team
led
by
the
University
of
Zurich.
(如果这些个性特征可以通过日常使用智能手机应用程序得到改善呢？这是苏黎世大学领导的一个国际研究小组的一项新研究的重点)”可以推断，提问的目的是为了引入最新的研究。故选C项。
（J）
Mr.
Fou
was
one
of
the
first
Chinese
pianists
to
achieve
global
prominence
when
he
took
the
third
place
in
the
International
Chopin
Piano
Competition
in
Warsaw
in
1955.
He
also
won
a
special
prize
for
his
performance
of
Chopin's
mazurkas(马祖卜舞曲).
Almost
overnight,
he
became
a
national
hero.
To
China,
Mr.
Fou's
recognition
in
a
well-known
international
competition
was
proof
that
the
country
could
stand
on
its
own
artistically
in
the
West.
Chinese
reporters
flocked
to
interview
Mr.
Fou,
while
many
others
sought
out
his
father,
Fu
Lei,
for
advice
on
child-rearing.
1：Why
does
Fou
Ts'ong's
global
recognition
mean
a
lot
to
China?
A．It
earns
Chinese
art
a
place
in
the
West.
B．It
promotes
the
spread
of
Chinese
culture.
C．It
proves
Chinese
people's
talent
for
music.
D．It
enables
Chinese
art
education
to
be
recognized.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据选段中的
“To
China，Mr.
Fou's
recognition
in
a
well-known
international
competition
was
proof
that
the
country
could
stand
on
its
own
artistically
in
the
West.”（对中国来说，傅聪在著名的国际比赛中获得的认可证明了中国能够在西方艺术上自立门户。）可知，傅聪的国际知名度为中国艺术在西方赢得了一席之地。故选A。
（K）
Here's
the
good
news.
In
a
wired
world
with
constant
global
communication,
we're
all
positioned
to
see
flashes
of
genius
wherever
they
appear.
And
the
more
we
look,
the
more
we
will
see
that
social
factors(因素)like
gender,
race,
and
class
do
not
determine
the
appearance
of
genius.
As
a
writer
says,
future
geniuses
come
from
those
with
“intelligence,
creativity,
perseverance(毅力),
and
simple
good
fortune,
who
are
able
to
change
the
world.”
1：Why
are
more
geniuses
known
to
the
public?
A.
Improved
global
communication.
B.
Less
discrimination
against
women.
C.
Acceptance
of
victors'
concepts.
D.
Changes
in
people's
social
positions.
参考解析
原因型细节题。根据最后一段的“In
a
wired
world
with
constant
global
communication,
we’re
all
positioned
to
see
flashes
of
genius
wherever
they
appear.(
在一个全球通讯不断的有线世界里，我们随时随地都能看到天才的闪现)”可知，进步的全球通讯让更多的天才被公众所知道。故选A。

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