资源简介

(共102张PPT)
Unit 6 Nature in words
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
教材原文 First Snow Mr Robert Lynd once said of Jane Austen’s characters: “They are people in whose lives a slight fall of snow is an event.” Even at the risk of appearing to this fair and witty reviewer as another Mr Woodhouse, I must insist that last night’s fall of snow here was an event. 教材译文
初雪
罗伯特·林德先生曾这样评论过简·奥斯汀的人物：“在这些人的生命中, 场场小雪皆是大事。”在这位公正睿智的评论家面前, 即便是冒着让自己看起来像另一个伍德豪斯先生那样的风险, 我也得坚持说昨晚这儿的那场雪是件大事。
教材原文 教材译文
I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children, whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again. The fact is, however, that the snow was as strange and fascinating to me as it was to them. 今天早上我对此几乎和孩子们一样兴奋, 我看到他们都透过窗户望着外面神奇的世界, 兴奋地说个不停,好像圣诞节又突然来临了。事实是, 这场雪于我而言, 也是同样的奇异, 同样的迷人。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
It is the first fall we have had here this winter, and last year I was out of the country, sweating in a hot climate, during the snowy season, so that it really does seem an age since I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted. 这是今年冬天我们在这里的第一场雪, 而在去年的雪季, 我身在异国, 在酷热的天气里汗流不止, 所以离我上次欣赏到这银装素裹的世界着实过了些日子。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
The first fall of snow is not only an event but it is a magical event. You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not magic, then where is it to be found The very secrecy and quietness of the thing makes it more magical. 这场初雪不仅是一件大事, 而且还是一件具有魔力的大事。你入睡时, 世界是一个模样,醒来时发现是完全不同的另一番模样, 若非有魔力, 如何才能这般？神秘, 悄然, 这给雪又添了几分魔力。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
When I got up this morning the world was a cold place of dead white and pale blues. The light that came through the windows was very strange, and it made the familiar business of splashing and shaving and brushing and dressing very strange too. 今早我起床时, 世界是一篇寂然的白色与浅淡的蓝色, 到处清清冷冷。窗子透进来的光线很是怪异, 使得洗脸、刮胡子、刷牙、穿衣服这些熟悉的日常行为也显得离奇古怪。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Then the sun came out, and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks. The dining-room window had been transformed into a lovely Japanese print. The little plum tree outside, with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk, stood in full sunlight. 接着太阳出来了,等到我坐下来吃早餐时, 太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目, 给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。餐厅的窗户成了一幅可爱的日本版画。在阳光的普照之下, 屋外的小李子树的树干和枝丫被淡粉的积雪精致巧妙地装点着。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
An hour or two later everything was a cold sparkle of white and blue. The world had completely changed again. The little Japanese prints had all disappeared. I looked out of my study window, over the garden, the field, to the low hills beyond, and the ground went on and on, the sky was thick grey, and all the trees so many black and threatening shapes. There was indeed something curiously disturbing about the whole prospect. It was as if our kindly countryside, close to the very heart of England, had been turned into a cruel grassland. 一两个小时过后, 一切都闪着或白或蓝的微光。世界又彻底改变了模样。小小的日本版画都消失不见了, 我从书房看向窗外, 越过花园、田野, 再望向远处低矮的小山, 沿着不断向前延伸的地面望去, 天空成了厚重的灰色, 所有的树木都显出很多黑黢黢和凶神恶煞的样子。整个景象确实会给人带来一种奇怪的、不安的感受。就好像我们这个靠近英格兰中心位置的亲切的乡村变成了残酷的草原。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
At any moment, it seemed, a body of horsemen might be seen breaking out from the black trees, so many weapons might be heard and some distant spot of snow be reddened. It was that kind of landscape. 仿佛随时可能看见一群骑兵从黑黝黝的树丛中冲出, 可能听见很多武器的交错响声, 然后看见远处的白雪一点点被染红。这幅景象就是给人这种感觉。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Now it has changed again. The glare has gone and no touch of the disturbing remains. But the snow is falling heavily, in great soft flakes, so that you can hardly see across the shallow valley, and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending, and the weathercock of the village church, still to be seen through the grey loaded air, has become some creature out of Hans Andersen. 现在, 一切又变了。炫目的日光消失, 也不再有那种紧张不安感。但大片柔软的雪花铺天盖地地飘落, 遮挡了你的视线, 让你几乎看不到浅浅的山谷, 屋顶上存了厚厚的雪, 树木被压得弯下腰来, 村庄教堂的风信鸡在灰蒙蒙的空气中依稀可见, 像是从汉斯·安徒生童话里走出来的活物。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
From my study, which is apart from the house and faces it, I can see the children flattening their noses against the window, and there is running through my head a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child and flattened my nose against the cold window to watch the falling snow: Snow, snow faster: White alabaster! Killing geese in Scotland, Sending feathers here! （Adaptation from First Snow by John Boynton Priestley） 我的书房是和房子独立开来的, 书房在房子的对面。从书房看去, 可以看到孩子们把鼻子抵在窗户上看雪的样子, 我的脑海里出现了一首儿歌, 那是我小时候将鼻子抵在冰凉的窗户上看雪时会常常重复哼着的歌：
下雪吧, 下快一点吧：
石膏一样的雪白！
在苏格兰宰些鹅,
把雪白的羽毛送到这儿来吧！
（根据约翰·博因顿·普里斯特利写的《初雪》改编而成）
续表
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. _______ / wi: k/n. 星期, 周→ _________ / 'wi: kli/adj. 一周一次的, 每周的
week
weekly
2. __________ /In’spekt/vt. 检查, 检验; 视察→ ____________ /In’spekto/n. 检查员, 巡视员→ _____________ /?in’spekJn/n. 检查, 检验; 视察
inspect
inspector
inspection
3. _________ /In’sIst/v. 坚称, 坚决认为→ _____________ /In’sIstans/n. 坚持→ ____________ /In’sIstont/ adj. 坚持的
insist
insistence
insistent
4. ________ /Jerv/ v. （用剃刀）刮（胡须等）; 为（某人）剃毛发→ shaving /'JeIvIn/n. 刮脸
shave
5. ___________ /'lnos （ a ） nt/adj. 天真无邪的→ ____________ /Inasns/n. 清白, 无罪; 天真
innocent
innocence
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1. 谈及 _________
say of
2. 冒……的风险 _________________
at the risk of
3. 来临 _____________
come round
4. 使变形为…… ______________________
be transformed into
5. 使……变成…… _______________
turn…into…
6. apart from ___________________________________
与……分开; 除……之外（还, 都）
7. used to ___________
过去常常
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 “find+宾语+宾补”结构
教材原句 You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not magic, then where is it to be found？
你入睡时, 世界是一个模样, 醒来时发现是完全不同的另一番模样, 若非有魔力, 如何才能这般？
中文例句 我们很高兴发现我们的教室干净整洁。
句式仿写 _________________________________________________________
We are delighted to find our classroom clean and tidy.
2.
句型公式 虚拟语气
教材原句 It was as if our kindly countryside, close to the very heart of England, had been turned into a cruel grassland.
就好像我们这个靠近英格兰中心位置的亲切的乡村变成了残酷的草原。
中文例句 通过这样做, 我们可以与客户建立更紧密的关系, 就好像他们是我们的邻居或亲戚一样。
句式仿写 By doing so, we can form a closer relationship with our customers________________________________________________
as if they were our neighbors or relatives .
Ⅰ. 文本理解
Reading for the main idea.
1. What is the main idea of the text ( )
A. The first snow was a small event.
B. The first snow brought us magical beauty.
C. Everything was white and blue when it snowed.
D. The writer was nearly as excited as the children about the first snow.
B
Reading for the structure.
Fill in the following blanks with proper words.
First Snow
When I got up this morning. ◆The world became a cold place of 1._______________________ and pale blues.
◆The 2.________________that came through the windows was very strange.
The sun came out. ◆The snow became 3.____________________________________.
◆The 4.__________________________________________ changed into a lovely Japanese print.
◆The little plum tree outside stood in full 5._____________________.
dead white
light
delicately pink
dining-room window
sunlight
First Snow
An hour or two later. ◆Everything was a cold 6.___________________ of white and blue.
◆The sky was 7.__________________________.
◆All the trees had so many black and threatening 8.__________________.
sparkle
thick grey
shapes
续表
Reading for the details.
Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Why did the writer think it did seem an age ( )
A. Because Mr Robert Lynd said a fall of snow was an event.
B. Because Christmas had suddenly come round again.
C. Because he hadn’t see a fall of snow for a long time.
D. Because he never saw so heavy a fall of snow before.
C
2. How did the writer find the first fall of snow here ( )
A. Magical. B. Quiet. C. Strange. D. Common.
A
3. What happened to the dining-room window ( )
A. It was flushed with delicate pinks.
B. It became a lovely Japanese print.
C. It was covered by the faintly flushed snow.
D. It was artfully disposed in full sunlight.
B
4. What made the writer hardly see the whole shallow valley clearly ( )
A. The grey sky. B. The falling flakes.
C. The bending trees. D. The white and blue light.
B
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1. I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children,①_________________________________________________________________________________________________ ②_________________________________________________
【分析】 本句为主从复合句。句①中whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly为whom引导的_______________从句, 修饰先行词children; as if引导的是___________从句。
whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly
as if Christmas had suddenly come round again.
非限制性定语
方式状语
【译文】 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
今天早上对此我几乎和孩子们一样兴奋, 我看到他们都透过窗户望着外面神奇的世界, 兴奋地说个不停, 好像圣诞节又突然来临了。
It is the first fall we have had here this winter
2. ①____________________________________________________, and ②_________________________________________________________________________________________,③______________________________________________________________________________________.
【分析】 句中and连接两个表示顺承关系的并列分句, 分句①中we have had here this winter为省略关系代词的定语从句, 修饰先行词fall;③中so that引导___________从句, since引导的是___________从句。
last year I was out of the country, sweating in a hot climate, during the snowy season
so that it really does seem an age since I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted
结果状语
时间状语
【译文】_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
这是今年冬天我们在这里的第一场降雪, 去年在雪季我身在异国, 在炎热的天气里汗流不止, 所以离我上次欣赏到这银装素裹的世界着实过了些日子了。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Question Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1. What did I think of the snow
_________________________________________________
The snow looked strange and fascinating to me.
2. What happened this morning
______________________________________________________________________________________
When I got up this morning the world was a cold place of dead white and pale blues.
3. What was the dining-room window like
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The dining-room window had been transformed into a lovely Japanese print, and it was a kind of landscape.
4. How did I describe the kindly countryside close to the very heart of England
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It seemed, a body of horsemen might be seen breaking out from the black trees, so many weapons might be heard and some distant spot of snow be reddened.
5. What does the snow make me think of finally
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Snow is falling heavily. And there is running through my head a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
将上述句子转换句式（不能使用课文原句）。
1. 使用词汇snow改写上面第二句。
______________________________________________
When I got up this morning, it was snowing.
2. 使用词汇look like及定语从句改写上面第三句。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
The dining-room window looked like a vivid Japanese print, which was a kind of landscape.
3. 使用独立主格结构和come to one’s mind改写上文第五句。
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Snow falling heavily, a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child comes to my mind.
Step 3 Summary Writing
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The snow looked strange and fascinating to me. When I got up this morning, it was snowing. The dining-room window looked like a vivid Japanese print, which was a kind of landscape. In my view, it seemed that a body of horsemen might be seen breaking out from the black trees, so many weapons might be heard and some distant spot of snow be reddened. Now, snow falling heavily, a rhyme I used to repeat when I was a child comes to my mind.
1. inspector n. 检查员, 巡视员
Priestley wrote many successful articles, essays, novels and plays, but is best remembered for his play An Inspector Calls.
（教材P62）普里斯特利写了很多成功的文章、散文、小说和戏剧, 但他被世人铭记是因为他的戏剧《巡官登门》。
典例翻译
① The school inspectors were called in.
_______________
督学被叫来。
② The plants are regularly inspected for disease.
_____________________________
对这些植物定期做病害检查。
③ Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track.
_______________________________
工程师对轨道进行了彻底检查。
④ The head teacher went on a tour of inspection of all the classrooms.
_______________________
校长巡视了所有教室。
归纳拓展
（1） inspect vt. 检查; 视察
因某物而检查某人/某物 ____________________________
inspect sb./sth. for sth.
（2） inspection n. 检查; 视察
巡视 _______________________
进行检查 __________________________
a tour of inspection
carry out an inspection
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① The ______________ （inspect） were supposed to be a surprise, but keepers sometimes had advance notice.
inspections
② The customs ____________ （inspect） was on the watch for diamond smugglers.
inspector
③ The teacher walked around_____________ （inspect）their work.
inspecting
（2） 完成句子
④两个警察让一辆卡车停住以便检查司机的驾驶证。
Two policemen ___________________________________the driver’s license.
held up a truck so as to inspect
2. insist v. 坚称, 坚决认为
Even at the risk of appearing to this fair and witty reviewer as another Mr Woodhouse, I must insist that last night’s fall of snow here was an event. （教材P62）在这位公正睿智的评论家面前, 即使是冒着让自己看起来像另一个伍德豪斯先生那样的风险, 我也得坚持说昨晚这儿的降雪是件大事。
典例翻译
① She insisted on leaving because it was so late.
_____________________________
她执意要走, 因为天太晚了。
② The doctor insisted that he was seriously ill and insisted that he （should） be operated on immediately.
_______________________________________________________
医生坚持说他病得很严重, 并坚决要求他应该立即动手术。
③ I still insist on my viewpoint.
_____________________
我仍坚持我的观点。
④ We must stick to our task till it is finished.
_________________________________________
我们必须坚持我们的工作, 直至做完为止。
归纳拓展
（1） 坚持…… ____________
insist on
（2） 执意继续做某事（ = persist in doing sth.） _______________________
insist on doing sth.
（3）“insist+that从句”表示“坚决要求……”时, 从句中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”, should可省略;“insist+that从句”表示“坚持说……”时, 从句不用虚拟语气。
易混辨析
insist on指坚持某种观点。
stick to多用于坚持原则、立场、观点、岗位、诺言等, 后接名词。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①After checking the state of the patient, the doctor insisted that the situation ______（be） bad and that he_______ （have） 10 days off work to have a rest. But he insisted on going back to work without hesitation.
was
have
（2） 一句多译
②他坚持要我同他一起去。
He insisted ________________________________.
He insisted __________________________.
that I （should） go with him
on me/my going with him
（3） 单句写作
③老师坚决要求要充分利用每一分钟来做好这项工作。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
The teacher insisted that every minute （should） be made full use of to do the work well.
3. enhance v. 改进, 增强
What images does the author use to enhance the description of snow （教材P64）作者用什么比喻来加强对雪的描述？
典例翻译
① The black headband enhanced the whiteness of her skin.
_______________________________________
黑色的束发带使她的皮肤显得更加白皙。
② Being honest can enhance our reputation.
_________________________
诚实能提高我们的声誉。
③ The moonlight enhanced the beauty of the scene.
_________________________
月光使这景色更加美丽。
归纳拓展
（1） 提高某人的声誉____________________________
enhance one’s reputation
（2） 增强……的美 __________________________
enhance the beauty of…
（3）enhance one’s consciousness提高某人的意识
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①He said that the attractiveness of the book_______________（enhance） by excellent drawings.
was enhanced
（2） 完成句子
② 他的回绝对提高他的声誉没有任何帮助。
His refusal does nothing____________________________.
to enhance his reputation
③ 在我们的日常生活中, 我们总是看到“防止地球变暖, 有效利用资源”这样的标语, 这提高了我们的环保意识。
In our daily life, we always see the slogan of“prevent the earth becoming warm, efficiently use the resources”, and this greatly_________________________________________________________ .
enhances our consciousness of environmental protection
1. as if引导方式状语从句
I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children, whom I found all looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as if Christmas had suddenly come round again. （教材P62）今天早上对此我几乎和孩子们一样兴奋, 我看到他们都透过窗户望着外面神奇的世界, 兴奋地说个不停, 好像圣诞节又突然来临了。
典例翻译
① He behaved as if nothing had happened.
_____________________
他表现得若无其事。
② The teacher treats her students very well,as if they were her own children.
_______________________________________________________
这位老师对她的学生非常好, 就好像他们是她自己的孩子。
③ He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
_________________________
他张开嘴好像要说什么。
归纳拓展
（1）as if也可用在seem, smell, sound, taste等系动词后引导表语从句。
（2）当as if/though从句表示的情况是事实或可能发生的真实情况时, 从句用陈述语气。
（3）当as if/though从句表示的情况与事实相反或不可能发生时, 从句用虚拟语气。
①从句表示的情况与现在事实相反, 谓语动词用一般过去时（be动词用were）。
②从句表示的情况与过去事实相反, 谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。
③从句表示的情况与将来事实相反, 谓语动词用“would/could/might+动词原形”。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① It was John who broke the window. Why are you talkingto me as if I ___________ （do）it
had done
（2） 完成句子
② 快点！火车好像要开了。
Hurry up! It looks as if ______________________________ .
the train is going to leave
③ 他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那里似的。
He talks about Rome as if he_________________before.
had been there
2.“find+宾语+宾补”结构
You go to bed in one kind of world and wake up to find yourself in another quite different, and if this is not magic, then where is it to be found （教材P62）你入睡时, 世界是一个模样, 醒来时发现是完全不同的另一番模样, 若非有魔力, 如何才能这般？
典例翻译
① She again found herself unable to blame him.
___________________________________
她又一次发现自己难以开口责备他。
② Carrie found herself stared at.
___________________________
卡丽发现有人在盯着她看。
③ When he awoke, he found himself in a room he didn’t recognize.
_____________________________________________
等他醒来, 他发现自己在一个他不认识的房间。
归纳拓展
（1）find+宾语+
（2）find it+形容词/名词+to do…（it是形式宾语, to do是真正的宾语）
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① I found my wallet_________（steal） on the bus.
stolen
② Some students find it not easy________________（understand） English grammar.
to understand
③ A group of children were found__________ （play） in the playground.
playing
（2） 句型转换
④He found that it was hard to finish the work on time.
→He ___________________________________on time.
found it hard to finish the work
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. All the tourists are impressed with the amazing___________（景色） there.
prospect
2. Mr. Johnson established the first_________（教堂） in that part of the city.
church
3. I still remember the ________（儿歌, 童谣） that I learned as a child.
rhyme
4. These cruel devices are designed to stop prisoners from__________（使弯曲） their legs.
bending
enhance
5. This is a good opportunity to __________ （增强） the reputation of the company.
innocent
6. Mary is an___________（天真的） girl who likes painting so much.
disposed
7. Chinese vases are___________（摆放） around the gallery.
redden
8. The leaves turn yellow, and the maples_________ （变红）, so beautiful and so graceful!
9. He also___________（坚决要求） that they should leave enough space for children.
insisted
sparkle
10. With the brilliant__________（闪耀的光）still in her eyes, she ran out of the door.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
bend one’s mind to, get across, turn up, at the risk of, apart from, break out, insist on, come out
1. I must ____________your giving me a straightforward answer.
insist on
2. She___________________the new work so that she forgot to have supper.
bent her mind to
3. The man talked for nearly an hour at the meeting, but I really don’t know what point he was trying to_____________.
get across
4. He promised to come but hasn’t____________yet.
turned up
at the risk of
5. He saved my life_________________losing his own.
Apart from
6. _____________the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.
broke out
7. A big fire ____________ last night; as a consequence, the house was completely destroyed.
came out
8. I opened my mouth to explain, but no words___________.
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Last night’s fall of snow was an event. I was nearly as 1.____________ （excite）about it this morning as the children. The very secrecy and 2.______________（quiet）made it more magical. When I got up this morning the world was a cold place of dead white 3.________ pale blues. Then the sun was shining bravely and 4.______________ （flush）the snow with delicate pinks. The dining-room window had been transformed 5.___________a lovely Japanese
excited
quietness
and
flushing
into
print. 6.________hour or two later the world had completely changed again. The little Japanese prints had all disappeared. There 7.________ （be）indeed something 8.______________ （curious）disturbing about the whole prospect. Now it has changed again. The glare has gone and no touch of the 9._______________ （disturb）remains. From 10.__________ （I）study, I can see the children flattening their noses against the window.
was
curiously
disturbing
my
An
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. On the bench a large light bulb was glowing__________（faint）.
faintly
2. She responded to their criticism with a________ （wit） remark.
witty
3. The movie was enthusiastically received by the ____________（review）.
reviewers
4. He has made steady progress in his study since he worked day and night steadily for _________（near） a few months.
nearly
5. She was the first woman to be appointed to the board, at which she felt very __________（excite）.
excited
6. Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of ________ （snow） mountains.
snowy
7. The decision was delayed for almost a year because of the local residents’ complaint that the newly-built factory would disturb the ____________（quiet） of the place.
8. Until you are older you will not know what ________（brave） smiles can mean.
quietness
brave
lovely
9. They spent the afternoon in _________ （love） shops and visited artists in their workplaces beside the water.
heavily
10. Bill is __________（heavy） in debt at the moment-but hopes to pay it off when he gets paid.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
bend to , be innocent of , be famous for , break out , early on , atthe risk of , wake up, come out , a large number of
1. I knew from the start that I wanted to build a library for the students. ___________
early on
2. The policeman saved my life by taking the risk of losing his own in the accident. _________________
at the risk of
3. After a long time, the rain finally stopped and the sun appeared. ___________
came out
4. I was moved by the doctor’s spirit when the epidemic occurred. ____________
broke out
5. The little boy came to and found himself alone in the house. __________
woke up
6. This actor is well known for his unusual clothes and behavior. ________________
is famous for
7. There are a lot of people who have applied for the job. ____________________
a large number of
bend to
8. They refused to give in to the bad man’s demands. __________
9. The accused person insisted that he had nothing to do with the crime. __________________
was innocent of
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 我的爸爸工作的那家公司的老板是一位很善良的人。
The boss ___________________my father works is a very kind person.
in whose company
2. 掌握这项技术使我们能够更有效地使用互联网。
Mastering the technology ____________________for us to use the Internet more effectively.
makes it possible
3. 正如孩子们常有的情况一样, 医生到的时候Amy就好多了。
As is always the case with children, Amy was better ______________ the doctor arrived.
by the time
4. 他的言谈举止就好像他目睹了整个事件。
He behaved _________________________the whole incident.
as if he had witnessed
5. 真正的幸福感会在我们学会对我们所拥有的感到满足时到来。
True happiness comes ___________________be content with what we have owned.
when we learn to
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
Nature calms our stressed-out soul. Nature is the best medicine, but new research is showing what little time we need to set aside to harvest the benefits.
In one new study, researchers tried to find the most effective “dose（药剂）” of nature within the context of normal daily life.
As more doctors prescribe （开药方） nature experiences for stress
relief and other health benefits-sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”—the study’s authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear.
“We know that spending time in nature reduces stress, but until now it is unclear how much is enough, how often to do it, or even what kind of nature experience will benefit us,” says lead author Mary Carol Hunter in a statement. “Our study shows that for the greatest pay-off,
in terms of efficiently lowering levels ofthe stress hormone cortisone （压力荷尔蒙激素）, you should spend 20 to 30 minutes sitting or walking in a place that provides you with a sense of nature.”
A nature pill can be a low-cost, low-risk way to curb the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyles. To find the most efficient dosage, Hunter and her co-authors asked 36 city citizens to have nature experiences of at least 10 minutes three times per week over eight weeks.
Every two weeks, the researchers collected saliva （唾液） samples to measure levels of the stress hormone cortisone, both before and after the participants took a nature pill. The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. The effect was more efficient between 20 and 30 minutes, after which benefits continued to increase but at a slower rate.
That fits in with the findings of another recent study, which found that spending 20 minutes in an urban park could make you happier, no matter whether you use that time to exercise.
For this study, 94 adults visited 3 urban parks in Mountain Brook, Alabama, completing a questionnaire about their subjective well-being before and after their visit. An accelerometer （加速度计） tracked their physical activity.
A visit lasting 20 to 25 minutes showed the best results, with a roughly 64% increase in the participants’ self-reported well- being, even if they didn’t move a great deal in the park.
That last point is particularly positive, since it means anyone can benefit from visiting a nearby park, whatever his or her age or physical ability.
“There is increasing pressure on green space within urban settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. “Planners and developers look to replace green space with residential （住宅的） and commercial property. The challenge faced by cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.”
A
1. The authors of the study expected to ____.
A. study the treatments of nature in detail
B. find an effective way to treat stress
C. introduce the benefits of a “nature pill”
D. share some rewarding nature experiences
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了“自然药丸”对人的作用, 并说明了适度接触大自然可以使人获益, 提升人的幸福感, 最后强调了城市公园的重要性。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段中的As more doctors prescribe（开药方） nature experiences for stress relief and other health benefits-sometimes referred to as a “nature pill”—the study’s authors hoped to make the details of these treatments clear. 可知, 这项研究的作者们希望这些治疗的细节能够更加清晰。
由此可知, 这项研究的作者希望更加详细地研究自然治疗法。
故选A项。
2. What does the underlined word “curb” in Paragraph 4 probably mean ( )
A. Experience. B. Realize. C. Control. D. Produce.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据第四段中画线词后的the negative effects of urbanization and indoor lifestyles（城市化和室内生活方式的负面影响）可推知,“自然药丸”是一种抑制或降低这种负面影响的低成本、低风险的方式。由此推断curb与control的意思最为接近。故选C项。
3. What does the first study mainly show ( )
A. We should stay in nature as long as possible.
B. Many health problems are caused by great pressure.
C. Lack of exercise may greatly increase cortisone levels.
D. A short period of time in nature is enough to reduce stress.
D
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第五段中的The data showed that just a 20-minute nature experience was enough to significantly reduce cortisone levels. 可知, 数据显示, 仅仅20分钟的自然体验就足以显著地降低激素水平。由此可知, 短时间的与自然的接触就足够可以降低人们的压力。故选D项。
4. What does Gavin Jenkins want to express in the last paragraph
( )
A. Big cities should provide more sports facilities.
B. City developers should spare more green space.
C. Visiting parks benefits people’s physical health.
D. City planners should invest more in the property.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段中的“There is increasing pressure… settings,” said a UAB professor Gavin Jenkins. 和“The challenge faced by cities is…these spaces.”可知, Gavin Jenkins认为, 越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值, 但我们依旧看到这些空地的消失。由此推断Gavin Jenkins呼吁城市建设者为城市留出更多的绿色空间。故选B项。
深度解析
词汇积累
set aside 留出 effective adj. 有效的, 起作用的 benefit v. 有益于, 对……有益 experience n. 经验; 经历; 体验at least至少 significantly adv. 显著地; 明显地
长难句分析
The challenge faced by cities is that there is increasing evidence about the value of city parks but we continue to see the disappearance of these spaces.
城市面临的挑战是, 越来越多的证据表明城市公园的价值, 但我们依旧看到这些空地的消失。
分析：本句为主从复合句。主句中faced by cities为过去分词短语作后置定语; that引导的是表语从句; 从句中包含一个由but连接的并列句。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
[2020福建省泉州市第七中学期末]
An act of kindness doesn’t have to be a grand gesture. Even those small acts of kindness can make a difference in someone’s day. That was just the case for Amie Mickey when she 1 a bumper sticker （车尾贴） on her car reading: You Matter.
Amie started to do this several years ago. At first, she wondered if people would 2 it. However, much to her surprise, she began seeing a flood of 3 every time she hit the road.
More often than not, people 4 slowly near her car would roll down their windows, raising their 5 , waving and smiling. Sometimes, she even found some sticky notes left on her windshield saying things like “You 6 too!” Once while she was driving down the highway, she became 7 when a man driving a sports car at a high speed pulled his car alongside suddenly, waving and mouthing, “You matter!” Though it took her some time to recover from the 8 ,
she still felt happy. Last year, someone 9 her car while she was waiting for her friend in the car by the roadside, saying to her, “It is a（n） 10 sticker. I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your sticker has done.” The two small words on the sticker seem simple enough, but they really struck a chord with many complete strangers who 11 to catch sight of the sticker.
Stories like Amie’s really 12 the rest of us.
Sometimes a kind word or gesture may lift our 13 and it doesn’t cost a thing except for a little extra thought. Maybe it means offering a friend a hug, praising the children when they 14 well in school, helping someone out or volunteering at nursing homes. Acts of kindness are waiting everywhere. Small as they seem, they can make a 15 impact on the world, and help form general goodness.
1. ( )A. tore up B. picked up C. fixed up D. put up
D
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Amie Mickey在汽车上贴了一张写着“你很重要”的纸条。通过这种小的善意行为来传播正能量。
【解题思路】考查动词短语。根据空后的a bumper sticker（车尾贴） on her car可知是她在车上张贴（put up）了贴纸。故选D项。
2. ( )A. watch B. overlook C. notice D. ignore
C
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文would roll down their windows, raising their可知她想知道人们是否会注意到这个贴纸, 空后的it指代贴纸。故选C项。
3. ( )A. attention B. confusion
C. strangers D. passers-by
A
[解析] 【解题思路】考查名词。令她感到惊讶的是, 每次她一上路就开始看到大量的关注。attention注意; 关注。故选A项。
4. ( )A. running B. driving C. walking D. riding
B
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。通过分析上下文可知, 下文提到 “人们摇下车窗”, 由此可知, 此处表示缓慢开车的人。故选B项。
5. ( )A. voices B. hats C. shoulders D. thumbs
D
[解析] 【解题思路】考查名词。此处表示人们对她的行为表示称赞, 因此是竖起拇指。故选D项。
6. ( )A. count B. share C. value D. matter
D
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。此处表达别人对她的行为的认可, 同时和前面提到的 “You Matter!”相呼应。故选D项。
7. ( )A. frightened B. discouraged
C. embarrassed D. disappointed
A
[解析] 【解题思路】考查形容词。通过下文when a man driving a sports car at a high speed pulled his car alongside suddenly可知, 此处是一个男人突然把车开到她旁边, 所以Amie应该是吓了一跳, 感到害怕。故选A项。
8. ( )A. parking B. speed C. incident D. event
C
[解析] 【解题思路】考查名词。此处应是指“Amie感到吓一跳”这件事, 从这次事件中恢复过来。incident是指偶然发生的, 不太重要的小事。event是指重大而引人注目的事情。故选C项。
9. ( )A. approached B. blocked
C. repaired D. cleaned
A
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文saying to her可知该空的动词和该句中的saying构成前后的逻辑关系。人先走向Amie, 然后再说话。故选A项。
10. ( )A. important B. special
C. typical D. skeptical
B
[解析] 【解题思路】考查形容词。根据下文“I’ve seen various stickers before, but none of them have touched me as your sticker has done. （我以前见过各种各样的贴纸, 但没有一个像你的贴纸那样让我感动。）”可知, 这个贴纸和他见过的其他贴纸不一样, 很特别。故选B项。
11. ( )A. happened B. occurred
C. managed D. offered
A
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。此处指这句话引起了很多碰巧看到这个贴纸的人的共鸣。happen to碰巧。故选A项。
12. ( )A. shock B. inspire C. delight D. satisfy
B
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。Amie的行为激励了人们。故选B项。
13. ( )A. feelings B. thoughts
C. spirits D. minds
C
[解析] 【解题思路】考查名词。此处指一句友善的话语或一个小的行为都会振奋我们的精神。故选C项。
14. ( )A. work B. exercise C. conduct D. behave
D
[解析] 【解题思路】考查动词。表扬孩子, 是因为他们在学校的表现不错。故选D项。
15. ( )A. reliable B. subjective
C. positive D. brief
C
[解析] 【解题思路】考查形容词。尽管它们看起来很微小, 但它们会对世界产生积极的影响。make a positive impact on对……产生积极影响, 故选C项。(共86张PPT)
Unit 6 Nature in words
Section Ⅱ Using language
（非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语）
1. （教材P65）…I saw the ground so fantastically carpeted.
2. （教材P65）…wake up to find yourself in another quite different,…
3. （教材P65） I can see the children flattening their noses against the window, …
4. （教材P65）The Lake Poets were a small group of poets living in the Lake District of England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
5. （教材P65） The Lake District, known for its beauty, is in the north-west of England.
观察上面句子, 并分别写出每句中加黑部分所作的成分：
1._________________________
2. _____________________________
3._____________________________
4._______________________
5._______________________
过去分词作宾语补足语。
动词不定式短语作结果状语。
现在分词短语作宾语补足语。
现在分词短语作定语。
过去分词短语作定语。
非谓语动词作定语、状语、补语
1.-ing形式作状语、定语、补语
作状语 -ing形式 用法 例句
doing 表示主动的动作, 可以表示原因、条件、伴随等。作结果状语时, 表示顺理成章的结果。 Finding her car stolen, she hurried to turn to a policeman for help. 发现她的车被偷了, 她匆忙向警察求助。
He ran to fast, falling down to the ground. 他跑得太快了, 结果摔倒在地上。
-ing形式 用法
作状语 having done 表示主动, 该动作发生在句子/主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 Not having received any reply, he decided to write again. 没有收到任何回复, 他决定再写一封信。
Having realized that I could use a kite to attract lightning, I decided to do an experiment. 意识到我可以用风筝来吸引闪电, 我决定做个实验。
having been done 表示被动、完成的动作。 Having been separatedfrom other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. 与其他大陆分离达数百万年, 澳大利亚有许多未在世界上任何其他国家发现的动植物。
续表
-ing形式 用法
作定语 doing 表示主动或进行, 如果是-ing短语, 要置于所修饰的名词之后。 Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are picturesformingin your mind instead of before your eyes. 阅读是与看电视非常不同的体验; 图像在大脑中形成而不是在眼前。
being done 作后置定语, 表示被动且正在进行的动作。 The questionbeing discussedat the meeting now is very important. 现在会议上正在被讨论的问题很重要。
续表
-ing形式 用法
作补语 doing 表示主动或正在进行的动作。如果是被动语态, 那么, 宾语补足语就变成主语补足语。 I can see some kids playing in the playground. 我可以看到一些孩子在操场上玩耍。（宾语补足语）
The boy who was caught cheating in the exam will be punished. 考试作弊被抓的男生将受到惩罚。（主语补足语）
续表
注意：英语中有些动词既可以用-ing形式作宾语补足语也可以用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语, 但表达的意义有所不同。如see sb. do sth. （看到某人做了某事, 表示看到事情的全过程）和see sb. doing sth. （看到某人正在做某事, 表示看到的是正在发生的事情）。常见的用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel, hear, notice, see, watch, observe。
作状语 用法 例句
过去分词作状语, 表示被动的动作, 相当于状语从句, 可以表示时间、原因、条件等, 可以转换为相应的状语从句。 Seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful.
→If it is seen from the hill, the city looks more beautiful. （如果）从山上看, 城市显得更加美丽。
2. 过去分词作状语、定语、补语
用法 例句
作状语 状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词, 构成“连词+过去分词”结构作状语。 When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体检时要保持镇定。
I won’t go to the party unless invited. 我不会去参加聚会的, 除非受到邀请。
续表
用法 例句
作定语 过去分词作定语表示被动或完成, 相当于省略了“which/that+be”的定语从句。过去分词用作定语, 如果是单个词, 常置于其所修饰的名词之前。 We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. 卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气, 煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。
续表
用法 例句
作补语 作表示感觉或心理状态的动词的宾补。如: see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, find等。 I heard the song sung in English. 我听到有人用英语唱过这首歌。
He found his hometown greatly changed. 他发现他的家乡变化很大。
续表
作补语 用法 例句
表示“使; 让”的动词后常接过去分词作宾补。如: have, get, keep, leave等。 I’ll have my hair cut tomorow. 明天我要理发。
He got his tooth puled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。
Don’t leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。
make oneself后接过去分词作宾补, 表示“使自己被……”。 He spoke in a louder voice in order to make himself heard. 他更大声地讲话, 以便让别人听到。
续表
3. 不定式作状语、定语、补语
作状语 用法 例句
不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因语等。不定式作目的状语, 常常置于句首, 如果置于句尾, 不定式前面常常没有逗号。 I stayed there to see what would hapen. 我留在那里看看会发生什么事。（目的状语）
I returned home that day to find that everything was being in good order. 那天我回到家却发现一切都那么井井有条。（结果状语, 表示出乎意料的结果。）
I am sorryto hearthat. 听到那件事我很难过。（原因状语）
用法 例句
作定语 往往表示要做的事情。 He has nothing to do. 他无事可做。
We reached an agreement to do the work together. 我们达成协议共同做这项工作。
They made a plan to develop new products. 他们制订了一个研制新产品的计划。
续表
用法 例句
作补语 常见的用带to的不定式作宾语补足语的及物动词有: alow, ask, beg, cause, forbid, force, get, invite, persuade, request, teach, tell, remind, want, warn, wish, advise, encourage 等。 We don’t allow them to take away any books from our library. 我们不允许他们带走我们图书馆的任何书。
Finally we persuaded them to stay with us. 最后我们说服他们和我们一起留下来。
续表
作补语 用法 例句
常见的用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有: fell, hear, have, let, make, notice, see, watch, listen to等。注意: 在主动语态中, 用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语, 在被动语态中, 动词不定式符号to要还原, 动词不定式转而作主语补足语。 Someone was heardto openthe door. 听见有人开门。（作主语补足语）
续表
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. He said that many words _____________（describe）nature were being added to the new version of the junior dictionary.
describing
2. The salvage, ____________（pile）upon the pier.
was piled
3. Yet the growth of business and industry also widened the gulf between the rich and the poor, _________（give）rise to reform movements.
giving
4. I heard him __________（sing）in the next room.
singing
5. American millionaires’ rooms were filled with art works ___________（import）from Europe.
imported
Ⅱ. 语法填空
1. I was looking forward to 1.___________（visit） the Tate Gallery of British Art in London. I decided 2.________（go） there last Saturday. My friend agreed 3.__________（come） with me. We planned 4.___________（spend） the whole day there. We planned 5.__________（meet） at 9 am. My friend promised 6.________ （be）there on time. However, my friend hates 7.__________（get） up early and he arrived an hour late. After half an hour I got tired of 8.__________（wait） for him and I visited it alone.
visiting
to go
to come
to spend
to meet
to be
getting
waiting
1. fade v. 逐渐消失; 褪色
It comes when we remember nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers-when the memory of snow, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded from our minds as completely as they have disappeared from the earth-and yet what a pleasant time it is! （教材P66）当我们只记得晴朗的天空、绿色的田野和芳香的花朵时, 当冰雪和寒风的记忆完全从我们的脑海中消失, 就像它们从地球上消失一样, 它（八月）就会到来——然而这是多么令人愉快的时光啊!
典例翻译
① Effect of the international financial crisis is fading away.
_________________________________
国际金融危机的影响正逐渐减弱。
② He saw the monitor black out and a few words faded in.
_______________________________________
他看见屏幕变暗, 渐渐显示出了几个字。
③ Fade out the music at the end of the scene.
___________________________
在场景的末尾把音乐减弱。
归纳拓展
（1） 逐渐消失; （人）衰弱; 病重死亡____________
fade away
（2） （画面）淡入, 渐显; （声音）渐强__________
fade in
（3） （画面）淡出, 渐隐; （声音）渐弱___________
fade out
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①The old man became ill and slowly faded _______.
away
（2） 单句写作
②太阳把窗帘晒得褪了色。
__________________________________
The sun had faded the curtains.
2. sweep v. 扫过, 掠过…the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, or waving in every gentle wind that sweeps above it, tinges the landscape with a golden colour. （教材P66）……一捆捆优雅地堆在一起的小麦, 或迎着枝头掠过的微风摇摆的小麦, 给大地染上了金黄的色彩。
典例翻译
① A huge wave swept over the deck.
_____________________________
一股巨浪从甲板上卷了过去。
② They were swept along/away by the force of their emotions.
___________________________
他们受感情的威力所驱使。
③ They say they will sweep away the administration and introduce new methods.
_________________________________________
他们说要取消那种行政管理而采用新方法。
归纳拓展
（1） 将某物清除__________________
sweep sth. away
（2） 使某人醉心; 驱使某人专注_______________________
sweep sb. along/away
（3） 突然袭来 _____________
sweep over
（4）sweep sth. aside 对……置之不理; 不理会; 全然无视
sweep into 阔步进入; 大模大样地走入
sweep sth. out打扫干净, 清扫干净（房间等）
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
①They swept _______ the hall, looking forward to knowing what was going on.
②A deadly fear swept _______ him.
into
over
（2） 单句写作
③学生们正在打扫教室地面。
________________________________________________________
3. hang over笼罩; 使……忧虑
A soft, pleasant light appears to hang over the whole earth…（教材P66）一道柔和的、令人愉快的光似乎笼罩着整个地球……
The students are sweeping the floor of the classroom.
典例翻译
① If you continue to hang out with that group of bad boys, you’ll fail in your exams.
_________________________________________________
如果你继续和那群坏孩子闲逛, 你考试会不及格的。
② Please hang on a second; I’ll look for the manager and tell him you are on the phone for him.
_____________________________________________________
请不要挂电话, 我去找经理并告诉他你正打电话等着他。
③ The dog’s tongue was hanging out.
_______________________
狗的舌头耷拉在外面。
④ The possibility of a court case is still hanging over her.
___________________________________________
可能被告上法庭的阴影依然笼罩在她的心头。
归纳拓展
（1） （在逆境中）坚持; 握住不放; 不挂断__________
hang on
（2） 闲逛; 耷拉在外面 ___________
hang out
（3）hang together 相符, 一致; 同心协力
hang on to sth. 紧紧抓住某物
易混辨析
hang可表示两种意思：一作“绞死; 吊死”, 规则变化; 二作“悬挂”, 不规则变化, 过去式和过去分词都是hung。
学以致用
（1） 用hang短语的正确形式填空
①It is often the case that anything is possible for those who _____________ hope.
② __________ a minute-I’ll be with you in a moment!
hang on to
Hang on
（2） 完成句子
③无论处境可能多么困难, 都要不遗余力地获取知识并坚持下去。
___________________________________________________ no matter how difficult the situation may be.
Spare no effort to acquire knowledge and hang on
感叹句… what a pleasant time it is!（教材P66）……这是多么令人愉快的时光啊!
典例翻译
① How cold it is!
______________
天气多冷呀!
② What fools they are!
______________
他们多傻啊!
③ How interesting a story it is!
_________________________
这是个多有趣的故事啊！
④ How well she plays!
____________________
她演奏得多么好啊!
⑤ What beautiful weather!
____________
天气真好!
归纳拓展
英语的感叹句通常以how和what开头, 其中what后接名词, how修饰形容词或副词。根据感叹句的不同结构, 我们可以将它归纳为以下句型：
What+名词+主语+谓语！（其中的“主语+谓语”通常可以省略）
What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！
What+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词+主语+谓语！
How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！
How+形容词+a/an+名词单数可数+主语+谓语！
How+主语+谓语！
学以致用
单句填空
① ______ fast he drives!
How
② _______ a surprise!
What
③ ______ he wished for a drink!
How
④ _______ clever boys they are!
What
⑤ What ____ slow train this is!
a
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. It is an honour for me to be invited ____________（attend） the conference.
to attend
2. His mother wanted him ________（be） a teacher when he grew up, but he didn’t want.
to be
3. She is said to __________________（give） an offer to go to the big company.
have been given
5. My teacher encouraged me to study hard _________________（admit） to a key university.
4. He wanted to swim across the river but I warned him not ________（do） so.
to do
to be admitted
To improve
7. Greatly __________（touch） by his teacher’s words, he did a lot of things to help his classmates.
6. _____________（improve） his English, he gets up early to listen to the radio every morning.
touched
Founded
8. __________（found） in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
Having been told
9. ___________________ （tell） many times, he still couldn’t understand it.
opened
10. The computer centre, _________（open） last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
Getting
11. __________（get） along well with my classmates, I always get help whenever in trouble.
having received
12. Not __________________（receive） a reply from the company, he decided to call the company.
13. We made our way home, ____________（exhaust） but thrilled.
exhausted
14. __________ （make） your dream come true, the first thing to do is make a plan and determine to carry it out.
To make
coming
15. Seeing Mom _________（come）home, Tom pretended to be reading a book.
being shown
16. The film ______________（show） these days attracts a lot of young people.
17. The exam ______________ （take） several months away is of great importance to every student.
to be taken
guiding
18. With the head teacher __________（guide） us, we are sure to have a bright future.
Ⅱ. 语境选词
be known for, nothing but, be used to, for instance, in my opinion, all the time, think about, participate in, be irrelevant to, the same as
1. The essay which you wrote ___________________ the topic.
is irrelevant to
2. I have to remind myself repeatedly that I’m not a child anymore. Otherwise, I feel ______________ before.
the same as
3. Jack will have to _________________ a sporting activity that day, so he can’t accompany you to the party.
participate in
4. Lola is so determined that she never _______________ quitting.
thinks about
6. Sandy could do ______________ admit to his teacher that he was wrong.
5. Guilin is a tourist attraction which _______________ its beautiful scenery.
is known for
7. A machine could, _______________, make a complete set of plates and dishes out of plastic.
nothing but
for instance
8. This method can _____________ solve the problem.
be used to
In my opinion
9. ________________ , learning English is a step-by-step process.
10. Opportunities are present _______________ , but often they disappear without notice.
all the time
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 老师课堂上说的使我感到困惑。
What the teacher said in class _______________________ .
made me feel puzzled
2. 放学后我们去阅览室读书, 结果被告知阅览室正在装修。
After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, __________________ that it was being decorated.
only to be told
3. 昨天在街上走着的时候, 我遇到了一位老朋友。
________________ in the street yesterday, I met an old friend of mine.
While walking
4. 这个房间住起来很舒服。
This room ____________________________.
is comfortable to live in
5. 今天早上当我进来的时候, 我发现他正在埋头读一本小说。
When I came in this morning, I ___________________ in a novel.
found him buried
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
[2021江苏省泰州中学高二开学考试]
If two scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory are correct, people will still be driving gasoline-powered cars 50 years from now, giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） into the atmosphere-and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming.
In a proposal by two scientists, vehicle emissions（排放物）
would no longer contribute to global warming. The scientists, F. Jeffrey Martin and William L. Kubic Jr., are proposing a concept, which they have named Green Freedom, for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline.
The idea is simple. Air would be blown over a liquid solution of potassium carbonate, which would absorb the carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide would then be put to chemical reactions that would turn it into fuel（燃料）: gasoline or jet fuel.
This process could change carbon dioxide from an unwanted, climate-changing pollutant into a vast resource for renewable fuels. The cycle-equal amounts of carbon dioxide produced and removed-would mean that cars, trucks and airplanes using the synthetic（合成的） fuels would no longer be contributing to global warming.
Although they have not yet built a synthetic fuel factory, or even a small model, the scientists say it is all based on existing technology. “Everything in the concept has been built,
is operating or has a close cousin that is operating,” Dr. Martin said.
The Los Alamos proposal does not go against any laws of physics, and other scientists who have independently suggested similar ideas. Dr. Martin said he and Dr. Kubic had worked out their concept in more detail than former proposals.
There is, however, a major fact that explains why no one has built a carbon-dioxide-to-gasoline factory: it requires a great deal of energy.
According to their explanation, their concept, which would cost about ＄5 billion to build, could produce gasoline at an operating cost of ＄1.40 a gallon and would turn economically practical when the price at the pump hits ＄4.60 a gallon.
Other scientists said the Los Alamos proposal perhaps looked promising but could not evaluate it fully because the details had not been published. “It’s definitely worth pursuing,” said Martin I. Hoffert, a professor of physics at New York University. “It’s not that new. It has a couple of pieces to it that are interesting.”
1. What is the value of the scientists’ proposal ( )
A. It increases the productivity of a fuel factory.
B. It decreases the cost of producing gasoline.
C. It reduces the pollution caused by car driving.
D. It promotes a new idea of environmental protection.
C
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们提出的一种把汽油燃烧后的二氧化碳变成燃料以减少环境污染的观念、理论依据和具体实践中的问题。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的giving out heat-trapping carbon dioxide（二氧化碳） into the atmosphere-and yet that carbon dioxide will not contribute to global warming和第二段中的for removing carbon dioxide from the air and turning it back into gasoline可知, 科学家们的这个新提议能够减少汽油对环境的污染, 把二氧化碳变成燃料。故选C项。
2. The underlined part “has a close cousin that is operating” probably means the technology in the concept ____.
A. has been popular for so long
B. has been ignored by many people
C. is not appropriate for practice
D. will be put into practice in the near future
D
[解析] 【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】此处指这种观念依据的是现有科技, 一切已经建造, 正在操作或付诸实践。画线部分指在不久的将来付诸实践, 故选D项。
3. What is the biggest challenge in realizing the concept Green Freedom ( )
A. There is no theoretical basis.
B. It is not economically practical.
C. There is no solution to some technical problems.
D. Only a few scientists support the idea.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】倒数第三段中的it requires a great deal of energy和倒数第二段内容中的数字表明, 建造这种工厂最大的障碍是需要大量的能源和资金, 缺乏经济上的可行性。故选B项。
深度解析
词汇积累
contribute to导致 global warming全球变暖
concept n. 概念; 观念
blow v. 吹动 renewable adj. 可再生的; 可更新的
go against 反对
长难句分析
According to their explanation, their concept, which would cost about ＄5 billion to build, could produce gasoline at an operating cost of ＄1.40 a gallon and would turn economically practical when the price at the pump hits ＄4.60 a gallon. 根据他们的分析, 实施这一概念的成本约为50亿美元, 它可以以每加仑1.40美元的运营成本生产汽油, 当加油站的价格达到每加仑4.60美元时, 经济上就会变得切实可行。
分析：本句为主从复合句。which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰主句主语concept, 主句有两个并列谓语could produce和would turn, 另外when引导时间状语从句。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
A
Li Ziqi, who lives in a picturesque village of south-west China’s Sichuan Province, 1.______________（make） a name for herself by making various Chinese dishes on YouTube since 2016. In her videos, she 2.________________（graceful） works as a farmer, impressing viewers with her understanding of food, nature and Chinese culture while showcasing the charm of Chinese culture in
has made
gracefully
every detail of daily life. Her traditional food preparation craft and Chinese rural lifestyle have attracted 11.1 million subscribers on YouTube.
Just like Li Ziqi, Grandpa Amu is also trying to spread unique Chinese techniques to the world.3._________ 63-year-old Chinese grandpa’s traditional carpentry skills are delighting tens of millions of viewers online as he creates woodwork without glue, screws （螺丝钉）or nails. His most popular video, which shows him
The
making a fantastic arch bridge,4.__________（go） viral on the platform last month, gaining more than 42 million views. Grandpa Amu follows an ancient Chinese mortise and tenon（榫卯）technique, 5.___________ means no glue or nails are involved in the entire process of building the arch bridge. Grandpa Amu has also made several 6.____________（wood） toys for his grandson using the same technique. Among all the items, a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy are his grandson’s 7.______________（favorite）.
which
wooden
favorites
went
Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law now work full time on his videos, 8.____________ （hope） that the popularity would help local villagers 9.___________（well） sell their farm produce. Although the master carpenter has drawn over 1.18 million subscribers so far on YouTube, Grandpa Amu insists that he is not an Internet celebrity 10._________ just an ordinary farmer.
better
but
hoping
1. ___________
has made
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了两位在YouTube上人气很高的网红李子柒和阿木爷爷。
考查动词的时态。句意：李子柒住在中国西南部四川省一个风景如画的村庄里, 自2016年起, 她就因在YouTube上制作各种中国菜而出名。 根据时间状语since 2016可知, 此处应用现在完成时。故填has made。
2. _____________
gracefully
[解析] 考查副词。 修饰句子的谓语动词works, 应该用副词形式。故填gracefully。
3. ______
The
[解析] 考查冠词。前一句中提到Grandpa Amu, 此处用定冠词the特指前一句中的“Grandpa Amu”; 句子第一个单词首字母应大写。故填The。
4. _______
went
[解析] 考查动词的时态。时间状语 last month指过去的时间, 句子的时态应该用一般过去时。故填went。
5. ________
which
[解析] 考查定语从句关系词。分析句子结构可知, 设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 用which引导非限制性定语从句, that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
6. _________
wooden
[解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词toys应该用形容词形式; wood是名词, 形容词形式为wooden, 意为“木制的”。故填wooden。
7. ____________
favorites
[解析] 考查名词的数。句子主语a walking Peppa Pig and a bubble blowing toy是复数意义, 因此favorite应该用复数形式。故填favorites。
8. _________
hoping
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。hope和句子的主语Grandpa Amu’s son and daughter-in-law是逻辑上的主动关系, 此处用现在分词hoping作状语。故填hoping。
9. _________
better
[解析] 考查副词比较级。根据语境可知, 此处well应该用比较级形式, 意为“更好地”; well的比较级是better。故填better。
10. ______
but
[解析] 考查连词。分析句子结构可知, 此处是not…but…“不是……而是……”的应用。故填but。
B
[2020江西赣州高二期中]
The southern area of Jiangxi Province 1._____________________________________ （produce） tea for hundreds of years. Villagers there often like to sing songs while 2._____________ （pick） tea leaves. The beautiful tunes echo over the tea gardens in the hills. After over 400 years of development, this practice has been transformed into a performance art.
The tea-picking opera, or Caicha Xi in Chinese, is 3._______
has produced/has been producing
picking
a
culture monument of Jiangxi Province, having a history of more than 400 years. The opera can be seen on special occasions such as Chinese New Year, 4._________ the locals are looking to pray for prosperity and a good harvest. Tea-picking opera in southern Jiangxi Province is a combination of folk songs and dancing.5._________ （it） repertoire（全部剧目） is not about royal families or government officials, 6._________ about the daily lives of local people.
when
Its
but
After the foundation of the People’s Republic of China, 7._______________ （music） created a number of songs based on tea-picking tunes and took the opera to a bigger stage. In 1960s, the popular “See the Red Army Off” 8.__________________ （compose） by drawing inspiration from one of the 9._________________ （tradition） tunes of the southern Jiangxi tea-picking opera. 86 years ago, with the same tune, mothers saw off their sons, and wives saw off their husbands for Long March.
was composed
traditional
musicians
In 2006, it was listed 10________ an intangible cultural heritage in China. To better keep the tradition and pass it on from generation to generation, the local government has provided free education for teenagers in love with tea-picking opera.
as
has produced/has been producing
1. __________________________________
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了江西的采茶戏。采茶戏是一种传统的剧目, 有着悠久的历史。中华人民共和国成立以来, 音乐家根据采茶曲调创造了许多歌曲。
考查动词的时态。句意：江西省南部地区生产茶叶已经有数百年之久。根据时间状语for hundreds of years可知, 用现在完成时或者现在完成进行时。故填has produced/has been producing。
2. __________
picking
[解析] 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, pick与其逻辑主语Villagers之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词形式。故填picking。
3. ____
a
[解析] 考查冠词。此处用不定冠词表示泛指, culture是以辅音音素开头的词, 用不定冠词a。故填a。
4. _______
when
[解析] 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空格处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词是occasions, 关系词在从句中作时间状语, 用关系副词when, 故填when。
5. ______
Its
[解析] 考查代词。修饰名词repertoire用形容词性物主代词, 表示“它的”; 句子第一个单词首字母应大写, 故填Its。
6. ______
but
[解析] 考查连词。not…but…表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
7. ____________
musicians
[解析] 考查名词。空格处是主语, 表示“音乐家”, 用musician, musician是可数名词, 前面没有限定词, 故填musicians。
8. _______________
was composed
[解析] 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子成分可知, compose是谓语动词, 与主语“See the Red Army Off” 是被动关系, 由时间状语In 1960s可推断, 时态用一般过去时, 且主语是第三人称单数, 故填was composed。
9. ______________
traditional
[解析] 考查形容词。修饰名词tunes 用形容词作定语, 故填traditional。
10. _____
as
[解析] 考查固定短语。be listed as“被列为”是固定用法, 故填as。(共118张PPT)
Unit 6 Nature in words
Section Ⅲ Developing ideas
I.课文翻译
教材原文 Silent Spring There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example-where had they gone Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. 教材译文
寂静的春天
一片古怪的寂静笼罩着这里。例如, 小鸟都飞到哪里去了 许多人谈论着, 茫然困惑、惴惴不安。后院的饲养站已经被遗弃。随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。
教材原文 教材译文
It was a spring without voices. On the mornings that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh. 这是一个寂静的春天。原本喧闹的清晨, 再也没有了知更鸟、猫鹊、鸽子、松鸦、鹪鹩的合唱以及其他小鸟的鸣叫声; 只留下一片寂静,笼罩在田野、树林和沼泽的上空。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Rachel Carson was a scientist by profession, but these lines from the opening chapter of her 1962 book Silent Spring, “A Fable for Tomorrow”, show her talent as a writer. By imagining a world without birds, she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems—in particular, to the harmful use of pesticides, such as DDT. 蕾切尔·卡森本职是一位科学家, 但是1962年, 她在《寂静的春天》一书的开篇章节“明天的寓言”中的这几行文字, 展现了她作为作家的天赋。通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她力求做到不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众, 人类活动已经对自然界生态系统造成了破坏性的后果,尤其是使用DDT之类的杀虫剂给自然界带来了严重的危害。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and even humans, and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. 她认为化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物, 甚至对人类本身造成伤害, 她希望人们在使用杀虫剂时能够更加负责、节制, 并且严加监管。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation. Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies. The book details the gypsy moth eradication programme, which killed birds, in addition to gypsy moths. Another case study was the fire-ant programme that killed cows, but not fire ants. 卡森敦促人们认清事实, 并且为此做出努力。《寂静的春天》中含有大量的科学研究和案例研究。这本书详细介绍了在消灭舞毒蛾计划中, 除了消灭舞毒蛾, 还杀死了鸟类。另一个案例研究则是在开展消灭火蚁计划时, 人们杀死的是奶牛, 而非火蚁。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve. The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources, showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. 这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。这本书最后的五十来页列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示出她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Carson’s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in environmental awareness. Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency （A）was established in the US. Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. It also earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17-cent US stamp. 卡森所述的事实让人们十分担忧, 大大提升了人们的环保意识。这本书的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远: DDT被禁用; 环境保护署也在美国成立。《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方发起绿色运动的里程碑, 这使作者在去世后获得了“总统自由勋章”的荣誉, 美国17美分的邮票上也印上了她的头像。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Silent Spring was not, however, received positively by everyone. Though Carson’s research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry. They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist. 但并不是所有人都支持《寂静的春天》。虽然卡森的研究很有说服力, 而且得到多数审阅过这本书的科学家的支持, 但是这本书很快成为了杀虫剂行业批判的对象。他们说卡森并不理解她论点背后的科学原理, 因为她是一位海洋生物学家,而不是化学家。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific. These were attempts to damage Carson’s reputation and stop her work from influencing public policy, but she remained determined to stand by her research. Carson appeared in public and on television to defend her claims-and today, more than 50 years after it was published, the voice of Silent Spring is sill ringing loud and clear. 一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。这些人想要通过破坏卡森的名声来阻止她的作品影响公共政策, 但卡森仍然决心坚持自己的研究, 在公众面前、在电视节目中露面以捍卫自己的观点。时至今日,《寂静的春天》已经出版五十多年了, 但它发出的声音依旧响亮而清晰。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Personally, I enjoy Carson’s book. She made a crucial but potentially difficult-to-understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people. This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments, strong though they are, but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing. 而我个人也十分喜欢卡森的书。她把一个至关重要但可能很难理解的问题用简单有趣的方式传达给了数百万人。这倒不是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力, 而是因为她优美典雅的文笔。
续表
教材原文 教材译文
Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today, so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message. For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson’s warning, one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring. 她的书不仅在当时改变了世界, 就是在半个世纪后的今天, 它仍然值得人们重新阅读, 以再次感受她充满感情的文字带给我们的如火焰般的温暖。因为如果我们不听从蕾切尔·卡森的劝告, 可能有一天我们会认识到另一个寂静的春天的古怪而安静的恐怖。
续表
II. 词汇拓展
1. __________ /'p zld/adj. 困惑的, 无法理解的→ ___________ /'p zl /adj. 令人迷惑的→ _________ /'p zl/n. 谜; 智力游戏 v. （使）迷惑→ _____________ /'p zlm nt/n. 迷惑; 困惑
puzzled
puzzling
puzzle
puzzlement
2. ____________/'n li/adv. 故意地→ _______ /n /v. 知道; 认识到; 懂得→ ________ /n n/adj. 已知的; 知名的
knowingly
know
known
3. ___________ /'θ r /adj. 仔细的; 缜密的→ _____________ /'θ r li/adv. 彻底; 完全
thorough
thoroughly
precise
precisely
4. __________ /pr 'sa s/adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的→ ____________ /pr 'sa sli/adv. 精确地; 恰好
5. ________ / 'we （r）/adj. 意识到的; 知道的→____________ / 'we n s/n. 知道；意识
aware
awareness
elegance
elegant
6. ___________ /'el ɡ ns/n. 优美; 简洁→ __________ /'el ɡ nt/adj. 优美的; 文雅的→ ____________ /?el ɡ ntli/adv. 优美地; 文雅地
elegantly
passionate
7. _____________ /'p ∫（ ）n t/adj. 热诚的; 具有强烈信念的→ _______________ /'p ∫（ ）n tli/adv. 热情地; 强烈地; 激昂地→ __________ /'p ∫n/n. 激情; 强烈情感
passionately
passion
origin
original
8. _________ /' r d n/n. 起源; 源头→ ___________ / 'r d n l/adj. 起初的; 原来的→ _____________ / 'r d nli/adv. 起初; 最初
originally
III.情境词块
1. 谈及; 说到 ___________
speak of
2. 力求做到 _________
aim to
3. 特别; 尤其 ________________
in particular
4. 对……产生伤害 ________________
cause harm to
5. 敦促某人做某事 ______________________
urge sb. to do sth.
6. 使某人意识到 ____________________
make sb. aware of
7. in addition to _______________
除了……之外
8. environmental awareness ___________
环保意识
9. rather than _________
而不是
坚持; 支持; 袖手旁观
10. stand by _______________________
IV. 情境佳句
1.
句型公式 过去分词作后置定语
教材原句 The few birdsseen anywherewere moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. 随处可见的为数不多的几只鸟奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。
中文例句 应邀参加晚会的大多数人是他的老校友。
句式仿写 Most of the people______________________________were his old schoolmates.
invited to the party
2.
句型公式 more…than…与其……不如……
教材原句 Some also said that her work wasmore emotionalthan scientific. 一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性不强。
中文例句 这事与其说让人高兴, 不如说让人担心。
句式仿写 It was____________________________________a pleasure.
more a worry than
文本理解
Reading for the details.
Choose the best answer according to the text.
1. Why did many people get puzzled and disturbed ( )
A. Because they didn’t speak of birds again.
B. Because the feeding stations were destroyed.
C. Because most birds were gone.
D. Because birds’ voices were unusual.
C
2. What can we learn about Rachel Carson ( )
A. She was born in 1962.
B. She was a writer by profession.
C. She thought pesticides were harmful.
D. She used too many pesticides daily.
C
3. What caused a great increase in the awareness of protecting the environment ( )
A. Carson’s research. B. The fire-ant program.
C. The green movement. D. Some gypsy moths.
A
4. Who supported Carson’s research ( )
A. Most writers. B. Most scientists.
C. Most critics. D. Most officials.
B
背景导学
本栏目的活动主题是描写自然。对于有关自然类的书来说, 应该通过调查研究、长时间仔细认真地观察才能得出结论, 因此一般为说明文; 也可以是通过某个现象, 得出一些人生的思考, 因而也可能是议论文; 一般是观察到的现象或者根据这些现象所得出的结论或者思考。本环节依据“Listening and Speaking”的交际功能, 使语言的“听、说、读、写”能力进一步得到落实, 是一次训练口头表达能力、培养思辨能力、展现自我的机会。
【教材原文】
There is no month in the whole year in which nature wears a more beautiful appearance than in the month of August. Spring has many beauties, and May is a fresh and blooming month, but the charms of this time of year are enhanced by their contrast with the winter season. August has no such advantage. It comes when we remember nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling
flowers-when the memory of snow, and ice, and bleak winds, has faded from our minds as completely as they have disappeared from the earth-and yet what a pleasant time it is! Orchards and fields sing with the sound of work; trees bend beneath the thick clusters of rich fruit which bow their branches to the ground; and the wheat, piled in graceful sheaves, or waving in every gentle wind that sweeps above it, tinges the landscape with a golden colour. A soft, pleasant light appears to hang over the whole earth;
the influence of the season seems to extend itself even to a passing wagon, whose slow motion across the well-reaped field is seen by the eye, but makes no loud noises upon the ear.
请将范文改写成一篇80词左右的英语说明文。
【审题谋篇】
【词汇储备】
1. 与……相比 ______________
compared to
2. 只有 ______________
nothing but
3. 被……加强 _________________
be enhanced by
4. 与……相比 ________________
contrast with
5. 充满 _____________
be full of
【句型运用】
1. 五月景色美, 但八月是一年中最美的月份。
_____________________________________________________________________________
May has many beauties, but August is the most beautiful month of the year.
2. 春天展现的只有晴朗的天空, 绿色的田野, 香甜的花朵。
__________________________________________________________________________________
Spring shows nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers.
3. 与冬天的雪、冰和刺骨的寒风形成对比, 八月是一个愉快的季节。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
Enhanced by the contrast with snow, ice, and biting winds in winter, August is a pleasant time.
4. 果园和田野里到处都是劳作的声音, 在这个丰收的季节, 丰富的水果和谷物使风景变成一片金色。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Orchards and fields are full of the sound of work, and in such a harvest season, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a golden colour.
5. 一辆没有喧闹声的马车穿过收割好的田野, 使八月显得格外迷人。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A wagon without loud noises seen passing across the well-reaped field makes August extremely charming.
【句式升级】
1. 用非谓语动词升级第一句。
____________________________________________________________________________________
Compared to many beauties in May, August is the most beautiful month of the year.
2. 用感叹句升级第三句。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Enhanced by the contrast with snow, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is!
3. 用强调句升级第五句。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It is a wagon without loud noises seen passing across the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
【串句成文】
将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的英语短文。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Compared to many beauties in May, August is the most beautiful month of the year. Spring shows nothing but clear skies, green fields, and sweet-smelling flowers. However, enhanced by the contrast with snow, ice, and biting winds in winter, what a pleasant time August is! Orchards and fields are full of the sound of work, and in such a harvest season, rich fruits and grains make the landscape a golden colour. Meanwhile, it is a wagon without loud noises seen passing across the well-reaped field that makes August extremely charming.
假定你是李华, 你们学校将举办以“Protect Wild Animals”为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语演讲稿。
1. 野生动物的现状（过度捕猎）;
2. 保护建议（建保护区、提高保护意识等）;
3. 美好愿景。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯;
3. 开头和结尾已经写好, 不计入总词数。
参考词汇：自然保护区nature reserve 意识awareness
Good morning, everyone!
I’m very glad to give a speech today. The topic of my speech is“Protect Wild Animals”._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
高分范文
Good morning, everyone!
I’m very glad to give a speech today. The topic of my speech is “Protect Wild Animals”.
As we all know, animals also play a part in keeping the balance of nature. Unfortunately, they are being over-hunted, and some of them are dying out. So it is urgent to take some measures to protect them. First, we must build nature reserves. Second, we should raise our awareness of environmental protection . To harm animals is to harm ourselves. Therefore，let's take the responsibility to do what we can to protect them.
l hope in the future we can live harmoniously and happily together with animals.
Thank you!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1. dozen n. 一打; 许多
The book also gives dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve. （教材P69）这本书还讲了几十个其他灭除计划的案例, 都未能像预期那样解决问题。
典例翻译
① I’d like three dozen altogether.
__________________
我一共想要3打。
② Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire.
_______________________________
很多人受了伤, 很多车辆起火。
③ He has lived here for two dozen years.
_______________________
他已在这儿住了24年。
④ There were several dozens of people there.
_________________
那里有许多人。
⑤ Eggs are sold by the dozen.
___________________
蛋是按打出售的。
归纳拓展
（1） 按打计算 _______________
by the dozen
（2） 许多的 ____________
dozens of
（3） 几打鸡蛋 ______________________________________________
several dozens of eggs = several dozen eggs
误区警示
（1）与具体数字连用时, 不加复数词尾-s; 若后接名词, 通常也无需用介词of。
（2）若不与具体数字连用, 而是表示不确定的泛指数时, 则不仅要加复数词尾-s, 而且要后接介词of, 然后才能接名词。
（3）当与a few, several, many等数目不很具体的词或词组连用时, 带不带复数词尾-s均可, 但是注意：若不带复数词尾-s, 其后的介词of可以省略; 若带复数词尾-s, 则其后介词of不能省略。
（4）若其后的名词被the, these, those等特指限定词修饰, 或其后接的是us, them 等人称代词时, 则此时必须用介词of。
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① On her birthday, she always receives cards _____ the dozen.
by
② _________ （dozen）of miles of railway track have been torn up.
Dozens
③ If you buy a dozen _____ these tins, we can take 5 percent off the price.
of
（2）完成句子
④为了做到这一点, 我已经搜索了几十个剧本, 找出我认为最能体现短剧的力量和目的的那些。[2020浙江卷]
To do this __________________________________________ to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.
I have searched through dozens of plays
2. precise adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的
The 50 or so pages at the end of the book list Carson’s sources,
showing how thorough and precise she was as a scientist. （教材P69）这本书最后的五十页左右列出了卡森的资料来源, 显示了她作为一名科学家的周密和严谨。
典例翻译
① A lawyer needs a precise mind.
_________________________
律师需要有缜密的思考。
② There were not many-five,to be precise.
___________________________________
数量不多——准确地说, 只有五个。
③ That’s precisely what I meant.
_____________________
那恰恰是我的意思。
④ She gave me clear and precise instructions.
_____________________________
她给了我清晰而明确的指令。
归纳拓展
（1） 准确地说, 确切地说 ________________
明确的指令 _______________________
to be precise
precise instructions
（2）precisely adv. 精确地; 恰好; 细心地
学以致用
单句填空
① The shelf is about a metre long-well,98 cm, ________（be）precise.
to be
② The problem is due to discipline, or, more ____________（precise）, the lack of discipline, in schools.
precisely
③ Not only can a cell’s motions be ____________controlled with the device, but it can also provide very __________measurements of a cell’s position. （precise）
precisely
precise
3. ban vt. 禁止, 取缔 n. 禁令
Its impact was immediate and far-reaching: the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency （A）was established in the US. （教材P69）它的效果立竿见影, 并且影响深远：DDT被禁用, 环境保护署也在美国成立。
典例翻译
① Britain’s health experts are pushing for a ban on/against all cigarette advertising.
___________________________________________________
英国的健康专家正努力争取取缔任何形式的香烟广告。
② Smoking is now banned in many places of work.
_____________________________
现在许多工作场所禁止吸烟。
③ In such a special stage, the law places/puts such behavior under a ban.
___________________________________________
在这样一个特殊的阶段, 法律禁止这种行为。
归纳拓展
（1） ban（doing） sth. _________________
ban sb. from （doing）sth. _____________________
禁止（做）某事
禁止（某人）做某事
（2） 对……的禁令 ___________________
place/put…under a ban 禁止
“禁止某人做某事”的其他表达还有：
prohibit sb. from doing sth.
forbid sb. from doing sth.
forbid sb. to do sth.
a ban on/against
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Chemical weapons _____________ （ban）internationally.
are banned
② They are banned from ___________ （swim）in the river.
swimming
③ There is a ban _____________smoking in all indoor public places.
on/against
④ The new rule has placed smoking ________ a ban.
under
（2） 单句写作
⑤老师严禁他在课上讲话。
___________________________________________________________
The teacher banned/prohibited him from talking in class.
4. launch n.& vt. 推出, 发起; 使（船）下水; 发动; 发射
Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. （教材P69）《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。
典例翻译
① The launch of their new machines in this factory received much media coverage.
_____________________________________
这个工厂投产的新机器广获传媒报道。
② Are you at the launch of the new ship
_______________________
新船下水时你在场吗？
③ He launched into a lengthy account of his career.
_______________________________________
他开始啰啰唆唆地讲述自己的工作经历。
④ It’s time I launched out on my own.
___________________________
该是我自己创业的时候了。
归纳拓展
（1） （火箭）发射; （船）下水; （新产品）投产 ________________
the launch of
（2） （热情地）开始做; 投入 ______________
launch into
（3） 开始从事, 投身于（新的事业） _____________
launch out
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① She launched_______an explanation of how the machine worked.
into
② She’s decided she has enough experience to launch ______on her own.
out
③ She is signing copies of her book at ______ official launch.
the
（2） 单句写作
④我昨天看了火箭发射。
____________________________________________
I saw the launch of the rocket yesterday.
5. aim to do sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
By imagining a world without birds, she aimed to alert not only the scientific community but also the general public…（教材P68）通过想象一个没有鸟儿的世界, 她旨在不仅警告科学界, 而且提醒公众……
典例翻译
① His music is commercial. It is aimed at the masses.
___________________________________________
他的音乐走商业化路线, 针对的是一般大众。
② I aim to learn ten new words by heart every day.
___________________________
我力争每天记十个新单词。
③ Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims.
_______________________________
要达到这些目标需要协同合作。
④ All the social media took aim at the popular star.
___________________________________________
所有的社交媒体都把矛头指向这位当红明星。
归纳拓展
（1） aim v. 以……为目标; 瞄准; 对准
目的在于, 针对 ______________
aim at doing sth. 目的在于做某事; 打算做某事
aim at（用枪等）对准; 目的在于; 针对
be aimed at
（2） aim n. 目标, 目的
实现某人的目标, 达到某人的目的 _____________________
把目标对准某人/某物; 把批评的矛头指向某人/某物 _______________________________
with the aim of 意在……
achieve one’s aim
take aim at sb./sth.
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① This activity is aimed at ____________ （improve） the students’ ability to listen and speak.
improving
② I don’t know _____ whom the Minister’s remarks were aimed, but he ought not to say such things.
at
③ His brother aims ________ （be） a policeman.
to be
（2） 单句写作
④格林先生来访中国的目的是参观长城。（with the aim of）
_________________________________________________________________
Mr. Green visited China with the aim of seeing the Great Wall.
6. cause/do harm to对……造成伤害
She believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and even humans…（教材P68）她认为, 化学工业正在明目张胆地对动植物甚至人类造成伤害……
典例翻译
① These days, breaking traffic rules and littering are not uncommon,causing serious harm to life and the environment.
_____________________________________________________________________________
近来, 违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见, 对生活和环境都造成了极大的危害。
② If you want to solve the problem in this way,there is no harm in calling him.
_____________________________________________________
如果你想以这种方式来处理问题, 你不妨给他打个电话。
③ These are just some jokes. They mean no harm but fun.
_________________________________________________
这些只是玩笑。他们没有恶意, 只是为了好玩而已。
④ Smoking can be harmful to the health of your children.
_____________________________
抽烟会对你孩子的健康有害。
归纳拓展
（1） 无恶意 _______________
mean no harm
（2） 做某事无害处 _________________________________
there is no harm in doing sth.
（3） harmful adj. 有害的; 不利的
对……有害 __________________
be harmful to…
学以致用
（1） 单句填空
① Don’t believe him. No harm ________________ （do） to him ever since.
has been done
② As second-hand smoking is more __________（harm） and dangerous, people want a total ban against smoking in public.
harmful
③ They don’t usually employ untrained workers, but there’s no harm in _________ （try） your fortune.
trying
（2） 一句多译
如果使用不当, 这种药物会对你造成伤害。
④ ______________________________________________________________ （harm n.）
If used improperly, the medicine will do/cause harm to you.
⑤ ___________________________________________________________
（harmful）
If used improperly, the medicine will be harmful to you.
more…than…与其说……倒不如说……
Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific. （教材P69）一些人还说, 她的作品过于情感化, 科学性并不强。
典例翻译
① The book seems to be more a dictionary than one on grammar.
_____________________________________________
与其说这是一本语法书, 倒不如说是一本词典。
② It is more a lyric than a folk story.
___________________________________________
与其说这是个民间故事, 不如说是首抒情诗。
③ As we all know, actions are more powerful than words.
_________________________________
众所周知, 行动比语言更有力度。
④ More than one person has been concerned in this affair.
_________________________
不止一个人卷入了此事。
归纳拓展
（1） 与……一样不 __________________
不如; 不及 ___________________
no more…than…
not more…than…
（2） 比……更 __________________________
________________ +单数名词, 意为“不止一个……”, 在语意上虽为复数, 但作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
more+形容词/副词+than…
more than one
（3）+
学以致用
完成句子
① 这本书不如那本书难。
This book is __________________________ that one.
not more difficult than
② 他和我都不会读西班牙语。
He’s ____________________________________ I am.
no more able to read Spanish than
③ 他不仅仅是位作家, 还是一名教授。
He is ____________ a writer; he is also a professor.
more than
④ 她在这部电影中与其说是演员, 不如说是制片人。而且她必须比别人做得更多, 这让她很累。
She is __________________________________ in this film. And she had to do more than others, which makes her __________________ .
more a producer than an actress
more than tired
Ⅰ. 语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. The government has _________ （禁止） the use of chemical weapons.
banned
2. Looking at my __________ （困惑的） appearance, he with a bit of embarrassment explained.
puzzled
3. A volcano near Pompeii, Italy, erupted. The earth began to __________ （颤抖） and a cloud came down the mountain.
tremble
4. I must ________ （提醒） him to the need to solve the problem.
alert
thorough
5. His ___________ （缜密的） knowledge and competence were recognized.
6. We have got good media coverage for the _________ （推出） of the new model.
launch
7. Deep down there in the depth of the soil, the great heart ___________ （生机勃勃） once more.
throbbed
knowingly
8. She was accused of ____________ （故意地） making a false statement to the police.
precise
9. At the __________ （精确的） moment when I put my foot on the step, the bus started.
10. Scarlet felt that it gave her the final finishing touch of ___________ （优美）.
elegance
Ⅱ. 语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
urge…to, speak of, scores of, in particular, cause harm to,
carry out, be aware of, stand by, alert…to, be considered as
1. The president told the reporter that he wanted to ___________ his earlier statements.
stand by
2. He ________ her _____ come and stay with us just now.
urged
to
3. He ___________ the French and their habit of standing in a queue in the lecture yesterday.
spoke of
4. People around the world should ______________ the real situation of water shortages.
be aware of
5. There are ____________ modern art styles, so which do you like best
scores of
in particular
6. Parents and teachers should ________________ act as better examples to children.
7. Drinking too much will ________________ your health, so you’d better stop drinking.
cause harm to
8. He wanted to ________ people _____ the activities of the group.
alert
to
9. Even today, Lincoln _____ still ________________ one of the most inspiring figures in the world.
is
considered as
10. I would like to see the project ______________.
carried out
Ⅲ. 课文语法填空
Silent Spring
Silent Spring by Rachel Carson was published in 1962. Carson wrote the book 1.___________（aim） to alert people to the damaging effects of human activities 2._______natural ecosystems. And she wished to see pesticides 3.________（use） in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way. The book contains a lot of scientific information, research, examples and so on,
aiming
on
used
4._________shows how precise she was as a scientist. The arguments were strong and the language was 5.___________（elegance） and influential. However, the book was not received positively by everyone. It quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry, who said that Carson’s research was not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television 6.______________（defend） her claims.
Carson’s message was 7.______________ （alarm） and its influence
to defend
alarming
which
elegant
was immediate and far-reaching. The use of DDT 8.______________（ban） and the A was established in the US. The book was considered as 9.______ milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. Carson earned a Presidential Medal of Freedom after she passed away.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s 10.______________ （aware） of protecting natural ecosystems.
a
awareness
was banned
Ⅰ.单句填空
1. Movement is absolute while ____________ （still） is relative.
stillness
2. People can act ____________ （violent） if they feel threatened.
violently
3. Other cultures may use __________ （silent） in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts between people.
silence
4. We all know that Yuan Longping is famous for his _____________ （science） achievements.
scientific
naturally
5. It is often said that human beings are ____________ （natural） equipped to speak.
6. When I was young, I didn’t know much about the __________ （harm） effects of smoking.
harmful
carefully
7. I recommend him to think very ____________ （careful） before he does anything foolish.
8. This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking __________ （puzzle）.
puzzled
9. UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise ____________ （aware） of jazz music.
awareness
positively
10. Very few of those interviewed spoke _____________ （positive） about their childhood.
Ⅱ. 同义替换
rather than, launch into, on the alert, puzzled about, be banned from, cause harm to, be aimed at, in particular
1. After the accident, he was stopped from driving. __________________
was banned from
2. Its color can alter regularly in a day, and it makes people confused about it. ________________
puzzled about
3. Knowing that threatening danger, they were ready to fight. _______________
on the alert
4. It takes courage to get down to a new business in these difficult times. ______________
launch into
is aimed at
5. The programme is intended for teenage audience.______________
6. She loves the song especially, because her mother used to sing it. ________________
in particular
7. You’d better give up smoking; it has a bad effect on your health. _________________
causes harm to
8. It was the culture, instead of the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. ______________
rather than
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. 十分之九的受访女性表示喜欢这款产品。
Nine out of ten women ________________________________ said they liked it.
interviewed about the product
2. 与其说他死了, 倒不如说他看上去睡着了。
He looks ________________________ .
more asleep than dead
3. 他开会迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。
The reason why he was late for the meeting was _______________________________ .
that he missed the early bus
4. 目前, 并不是每个人都支持他的计划。
_______________ is in favor of his plan at present.
Not everyone
5. 除非你能睡个好觉, 否则一两个晚上之后, 你就会失去集中注意力、制订计划和保持动力的能力。
____________________________ , you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.
Unless you can sleep well
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
[2021河北安平中学高二月考]
The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. Besides “Shanzhai” electronic products, there are “Shanzhai” movies, “Shanzhai” stars and even a “Shanzhai” Spring Festival Gala,
a copy of the traditional show presented by CCTV on Chinese Lunar New Year’s Eve.
“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. “Shanzhai” versions of “Bird’s Nest” and “Water Cube” woven by farmers with bamboo attract wide attention from tourists. Both are copies of the famous Olympic buildings in Beijing.
A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example,
when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience, the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. “Although it is often connected with poor techniques and operation, ‘Shanzhai’ culture meets the psychological needs of common people and could be a comfort to their minds,” he said.
To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. People believe different kinds of cultures’ developing together is a perfect way and it is for the public to choose.
1. The Chinese word “Shanzhai” may have started with .( )
A. fake （假的） cell-phones B. electronic products
C. the Spring Festival Gala D. Olympic buildings
A
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了“山寨”文化的产生及其影响。对于大众来说, 它具有一定的吸引力; 对于主流文化来说, 它具有一定的挑战性。
【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第一段第一句The Chinese word “Shanzhai” means a small mountain village, but now it
becomes an accepted name for fakes, after “Shanzhai Cell-phones” produced by small workshops in southern China became popular in the mainland market over the past years. 可知,“山寨”最初的意思是指手机假货。
故选A项。
2. According to the passage, “Shanzhai” culture means .( )
A. the action that a person imitates famous people
B. products with poor techniques and quality
C. anything that is a copy of something famous
D. those similar names to famous brands
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段第一句“Shanzhai” has become a culture of its own, meaning anything that imitates something famous. （“山寨”已经成为一种独特的文化, 是指任何模仿著名事物的东西。）可知,“山寨”文化是指出名的东西的复制品。故选C项。
3. We can infer that the mainstream culture .( )
A. is held back by “Shanzhai” culture
B. is the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture
C. will be replaced by “Shanzhai” culture
D. may develop faster because of the challenge of “Shanzhai” culture
D
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据最后一段第一句To the mainstream culture, the rise of “Shanzhai” culture is a challenge and motivation. （对于主流文化来说,“山寨”文化的兴起是一种挑战和动力。）可知,“山寨”文化对于主流文化来说, 有可能会使其受到刺激并发展。故选D项。
深度解析
词汇积累
traditional adj. 传统的; 惯例的 of one’s own属于某人自己的 imitate vt. 模仿, 仿效 timely adv. 及时be connected with 与……有关 comfort n. 令人感到安慰的人（或事物）
长难句分析
A literature critic said that taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example, when the traditional CCTV program becomes less and less attractive to the audience,
the “Shanzhai” version appears timely to attract people. 一位文学评论家说, 以“山寨”春晚为例, 当传统的央视节目对观众的吸引力变得越来越小时,“山寨”版本及时出现来吸引人们。
分析：本句为主从复合句。谓语动词said后面是that引导的宾语从句, 其中, 现在分词短语taking the “Shanzhai” Gala as an example在从句中作状语, when引导时间状语从句。
Ⅱ. 七选五
[2020四川绵阳高二月考] Many people are stuck in a life they don’t want, and are held in places by everything from financial restrictions to social pressures. If you are looking to pursue your dreams, it can be discouraging to change everything at once. 1._______
Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. Be honest with yourself about what you want, no matter how impossible it seems and ignore what you “should” do based on the views of your friends,
G
family or society. 2._______ Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. Look at the themes of your list to get an idea of what your dream life will look like.
3._______Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. List the steps you will need to take to get to each goal, and get down to the little details.
C
F
Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result. 4._______
Figure out how you can work your second two goals into your life. 5._______ If your big dream is to quit your job and travel around the world, start a savings account that is dedicated to travel money and set aside a small amount each week for three years.
D
E
Plan your steps according to the time you set and they will be doable and fit smoothly into your life.
A.Seek support from your friends and family.
B.You will need to have courage to make changes.
C.Identify the top three things that will get you closer to your dream life.
D.When you achieve the goal, find a way to continue integrating it into your life.
E.Choose a deadline for each goal, whether it is one year down the road or five.
F.List the things you want to accomplish in your life, both personal and professional.
G.Instead, making small, gradual changes to prepare the way to dreams makes the process easier.
G
1. ____
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。许多人被困在他们不想要的生活中, 被经济限制、社会压力等一切所束缚。文章主要就如何实现梦想提出了一些建议。
【解题思路】上文提到, 如果你想追求你的梦想, 一下子改变一切会让你泄气。那么本句应当是建议从小的改变做起会比较容易。故选项G“相反, 做一些小的、渐进的改变, 为梦想的道路做准备, 会使这个过程更容易”符合上下文语境, 故选G项。
2. ____
F
[解析] 【解题思路】根据本段第一句Write down your goals to get them out of your head and into reality. 以及下文Don’t leave anything out, no matter how small or silly it sounds. 可知, 本句应当是在说明列出生活中想要完成的事情, 不要遗漏。故选项F“列出你在生活中想要完成的事情, 包括个人的和专业的”符合上下文语境, 故选F项。
3. ____
C
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文Choose one that is relatively easy to accomplish, one that is doable but will require work and one that seems impossible based on your current circumstances and lifestyle. 可知, 选择一个相对容易完成的, 一个可行但需要努力的, 一个基于你目前的情况和生活方式似乎不可能的。由此可知, 本句应当是在说明找出更能让你接近梦想生活的前三件事。故选C项。
4. ____
D
[解析] 【解题思路】根据上文Start with your smallest goal and work through the steps until you achieve it. Each time you complete one of the steps, cross it off so you can celebrate the process in addition to the end result. 可知, 从最小的目标开始, 循序渐进直到你实现它。每完成一个步骤, 把它划掉, 这样除结果外, 你还可以庆祝这个过程。由此可知, 本句承接上文说明, 实现了目标之后应该想办法把目标融入生活。故选D项。
5. ____
E
[解析] 【解题思路】根据下文内容可知, 如果你的梦想是辞职去环游世界, 那就开设一个专门用于旅行的储蓄账户, 每周存一小笔钱, 持续三年。根据你设定的时间计划你的步骤, 它们将是可行的, 并会顺利地融入你的生活。由此可知, 本句是在说明为目标选定一个时间期限。故选项E“为每个目标选定一个最后期限, 无论是今后的一年还是五年”符合上下文语境, 故选E项。
Ⅲ. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last Saturday, David was taking a walk in the park near his home when he noticed a woman with a boy of about eight years old. When David passed them, he heard the woman yell, “How stupid you are! You’re good at nothing.”David stopped and looked at the little boy. The boy said nothing. He just stood there, looking upset.
David was reminded of his English teacher Mrs Brown in middle school. After he entered middle school, David lacked self-confidence because he was often made fun of by others. He was often told that he was good at nothing, which David believed. But one day it all changed.
One day, in an English writing class, Mrs Brown asked them to read a novel. They were asked to write a new chapter of the novel after they finished reading the book. A few days later, David handed in his story.
He didn’t give it much thought. But the next day to his surprise, the comment “well done” from Mrs Brown came into view the moment he turned to the page where the story was written.
When David read that, he almost burst into tears. He never expected to be praised one day. He suddenly gained some self-confidence.
That day after he returned home, he wrote a short story and gave it to Mrs Brown the next morning. And again he was praised.
David became very interested in writing. He often wrote short stories and asked Mrs Brown to read them and corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected them for him. Mrs Brown always corrected the mistakes he had made and gave him good advice on improving them. One year later, David joined the school newspaper and became an editor of it. He was no longer that boy who lacked self-confidence. He gained his confidence and was hopeful about his future.
He succeeded in entering college and kept writing. Several years after graduating from college, he had his first book published. With some more books coming out, he became famous as a writer in his country. And he owed his success to Mrs Brown’s encouragement. Without her encouragement, his life might be very different now.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.
Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy. He went to the woman, who immediately recognized him because she had read his books and seen his pictures. David started to chat with her. He told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate. Then he told her about the encouragement he once got from Mrs Brown. In the end, he said, “I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The mother was ashamed when she heard that.
She realized that she shouldn’t have called her son stupid, which would make him lose confidence in himself. So she said, “Thank you for your advice. I’ll never say such things to him again. Instead, I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.” The woman then left with the boy. Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved, hoping his action could make some difference to the boy.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[解析] 深度解析
确定故事要素
要素 内容
Who David, Mrs Brown, a boy and his mother
When last Saturday
Where in the park
What David saw a mother scolding her boy for his being good at nothing. David thought back his teacher and realized the importance of encouragement.
提取故事线索
故事线索The Clue David witnessed a boy being scolded-felt pity for the boy-do something
开端 Beginning David saw an angry mother and a silent boy.
发展 Development The mother scolded the boy for his being stupid.
高潮Climax David thought of how his teacher encouraged him to be a good writer.
结局Ending David decided to do something to help the poor boy.
续写情境推理
Para. 1: Inspired by his own life story, David decided to do something for that boy.
1. What did David do He went to the woman, started to chat with her and told her that what she said to her boy was not appropriate.
2. What did David think of what his teacher did then “I couldn’t have become a writer if I had believed I was good at nothing.”
（此处使用虚拟语气体现David的感恩。）
Para. 2: The mother was ashamed when she heard that.
1. Was the mother in favor of his advice “Thank you for your advice. I’ll never say such things to him again.”（续写故事要有积极向上的价值观, 所以推断David的努力让这对母子得到帮助。）
2. What would the mother do “Instead, I’ll find out what he’s good at and encourage him.”（依据所给材料, 母亲会改变自己的教育方式, 以鼓励为主。）
3. How did he feel then Looking at the back of the boy, David felt relieved, hoping his action could make some difference to the boy. （最后段落要通过心理描写体现生活中的小行为对别人产生的大影响。）(共60张PPT)
Unit 6 Nature in words
Section Ⅳ Expanding your world
Ⅰ. 单词分层默写
1. 单词拼写
① _________ adj. 一周一次的, 每周的
weekly
② ____________ n. 检查员, 巡视员
inspector
③ _________ v. 坚称, 坚决认为
insist
④ __________ n. 刮胡子
shaving
⑤ ___________ n. 开阔的景观, 景色
prospect
⑥ _______ v. 变弯曲
bend
⑦ _________ n. 教堂
church
rhyme
⑧ ________ n. 儿歌, 童谣
innocent
⑨ ___________ adj. 天真无邪的
enhance
⑩ __________ v. 改进; 增强
wheat
. ________ n. 小麦
gentle
. _________ adj. 轻柔的; 温和的
sweep
. ________ v. 吹过, 掠过
ban
. ______ v. 禁止, 取缔
chorus
. _________ n. 合唱曲
thorough
. ___________ adj. 仔细的; 缜密的
precise
. __________ adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的
launch
. _________ n. 推出, 发起
reputation
. _____________ n. 名誉, 名望
elegance
. ___________ n. 优美; 简洁
passionate
. _____________ adj. 具有强烈信念的
diamond
. __________ n. 钻石
2. 拓展单词
① _________adj. 一周一次的, 每周的→ _______n. 星期, 周
weekly
week
② ____________n. 检查员, 巡视员→ __________vt. 检查, 检验; 视察→ _____________n. 检查; 审视; 视察
inspector
inspect
inspection
③ _________v. 坚称, 坚决认为→ _____________n. 坚持→ ____________adj. 坚持的
insist
insistence
insistent
④ __________n. 刮胡子→ ________vt.& vi. 剃（须发）; （尤指）刮脸
shaving
shave
bend
bendy
⑤ _______v. 变弯曲→ ________adj. 易弯曲的, 柔韧的→ __________adj. 弯曲的
bending
innocent
innocently
⑥ ___________adj. 天真无邪的→ _____________adv. 故作无知地; 故作天真地
faintly
faint
⑦ __________adv. 微弱地; 模糊地→ ________adj. 微小的; 不热情的; 虚弱的→ ____________n. 眩晕; 虚弱
faintness
dispose
disposed
⑧ __________v. 排列, 布置→ ___________adj. 倾向于; 有意于
prospect
prospective
⑨ ___________n. 开阔的景观, 景色→ ______________adj. 有望的; 预期的
flatten
flat
⑩ __________vt. 击倒, 摧毁; 使变平→ _______adj. 平坦的; 单调的 n. 平地; 公寓
puzzled
puzzling
. __________adj. 困惑的, 无法理解的→ ___________adj. 令人迷惑不解的→ _________n. 谜; 智力游戏 vt.& vi. 迷惑; 使困惑→ _____________n. 迷惘; 困惑
puzzle
puzzlement
knowingly
know
. ____________adv. 会意地→ _______vt. 知道; 认识; 懂得→ ________adj. 已知的; 知名的
known
thorough
thoroughly
. ___________adj. 仔细的; 缜密的→ _____________adv. 彻底地, 完全地
precise
precisely
. __________adj. 精确的; 一丝不苟的→ ____________adv. 精确地; 恰好地
bravely
bravery
brave
. __________adv. 勇敢地→ __________n. 勇敢→ ________adj. 勇敢的
elegance
elegantly
. ___________n. 优美; 简洁→ ____________adv. 优美地→ __________adj. 优美的, 优雅的
elegant
passionate
passionately
. _____________adj. 具有强烈信念的→ _______________adv. 热情地; 强烈地; 激昂地→ __________n. 激情
passion
secrecy
secret
. __________n. 保密; 秘密状态→ _________adj. 秘密的, 保密的n. 秘密→ ___________adv. 秘密地; 背地里
secretly
quietness
quiet
. ____________n. 平静, 安静→ ________adj. 安静的; 安定的→ __________adv. 安静地; 秘密地
quietly
transform
transformation
. ____________vt. 改变, 使……变形; 转换→ _________________n. 转变; 改革; 改观
Ⅱ. 短语搭配翻译
1. _____________ 舞毒蛾
gypsy moth
2. ____________ 数十个; 许多
dozens of
3. _____________ 被看作是
be seen as
4. ______________ 只有
nothing but
5. ____________ 笼罩
hang over
6. _________ 增加
add to
7. _____________________ 用……替代……
replace... with...
8. ____________________ 依某人看
in one’s opinion
9. _______________ 总是; 一直
all the time
be irrelevant to
10. ___________________ 与……无关
filter into
11. ______________ 渗入
as well as
12. _____________ 也; 除……之外还; 不但……而且……
be regarded as
13. _________________ 被视为
aim to
14. _________ 力求达到; 力争做到
in the launch of
15. ___________________ 在推出
look forward to
16. __________________ 期待; 盼望
make sb. aware of
17. ____________________ 使某人意识到……
stop... from doing...
18. ________________________ 阻止……做……
speak of
19. ___________ 谈及; 说到
Ⅲ. 教材原句翻译
1. 如今, 他因他的戏剧《罪恶之家》而非常出名。
____________________________________________________________
Today, he is most famous for his play An Inspector Calls.
2. 在阳光的普照之下, 屋外的李子树的树干和枝丫被微微发亮的积雪精致巧妙地装点着。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The little plum tree outside, with the faintly flushed snow lining its branches and artfully disposed along its trunk, stood in full sunlight.
3. 我从书房看向窗外, 越过花园、田野, 再望向远处低矮的小山, 沿着不断向前延伸的地面望去, 天空成了厚重的灰色, 所有的树木都显出一副黑梭梭和凶神恶煞的样子。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I looked out of my study window, over the garden, the field, to the low hills beyond, and the ground went on and on, the sky was thick grey, and all the trees so many black and threatening shapes.
4. 就好像我们这个靠近英格兰中心位置的亲切小乡村变成了使人痛苦的草原。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was as if our kindly countryside, close to the very heart of England, had been turned into a cruel grassland.
5. 他们之所以这样做, 是因为他们认为这些词与儿童无关, 所以他们用诸如“film”的术语来代替它们。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The reason why they are doing this is that they think these words are irrelevant to children, so instead they’ve replaced them with terms like “film”.
6. 为数不多的几只鸟也奄奄一息; 它们浑身激烈打颤, 无法飞翔。
______________________________________________________________________________________________
The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly.
7. 卡森敦促人们认清事实, 并且为此做出努力。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
8. 《寂静的春天》因此被视为西方世界发起绿色运动的里程碑。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world.
Ⅳ. 书面表达
结合本单元主题, 使用本单元词汇与句型写一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的英语短文。
1. 上周末我进行了一次自然生态之旅。但是, 我们中的一些人在观光时随意摘花。（prospect）
2. 有些人甚至试图捕捉正在欢快地进行合唱的鸟儿。（while doing 作状语）
3. 更糟糕的是, 许多游客随意丢垃圾, 这可能会对那里的野生生物造成危害。（cause harm to）
4. 我们应该知道如何恰当地表达我们对自然的爱。（how to do）
5. 每个人都应该增强保护自然的意识, 与自然和谐相处。（enhance; in harmony with）
One possible version:
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Last weekend I went on a natural eco-travel. All the way we enjoyed the charming prospect. But a few of us picked flowers casually while going sightseeing. Some even tried to catch the birds that were having a chorus happily. What’s worse, many tourists dropped litter casually, which may cause harm to the wildlife there.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In my mind, we should know how to express our love for nature appropriately. Everyone should enhance the awareness of protecting nature to be in harmony with nature.
Ⅰ. 语境填词
1. She asked him to contribute a _________（每周的） article on European affairs.
weekly
2. Thus, last year, Papa ___________（坚决要求） that we learn at least one new thing each day.
insisted
3. He made many efforts to __________（增强） his reputation.
enhance
trembles
5. Brave man as he is, he ___________（发抖） at the sight of snakes.
4. The police carried out a ___________（彻底的） investigation.
thorough
Ⅱ. 同义替换
glare at, be bent on, fade away, speak of, get rid of
1. The mistakes in this report really stare angrily at you. ___________
glare at
2. Jim seems to have a thirst for becoming a musician. _____________
be bent on
3. Many accidents have resulted from carelessness, and that’s why we must remove the bad habit of making calls while driving. _____________
get rid of
faded away
4. The old man became ill and slowly became weaker. _____________
5. When we talk about Christmas, we tend to think of decorations, shiny lights, snow, presents, and Christmas trees. ___________
speak of
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. 与其说他像个救生员, 倒不如说他像个影星。
________________________________________________
He is more like a film star than a lifeguard.
2. 我更喜欢住在乡下的一个原因是那儿没有空气污染和交通堵塞。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
One reason for my preference for living in the countryside is that it has no air pollution or traffic jams.
3. 金先生工作单位的老板到医院来探视。
_____________________________________________________________________________
The boss of the unit where Mr King worked called at the hospital.
4. 他明确表态说, 他支持我们。
____________________________________________
He made it clear that he stood behind us.
5. 当我们来到宴会时, Dick不知何故已先行离开。
__________________________________________________________________________
By the time we arrived at the party, Dick had left alone for no reason.
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
[2020江西高二期末]
Do you sometimes find yourself drawing random patterns（图案）during meetings and lectures Some people believe it shows that you aren’t listening or paying attention. However, there are studies which claim the opposite, and that doodling might actually be beneficial.
Doodling seems to be popular. In the past, it was seen as a mindless activity and a product of the absent-minded. However, in 2016, an article on the Harvard University website discussed the idea that random drawing may assist memory retention（保持）and concentration.
The article stresses that 26 of 44 American presidents were known to doodle, with Ronald Reagan famous for drawing cowboys. A 2009 study conducted by psychologist Jackie Andrade asked 40 people to listen to a “dull and boring” voice message.
Half of the group were asked to doodle and shade in a picture. Those who did were able to recall 29% more of the information contained in the message.
Some experts believe that willingly accepting your creative and artistic sides during meetings may engage your mind. Jesse Prinz, a famous professor of philosophy, actively encourages his students to doodle. He believes that doodling is the “attentional sweet spot”.
And it might not just be good for your concentration. An artist known as Mr Doodle has made a career out of his scribbles（乱涂乱画）. He sells his art online and also goes to people’s homes to decorate their walls.
It seems that random drawing to aid concentration might be becoming more of a thing. People like Sunni Brown, an advocate for doodling, teach adults how to sketch and scribble in the workplace. So, the next time you see someone randomly drawing pictures during a meeting, it might be a sign that they are listening more than you think.
1. Which phrase has the same meaning as “doodling” ( )
A. A product of the absent-minded.
B. Random drawing.
C. Scribbles in the workplace.
D. Drawing on the walls.
B
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了在会议或讲座中涂鸦实际上可能是有益的。
【命题立意】词义猜测题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“Do you sometimes find yourself drawing random patterns （图案）during meetings and lectures ”可知,“Random drawing”和“doodling”有相同的含义。故选B项。
2. The author refers to Ronald Reagan in order to ____.
A. inform readers of Reagan’s ability
B. provide some background information
C. introduce a new topic of further discussion
D. give an example of the advantages of doodling
D
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中的“However, in 2016, an article on the Harvard University website discussed the idea that random drawing may assist memory retention
（保持）and concentration.”以及第三段中的“The article stresses that 26 of 44 American presidents were known to doodle, with Ronald Reagan famous for drawing cowboys.”可知, 文中提到罗纳德·里根是为了举例说明涂鸦的好处。故选D项。
3. Why does Jesse Prinz think that doodling is the “attentional sweet spot”？( )
A. He thinks that it draws more attention.
B. He thinks that it promises a good career.
C. He believes that it helps to engage the mind.
D. He believes that it can bring economic benefits.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第四段中的“Some experts believe that willingly accepting your creative and artistic sides during meetings may engage your mind.
（一些专家认为, 在会议中欣然接受你创造性和艺术性的一面可能会调动你的思维。）”可知, Jesse Prinz认为涂鸦是“注意力的最佳点”, 是因为涂鸦有助于调动思维。故选C项。
4. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage ( )
A. To state the benefits that you can get from random drawing.
B. To provide guidance on leading a random drawing life.
C. To stress the need of distraction at work and in our life.
D. To suggest a way of pursuing concentration in our lifelong career.
A
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第一段中的“However, there are studies which claim the opposite,
and that doodling might actually be beneficial. （然而, 有研究得出相反的结论, 涂鸦实际上可能是有益的。）”以及下文介绍涂鸦的好处可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是陈述涂鸦给我们带来的好处。故选A项。
深度解析
词汇积累
random adj. 随机的; 任意的 assist v. 帮助 be good for 有益于; 对……有好处 more of 更多的
B
[2020河北邢台月考]
Joy Mangano was 33 and divorced. She had three kids under age 7, and was barely keeping up payments on her small two-bedroom home by working extra hours as a waitress. “There were times when I would lie in bed and think, I don’t know how I’m going to pay that bill,” Mangano says.
But she had a special ability to see the obvious thing. She knew how hard it was to mop the floor. “I was tired of bending down,
putting my hands in dirty water, wringing （拧） out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, there’s gotta be a better way.”
How about a “self-wringing” mop She designed a special tool you could twist in two directions at once, and still keep your hands clean and dry. She set out to sell it, first a few at flea markets.
Then Mangano met with the media. But would couch potatoes （电视迷）buy a mop The experts on shopping TV were less than certain.
They gave it a try, and it failed. Mangano was sure it would sell if they’d let her do the on-camera display. She said, “Get me on that stage, and I will sell this mop because it’s a great item.”
So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. “I got onstage and the phones went crazy. We sold every mop in minutes.”
Today she’s the president of Ingenious Designs, a multimillion-dollar company, and one of the stars of HSN, the Home Shopping Network.
Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is for a parent to talk about his or her child.”
5. What is the first paragraph mainly about ( )
A. Mangano’s small home.
B. Mangano’s work experience.
C. Mangano’s unhappy marriage.
D. Mangano’s hard living conditions.
D
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Joy Mangano这位单亲妈妈虽然生活很艰辛, 但她凭借着自己的聪明和努力, 发明了备受欢迎的自动拧干拖布。如今她已是一家拥有数百万美元资产的公司的总裁。
【命题立意】主旨大意题。【解题思路】根据第一段内容可知, Joy Mangano那时33岁, 离异。她有3个不满七岁的孩子, 靠加班当女服务生工作勉强维持两居室的小房子。因此第一段讲述的是Mangano艰苦的生活状况。故选D。
6. Mangano sold the mop successfully with the help of ____.
A. HSN B. QVC
C. couch potatoes D. experts on shopping TV
B
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据倒数第二段中So QVC, a multinational corporation specializing in televised home shopping, took a chance on her. 可以判断出在QVC的帮助下, 她成功地卖出了拖把。故选B。
7. What does Mangano think of her invention ( )
A. Special. B. Normal.
C. Dissatisfied. D. Unbelievable.
B
[解析] 【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据最后一段最后一句Talking about the household invention, Mangano says, “It is as natural for me as it is for a parent to talk about his or her child.”可知, 谈论到家居用品的发明, 她说：“就像一个家长在谈论他或她的孩子, 这对于我来说很自然。”所以她认为她的发明很正常。故选B。
8. What can we learn from the text ( )
A. HSN is a business organization that sells goods on the Internet.
B. The experts on shopping TV were confident about Mangano’s mop.
C. Mangano got the idea of the self-wringing mop from her own experience.
D. Mangano once had to work seven days a week to support her family.
C
[解析] 【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第二段中“I was tired of bending down, putting my hands in dirty water, wringing （拧） out a mop,” Mangano says. “So, there’s gotta be a better way.”可知, Mangano从自己的经验中得到了自拧水拖把的想法。故选C。
深度解析
长难句分析
Mangano was sure it would sell if they’d let her do the on-camera display. Mangano 确信, 如果他们让她在镜头前展示, 它会卖得很好。
分析：本句是主从复合句。was sure后面为宾语从句, 宾语从句中包含if引导的条件状语从句。
Ⅱ. 语法填空
[2020陕西汉中高二月考] Since 1949 when the People’s Republic of China 1._____________________（establish）, and especially since 1978, China’s transformation from a traditional 2.__________________（agriculture）society to a modern industrial society has been greatly accelerated by a rapid industrial restructuring. China’s industrial structure developed according to the objective of industrialization, 3.___________aimed at the proportion（比例）of agriculture declining ceaselessly,
was established
agricultural
which
and the proportion of the industrial and service sector increasing continually. 4._______________（current）, the industrial goods produced in China all range from capital goods to consumption goods.
China’s factory outputs extend from textiles （纺织业） to railway, planes and computers. China is the largest producer of inexpensive cotton textiles in the world and exports large 5.________________（quantity） of textiles and clothes.
Currently
quantities
Food processing is very important, and much produce is exported. Other industrial products 6._______________（include）television sets, bicycles, cars, trucks and washing machines are expanding in the world.
China has become 7.________ industrialized country to some extent. The auto and the housing industry, in the process of industrialization, have developed by leaps and bounds.
including
an
The most important export products are machinery and electric equipment, 8._______________the most important import products are raw materials. In recent years, China’s industry 9.________________________（compete） internationally, and as a result, the 10._________________ （develop） of the country’s industry is increasingly influenced by international economic environments.
has been competing
development
while/and
1. __________________
was established
[解析] [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。自1949年, 特别是自1978年以来, 中国从传统农业社会向现代工业社会转型, 在产业结构调整的快速推进下, 取得了长足的进步。
考查时态和语态。根据Since 1949可知应用一般过去时, the People’s Republic of China与establish构成被动关系, 故填一般过去时的被动语态was established。
2. _______________
agricultural
[解析] 考查形容词。society为名词, 需要形容词修饰, 故填agricultural。
3. ________
which
[解析] 考查定语从句关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词the objective of industrialization, 且关系词在从句中作主语, 指物, 故用关系代词which。
4. ____________
Currently
[解析] 考查副词。修饰整个句子应用副词, 故填Currently。
5. _____________
quantities
[解析] 考查名词的数。短语large quantities of表示“大量……”, 故填quantities。
6. ____________
including
[解析] 考查介词。including为介词, 表示“包括; 包含”, 故填including。
7. _____
an
[解析] 考查冠词。country为可数名词, 此处泛指“一个国家”, 且industrialized为元音音素开头的单词, 故应填an。
8. ____________
while/and
[解析] 考查连词。表示前后对比应用while; 表示承接关系用连词and。故填while/and。
9. _____________________
has been competing
[解析] 考查动词的时态。根据上文In recent years及上下文语境可知, 此处表示过去发生的动作从过去一直持续到现在, 不曾间断, 用现在完成进行时, 主语为单数, 故填has been competing。
10. ______________
development
[解析] 考查名词。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词形式, 故填development。
Ⅲ. 应用文写作
假定你是李华, 你的家乡将庆祝首个“中国农民丰收节（the Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival）”, 请你用英语写封邮件, 邀请你的新西兰朋友Eric来参加, 内容包括:
1. 时间和地点;
2. 活动内容（民俗文化表演、美食品尝及观光活动等）。
注意:
词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高分范文Dear Eric,How is everything going I am writing to invite you to participate in the celebration of the first Chinese Farmers’ Harvest Festival in my hometown. It will be held in the square from September 22 to September 24. It is expected to last from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m.The local government will host various activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, tasty food tasting and sightseeing. If it is convenient for you,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
you are welcome to visit my hometown. You can have a better understanding of Chinese culture through the activities. I believe that you will spend an unforgettable time during the festival.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua(共6张PPT)
Unit 6 Nature in words
背景导学
Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel and punish us.
The outbreak of COVID-19 is an example. Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization, said, “This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale （规模）, human population density （密度）, wildlife diversity, and land use changes are what drive new pandemics （流行病）.”
In ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they treated it with awe （敬畏）. For example, American Indians believed that humans were a part of nature and nature was a part of humans. Chinese ancient people always tried to keep the harmony between nature and human beings.
However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings and capture wild and rare animals to suit their own needs.
In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it off balance.
Although we don’t know for sure what first caused the COVID-19 outbreak, it’s time for people to reflect on our relationship with our planet and reconnect to this world and everything that we’ve been given. After all, nature is not the place to visit. It’s our home.
1. What lesson should human beings learn from the COVID-19 outbreak ( )
A. Humans should live peacefully with nature.
B. Many wild animals are in danger.
C. We should stop the wildlife trade around the world.
D. It’s impossible to prevent new pandemics globally.
A
2. What is the author’s purpose in writing this article
( )
A. To reflect on the COVID-19 outbreak.
B. To explain what led to the COVID-19 outbreak.
C. To describe experts’ predictions on new pandemics.
D. To compare ancient and modern attitudes towards nature.
A

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