资源简介

52
阅读理解
点式与网式细节理解题的突破策略
【策略学习】
点式细节理解
点式细节理解题答案可以在原文中找到，考生一般可以通过读原文中的某句话或某个词语便能得出答案，此类题属于低层次题。解答点式细节理解题，采取“先题后文，题干定位法”，即从问题中抓关键词(题眼)，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干相吻合的关键词或与关键信息相关的段落，仔细推敲，最后确定答案。
策略1：3步全取直接细节题
直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All
customers
travelling
on
TransLink
services
must
be
in
possession
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding.For
ticket
information，please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
12
30.
While
Queensland
Rail
makes
every
effort
to
ensure
trains
run
as
scheduled，there
can
be
no
guarantee
of
connections
between
trains
or
between
train
services
and
bus
services.
21．What
would
you
do
to
get
ticket
information?
A．Call
13
16
17.
B．Visit
.au.
C．Ask
at
the
local
station.
D．Check
the
train
schedule.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：ticket
information
·第二步　定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket
information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For
ticket
information，please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
12
30.”。
·第三步　比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
策略2：4种特征直取间接细节题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理后得出结论。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado
first
met
the
Bajau
while
growing
up
on
Samal
Island
in
the
Philippines.They
made
a
living
as
divers，spearfishing
or
harvesting
shellfish.“We
were
so
amazed
that
they
could
stay
underwater
much
longer
than
us
local
islanders，”Dr.Jubilado
said.“I
could
see
them
actually
walking
under
the
sea.”
34．Why
was
the
young
Jubilado
astonished
at
the
Bajau?
A．They
could
walk
on
stilts
all
day.
B．They
had
a
superb
way
of
fishing.
C．They
could
stay
long
underwater.
D．They
lived
on
both
land
and
water.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：astonished
·第二步　定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词astonished定位文中的“We
were
so
amazed
that
they
could
stay
underwater
much
longer
than
us
local
islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词
。
·第三步　比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
策略3：“加减乘除”破解数字计算题
数字计算题要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
【典例】　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
Visitor
Information
How__to__Get__to__Holker
By
Car：Follow
brown
signs
on
A590
from
J36，M6.Approximate
travel
times：Windermere—20
minutes，Kendal—25
minutes，Lancaster—45
minutes，Manchester—1
hour
30
minutes.
By
Rail：The
nearest
station
is
Cark－in－Cartmel
with
trains
to
Carnforth，Lancaster
and
Preston
for
connections
to
major
cities
&
airports.
Opening__Times
Sunday－Friday
(closed
on
Saturday
)
11：00
am－4：00pm，30th
March－2nd
November.
Admission__Charges
Hall
&
Gardens　　　　Gardens
Adults：　　　￡12.00　　　￡8.00
Groups:
￡9.00
￡5.50
22．How
much
should
a
member
of
a
tour
group
pay
to
visit
Hall
&
Gardens?
A．￡12.00.
B．￡
9.00.
C．￡8.00.
D．￡
5.50.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：Hall
&
Gardens
·第二步　定位到原文：利用原文数据和题干数据关系确定答案，有Admission
Charges及Groups：　　　　
￡9.00　　　　￡5.50的内容可直接得出答案。
·第三步　比对选项：团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。
网式细节理解题
网式细节理解题要根据原文中的多处信息才能得出答案。因此在解答该类题目时一定要不厌其烦，题目涉及的多处细节要一一找出，并对选项和原文进行一一比对，做到万无一失。
策略1：3步搞定正误判断题
【典例】　(2015·浙江卷阅读A)
The
children
sat
stunned
and
silent.Was
this
a
teacher
talking?
One
girl，who
had
just
come
to
us
from
a
school
where
she
had
had
a
very
hard
time，looked
at
me
steadily
for
a
long
time
after
I
had
finished.Then，still
looking
at
me，she
said
slowly
and
seriously，“Mr.Holt，do
you
really
mean
that？”I
said
just
as
seriously，“I
mean
every
word
of
it.”
During
the
spring
she
really
astonished
me.One
day，she
was
reading
at
her
desk.From
a
glimpse
of
the
illustrations
I
thought
I
knew
what
the
book
was.I
said
to
myself，“It
can’t
be，”and
went
to
take
a
closer
look.Sure
enough，she
was
reading
Moby
Dick，in
the
edition
with
woodcuts.I
said，“Don’t
you
find
parts
of
it
rather
heavy
going？”
She
answered，“Oh，sure，but
I
just
skip
over
those
parts
and
go
on
to
the
next
good
part.”
44．Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
girl
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．She
skipped
over
those
easy
parts
while
reading.
B．She
had
a
hard
time
finishing
the
required
reading
tasks.
C．She
learned
to
appreciate
some
parts
of
the
difficult
books.
D．She
turned
out
to
be
a
top
student
after
coming
to
this
school.
【分析】
·第一步　分析选项：标出选项重要信息词。
·第二步　确定目标选项：根据选项重要信息词定位到文中第二段中的“I
said，‘Don’t
you
find
parts
of
it...the
next
good
part.’”确定目标选项A和C。B和D项未提及。
·第三步　逐一对照：虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分，选择容易理解的部分来阅读。故A项错误，选C项。
策略2：“耐心”敲定多细节理解题
对于一般的多细节理解题，虽然不像正误判断题一样逐个选项与原文排查，但这类题目的答案也是综合原文多个信息得出的，因此也要不厌其烦，认真分析，方能得出正确答案。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)
Some
parents
will
buy
any
high－tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child，but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math－related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine，an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
at
the
University
of
Chicago，found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income，education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk，Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child－parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
24．In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
A．Building
confidence.
B．Developing
spatial
skills.
C．Learning
self－control.
D．Gaining
high－tech
knowledge.
【分析】
·第一步　分析题干：根据题干定位到children
benefit
from
puzzle
play。
·第二步　一一比对信息源：由第二段中的“Psychologist
Susan
Levine...spatial
skills.”
及第三段内容的信息源，不厌其烦，一一比对。
·第三步　综合概括：孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
【检测训练】
1
Future
City
Competition
Future
City
starts
with
a
question—how
can
we
make
the
world
a
better
place?
To
answer
it,
10th,
11th,
and
12th
grade
students
imagine,
research,
design,
and
build
cities
of
the
future
that
showcase
their
solution
to
a
citywide
sustainability
issue.
Past
topics
include
Urban
Agriculture,
Public
spaces,
and
Green
energy
while
the
topic
of
this
year
is
Living
on
the
Moon.
Teams
will
design
a
futuristic
lunar
city
and
provide
examples
of
how
the
city
uses
Moon
resources
to
keep
its
residents
safe
and
healthy.
Participants
complete
five
deliverables:
a
1,500-word
city
essay:
a
scale
model;
a
project
plan;
a
presentation
video;
and
a
virtual/online
Q&A
session
with
/judges.
Regional
winners
represent
their
region
at
the
international
Finals.
After
completing
Future
City,
student
participants
are
not
only
prepared
to
be
citizens
of
today’s
complex
and
technical
world,
but
also
ready
to
become
the
drivers
of
tomorrow.
What
you
can
learn
This
flexible,
cross-curricular(跨课程的)
educational
program
gives
students
an
opportunity
to
do
the
things
that
engineers
do-identify
problems:
brainstorm
ideas;
design
solutions;
test,
retest
and
build;
and
share
their
results.
With
this
at
its
center,
Future
City
is
an
engaging
way
to
build
students’
21st
century
skills.
Students
participating
in
Future
City
also
learn
how
their
communities
work
and
become
better
citizens
and
develop
strong
time
management
and
project
management
skills.
What
you
need
Future
City
costs
just
$25
per
organization—and
you
can
register
I
team
or
100.
The
price
always
stays
the
same.
We
keep
the
price
affordable
so
everyone
can
participate.
Not
only
that,
we
limit
the
budget
for
materials
for
the
City
Model
and
City
Presentation
to
$100
and
encourage
teams
to
use
recycled
materials.
You
don’t
need
expensive
equipment
to
excel.
Creativity,
hard
work,
and
commitment
are
all
you
need
to
get
ahead.
Please
note:
Some
regions
limit
the
number
of
teams
an
organization
can
bring
to
the
Regional
Competition.
Please
check
with
your
Regional
Coordinator
to
find
out
the
guidelines
in
your
region.
1.
In
Future
City
Competition
2021,
students
need
to
________.
A.
complete
more
than
five
taskes
B.
design
a
city
with
green
energy
C.
address
problems
on
the
moon
D.
make
use
of
lunar
resources
2.
What
lies
at
the
core
of
Future
City
Competition?
A.
Designing
cities.
B.
Identifying
problems.
C.
Training
better
citizens
D.
Engineering
design
process
3.
If
you
want
to
succeed
in
the
competition,
you
need
________.
A.
to
be
creative
and
devoted.
B.
to
use
the
recycled
materials.
C.
to
buy
some
expensive
equipment.
D.
to
ask
more
people
to
join
in
your
team.
【答案】1.
D
2.
D
3.
A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“未来城市竞赛”这一活动的相关内容和参加这一项目需要注意的事项。
1.
细节理解题。根据第一段“Teams
will
design
a
futuristic
lunar
city
and
provide
examples
of
how
the
city
uses
Moon
resources
to
keep
its
residents
safe
and
healthy.（团队将设计一个未来的月球城市，并提供城市如何使用月球资源，以保持其居民的安全和健康的例子。）”可知，在2021年未来城市竞赛中，学生需要利用到月球资源。故选D项。
2.
细节理解题。根据What
you
can
learn部分的“This
flexible,
cross-curricular(跨课程的)
educational
program
gives
students
an
opportunity
to
do
the
things
that
engineers
do-identify
problems:
brainstorm
ideas;
design
solutions;
test,
retest
and
build;
and
share
their
results.
With
this
at
its
center,
Future
City
is
an
engaging
way
to
build
students’
21st
century
skills.（这种灵活的、跨课程的教育计划让学生有机会做工程师所做的事情——发现问题：头脑风暴；设计解决方案；测试、再测试和构建；并分享他们的成果。以这为中心，未来城市是培养学生21世纪技能的一种引人入胜的方式。）”可知，未来城市竞赛的核心是工程设计过程。故选D项。
3.
细节理解题。根据What
you
need部分的第二段“Creativity,
hard
work,
and
commitment
are
all
you
need
to
get
ahead.（创造力、努力工作和承诺是你获得成功所需要的一切。）”可知，如果想要在竞赛中获得成功，就需要富有创造力并且努力投入工作。故选A项。
2
Is
there
a
strange
something
high
up
in
the
world’s
tallest
mountains?
If
so,
is
it
a
big
bear?
Is
it
a
monkey?
Or
is
it
a
kind
of
man?
No
one
knows.
This
mystery
has
puzzled
the
world
for
years.
In
1887,
a
mountain
climber
found
large
footsteps
in
the
snow.
They
looked
like
the
footsteps
of
a
very
large
man.
But
men
don’t
walk
without
shoes
in
the
snow!
In
1906,
another
climber
saw
more
footsteps.
He
saw
a
very
large
animal
standing
on
two
legs.
As
he
watched,
it
ran
away
very
quickly.
Fifteen
years
later,
a
newspaper
had
new
stories
about
the
“something”.
A
mountain
climber
said
he
had
seen
the
“snowman”
walk
slowly
in
the
snow.
He
said
it
looked
like
a
very
large
man.
From
then
on,
more
and
more
people
had
stories
to
tell.
But
not
until
1951
did
a
mountain
climber
bring
back
the
pictures
of
large
footsteps.
The
pictures
showed
clearly
that
the
snowman
walked
on
two
legs.
So
it
was
not
a
bear
or
a
monkey.
Could
it
be
an
apeman
(猿人)?
And
the
mystery
keeps
growing.
Some
day,
we
may
find
out
just
what
it
is
that
makes
the
largest
footsteps.
4.
The
passage
is
about
________.
A.
some
mountain
climbers
B.
some
strange
animals
C.
the
snow
D.
the
mystery
of
the
large
footsteps
5.
Why
were
people
interested
in
footsteps?
A.
Because
they
were
the
footsteps
of
a
large
bear.
B.
Because
they
looked
like
the
footsteps
of
a
large
man.
C.
Because
they
were
found
in
the
snow.
D.
Because
they
were
found
in
the
mountains.
6.
Why
did
the
mystery
grow
when
a
mountain
climber
brought
back
pictures
of
large
footsteps?
A.
They
were
the
footsteps
of
an
apeman.
B.
They
were
the
footsteps
of
a
snowman.
C.
The
pictures
showed
clearly
how
the
snowman
walked.
D.
People
still
don’t
know
who
made
the
footsteps.
7.
Which
is
the
best
title?
A.
Snow
B.
The
large
footsteps
C.
A
big
bear
D.
Monkey
【答案】4.
D
5.
B
6.
D
7.
B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了人们在世界上最高的山上发现的巨大脚印来自于什么动物，直到今天依然是未解之谜。
4.
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In
1887,
a
mountain
climber
found
large
footsteps
in
the
snow.”（1887年，一位登山者在雪地里发现了巨大的脚印）和第三段“In
1906,
another
climber
saw
more
footsteps”（1906年，另一名登山者看到了更多的脚印）以及最后一段“Some
day,
we
may
find
out
just
what
it
is
that
makes
the
largest
footsteps.”（有一天，我们会发现是什么制造了这些大脚印）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了人们在世界上最高的山上发现的巨大脚印来自于什么动物，直到今天依然是未解之谜。故选D。
5.
细节理解题。根据第三段“A
mountain
climber
said
he
had
seen
the
“snowman”
walk
slowly
in
the
snow.
He
said
it
looked
like
a
very
large
man.”（一位登山者说，他看到“雪人”在雪地里慢慢地走。
他说它看起来像一个非常高大的人）可知人们会对脚印感兴趣是因为它们看起来像一个巨大的人的脚印。故选B。
6.
推理判断题。根据最后一段“But
not
until
1951
did
a
mountain
climber
bring
back
the
pictures
of
large
footsteps.
The
pictures
showed
clearly
that
the
snowman
walked
on
two
legs.
So
it
was
not
a
bear
or
a
monkey.
Could
it
be
an
apeman
(猿人)?
And
the
mystery
keeps
growing.”（但直到1951年，一位登山者才带回了大脚印的照片。
图片清楚地显示了雪人用两条腿走路。
所以不是熊或猴子。
会是猿人吗?
谜团还在继续）可推知当一名登山者带回巨大脚印的照片时，这个谜团变得更加神秘是因为人们仍然不知道是谁留下了这些脚印。故选D。
7.
主旨大意题。根据第二段“In
1887,
a
mountain
climber
found
large
footsteps
in
the
snow.”（1887年，一位登山者在雪地里发现了巨大的脚印）和第三段“In
1906,
another
climber
saw
more
footsteps”（1906年，另一名登山者看到了更多的脚印）以及最后一段“Some
day,
we
may
find
out
just
what
it
is
that
makes
the
largest
footsteps.”（有一天，我们会发现是什么制造了这些大脚印）结合全文内容可知，这篇文章主要讲了人们在世界上最高的山上发现的大脚印来自于什么动物，直到今天依然是未解之谜。这篇文章最好的题目是“巨大的脚印”。故选B。
3
Chinese
cuisine
is
widely
known
and
enjoyed
all
around
the
world.
Who
doesn't
long
for
a
favorite
Chinese
dish?
But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East-the
ancient
custom
of
“tonic
(滋补品)
food”.
Tonic
food
is
food
which
is
consumed
to
improve
one's
well-being
or
avoid
sickness.
For
instance,
it
was
once
the
custom
for
new
mothers
to
eat
a
sesame
oil
(芝麻油)
hot
pot
every
day
for
the
first
month
after
giving
birth.
It
was
believed
that
this
dish
would
benefit
the
muscles,
reduce
pain,
improve
circulation,
stimulate
sweating,
and
warm
the
body.
Some
foods,
such
as
goat
meat
and
spinach,
are
seen
as
being
"hot",
while
others,
such
as
Chinese
cabbage
and
radish,
are
seen
as
being
"cold".
One
should
be
careful
not
to
eat
too
much
of
either
"hot"
or
"cold"
food.
However,
how
much
"hot"
or
"cold"
food
one
should
eat
depends
on
the
time
of
the
year,
how
the
food
is
prepared,
what
it
is
prepared
with,
and
the
individual's
health.
The
custom
of
employing
tonic
food
for
a
healthier
life
also
influences
the
catering
industry.
Chinese
herbal
medicines,
such
as
wolfberry
(枸杞子),
can
be
found
on
many
a
restaurant
menu,
either
added
to
fruit
tea
or
as
a
tonic
addition
to
a
dish.
These
herbs
attract
customers,
such
as
overworked
office
staff,
in
need
of
a
modest
pick-me-up.
So,
whether
you
need
to
boost
your
strength
with
a
large
helping
of
chicken
soup,
or
increase
your
mental
powers
with
a
serving
of
pig's
brain
soup,
you
may
find
that
this
ancient
Chinese
custom
could
be
just
the
tonic
food
you
were
looking
for.
8.
What
is
the
present
situation
of
tonic
food?
A.
It
is
catching
less
attention.
B.
It
is
well
known
worldwide.
C.
It
is
becoming
increasingly
popular.
D.
It
is
enjoyed
by
many
young
people.
9.
What
is
believed
to
benefit
new
mothers?
A.
Chinese
cabbage.
B.
Fruit
tea.
C.
Sesame
oil
hot
pot.
D.
Pig's
brain
soup.
10.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Charm
of
Chinese
Cuisine.
B.
The
Popularity
of
Tonic
Food.
C.
An
Introduction
to
Chinese
Tonic
Food.
D.
Differences
Between
Hot
Food
and
Cold
Food.
【答案】8.
A
9.
C
10.
C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章从定义、好处、作用和影响等方面介绍了中国食补。
8.
细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East-the
ancient
custom
of
“tonic
(滋补品)
food”.(但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——古老的“食补”习俗，这在西方几乎是闻所未闻，而在东方也越来越被年轻人忽视)”可知，滋补品的现状是正在很少被关注。故选A。
9.
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第三句“For
instance,
it
was
once
the
custom
for
new
mothers
to
eat
a
sesame
oil
(芝麻油)
hot
pot
every
day
for
the
first
month
after
giving
birth.
It
was
believed
that
this
dish
would
benefit
the
muscles,
reduce
pain,
improve
circulation,
stimulate
sweating,
and
warm
the
body.(例如，在过去的习俗中，新妈妈在生完孩子后的第一个月每天都要吃麻油火锅。人们认为这道菜有益于肌肉，减轻疼痛，改善循环，刺激出汗，温暖身体)”可知，麻油火锅对新妈妈有益。故选C。
10.
标题判断题。根据第一段第三句But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East-the
ancient
custom
of
“tonic(滋补品)
food”.(但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——古老的“食补”习俗，这在西方几乎是闻所未闻，而在东方也越来越被年轻人忽视)”，第二段第一句“Tonic
food
is
food
which
is
consumed
to
improve
one's
well-being
or
avoid
sickness.
(食补是指为增进健康或避免疾病而食用的食物)”，第三段第一句“The
custom
of
employing
tonic
food
for
a
healthier
life
also
influences
the
catering
industry.(以食补养生的习俗也影响着饮食业)”和最后一段“So,
whether
you
need
to
boost
your
strength
with
a
large
helping
of
chicken
soup,
or
increase
your
mental
powers
with
a
serving
of
pig's
brain
soup,
you
may
find
that
this
ancient
Chinese
custom
could
be
just
the
tonic
food
you
were
looking
for.(所以，无论你是需要大喝鸡汤来增强体力，还是用猪脑汤来增强你的脑力，你都会发现古老的中国食补习俗可能就是你在寻找的食补食物)”可知，文章主要是介绍中国的滋补食物。所以C选项（中国食补概论）是最好的标题。故选C。
4
Sawyer
Current’s
first
visit
to
Isla
Mujeres,
a
small
island
off
the
coast
of
Cancun,
Mexico,
was
meant
to
be
a
getaway.
But
instead
of
relaxing
on
white
sand
beaches,
Current
was
disappointed
at
the
number
of
unwanted
animals
wandering
the
streets.
“Dogs
were
everywhere,
coming
out
of
the
bushes
and
along
the
sides
of
the
road,”
she
recalls
of
that
trip
25
years
ago.
“They
were
dirty
and
covered
with
fleas
and
scars.”
“It
was
sad,”
she
says.
“I
just
couldn’t
stand
to
watch
it.”
Current
decided
to
help
fix
it.
She
built
a
second
home
on
Isla
Mujeres
in
2000,
and
beginning
with
a
skinny,
toothless
cat
she
rescued
from
the
streets,
she
went
on
to
find
homes
for
more
than
2,000
dogs
and
cats.
Today,
thanks
to
Current’s
efforts,
the
island
no
longer
has
a
wild-dog
problem,
and
“people
are
more
aware
of
their
pets’
needs,”
says
Marcelino
Velazquez,
34,
a
property
manager
from
Isla
Mujeres.
“They
vaccinate
them
and
don’t
abandon
them
on
the
streets.
The
way
of
thinking
has
changed.”
For
Current,
it
was
a
hard-fought
transformation.
“At
first
I
was
angry
and
thought
it
was
horrible,”
Current
says
of
the
conditions
on
the
island
when
she
began
her
work.
“But
these
weren’t
bad
people.
They
were
people
without
resources.”
When
she
first
arrived,
the
community
had
no
small-animal
vet,
and
animal
control
consisted
of
a
team
of
government
workers
who’d
round
up
street
dogs
in
a
truck
and
kill
them.
“I
used
to
follow
the
truck,
and
when
they’d
go
for
lunch,
I’d
let
the
dogs
out,”
she
says.
“One
time
I
let
the
air
out
of
their
tires.”
At
one
point
she
was
caring
for
more
than
65
rescued
dogs
in
her
home,
and
she
estimates
she
has
spent
about
$1
million
of
her
own
savings
on
her
efforts.
“It
was
exhausting,”
she
admits.
Now
Isla
Animals
has
an
on-site
shelter
with
a
small
staff,
and
many
volunteers
and
donors
among
the
island’s
tourists.
Each
year
the
group
re-homes
more
than
170
pets,
many
of
which
fly
with
volunteers
to
families
in
the
U.S.
and
Canada.
“There’s
nothing
in
the
world
like
finding
a
starving
dog,
nursing
it
back
to
good
health
and
finding
it
a
loving
home,”
Current
says.
11.
What
made
Current
feel
disappointed
with
the
island?
A.
Insects
biting
people.
B.
People
without
resources.
C.
Houses
in
poor
conditions.
D.
Animals
abandoned
in
the
streets.
12.
Why
did
Current
follow
the
truck
and
let
the
air
out
of
its
tires?
A.
To
show
the
local
people
how
to
solve
their
problems.
B.
To
draw
public
attention
to
what
she
was
doing.
C.
To
stop
the
workers
from
killing
the
animals.
D.
To
help
the
government
punish
bad
people.
13.
Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Current?
A.
Loving.
B.
Ambitious.
C.
Intelligent.
D.
Cautious.
【答案】11.
D
12.
C
13.
A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sawyer
Current在一个小岛Isla
Mujeres度假时，看到很多流浪动物，感到失望，于是开始致力于救助这些流浪动物的故事。
11.
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But
instead
of
relaxing
on
white
sand
beaches,
Current
was
disappointed
at
the
number
of
unwanted
animals
wandering
the
streets.(但是，Current并没有在白色的沙滩上放松，而是对流浪动物的数量感到失望)”可知，动物被遗弃在街道上，这让Current对这个岛感到失望。故选D。
12.
细节理解题。根据第三段中“When
she
first
arrived,
the
community
had
no
small-animal
vet,
and
animal
control
consisted
of
a
team
of
government
workers
who’d
round
up
street
dogs
in
a
truck
and
kill
them.
“I
used
to
follow
the
truck,
and
when
they’d
go
for
lunch,
I’d
let
the
dogs
out,”
she
says.
“One
time
I
let
the
air
out
of
their
tires.”(她刚来的时候，这个社区没有小动物兽医，动物控制中心由一组政府工作人员组成，他们用卡车把流浪狗围捕并杀死。她说：“我过去常常跟着卡车，当他们去吃午饭时，我就把狗放出来，有一次我把他们轮胎的气给放了。”)”可知，Current会跟在卡车后面把轮胎放气，是为了阻止工人杀死动物。故选C。
13.
推理判断题。根据最后一段““There’s
nothing
in
the
world
like
finding
a
starving
dog,
nursing
it
back
to
good
health
and
finding
it
a
loving
home,”
Current
says.(Current说：“世界上没有什么比找到一只饥饿的狗，照顾它恢复健康，给它找到一个充满爱的家更好的了。”)”结合文章讲述了Sawyer
Current在一个小岛Isla
Mujeres度假时，看到很多流浪动物，感到失望，于是开始致力于救助这些流浪动物的故事。可推知，Current是个有爱心的人。故选A。
5
My
Biggest
Challenge
As
a
writer
on
an
adventure
sports
magazine,
I’d
always
fought
shy
of
doing
the
adventurous
stuff
myself,
preferring
instead
to
observe
the
experts
from
a
safe
distance
and
relay
their
experiences
to
readers
in
the
form
of
written
language.
Thus,
when
I
was
challenged
to
take
part
in
a
mountain
climb
in
aid
of
raising
money
for
charity
—
and
to
write
about
it
afterwards
—
I
was
unwilling,
to
say
the
least.
I
was
lucky
enough
to
have
a
brilliant
climbing
coach
called
Keith,
who
put
me
through
my
paces
after
my
daily
work.
He
gave
me
knowledge
about
everything
from
the
importance
of
building
muscle
groups
to
how
to
avoid
tiredness
through
nutrition.
It
quickly
became
apparent
that
the
mechanics
of
climbing
were
more
complex
than
I
had
imagined.
There
was
the
equipment
and
techniques
I’d
never
even
heard
of,
all
of
which
would
come
in
handy
on
the
snow-capped
peak
I’d
be
climbing.
Aware
of
the
challenge,
Keith
made
a
detailed
action
plan
and
I
forced
myself
to
stick
to
it,
doing
a
daily
workout
at
the
gym
and
going
on
hikes
with
a
heavy
pack.
I
perfected
my
technique
on
the
climbing
wall
and
even
went
to
climb
the
mountains
to
get
vital
experience.
My
self-belief
increased
alongside
my
muscle
power
and
I
became
confident
about
finishing
the
climb.
All
too
soon
I
was
on
a
plane
to
my
destination.
On
that
day,
when
I
looked
up
at
the
mountain,
I
thought
of
abandoning
it.
But
then
I
remembered
all
the
hard
work
I’d
done
and
how
disappointed
Keith
would
be
if
I
gave
up
at
the
last
minute-not
to
mention
letting
down
the
charity
and
the
sense
of
failure
I’d
experience
myself.
With
a
deep
breath
I
gathered
my
equipment
and
headed
out
into
the
sunshine
to
meet
the
rest
of
the
group.
And
as
I
sit
here
now,
tapping
away
on
my
laptop,
I’m
amazed
at
the
details
in
which
I
can
recall
every
second
of
the
climb:
the
burning
muscles,
the
tiredness,
the
minor
problems
along
the
way.
Could
I
have
been
better
prepared?
Possibly.
Would
I
be
back
for
another
go?
Thankfully
not.
The
feeling
of
being
excited
when
I
stood
on
top
of
the
world
is
a
never-to-be-repeated
experience
but
one
I
will
enjoy
forever
nevertheless.
14.
At
the
beginning
of
the
activity,
the
author
revealed
his
______.
A.
disappointment
in
the
coming
adventure.
B.
expectation
of
writing
about
his
experience.
C.
lack
of
enthusiasm
for
the
challenge
he’d
been
offered.
D.
curiosity
about
taking
part
in
the
mountain
climb
for
charity.
15.
What
did
the
author
realise
during
his
climb
training?
A.
The
knowledge
about
climbing
was
really
confusing.
B.
The
equipment
was
the
key
factor
to
reach
the
peak.
C.
Climbing
was
much
more
complicated
than
expected.
D.
Hard
training
was
far
more
important
than
making
plans.
16.
How
did
the
author
feel
after
he
succeeded
in
climbing
the
mountain?
A.
He
was
relieved
that
he
wouldn’t
have
to
do
it
again.
B.
He
was
well
satisfied
that
he
had
done
his
best
for
it.
C.
He
was
surprised
that
he
had
managed
to
complete
it.
D.
He
was
regretful
that
it
wasn’t
as
smooth
as
imagined.
【答案】14.
C
15.
C
16.
A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，内心很不情愿。在经过训练后，作者成功爬上了山顶，作者很兴奋，但依然庆幸自己以后再也不用爬山了。
14.
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thus,
when
I
was
challenged
to
take
part
in
a
mountain
climb
in
aid
of
raising
money
for
charity
—
and
to
write
about
it
afterwards
—
I
was
unwilling,
to
say
the
least.
(因此，当我被要求参加一次为慈善筹款的爬山活动，并在活动结束后将其写下来时，至少可以说，我是不愿意的)”可知，在活动一开始，作者就表现出了对所接受的挑战缺乏热情。故选C。
15.
细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“It
quickly
became
apparent
that
the
mechanics
of
climbing
were
more
complex
than
I
had
imagined.
(很快我就发现攀岩的技巧比我想象的要复杂得多)”可知，在他的攀岩训练中，作者意识到攀岩比预想的要复杂得多。故选C。
16.
推理判断题。根据最后一段最后三句“Would
I
be
back
for
another
go?
Thankfully
not.
The
feeling
of
being
excited
when
I
stood
on
top
of
the
world
is
a
never-to-be-repeated
experience
but
one
I
will
enjoy
forever
nevertheless.
(我会再来一次吗？值得庆幸的是没有。当我站在世界之巅时那种兴奋的感觉是一种永远不会重复的经历，但我将永远享受这种感觉)”可知，成功地爬上了那座山后，作者很欣慰他不用再这样做了。故选A。
6
We
often
hear
friends
ask
why
they
should
read
fiction.
There
is
so
much
to
learn
from
history,
from
what
is
going
on
at
the
frontiers
of
science,
and
from
contemporary
studies
of
human
behavior.
Why
should
they
spend
their
scarce
"free
time"
reading
fiction,
the
purpose
of
which,
at
best,
is
only
entertainment?
We
are
disappointed
about
such
comments.
Yes,
we
respond,
we
do
find
pleasure
in
reading
fiction.
But
we
also
learn
much
about
how
to
best
live
our
lives
in
ways
that
can
only
be
captured
by
fiction.
We
recognize
that
some
novels
are
entertaining,
but
leave
no
lasting
impression.
What
makes
a
novel
more
than
entertainment?
Our
answer
is
that
we
don't
just
read
great
books
-
they
read
us
as
well.
The
human
condition
is
complex
and
contradictory,
layered
like
an
ice-cream
dessert,
with
flavors
mixed
among
the
layers.
A
great
novel
reflects
that
complexity.
We
may
read
it
several
times,
as
we
do
with
our
favorites,
and
each
time
it
is
like
finding
an
old
friend
and
gaining
new
insights
from
that
friend.
We
put
it
down
with
new
understandings
of
the
world
around
us
and,
most
important,
of
ourselves.
Let's
look
at
the
novel
Frankenstein,
written
in
1818
by
Mary
Shelley.
Frankenstein
is
not
the
monster,
but
a
young
man
seeking
out
the
secrets
of
the
universe.
He
collects
body
parts
and
charges
it
with
life.
When
the
dull
yellow
eyes
open,
however,
Frankenstein,
shocked
by
what
he
has
done,
abandons
the
creature,
which
ultimately
kills
Frankenstein's
brother,
his
bride,
and
his
best
friend.
On
one
level,
Frankenstein
is
entertaining
-
a
good
horror
story,
though
a
little
dated.
But
Shelley
writes
more
than
just
that.
On
a
deeper
level,
her
book
forces
us
to
ask
whether
humans
reach
too
far
to
gain
knowledge
that
is
as
forbidden
as
the
fruit
of
the
Garden
of
Eden.
This
theme,
as
old
as
the
legend
of
Prometheus
（普罗米修斯），dominates
Frankenstein.
Shelley,
of
course,
knew
nothing
of
genetic
（遗传的）engineering
that
happens
today.
She
was
deeply
troubled
by
what
human
beings
might
discover
about
themselves,
and
the
effects
of
those
discoveries
on
society.
Our
reading
of
great
literature
can
also
be
enriched
by
understanding
the
author's
personal
interests
and
anxieties.
17.
How
does
the
author
feel
about
fiction
reading?
A.
It
is
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
B.
It
helps
us
discover
the
frontiers
of
science.
C.
It
offers
insight
into
how
to
live
best
lives.
D.
It
holds
some
clues
to
understanding
our
memory.
18.
Why
does
the
author
say
great
books
read
us
as
well?
A.
Because
they
deserve
reading
several
times.
B.
Because
they
lead
us
to
a
rich
and
colorful
life.
C.
Because
they
explore
humans'
complex
reality.
D.
Because
they
improve
the
writer-reader
relationship.
19.
What
do
we
know
about
the
novel
Frankenstein!
A.
It
is
based
on
a
grand
theme.
B.
It
is
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
C.
It
is
merely
a
great
horror
story.
D.
It
is
about
the
legend
of
Prometheus.
20.
What
is
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A.
Why
should
we
read
fiction?
B.
Can
novel
reading
last
long?
C.
Read
for
fun
or
read
for
none?
D.
Is
Frankenstein
really
entertaining?
【答案】17.
C
18.
C
19.
A
20.
A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了为什么要读小说，以及小说带来的好处。
17.
细节理解题。根据文章“we
also
learn
much
about
how
to
best
live
our
lives
in
ways
that
can
only
be
captured
by
fiction.（我们也学到了很多关于如何以只有小说才能捕捉到的方式最好地生活的知识。）”可知，此处想要表示读小说提供了如何过上最好生活的见解。故选C项。
18.
细节理解题。根据文章“we
don't
just
read
great
books
-
they
read
us
as
well.
The
human
condition
is
complex
and
contradictory,
layered
like
an
ice-cream
dessert,
with
flavors
mixed
among
the
layers.
A
great
novel
reflects
that
complexity.（我们不只是阅读伟大的书籍-他们也阅读我们。人类的情况是复杂而矛盾的，像冰淇淋甜点一样分层，层层之间混合着各种味道。一部伟大的小说反映了这种复杂性。）”可知，伟大的书探索了复杂的现实。故选C项。
19.
推理判断题。根据文章“On
a
deeper
level,
her
book
forces
us
to
ask
whether
humans
reach
too
far
to
gain
knowledge
that
is
as
forbidden
as
the
fruit
of
the
Garden
of
Eden.
This
theme,
as
old
as
the
legend
of
Prometheus，dominates
Frankenstein.（在更深的层面上，她的书迫使我们去问，人类是否达到了太远的程度而无法获得像伊甸园的果实那样被禁止的知识。这个主题，就像普罗米修斯的传说一样古老，支配着弗兰肯斯坦）”可知，此处表示小说《弗兰肯斯坦》有更深层次的意义，这个主题，像普罗米修斯的传说一样古老，可推知，这本书是基于一个宏大的主题。故选A项。
20.
主旨大意题。根据文章首段“We
often
hear
friends
ask
why
they
should
read
fiction.（我们经常听到朋友问他们为什么要读小说。）”以及下文“Why
should
they
spend
their
scarce
"free
time"
reading
fiction,
the
purpose
of
which,
at
best,
is
only
entertainment?（他们为什么要把自己稀缺的“空闲时间”花在阅读小说上，而小说的目的充其量只是娱乐？）”可知，此处想要讨论的是我们为什么要读小说。故选A项。
7
When
buying
suitable
plants
for
my
garden,
I
would
read
the
label
carefully,
which
contains
critical
information
that
can
tell
me
whether
the
plant
is
likely
to
work
for
me.
The
label
tells
me
the
plant's
name,
including
both
a
common
name,
which
is
easy
to
remember,
and
a
botanical
name,
which
is
more
precise
and
reliable.
The
botanical
name
is
very
useful
as
it's
the
key
to
finding
more
information
about
the
plant.
The
label
also
states
the
plant's
light
needs.
They
can
tell
me
that
the
plant
needs
full
sun,
full
shade
or
part
sun,
which
are
somewhere
in
between.
I
will
also
find
information
about
how
much
winter
cold
the
plant
can
handle.
This
is
usually
expressed
in
terms
of
the
zones
on
a
plant
hardiness
(耐寒性)
map.
My
Chicago
home
is
generally
in
Zone
5,
with
a
few
spots
near
the
lake
in
Zone
6.
It's
safe
to
buy
plants
that
are
hardy
in
Zone
5
or
the
colder
Zones
4
and
3.
Some
labels
only
show
a
temperature,
such
as
10
degrees
below
zero,
which
is
the
coldest
air
temperature
the
plant
is
believed
to
be
able
to
survive.
As
an
experienced
gardener,
I
never
forget
to
learn
about
the
plant's
size
from
the
label.
It
tells
me
how
tall
and
wide
the
plant
will
eventually
grow
to
be.
This
is
especially
critical
information
if
I
am
shopping
for
trees
because
just
five
or
ten
years
later,
that
plant
can
outgrow
its
site.
There's
a
lot
that
plant
labels
don't
tell
me,
for
example,
the
soil
a
plant
needs.
Fortunately,
I
have
a
handy
tool
to
learn
more:
my
phone.
A
quick
search
for
the
plant
's
botanical
name
can
bring
me
a
wealth
of
information
beyond
the
label.
21.
Why
is
a
plant's
botanical
name
important?
A.
It's
easy
to
remember.
B.
It
sounds
formal
and
reliable.
C.
It
helps
to
understand
the
label.
D.
It
can
be
used
to
search
for
more
information.
22.
From
the
text
we
can
see
________
suits
the
author's
garden.
A.
a
plant
that
is
tall
and
wide
B.
a
plant
that
is
hardy
in
Zone
5
C.
a
plant
that
requires
full
sunshine
D.
a
plant
that
can
survive
at
10
degrees
below
zero
23.
Where
does
the
author
get
information
about
a
plant’s
suitable
soil?
A.
From
the
label.
B.
From
the
Internet.
C.
From
a
plant
hardiness
map.
D.
From
an
experienced
gardener.
24.
Which
word
can
best
describe
the
author?
A.
Thoughtful
B.
Curious.
C.
Determined.
D.
Particular.
【答案】21.
D
22.
B
23.
B
24.
A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作者在为自己家的花园选择植物时会从标签上获得一些有用的信息。
21.
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The
botanical
name
is
very
useful
as
it's
the
key
to
finding
more
information
about
the
plant.”（这个植物学名称非常有用，因为它是找到关于该植物更多信息的关键。）可知，一株植物的植物学名称非常重要因为它可以用来搜索更多的信息。故选D。
22.
细节理解题。根据第四段第三句和第四句“My
Chicago
home
is
generally
in
Zone
5,
with
a
few
spots
near
the
lake
in
Zone
6.
It's
safe
to
buy
plants
that
are
hardy
in
Zone
5
or
the
colder
Zones
4
and
3.”（我在芝加哥的家一般在第5区，在第6区有一些靠近湖的地方。在5区或寒冷的4区和3区购买耐寒的植物是安全的。）可知，5区耐寒的植物适合作者的花园。故选B。
23.
推理判断题。根据最后一段“There's
a
lot
that
plant
labels
don't
tell
me,
for
example,
the
soil
a
plant
needs.
Fortunately,
I
have
a
handy
tool
to
learn
more:
my
phone.
A
quick
search
for
the
plant
's
botanical
name
can
bring
me
a
wealth
of
information
beyond
the
label.”（有很多东西植物标签没有告诉我，例如，植物需要的土壤。幸运的是，我有一个方便的工具来学习更多：我的手机。快速搜索一种植物的植物学名称可以给我带来丰富的标签以外的信息。）可知，作者从网上得知一株植物适合的土壤。故选B。
24.
推理判断题。根据第一段“When
buying
suitable
plants
for
my
garden,
I
would
read
the
label
carefully,
which
contains
critical
information
that
can
tell
me
whether
the
plant
is
likely
to
work
for
me.”（在购买适合我的花园的植物时，我会仔细阅读标签，其中包含了重要的信息，可以告诉我这种植物是否适合我。）可知，作者是一个细致周到的人。故选A。52
阅读理解
点式与网式细节理解题的突破策略
【策略学习】
点式细节理解
点式细节理解题答案可以在原文中找到，考生一般可以通过读原文中的某句话或某个词语便能得出答案，此类题属于低层次题。解答点式细节理解题，采取“先题后文，题干定位法”，即从问题中抓关键词(题眼)，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干相吻合的关键词或与关键信息相关的段落，仔细推敲，最后确定答案。
策略1：3步全取直接细节题
直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All
customers
travelling
on
TransLink
services
must
be
in
possession
of
a
valid
ticket
before
boarding.For
ticket
information，please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
12
30.
While
Queensland
Rail
makes
every
effort
to
ensure
trains
run
as
scheduled，there
can
be
no
guarantee
of
connections
between
trains
or
between
train
services
and
bus
services.
21．What
would
you
do
to
get
ticket
information?
A．Call
13
16
17.
B．Visit
.au.
C．Ask
at
the
local
station.
D．Check
the
train
schedule.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：ticket
information
·第二步　定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket
information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For
ticket
information，please
ask
at
your
local
station
or
call
13
12
30.”。
·第三步　比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
策略2：4种特征直取间接细节题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理后得出结论。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado
first
met
the
Bajau
while
growing
up
on
Samal
Island
in
the
Philippines.They
made
a
living
as
divers，spearfishing
or
harvesting
shellfish.“We
were
so
amazed
that
they
could
stay
underwater
much
longer
than
us
local
islanders，”Dr.Jubilado
said.“I
could
see
them
actually
walking
under
the
sea.”
34．Why
was
the
young
Jubilado
astonished
at
the
Bajau?
A．They
could
walk
on
stilts
all
day.
B．They
had
a
superb
way
of
fishing.
C．They
could
stay
long
underwater.
D．They
lived
on
both
land
and
water.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：astonished
·第二步　定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词astonished定位文中的“We
were
so
amazed
that
they
could
stay
underwater
much
longer
than
us
local
islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词
。
·第三步　比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
策略3：“加减乘除”破解数字计算题
数字计算题要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
【典例】　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
Visitor
Information
How__to__Get__to__Holker
By
Car：Follow
brown
signs
on
A590
from
J36，M6.Approximate
travel
times：Windermere—20
minutes，Kendal—25
minutes，Lancaster—45
minutes，Manchester—1
hour
30
minutes.
By
Rail：The
nearest
station
is
Cark－in－Cartmel
with
trains
to
Carnforth，Lancaster
and
Preston
for
connections
to
major
cities
&
airports.
Opening__Times
Sunday－Friday
(closed
on
Saturday
)
11：00
am－4：00pm，30th
March－2nd
November.
Admission__Charges
Hall
&
Gardens　　　　Gardens
Adults：　　　￡12.00　　　￡8.00
Groups:
￡9.00
￡5.50
22．How
much
should
a
member
of
a
tour
group
pay
to
visit
Hall
&
Gardens?
A．￡12.00.
B．￡
9.00.
C．￡8.00.
D．￡
5.50.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：Hall
&
Gardens
·第二步　定位到原文：利用原文数据和题干数据关系确定答案，有Admission
Charges及Groups：　　　　
￡9.00　　　　￡5.50的内容可直接得出答案。
·第三步　比对选项：团队参观霍克庄园和花园每人是9英镑。
网式细节理解题
网式细节理解题要根据原文中的多处信息才能得出答案。因此在解答该类题目时一定要不厌其烦，题目涉及的多处细节要一一找出，并对选项和原文进行一一比对，做到万无一失。
策略1：3步搞定正误判断题
【典例】　(2015·浙江卷阅读A)
The
children
sat
stunned
and
silent.Was
this
a
teacher
talking?
One
girl，who
had
just
come
to
us
from
a
school
where
she
had
had
a
very
hard
time，looked
at
me
steadily
for
a
long
time
after
I
had
finished.Then，still
looking
at
me，she
said
slowly
and
seriously，“Mr.Holt，do
you
really
mean
that？”I
said
just
as
seriously，“I
mean
every
word
of
it.”
During
the
spring
she
really
astonished
me.One
day，she
was
reading
at
her
desk.From
a
glimpse
of
the
illustrations
I
thought
I
knew
what
the
book
was.I
said
to
myself，“It
can’t
be，”and
went
to
take
a
closer
look.Sure
enough，she
was
reading
Moby
Dick，in
the
edition
with
woodcuts.I
said，“Don’t
you
find
parts
of
it
rather
heavy
going？”
She
answered，“Oh，sure，but
I
just
skip
over
those
parts
and
go
on
to
the
next
good
part.”
44．Which
of
the
following
statements
about
the
girl
is
TRUE
according
to
the
passage?
A．She
skipped
over
those
easy
parts
while
reading.
B．She
had
a
hard
time
finishing
the
required
reading
tasks.
C．She
learned
to
appreciate
some
parts
of
the
difficult
books.
D．She
turned
out
to
be
a
top
student
after
coming
to
this
school.
【分析】
·第一步　分析选项：标出选项重要信息词。
·第二步　确定目标选项：根据选项重要信息词定位到文中第二段中的“I
said，‘Don’t
you
find
parts
of
it...the
next
good
part.’”确定目标选项A和C。B和D项未提及。
·第三步　逐一对照：虽然女孩读的书有些部分有难度，但是女孩在阅读时，会跳过那些晦涩难懂的部分，选择容易理解的部分来阅读。故A项错误，选C项。
策略2：“耐心”敲定多细节理解题
对于一般的多细节理解题，虽然不像正误判断题一样逐个选项与原文排查，但这类题目的答案也是综合原文多个信息得出的，因此也要不厌其烦，认真分析，方能得出正确答案。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)
Some
parents
will
buy
any
high－tech
toy
if
they
think
it
will
help
their
child，but
researchers
said
puzzles
help
children
with
math－related
skills.
Psychologist
Susan
Levine，an
expert
on
mathematics
development
in
young
children
at
the
University
of
Chicago，found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
ages
2
and
4
later
develop
better
spatial
skills.Puzzle
play
was
found
to
be
a
significant
predictor
of
cognition(认知)after
controlling
for
differences
in
parents’
income，education
and
the
amount
of
parent
talk，Levine
said.
The
researchers
analyzed
video
recordings
of
53
child－parent
pairs
during
everyday
activities
at
home
and
found
children
who
play
with
puzzles
between
26
and
46
months
of
age
have
better
spatial
skills
when
assessed
at
54
months
of
age.
24．In
which
aspect
do
children
benefit
from
puzzle
play?
A．Building
confidence.
B．Developing
spatial
skills.
C．Learning
self－control.
D．Gaining
high－tech
knowledge.
【分析】
·第一步　分析题干：根据题干定位到children
benefit
from
puzzle
play。
·第二步　一一比对信息源：由第二段中的“Psychologist
Susan
Levine...spatial
skills.”
及第三段内容的信息源，不厌其烦，一一比对。
·第三步　综合概括：孩子们通过玩智力游戏可以培养空间技能。故选B。
【检测训练】
1
Future
City
Competition
Future
City
starts
with
a
question—how
can
we
make
the
world
a
better
place?
To
answer
it,
10th,
11th,
and
12th
grade
students
imagine,
research,
design,
and
build
cities
of
the
future
that
showcase
their
solution
to
a
citywide
sustainability
issue.
Past
topics
include
Urban
Agriculture,
Public
spaces,
and
Green
energy
while
the
topic
of
this
year
is
Living
on
the
Moon.
Teams
will
design
a
futuristic
lunar
city
and
provide
examples
of
how
the
city
uses
Moon
resources
to
keep
its
residents
safe
and
healthy.
Participants
complete
five
deliverables:
a
1,500-word
city
essay:
a
scale
model;
a
project
plan;
a
presentation
video;
and
a
virtual/online
Q&A
session
with
/judges.
Regional
winners
represent
their
region
at
the
international
Finals.
After
completing
Future
City,
student
participants
are
not
only
prepared
to
be
citizens
of
today’s
complex
and
technical
world,
but
also
ready
to
become
the
drivers
of
tomorrow.
What
you
can
learn
This
flexible,
cross-curricular(跨课程的)
educational
program
gives
students
an
opportunity
to
do
the
things
that
engineers
do-identify
problems:
brainstorm
ideas;
design
solutions;
test,
retest
and
build;
and
share
their
results.
With
this
at
its
center,
Future
City
is
an
engaging
way
to
build
students’
21st
century
skills.
Students
participating
in
Future
City
also
learn
how
their
communities
work
and
become
better
citizens
and
develop
strong
time
management
and
project
management
skills.
What
you
need
Future
City
costs
just
$25
per
organization—and
you
can
register
I
team
or
100.
The
price
always
stays
the
same.
We
keep
the
price
affordable
so
everyone
can
participate.
Not
only
that,
we
limit
the
budget
for
materials
for
the
City
Model
and
City
Presentation
to
$100
and
encourage
teams
to
use
recycled
materials.
You
don’t
need
expensive
equipment
to
excel.
Creativity,
hard
work,
and
commitment
are
all
you
need
to
get
ahead.
Please
note:
Some
regions
limit
the
number
of
teams
an
organization
can
bring
to
the
Regional
Competition.
Please
check
with
your
Regional
Coordinator
to
find
out
the
guidelines
in
your
region.
1.
In
Future
City
Competition
2021,
students
need
to
________.
A.
complete
more
than
five
taskes
B.
design
a
city
with
green
energy
C.
address
problems
on
the
moon
D.
make
use
of
lunar
resources
2.
What
lies
at
the
core
of
Future
City
Competition?
A.
Designing
cities.
B.
Identifying
problems.
C.
Training
better
citizens
D.
Engineering
design
process
3.
If
you
want
to
succeed
in
the
competition,
you
need
________.
A.
to
be
creative
and
devoted.
B.
to
use
the
recycled
materials.
C.
to
buy
some
expensive
equipment.
D.
to
ask
more
people
to
join
in
your
team.
2
Is
there
a
strange
something
high
up
in
the
world’s
tallest
mountains?
If
so,
is
it
a
big
bear?
Is
it
a
monkey?
Or
is
it
a
kind
of
man?
No
one
knows.
This
mystery
has
puzzled
the
world
for
years.
In
1887,
a
mountain
climber
found
large
footsteps
in
the
snow.
They
looked
like
the
footsteps
of
a
very
large
man.
But
men
don’t
walk
without
shoes
in
the
snow!
In
1906,
another
climber
saw
more
footsteps.
He
saw
a
very
large
animal
standing
on
two
legs.
As
he
watched,
it
ran
away
very
quickly.
Fifteen
years
later,
a
newspaper
had
new
stories
about
the
“something”.
A
mountain
climber
said
he
had
seen
the
“snowman”
walk
slowly
in
the
snow.
He
said
it
looked
like
a
very
large
man.
From
then
on,
more
and
more
people
had
stories
to
tell.
But
not
until
1951
did
a
mountain
climber
bring
back
the
pictures
of
large
footsteps.
The
pictures
showed
clearly
that
the
snowman
walked
on
two
legs.
So
it
was
not
a
bear
or
a
monkey.
Could
it
be
an
apeman
(猿人)?
And
the
mystery
keeps
growing.
Some
day,
we
may
find
out
just
what
it
is
that
makes
the
largest
footsteps.
4.
The
passage
is
about
________.
A.
some
mountain
climbers
B.
some
strange
animals
C.
the
snow
D.
the
mystery
of
the
large
footsteps
5.
Why
were
people
interested
in
footsteps?
A.
Because
they
were
the
footsteps
of
a
large
bear.
B.
Because
they
looked
like
the
footsteps
of
a
large
man.
C.
Because
they
were
found
in
the
snow.
D.
Because
they
were
found
in
the
mountains.
6.
Why
did
the
mystery
grow
when
a
mountain
climber
brought
back
pictures
of
large
footsteps?
A.
They
were
the
footsteps
of
an
apeman.
B.
They
were
the
footsteps
of
a
snowman.
C.
The
pictures
showed
clearly
how
the
snowman
walked.
D.
People
still
don’t
know
who
made
the
footsteps.
7.
Which
is
the
best
title?
A.
Snow
B.
The
large
footsteps
C.
A
big
bear
D.
Monkey
3
Chinese
cuisine
is
widely
known
and
enjoyed
all
around
the
world.
Who
doesn't
long
for
a
favorite
Chinese
dish?
But
there
is
one
interesting
concept
concerning
Chinese
food
which
is
almost
unheard
of
in
the
West,
and
which
is
becoming
increasingly
ignored
by
the
youth
of
the
East-the
ancient
custom
of
“tonic
(滋补品)
food”.
Tonic
food
is
food
which
is
consumed
to
improve
one's
well-being
or
avoid
sickness.
For
instance,
it
was
once
the
custom
for
new
mothers
to
eat
a
sesame
oil
(芝麻油)
hot
pot
every
day
for
the
first
month
after
giving
birth.
It
was
believed
that
this
dish
would
benefit
the
muscles,
reduce
pain,
improve
circulation,
stimulate
sweating,
and
warm
the
body.
Some
foods,
such
as
goat
meat
and
spinach,
are
seen
as
being
"hot",
while
others,
such
as
Chinese
cabbage
and
radish,
are
seen
as
being
"cold".
One
should
be
careful
not
to
eat
too
much
of
either
"hot"
or
"cold"
food.
However,
how
much
"hot"
or
"cold"
food
one
should
eat
depends
on
the
time
of
the
year,
how
the
food
is
prepared,
what
it
is
prepared
with,
and
the
individual's
health.
The
custom
of
employing
tonic
food
for
a
healthier
life
also
influences
the
catering
industry.
Chinese
herbal
medicines,
such
as
wolfberry
(枸杞子),
can
be
found
on
many
a
restaurant
menu,
either
added
to
fruit
tea
or
as
a
tonic
addition
to
a
dish.
These
herbs
attract
customers,
such
as
overworked
office
staff,
in
need
of
a
modest
pick-me-up.
So,
whether
you
need
to
boost
your
strength
with
a
large
helping
of
chicken
soup,
or
increase
your
mental
powers
with
a
serving
of
pig's
brain
soup,
you
may
find
that
this
ancient
Chinese
custom
could
be
just
the
tonic
food
you
were
looking
for.
8.
What
is
the
present
situation
of
tonic
food?
A.
It
is
catching
less
attention.
B.
It
is
well
known
worldwide.
C.
It
is
becoming
increasingly
popular.
D.
It
is
enjoyed
by
many
young
people.
9.
What
is
believed
to
benefit
new
mothers?
A.
Chinese
cabbage.
B.
Fruit
tea.
C.
Sesame
oil
hot
pot.
D.
Pig's
brain
soup.
10.
What
can
be
a
suitable
title
for
the
text?
A.
The
Charm
of
Chinese
Cuisine.
B.
The
Popularity
of
Tonic
Food.
C.
An
Introduction
to
Chinese
Tonic
Food.
D.
Differences
Between
Hot
Food
and
Cold
Food.
4
Sawyer
Current’s
first
visit
to
Isla
Mujeres,
a
small
island
off
the
coast
of
Cancun,
Mexico,
was
meant
to
be
a
getaway.
But
instead
of
relaxing
on
white
sand
beaches,
Current
was
disappointed
at
the
number
of
unwanted
animals
wandering
the
streets.
“Dogs
were
everywhere,
coming
out
of
the
bushes
and
along
the
sides
of
the
road,”
she
recalls
of
that
trip
25
years
ago.
“They
were
dirty
and
covered
with
fleas
and
scars.”
“It
was
sad,”
she
says.
“I
just
couldn’t
stand
to
watch
it.”
Current
decided
to
help
fix
it.
She
built
a
second
home
on
Isla
Mujeres
in
2000,
and
beginning
with
a
skinny,
toothless
cat
she
rescued
from
the
streets,
she
went
on
to
find
homes
for
more
than
2,000
dogs
and
cats.
Today,
thanks
to
Current’s
efforts,
the
island
no
longer
has
a
wild-dog
problem,
and
“people
are
more
aware
of
their
pets’
needs,”
says
Marcelino
Velazquez,
34,
a
property
manager
from
Isla
Mujeres.
“They
vaccinate
them
and
don’t
abandon
them
on
the
streets.
The
way
of
thinking
has
changed.”
For
Current,
it
was
a
hard-fought
transformation.
“At
first
I
was
angry
and
thought
it
was
horrible,”
Current
says
of
the
conditions
on
the
island
when
she
began
her
work.
“But
these
weren’t
bad
people.
They
were
people
without
resources.”
When
she
first
arrived,
the
community
had
no
small-animal
vet,
and
animal
control
consisted
of
a
team
of
government
workers
who’d
round
up
street
dogs
in
a
truck
and
kill
them.
“I
used
to
follow
the
truck,
and
when
they’d
go
for
lunch,
I’d
let
the
dogs
out,”
she
says.
“One
time
I
let
the
air
out
of
their
tires.”
At
one
point
she
was
caring
for
more
than
65
rescued
dogs
in
her
home,
and
she
estimates
she
has
spent
about
$1
million
of
her
own
savings
on
her
efforts.
“It
was
exhausting,”
she
admits.
Now
Isla
Animals
has
an
on-site
shelter
with
a
small
staff,
and
many
volunteers
and
donors
among
the
island’s
tourists.
Each
year
the
group
re-homes
more
than
170
pets,
many
of
which
fly
with
volunteers
to
families
in
the
U.S.
and
Canada.
“There’s
nothing
in
the
world
like
finding
a
starving
dog,
nursing
it
back
to
good
health
and
finding
it
a
loving
home,”
Current
says.
11.
What
made
Current
feel
disappointed
with
the
island?
A.
Insects
biting
people.
B.
People
without
resources.
C.
Houses
in
poor
conditions.
D.
Animals
abandoned
in
the
streets.
12.
Why
did
Current
follow
the
truck
and
let
the
air
out
of
its
tires?
A.
To
show
the
local
people
how
to
solve
their
problems.
B.
To
draw
public
attention
to
what
she
was
doing.
C.
To
stop
the
workers
from
killing
the
animals.
D.
To
help
the
government
punish
bad
people.
13.
Which
of
the
following
words
can
best
describe
Current?
A.
Loving.
B.
Ambitious.
C.
Intelligent.
D.
Cautious.
5
My
Biggest
Challenge
As
a
writer
on
an
adventure
sports
magazine,
I’d
always
fought
shy
of
doing
the
adventurous
stuff
myself,
preferring
instead
to
observe
the
experts
from
a
safe
distance
and
relay
their
experiences
to
readers
in
the
form
of
written
language.
Thus,
when
I
was
challenged
to
take
part
in
a
mountain
climb
in
aid
of
raising
money
for
charity
—
and
to
write
about
it
afterwards
—
I
was
unwilling,
to
say
the
least.
I
was
lucky
enough
to
have
a
brilliant
climbing
coach
called
Keith,
who
put
me
through
my
paces
after
my
daily
work.
He
gave
me
knowledge
about
everything
from
the
importance
of
building
muscle
groups
to
how
to
avoid
tiredness
through
nutrition.
It
quickly
became
apparent
that
the
mechanics
of
climbing
were
more
complex
than
I
had
imagined.
There
was
the
equipment
and
techniques
I’d
never
even
heard
of,
all
of
which
would
come
in
handy
on
the
snow-capped
peak
I’d
be
climbing.
Aware
of
the
challenge,
Keith
made
a
detailed
action
plan
and
I
forced
myself
to
stick
to
it,
doing
a
daily
workout
at
the
gym
and
going
on
hikes
with
a
heavy
pack.
I
perfected
my
technique
on
the
climbing
wall
and
even
went
to
climb
the
mountains
to
get
vital
experience.
My
self-belief
increased
alongside
my
muscle
power
and
I
became
confident
about
finishing
the
climb.
All
too
soon
I
was
on
a
plane
to
my
destination.
On
that
day,
when
I
looked
up
at
the
mountain,
I
thought
of
abandoning
it.
But
then
I
remembered
all
the
hard
work
I’d
done
and
how
disappointed
Keith
would
be
if
I
gave
up
at
the
last
minute-not
to
mention
letting
down
the
charity
and
the
sense
of
failure
I’d
experience
myself.
With
a
deep
breath
I
gathered
my
equipment
and
headed
out
into
the
sunshine
to
meet
the
rest
of
the
group.
And
as
I
sit
here
now,
tapping
away
on
my
laptop,
I’m
amazed
at
the
details
in
which
I
can
recall
every
second
of
the
climb:
the
burning
muscles,
the
tiredness,
the
minor
problems
along
the
way.
Could
I
have
been
better
prepared?
Possibly.
Would
I
be
back
for
another
go?
Thankfully
not.
The
feeling
of
being
excited
when
I
stood
on
top
of
the
world
is
a
never-to-be-repeated
experience
but
one
I
will
enjoy
forever
nevertheless.
14.
At
the
beginning
of
the
activity,
the
author
revealed
his
______.
A.
disappointment
in
the
coming
adventure.
B.
expectation
of
writing
about
his
experience.
C.
lack
of
enthusiasm
for
the
challenge
he’d
been
offered.
D.
curiosity
about
taking
part
in
the
mountain
climb
for
charity.
15.
What
did
the
author
realise
during
his
climb
training?
A.
The
knowledge
about
climbing
was
really
confusing.
B.
The
equipment
was
the
key
factor
to
reach
the
peak.
C.
Climbing
was
much
more
complicated
than
expected.
D.
Hard
training
was
far
more
important
than
making
plans.
16.
How
did
the
author
feel
after
he
succeeded
in
climbing
the
mountain?
A.
He
was
relieved
that
he
wouldn’t
have
to
do
it
again.
B.
He
was
well
satisfied
that
he
had
done
his
best
for
it.
C.
He
was
surprised
that
he
had
managed
to
complete
it.
D.
He
was
regretful
that
it
wasn’t
as
smooth
as
imagined.
6
We
often
hear
friends
ask
why
they
should
read
fiction.
There
is
so
much
to
learn
from
history,
from
what
is
going
on
at
the
frontiers
of
science,
and
from
contemporary
studies
of
human
behavior.
Why
should
they
spend
their
scarce
"free
time"
reading
fiction,
the
purpose
of
which,
at
best,
is
only
entertainment?
We
are
disappointed
about
such
comments.
Yes,
we
respond,
we
do
find
pleasure
in
reading
fiction.
But
we
also
learn
much
about
how
to
best
live
our
lives
in
ways
that
can
only
be
captured
by
fiction.
We
recognize
that
some
novels
are
entertaining,
but
leave
no
lasting
impression.
What
makes
a
novel
more
than
entertainment?
Our
answer
is
that
we
don't
just
read
great
books
-
they
read
us
as
well.
The
human
condition
is
complex
and
contradictory,
layered
like
an
ice-cream
dessert,
with
flavors
mixed
among
the
layers.
A
great
novel
reflects
that
complexity.
We
may
read
it
several
times,
as
we
do
with
our
favorites,
and
each
time
it
is
like
finding
an
old
friend
and
gaining
new
insights
from
that
friend.
We
put
it
down
with
new
understandings
of
the
world
around
us
and,
most
important,
of
ourselves.
Let's
look
at
the
novel
Frankenstein,
written
in
1818
by
Mary
Shelley.
Frankenstein
is
not
the
monster,
but
a
young
man
seeking
out
the
secrets
of
the
universe.
He
collects
body
parts
and
charges
it
with
life.
When
the
dull
yellow
eyes
open,
however,
Frankenstein,
shocked
by
what
he
has
done,
abandons
the
creature,
which
ultimately
kills
Frankenstein's
brother,
his
bride,
and
his
best
friend.
On
one
level,
Frankenstein
is
entertaining
-
a
good
horror
story,
though
a
little
dated.
But
Shelley
writes
more
than
just
that.
On
a
deeper
level,
her
book
forces
us
to
ask
whether
humans
reach
too
far
to
gain
knowledge
that
is
as
forbidden
as
the
fruit
of
the
Garden
of
Eden.
This
theme,
as
old
as
the
legend
of
Prometheus
（普罗米修斯），dominates
Frankenstein.
Shelley,
of
course,
knew
nothing
of
genetic
（遗传的）engineering
that
happens
today.
She
was
deeply
troubled
by
what
human
beings
might
discover
about
themselves,
and
the
effects
of
those
discoveries
on
society.
Our
reading
of
great
literature
can
also
be
enriched
by
understanding
the
author's
personal
interests
and
anxieties.
17.
How
does
the
author
feel
about
fiction
reading?
A.
It
is
a
window
to
a
whole
new
world.
B.
It
helps
us
discover
the
frontiers
of
science.
C.
It
offers
insight
into
how
to
live
best
lives.
D.
It
holds
some
clues
to
understanding
our
memory.
18.
Why
does
the
author
say
great
books
read
us
as
well?
A.
Because
they
deserve
reading
several
times.
B.
Because
they
lead
us
to
a
rich
and
colorful
life.
C.
Because
they
explore
humans'
complex
reality.
D.
Because
they
improve
the
writer-reader
relationship.
19.
What
do
we
know
about
the
novel
Frankenstein!
A.
It
is
based
on
a
grand
theme.
B.
It
is
a
record
of
a
historic
event.
C.
It
is
merely
a
great
horror
story.
D.
It
is
about
the
legend
of
Prometheus.
20.
What
is
the
best
title
of
the
text?
A.
Why
should
we
read
fiction?
B.
Can
novel
reading
last
long?
C.
Read
for
fun
or
read
for
none?
D.
Is
Frankenstein
really
entertaining?
7
When
buying
suitable
plants
for
my
garden,
I
would
read
the
label
carefully,
which
contains
critical
information
that
can
tell
me
whether
the
plant
is
likely
to
work
for
me.
The
label
tells
me
the
plant's
name,
including
both
a
common
name,
which
is
easy
to
remember,
and
a
botanical
name,
which
is
more
precise
and
reliable.
The
botanical
name
is
very
useful
as
it's
the
key
to
finding
more
information
about
the
plant.
The
label
also
states
the
plant's
light
needs.
They
can
tell
me
that
the
plant
needs
full
sun,
full
shade
or
part
sun,
which
are
somewhere
in
between.
I
will
also
find
information
about
how
much
winter
cold
the
plant
can
handle.
This
is
usually
expressed
in
terms
of
the
zones
on
a
plant
hardiness
(耐寒性)
map.
My
Chicago
home
is
generally
in
Zone
5,
with
a
few
spots
near
the
lake
in
Zone
6.
It's
safe
to
buy
plants
that
are
hardy
in
Zone
5
or
the
colder
Zones
4
and
3.
Some
labels
only
show
a
temperature,
such
as
10
degrees
below
zero,
which
is
the
coldest
air
temperature
the
plant
is
believed
to
be
able
to
survive.
As
an
experienced
gardener,
I
never
forget
to
learn
about
the
plant's
size
from
the
label.
It
tells
me
how
tall
and
wide
the
plant
will
eventually
grow
to
be.
This
is
especially
critical
information
if
I
am
shopping
for
trees
because
just
five
or
ten
years
later,
that
plant
can
outgrow
its
site.
There's
a
lot
that
plant
labels
don't
tell
me,
for
example,
the
soil
a
plant
needs.
Fortunately,
I
have
a
handy
tool
to
learn
more:
my
phone.
A
quick
search
for
the
plant
's
botanical
name
can
bring
me
a
wealth
of
information
beyond
the
label.
21.
Why
is
a
plant's
botanical
name
important?
A.
It's
easy
to
remember.
B.
It
sounds
formal
and
reliable.
C.
It
helps
to
understand
the
label.
D.
It
can
be
used
to
search
for
more
information.
22.
From
the
text
we
can
see
________
suits
the
author's
garden.
A.
a
plant
that
is
tall
and
wide
B.
a
plant
that
is
hardy
in
Zone
5
C.
a
plant
that
requires
full
sunshine
D.
a
plant
that
can
survive
at
10
degrees
below
zero
23.
Where
does
the
author
get
information
about
a
plant’s
suitable
soil?
A.
From
the
label.
B.
From
the
Internet.
C.
From
a
plant
hardiness
map.
D.
From
an
experienced
gardener.
24.
Which
word
can
best
describe
the
author?
A.
Thoughtful
B.
Curious.
C.
Determined.
D.
Particular.

展开更多......

收起↑