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高考英语专题复习《定语从句》
精品教学课件
定语从句
语法知识
艳春张
能可有皆切一
Underline the attributive clauses:
Don’t forget the things that once you owned. Treasure the things that you can’t get. Don't give up the things that belong to you and keep those lost things in memory. 　　
曾经拥有的，不要忘记。不能得到的，
更要珍惜。属于自己的，不要放弃。
已经失去的，留作回忆。
This is the film which I saw last night.
This is the film whose name is Titanic .
The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy .
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .
the Attributive Clause
This is the film which I saw last night.
This is the film whose name is Titanic .
The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy .
Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .
Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .
the Attributive Clause
who指人，作主语
whom指人，作宾语
whose指物，作定语
that指物，作主语
which指物，作宾语
语法讲解
定语从句（the attributive clause）
☆ 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。
☆ 关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接（连接定语从句和主句）、替代（替代前面的先行词）、成分（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。
在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句
“先行词”
“关系代词”
“关系副词”
形容词
Beijing is the city that / which has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
Beijing
the city
get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.
1.指物时只用that 的情况
2.只用which的情况
3.关系代词as 的用法
4.as 与which的区别
5.高考考点---易混句型
6.历年高考试题
高考常见考点
考点一：
(1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much 等不定代词时。
Is there anything else that you don’t understand
(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等
修饰时。
All the books that you need are here.
(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。
This is the first book (that) he has read ./ This is the best that has been used against pollution
(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。
This is the same knife (that) I lost yesterday .
This is the very pen (that) she is looking for .
(5)先行词既有人又有物时。
He talked about the teachers and schools (that) he had visited .
That!!
“that”
我的地盘
6.当主句的主语是是疑问词which时:
Which is the bike that you lost yesterday
7.当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也在从句中做表语时:
He is no longer the man that he used to be .
Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be .
注意:当先行词是the way时,关系词用:that/…/in which.
way 后面的定语从句
way 后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或 不填，如：
I recognized he’s from Australia from
the way __________________ he speaks.
in which ( that / 不填)
practice
1.Everything___ you say to him goes in one ear and out the other.
2.All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.
3. The train is the last ____ will go to Shanghai.
4.The boy and the dog ____ are in the picture are very lovely.
5.The first lesson ___ I learned will be forgotten
6.The way___ you are doing it is completely crazy.
that
that
that
that
that
that
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.（2008）
A.which B that C this D.it
考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句
1,逗号后面 2,介词后面
2. The day ______ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952.
A.on which B that C which
D.this
考点三：关系代词 as 的用法
☆ the same … as 表示同一类人或物；
the same … that 指同一个人或物
1) 直接引导定语从句: 作用相当于which
He was late, as / which is often the case.
As anyone could see it, they were very upset.
2) 与such 连用, 引起定语从句
There are no such writers as you mention.
It gave him such a shock that his face turned
white.
3) 与same 连用, 引起定语从句
如此 …… 以至于
This is the same pen ______I lost yesterday.
A. as B. that
C.the one D. A&B
D
比较：
...the same pen as I lost.
... the same pen that I lost.
表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是
则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支 .
考点四：as 与 which 的区别
★as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known， be said，be reported等，
★如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
She has been late again, _______ was expected.
Tom has made great progress, _______ made us happy.
as
which
1. which的先行词可以是名词，也可以是句子的一部分或代替整个句子；which从句不能放句首;
2. as 一般代替整个句子, 从句则可以放句首, 句中或句尾, 表示“正如” ，“或像…一样” 。
例如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as often happens, as you can see, as it is……;当先行词前有as, so, such, the same 修饰时,关系代词常用as。
___is known to us all, Taiwan is a part of China.
总结:
As
1). a. I saw some trees, and the leaves of
_______ were black with disease.
b. I saw some trees, the leaves of ______
were black with disease.
2). a. The professor is a little man, on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
b. The professor is a little man, and on the
nose of ______there is a pair of glasses
解题点拨 :
　是否有连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。
　　　　
them
whom
which
him
__
__
高考考点—易混句型
1.定语从句与并列句
1). a. The news ________our volleyball team
won the match made us excited.
　 b. The news __________he told me yesterday
is exciting.
2). a. I made a promise ______ if anyone set me
free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise ___________
pleased all her children.
that
(that/which)
that/which
that
解题点拨：that引导的定语从句是对其先行词的修饰或限制；在句中作成份(作宾语省略),指物时可用which代替；而同位语从句是对前面名词的说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份，不能省略,不能用which代替。
２.定语从句与同位语从句
1) a. It is in this room ______I lived last year.
b. It is the room _______I lived last year.
2) a. It was at seven o’clock ______he went to
school this morning.
b. It was seven o’clock _______he went
to school this morning.
解题点拨：强调句型：It is/was+被强调的成份+that/who+其它部分; 去掉 It is/was….that/who… ,句子照样成立;而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。
that
where
that
when
３.定语从句与强调 句
Though I can’t remember everything ____ happened during the time in university, I still remember some people and things _____ were related to Miss Brown, _____ used to be monitor in our class. If you want to know who the lady is _____ I referred to in my diary, I can tell you it’s her, Miss Brown. Here is a story ______ makes me remember Miss Brown until now. One afternoon, she and I arrived in New York, ______ we would look forward to. We went to the biggest bookshop in ______ there were different kinds of books to be sold. There,
that
that
who
that
that
which
which
she persuaded me to read every grammar book ______ could offer me knowledge of grammar and buy a dictionary _______ I could look up the new words in. Miss Brown also bought the same books _____ I did. Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university, a big man stopped us and robbed me of my necklace. I’ll never forget that time ______ Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers.
that
which
as
when
conclusion
先行词充当主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词
先行词充当状语，则用关系副词
that , who , whom , which , as ,
whose
where , when , why
历年高考试题
1.We shouldn’t spent our money testing so many people, most of______are healthy.
That B which C , what D whom （2007 北京）
2.Last week, only two people came to look at the house , _____wanted to buy it.
A none of them B both of them C none of whom D neither of whom (2007安徽)
3.I was given two books on cooking , the first ______I really enjoyed .
A, of that B, of which C, that D, which (2008 浙江)
4,----where did you get to know her
-------it was on the farm_______ we worked.
A, that B, there C, which D, where (2007 山东)
5，————I explain on the phone, you request will be considered at the meeting.
A, when B, after C, as D, since (2005 浙江)
D
D
C
D
C
6.These houses are sold at such a low price ____ people expected.(’07上海）
A. like B. as C. that D. which
7. ____ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. (’04北京）
A. It B. As C. That D. What
8. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ____ , of course , made the others envy him. (’04天津）
A. who B. that C. what D. which
9.The gentleman____ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(’00上海春招）
A. who B. about whom
C. whom D. with whom
10. Have you seen the film “Titanic”, ____ 　　　leading actor is world-famous (’01上海
A. its B. it’s C. whose D. which
用 思考
________
专题专练
1. Do you think such a place ____ you speak of is worth visiting
He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday, _____ I doubt very much.
There is a lake near our schoolyard, _____ depth is out of your expectation.
--Do you have anything in mind _____ you’d like for supper
-- Well, anything is Ok for me.
5. The house in _______ he used to live has turned into a library.
as
which
whose
that
which
6. Students in our school, most of _____ are from the south of China, enjoy rice very much.
7. Can you think of a situation ______ this idiom is used
8. ____ is often the case, teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.
9. Which is the road _____ leads to the village ______ you were born
10. The newcomer is from Jiangxi, _____ I can tell from his accent.
whom
where
As
that
where
which
= in which
Homework
Write an article with the title “My English Teacher” in 5 sentences, using attributive clause.

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