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河北省张家口市宣化第一中学2022届高三上学期10月月考英语试卷
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
Dive with Big Sharks Our shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages.A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below.Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.
Is Shark Diving Dangerous？
Yes.You could get sunburnt.You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed.You could fall overboard.As for a shark attack,according to the International Shark Attack File,you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.
Pricing & Details
One day Cage Diver Adventure ﹩ 875
Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary.There,we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.
No dive experience is necessary.Our cages sit just below the surface.You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage,taking photos and having fun.
Top Shark Adventure ﹩ 375
If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away,we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck（甲板）.Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for sharks attacking their prey（猎物）.
Important Note
There's No Shark Guarantee
Although we go to the best places at the best time of year,we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks.We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year.However,if we see no sharks,there is no refund（退款）.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the two adventures？ ______
A. Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.
B. Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.
C. Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.
D. Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.
2. We can learn from the advertisement that there might be a risk that ______ .
A. you fail to achieve your purpose of the trip
B. you are out of breath deep down in the sea
C. you are hurt by a shark while diving there
D. you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving
3. It can be inferred from the advertisement that shark diving is ______ .
A. difficult but exciting B. challenging and tiring
C. amazing and enjoyable D. expensive but popular
B
The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning,but is running on the sand good for your body？It can be,but it's important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.
Running on the beach can be a good thing.It's certainly different from running on a track or a pavement.For starters,sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven（不平坦的）surface.As you push off,you're going to lose some of your push as the sand moves.So,you're not going to be able to push yourself forward as you would on a track or a pavement.But this unevenness has an upside：It gives your body an extra workout,forcing you to exercise muscles that don't get as much use during runs on firm surfaces.For example,your feet,ankles and lower back might feel sorer and more tired than usual after a beach run just because the surface is constantly moving and changing step to step.
You also might feel sore afterward because beaches tend to slope（倾斜）down to the water.If you're going for a long run on the beach,you might notice that one side of your body might feel sorer because you're putting more pressure on it due to the slope.
Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot--- not wearing anything on feet.However,if you're not used to barefoot running,start slowly and don't run long distances at first.That's because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does,and it's important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet.If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it,go for it!
Running on the sand can be a smart choice for you,because running on softer ground surfaces can reduce muscle damage.
4. Why is it difficult to run on the beach for starters？ ______
A. The soft surface makes people fall over easily.
B. It's hard to keep one's balance on its hard surface.
C. People need to run carefully on its smooth surface.
D. Running on its uneven surface takes much effort.
5. Which of the following best explains "upside" underlined in Paragraph 2？ ______
A. Challenge. B. Advantage. C. Reason. D. Character.
6. What's the author's attitude to barefoot running？ ______
A. Positive. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Uncaring.
7. The passage can probably be found in ______ .
A. a primary school textbook B. a sports magazine
C. a tourist guide D. a scientific report
C
The Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped ﹩200.Last September the couple moved into a 1，500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens,an area of 95 "zero-energy homes" （ZEH）just outside town.Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills.The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house：﹩75.For the past two months,they haven't paid a cent.
ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume.Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions（住宅开发项目） in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%，mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.
Aside from the panels on the roof,Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes.But inside,special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.
The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units.They don't just feed the home they serve.If they generate more power than the home is using,the excess flows into the utility's power grid（电网）.The residents are billed by " net metering"：they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid,minus the kilowatts（千瓦）they feed into it.If a home generates more power than it uses,the bill is zero.
That sounds like a bad deal for the power company,but it's not.Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. "That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time."
What's not to like？Mostly the costs.The special features can add ＄25，000 or more to the purchase price of a house.Tax breaks bring the cost down,especially in California,but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive.For the consumer,it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.
8. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now？ ______
A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.
B. They want to know if they are able to pay.
C. They want to see how much they have saved.
D. They want to avoid being overcharged.
9. What is special about the ZEH communities？ ______
A. They are built in harmony with the environment.
B. They have created cutting edge technologies.
C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.
D. They aim to be independent in power supply.
10. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company？ ______
A. More pressure at peak time
B. Reduced operational costs.
C. Increased electricity output.
D. Less profits in the short term.
11. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community ______ .
A. is a worthy investment in the long run
B. is but a dream for average consumers
C. gives the owner great tax benefits
D. contributes to environmental protection
D
We've all heard it before：to be successful,get out of bed early.After all,Apple CEO Tim Cook gets up at 3：45 a.m.，Fiat CEO Sergio Marchionne at 3：30 a.m.and Richard Branson at 5：45 a.m. -- and,as we know, "the early bird catches the worm."
But just because some successful people wake up early,does that mean it's a feature most of them share？And if the idea of having exercised,planned your day,eaten breakfast,done one task before 8 a.m.makes you sleepy till next Saturday,are you really doomed（注定） to a less successful life？
For about half of us,this isn't really an issue.It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening oriented,but somewhere in the middle.Roughly one in four of us,though,tend more toward bright-eyed early risers,and another one in four are night owls.
Numerous studies have found that morning people are more self-directed and agreeable.And compared to night owls,they're less likely to be depressed,drink or smoke.
Although morning types may achieve more academically,night owls tend to perform better on measures of memory,processing speed and cognitive ability,even when they have to perform those tasks in the morning.Night time people are also more open and more creative.And one study shows that night owls are as healthy and wise as morning types and a little bit wealthier.
Still think the morning people sound more like CEO material？Don't set your alarm for 5 a.m.just yet.As it turns out,overhauling（大修）your sleep times may not have much effect.
"If people are left to their naturally preferred times,they feel much better.They say that they are much more productive.The mental capacity they have is much broader," says Oxford University biologist Katharina Wulff.On the other hand,she says,pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.When they wake early,for example,night owls are still producing melatonin（褪黑激素）. "Then you disrupt it and push the body to be in the daytime mode.That can have lots of negative physiological consequences," Wulff says,like a different sensitivity to insulin and glucose（葡萄糖）-- which can cause weight gain.
12. What does the author do in the first three paragraphs？ ______ .
A. raising the problem -- analyzing the problem -- solving the problem
B. introducing a viewpoint-- raising the question -- presenting author's viewpoint
C. presenting author's viewpoint -- providing supporting proofs -- making a conclusion
D. leading in the topic -- challenging a view point -- discussing about the topic
13. What can we know from the 4th and 5th paragraph？ ______
A. To beat night-time people,ask them to do maths calculation in the morning.
B. Morning types are more conservative but more optimistic.
C. Night owls tend to sacrifice their health for their wealth.
D. Neither night owls nor morning persons perform better than the middle ones.
14. Which of the following does Katharina Wulff support？ ______
A. Don't fall asleep in front of the TV.
B. Avoid being regularly late for work.
C. Better not change your sleep times sharply.
D. Stop setting your alarm for 5 a.m.
15. Why does the author write this passage？ ______
A. To argue against the view that the early bird catches the worm.
B. To compare the differences between early risers and night owls.
C. To advise people to get up neither too early nor too late.
D. To explain why some people are more successful.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
Failure is probably the most exhausting experience one ever has.There is nothing more tiring than not succeeding.
We experience this tiredness in two ways：start-up fatigue（疲惫）and performance fatigue.In the former case,we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult. (1)
Such start-up fatigue is very real,even if not actually physical.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply：always handle the most difficult job first. (2) Using my own rule,I determined to write them in alphabetical（字母） order and I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.
(3) Its difficulties appear so great that we fail again and again.In such a situation,I work as hard as I can and then let the unconscious take over.When planning Encyclopedia Britannica,I had to create a table of contents.Nothing like this had ever been done before so that my fatigue became almost unbearable.I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself,not with me. (4) An hour later,I woke up suddenly with the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind and proved correct at every step.
(5) Success was now as exciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings,I believe,must try to succeed.Success,then,means never feeling tired.
A.Feeling relieved,I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.
B.Hard as I worked as before,l felt no fatigue.
C.This feeling finally weighed me down.
D.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.
E.And the longer we delay it,the more tired we feel.
F.I racked my brains day and night and wrote the essays desperately.
G.I once was asked to write quite a lot of essays on some famous authors.
16. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
17. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
18. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
19. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
20. A. A B. B C. C D. D E. E F. F G. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
Jayden Sutton,a high school senior,did a part-time job at a restaurant on weekends.After his (21)，which usually lasted between six to eight hours,he walked home,sometimes not arriving back until midnight.Sutton was (22)to make enough money to eventually buy his own(23)，as his mother was recently laid off.
That all(24)when Lavonda Wright Myers saw him walking down the road in the rain in December. "The young man was walking to work(25)，saying 'I can't be late'，" Myers said.Myers(26) he was her son's classmate.Sutton asked Myers if she could give him a(27).Myers told him she could take him as far as she was going.She began to create small talk along the way.
After dropping Sutton off,Myers said his determination (28)her.As time went on,Myers felt that she needed to take matters into her own hands and(29)the teenager. "He was in good spirits and he's a child worth (30)，" she said.So,Myers(31)Sutton's story on a Go Fund Me page,which raised more than ﹩9，000 from 186 donors.
Then,she managed to(32)the general manager of a Honda dealership to drop the price of the vehicle to meet the(33).Myers' act of kindness(34)Sutton's mind----he couldn't believe it!Myers documented the moment she gave Sutton his new vehicle on Facebook.Sutton's mother was very(35)for this ----her eyes were wet with tears when seeing the new car.
21. A. ceremony B. hike C. class D. shift
22. A. satisfied B. determined C. annoyed D. ashamed
23. A. food B. apartment C. vehicle D. bike
24. A. changed B. repeated C. failed D. happened
25. A. by mistake B. in a rush C. at a loss D. with ease
26. A. argued B. expected C. recognized D. accepted
27. A. ride B. message C. tip D. job
28. A. scared B. reminded C. confused D. struck
29. A. raise B. assist C. save D. invite
30. A. visiting B. following C. congratulating D. blessing
31. A. posted B. copied C. read D. swapped
32. A. train B. allow C. hire D. convince
33. A. deadline B. profit C. budget D. discount
34. A. cleared B. blew C. slipped D. turned
35. A. grateful B. eager C. responsible D. desperate
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. Can red TV dramas awaken a strong desire in young people (1) （learn） about China's revolutionary history？The answer is yes.Chinese TV drama Awakening Age,which narrates the story of how the Communist Party of China（CPC）was founded in 1921，ended several months ago,but it remains a hot topic on social media, (2) discussion shows that it has played a positive role in educating young people about China's revolutionary history.
The TV series (3) （celebrate） this year's 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC has won high praise online.The stories of the young people in the drama — who devoted everything,even their lives, (4) the revolution — have touched a large number of viewers.The storytelling in the show has also been applauded by viewers for successfully showing the (5) （deep） of the CPC's history and spirit,as well as the warmth of China and every family in the country.
Many audiences (6) （inspire） to find background information about the series and commented that this is their first time to (7) （voluntary）learn the history about the founding of the Party and the country. "I read many of Lu Xun's novels such as A Madman's Diary when I was in elementary school,but I couldn't understand why he wrote them or the angry feelings hiding in the characters.After watching the drama,I read these novels again and found that I can now understand (8) they wanted to convey to readers," said Li Lin, (9) 18-year-old viewer.
Recently some school teachers (10) （show）video clips（片段）from the series in classes to arouse students' interest in the time period and help them learn more about history.A junior high school teacher from Taiyuan,in north China's Shanxi Province,said that this has proven effective as some students told her after class that the show had left a strong impression on them.
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假设你是李华，红星中学的一名高三学生。你校因疫情延期开学，你的美国朋友George发邮件来表示关心，并询问你的新学年规划。请你给他回邮件告知，内容包括：
1.感谢他的关心；
2.你的新学年规划；
3.询问他的新学年规划。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear George,
___________
Yours,
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
It was a cold,snowy evening.Tommy was running as fast as he could,focused on nothing but his destination----the shop on the street corner.Two weeks ago he saw figurines（小塑像）of Marvel superheroes on the shelves and felt he had to have one.He's been walking the neighbor's dog ever since then to earn money to fulfil his little dream.He was so excited and barely noticing the world around him.Maybe that's why he tripped over the legs of a homeless woman,who was sitting on the pavement,her back against the wall.He murmured（低语） "sorry" and moved on to his destination.
Once he entered the shop,he went straight to the shelves with figurines.Hulk,Thor,Captain America,Iron Man,and many more----all of his admired heroes.With his heart pounding like crazy he reached for Spiderman.
"You like these,true believer？"
Tommy turned around.An old man was standing behind him with a wide smile on his face.
"Y-yes, …Yes,they're awesome!" answered Tommy. "They're strong and fast and help other people a lot ..."the boy looked at figurines in admiration. "I wish I could be a superhero too."
"Then become one!" said the old man.
"How？" Tommy asked in surprise. "I don't have any superpowers."
"And why would you need them？" the old man smiled.Seeing the confusion on the boy's face,he squatted（蹲下） and put his hands on Tommy's arms. "Did you know that shopkeeper lady over there has a disabled husband？She's been working hard and taking care of him for years.I've never heard a word of complaint from her.And this person ---" he pointed at a redhead man,who just entered the shop. "He's a firefighter；he's saved countless lives.He never gives up,no matter how dangerous the situation seems to be."
The old man looked Tommy in the eyes and smiled. "You don't need a superpower to be a hero for someone else.The path of a superhero starts not in the mind,not in the muscles,but in the heart."
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Tommy lowered his head and looked at his shoes thinking intensely.____________
The homeless woman was right there,where he saw her last time.__________
2021-2022学年上学期宣化一中高三月考考试
英语试卷（10月份）答案和解析
1.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】A 【小题3】C
【解析】（1）D．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away,we offer great top-side shark viewing from our observation deck（甲板）.如果你想看大白鲨，但更喜欢离得远一点的话，我们可以在观景台上观赏大白鲨。可知，这种探险适合想看鲨鱼又想离鲨鱼远些的客人，比较安全，故选D。
（2）A．细节理解题。根据最后一段we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks.我们不能保证你一定会百分百看到鲨鱼。可知，有可能不会达到想看鲨鱼的目的，故选A。
（3）C．推理判断题。根据第三段There,we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.在那里，我们将放下笼子，准备为您提供一个您永远不会忘记的景观；You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage,taking photos and having fun.当你在笼子里走动、拍照和娱乐的时候，你可以通过通气管或空气软管舒适地呼吸。可知，这份体验是奇异难忘并且充满趣味的，A.difficult but exciting困难但兴奋的；B.challenging and tiring挑战和疲劳的；C.amazing and enjoyable难忘且有趣味的；D.expensive but popular昂贵且受欢迎的。故选C。
本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了与大鲨鱼共同潜水这一活动的内容知识，包括注意事项，定价细节，还有对客人能否看到鲨鱼的保证事项。
阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解，根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题。
4.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】A 【小题4】B
【解析】（1）D．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的For starters,sand can be a challenge because it has an uneven （不平坦的） surface.对于初学者来说，沙子是一个挑战，因为它的表面不平坦。可知，对于初学者而言，在凹凸不平的路面上跑步需要很大的力气，是困难的，结合选项，故选D。
（2）B．词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的It gives your body an extra workout,forcing you to exercise muscles that don't get as muchuse during runs on firm surfaces. 但这种不平衡也有___。它给你的身体提供了额外的锻炼，迫使你锻炼肌肉，而这些肌肉在坚实的地面上跑步时不会得到太多的锻炼。可知是在描述这种不平衡的一个好处。故可推测划线单词意思为"好处"。A．Challenge挑战B．Advantage好处；C．Reason原因D．Character性格。故选B。
（3）A.观点态度题。根据倒数第二段Some beach runners prefer to run barefoot - not wearing anything on feet.However,if you're not used to barefoot running,start slowly and don't run long distances at first.That's because running barefoot uses more different muscles than running with shoes does,and it's important to strengthen these muscles and adapt your feet.If you want to run barefoot and as long as you run carefully enough into it,go for it! （一些沙滩跑步者喜欢赤脚跑步-不穿任何东西在脚上。然而，如果你不习惯赤脚跑步，开始慢慢地，不要跑很长的距离。这是因为赤脚跑步比穿鞋跑步使用更多不同的肌肉，重要的是加强这些肌肉和调整你的脚。如果你想赤脚跑步，只要你足够小心地跑进去，就去吧！）可以看出作者对赤脚跑步是支持的，结合选项A.positive积极的；B．Critical批评的；C．Doubtful怀疑的；D．Uncaring不关心的。故选A。
（4）B．文章来源题。根据文章第一段中的But this unevenness has an upside；The beach may seem like an inviting place to run on a cool summer morning,but is running on the sand good for your body？It can be,but it's important to be aware of the challenges that some beach runners experience before you get ready.
在凉爽的夏日早晨，海滩似乎是一个吸引人的地方跑步，但是在沙滩上跑步对你的身体有好处吗？可以，但是在你准备好之前，一定要意识到一些沙滩跑步者所经历的挑战。可知，本文章主要讲述了在海滩上跑步的好处以及相关的注意事项，该类文章应出现在运动杂志上。故选B。
这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在海滩上跑步肯定是一件好事。这和在人行道上跑步完全不同，路面是柔软的。文章主要说明了一些在沙滩上跑步需要注意的事项。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8.【答案】
【小题1】C 【小题2】D 【小题3】B 【小题4】A
【解析】（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段"The Gatais used to frown when they received power bills that routinely topped ＄200.Last September the couple moved into a 1 ，500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens,a subdivision of 95 "zero-energy homes" （ZEH）just outside town.Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills.The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house ：＄75.for the past two months they haven't paid a cent. 加泰人过去收到的电费账单通常超过200英镑时，他们会皱起眉头。去年9月，这对夫妇搬进了位于普里米尔花园（Premier Gardens）的1500平方英尺的住宅，这是一个位于城外95个"零能源住宅"（ZEH）的分区。现在他们真的很想看看电费单。他们在这座三居室的房子里住了10个月，总共75英镑。过去两个月他们一分钱都没付。"可知加泰人现在急于要看他们的电费单是他们想看看自己省了多少钱。故选C。
（2）D.推理判断题。根据第二段"ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume.ZEH 社区是技术的前沿，也许有一天会创造出与消耗一样多的能源的房屋。"可知ZEH社区的特别之处是他们的目标是自己产生足够的电力。故选D。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"That sounds like a bad deal for the power company,but it's not.Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times." says solar expert Mike Keesee. "That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time." 这听起来对电力公司来说是个糟糕的交易，但事实并非如此。在阳光明媚的下午，当每个人都赶回家打开空调时，太阳能家庭的发电量最大。"太阳能专家迈克 基西说："它有助于我们在用电高峰期降低用电量。"这样我们就可以避免在用电高峰期建造昂贵的电厂或购买昂贵的电力。"可知"净计量"对电力公司意味着降低运营成本。故选B。
（4）A.推理判断题。根据最后一段"What's not to like ？Mostly the costs.The special features can add ＄25，000 or more to the purchase price of a house.Tax breaks bring the cost down,especially in California,but in many states ZEHs can be prohibitively expensive.For the consumer,it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the utilities. 这些特殊功能可以使房屋的购买价格增加2.5万英镑或更多。减税可以降低成本，尤其是在加利福尼亚州，但是在许多州，ZEH的成本可能高得让人望而却步。对消费者来说，现在就要花钱买硬件，以节省日后的公用事业费用。"可推知笔者认为，从长远来看，在泽赫社区买房是值得投资的。故选A。
本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了ZEH社区是技术的前沿，也许有一天会创造出与消耗一样多的能源的房屋。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】A
【解析】（1）D．写作手法题。第一段，用大家所知的早起的鸟儿有虫吃的俗语来引入话题；第二段but …does that mean it's a trait most of them share？但是…这是不是意味着，他们大多数人都有这个特点"提出了质疑，即challenge；第三段" For about half of us,this isn't really an issue.It's estimated that some 50% of the population isn't really morning or evening-oriented,but somewhere in the middle.Roughly one in four of us,though,tend more toward bright-eyed early risers,and another one in four are night owls.For them,the effects can go beyond falling asleep in front of the TV at 10 pm or being regularly late for work. 对我们中的一半人来说，这不是什么问题．据估计，大约有50% 的人口，不是真正的早晨或晚上，但在中间的某个地方。大约四分之一的人更倾向于早起，而另外四分之一的人是夜猫子。对他们来说，这种影响不仅仅是晚上10点在电视机前睡着或者经常上班迟到。"，对这个问题进行深入的讨论，可知作者在前三段是引导话题→挑战观点→讨论话题。故选D。
（2）B．推理判断题。根据第四段的句子"self-directed and agreeable自我导向，和蔼可亲"，可知，早起的人是保守的'conservative'；根据第四段"less likely to be depressed,drink or smoke不太可能抑郁，酗酒或吸烟。"可知，早起的人是乐观的。所以早起的人往往有明确的目标和更好的心情。故选B。
（3）C．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的"On the other hand,she says,pushing people too far out of their natural preference can be harmful.另一方面，她说，把人们推离他们的自然偏好太远可能是有害的。"可知，Katharina Wulff 认为最好不要大修睡眠时间。故选C。
（4）A．写作意图题。根据全文可知，该议论文一直在围绕早起的好坏，最后得出的结论是不好。所以作者要写这篇文章是为了反对这种认为鸟有虫吃的观点。故选A。
文章介绍一些成功的人是早起的人，人们认为早起是好的习惯，但是研究表明大修睡眠时间是没有好处的。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
16.【答案】
【小题1】E 【小题2】G 【小题3】D 【小题4】A 【小题5】B
【解析】（1）E.推理判断题。根据前文"Weexperience this tiredness in two ways：start-up fatigue （疲惫） and performance fatigue.In theformer case,we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or toodifficult. （我们通过两种方式体验这种疲惫：启动疲惫和性能疲惫。在前一种情况下，我们总是推迟任务，因为它要么太无聊，要么太难。）"可知，推迟任务会使人感到疲惫。E选项"And thelonger we delay it,the more tired we feel.（我们拖得越久，就越累。）"符合题意，故选E。
（2）G．细节理解题。根据后文"Using myown rule,I determined to write them in alphabetical （字母） order and I always started theday's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.（根据我自己的规则，我决定按照字母顺序把它们写下来，我总是以作文这一艰巨的任务开始一天的工作。）"可知，本句是对上文总是先处理最困难的工作这一方法进行举例。G选项"I once wasasked to write quite a lot of essays on some famous authors.（我曾经被要求写很多关于一些著名作家的文章）"符合题意。故选G。
（3）D．推理判断题。根据后文"Itsdifficulties appear so great that we fail again and again.In such a situation,I work as hard as I can and then let the unconscious take over.（它的困难显得如此之大，以至于我们一次又一次地失败。在这种情况下，我尽我所能努力工作，然后让潜意识接管。）"可推测，本段讲述的是上文提到的另一种体验疲惫的方法---性能疲惫。D选项"Performance fatigue is moredifficult to handle.（性能疲惫更难处理）"符合题意，故选D。
（4）A．细节理解题。根据后文"An hourlater,I woke up suddenly with the solution which had come up in my unconsciousmind and proved correct at every step.（一个小时后，我突然醒来，我的潜意识里出现了解决方案，并证明每一步都是正确的。）"可知，作者改变想法后去休息了。A选项"Feeling relieved,I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.（我感到如释重负，靠在一张安乐椅上睡着了。）"符合题意，故选A。
（5）B．细节理解题。根据后文"Success,then,means never feeling tired.（因此，成功意味着永不疲倦。）"可知，最后一段进行总结，表达了作者成功摆脱了疲惫后的感悟。B选项"Hard as Iworked as before,l felt no fatigue.（虽然我和以前一样努力工作，但我并不感到疲惫。）"符合题意，故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。失败可能是人一生中最令人疲惫的经历，文章介绍了通过两种方式体验这种疲惫：启动疲惫和性能疲惫，表达了人们需要通过努力获得成功的观点。
"七选五"这样的题型，主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1．理清文章的逻辑和结构，2．在所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻辑的选项，关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节，排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。
21.【答案】
【小题1】D 【小题2】B 【小题3】C 【小题4】A 【小题5】B
【小题6】C 【小题7】A 【小题8】D 【小题9】B 【小题10】D
【小题11】A 【小题12】D 【小题13】C 【小题14】B 【小题15】A
【解析】（1）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.ceremony仪式；B.hike徒步旅行；C.class班级；D.shift轮班。句意：他的轮班通常持续6到8个小时，下班后，他步行回家。根据后句"..which usually lasted between six to eight hours,he walked home"通常持续6到8个小时，他走回家。可知是在他轮班之后，回家。故选D项。
（2）B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.satisfied满意的；B.determined下定决心的；C.annoyed烦恼的；D.ashamed羞愧的。句意：萨顿的母亲最近失业了，他决定赚足够的钱最终买一辆自己的车。根据后文"After dropping Sutton off,Myers said his determination（8）her."迈尔斯把萨顿送下车后说，他的决心打动了她。可知，作者是下定决心去买辆车。故选B项。
（3）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.food食物；B.apartment公寓；C.vehidle车辆；D.bike自行车。句意：萨顿的母亲最近失业了，他决定赚足够的钱最终买一辆自己的车。根据后文"Myers documented the moment she gave Sutton his new vehide on Facebook."迈尔斯在Facebook上记录了她把新车交给萨顿的那一刻。原词重现，可知作者想买车。故选C项。
（4）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.changed改变；B.repeated重复；C.failed失败；D.happened发生。句意：12月，当拉旺达赖特迈尔斯（Lavonda Wright Myers）看到他在雨中走在路上时，一切都改变了。根据第二段的整体大意， Myer遇见了Sutton并且听了他的故事，所以事情发生了转折，因此这里是一切发生了改变。故选A项。
（5）B.考查介词短语及语境理解。A.by mistake错误地；B.in a rush匆忙地；C.at a loss困惑地；D.with ease熟练的。句意："那个年轻人匆匆忙忙地走在上班的路上，说我不能迟到。"根据后句"I can't be late "我不能迟到。可知那个年轻人匆匆忙忙地走在上班的路上。故选B项。
（6）C.考查动词及语境理解。A.argued争论；B.expected期待；C.recognized认出，承认；D.accepted接受。句意：迈尔斯认出他是她儿子的同学。根据第一段"Jayden Sutton,a high school senior,did a part- time job at a restaurant on weekends."杰登萨顿是一名高三学生，周末在一家餐馆打工。可知迈尔斯认出他是她儿子的同学。故选C项。
（7）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.ride骑行；B.message信息；C.tip建议；D.job工作。句意：萨顿问迈尔斯能不能送他一程。根据后句"Myers told him she could take him as far as she was going."迈尔斯告诉他，她可以带他走到她要去的地方。可知萨顿问迈尔斯能不能送他一程。give sb a ride让某人搭车。故选A项。
（8）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.scared使害怕；B.reminded提醒；C.confused使困惑；D.struck打动。句意：迈尔斯把萨顿送下车后说，他的决心打动了她。根据后句"As time went on,Myers felt that she needed to take matters into her own hands and（9）the teenager."在美国，迈尔斯觉得她要自己（帮助男孩）解决问题，帮助这个少年。可知男孩的事情打动了Myer。故选D项。
（9）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.raise提高；B.assist帮助；C.save拯救；D.invite邀请。句意：在美国，迈尔斯觉得她需要自己解决问题，帮助这个少年。根据上句"As time went on,Myers felt that she needed to take matters into her own hands"在美国，迈尔斯觉得她需要自己解决问题。可知Myers想帮助这个少年。故选B项。
（10）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.visiting拜访；B.following跟随；C.congratulating祝贺；D.blessing祝福。句意：他精神很好，是一个值得祝福的孩子。根据后句"which raised more than ＄9.000 from 186 donors."从186名捐赠者那里筹集了9000多美元。可知Myers项帮助这个少年，认为他是值得祝福的。故选D项。
（11）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.posted贴出；B.copied复制；C.read读；D.swapped调换。句意：因此，迈尔斯将萨顿的故事发布在了"资助我"页面上。根据后句" on a Go Fund Me page"可知Myers把迈尔斯将萨顿的故事发布在网站上。故选A项。
（12）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.train培训；B.allow允许；C.hire雇用；D.convince说服。句意：然后，她设法说服了本田汽车经销商的总经理降低了汽车的价格，以满足预算。根据后句"Myers documented the moment she gave Sutton his new vehicle on Facebook"迈尔斯在Facebook上记录了她把新车交给萨顿的那一刻。可知她设法说服了本田汽车经销商的总经理降低了汽车的价格。故选D项。
（13）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.deadline截止；B.profit利润；C.budget预算；D.discount折扣。句意：然后，她设法说服了本田汽车经销商的总经理降低了汽车的价格，以满足预算。第四段第一句中"drop the price"降价，压低价格，可以推断出Myer打算劝说经理降价来满足他们的预算。故选C项。
（14）B.考查动词及语境理解。A.cleared清除；B.blew吹；C.slipped滑动；D.turned转变。句意：迈尔斯的善举改变了萨顿的想法。根据后句"He couldn't believe it."他简直不敢相信，所以说是Myer的善举让他震惊，让他兴奋到头晕。blow one's mind意为"震撼心灵"，故选B项。
（15）A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.grateful感激的；B.eager渴望的；C.responsible负责的；D.desperate绝望的。句意：萨顿的母亲对此非常感激，当她看到新车时，她的眼睛湿润了。根据后句"her eyes were wet with tears when seeing the new car."当她看到那辆新车时，眼里充满了泪水。可知萨顿的母亲对此非常感激。故选A项。
本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是高中生萨顿在其同学母亲Myers的帮助下实现目标的故事。
做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词是否得当，意思是否正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】to learn
【小题2】where
【小题3】celebrating
【小题4】to
【小题5】depth
【小题6】were inspired
【小题7】voluntarily
【小题8】what
【小题9】an
【小题10】have been showing
【解析】（1）to learn.考查不定式。句意：红色电视剧能唤起年轻人学习中国革命历史的强烈愿望吗？desire后果不定式作后置定语，故填to learn。
（2）where.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国电视剧《觉醒年代》讲述了中国共产党于1921年成立的故事。该剧已于几个月前播完，但仍然是社交媒体上的热门话题。在社交媒体上的热烈讨论表明，这部电视剧在提高年轻人对中国革命历史的认识方面发挥了积极作用。先行词为media,在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
（3）celebrating.考查现在分词。句意：这部庆祝今年中国共产党成立100周年的电视剧在网上获得了高度评价。celebrate和它所修饰的词之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语，故填celebrating。
（4）to.考查介词。句意：剧中的年轻人为革命付出了一切，甚至生命，他们的故事感动了大量的观众。devote....to致力于，为固定搭配，故填to。
（5）depth.考查名词。句意：节目的叙事方式也受到了观众的好评，因为它成功地展示了中国共产党历史和精神的深度，以及中国和每个家庭的温暖。作宾语，所以用名词，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填depth。
（6）were inspired.考查时态语态。句意：许多观众受到启发，去寻找关于该系列的背景信息，并评论说，这是他们第一次自愿学习党和国家的建党历史。inspire和主语之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，描述已发生的事情，所以用一般过去时态，主语为复数名词，故填were inspired。
（7）voluntarily.考查副词。句意：许多观众受到启发，去寻找关于该系列的背景信息，并评论说，这是他们第一次自愿学习党和国家的建党历史。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填voluntarily。
（8）what.考查宾语从句。句意：看完电视剧后，我又看了一遍这些小说，发现我现在能理解它们想要传达给读者的意思了。引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示"……的东西"，故填what。
（9）an.考查冠词。句意：29岁的观众李林说。泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，18-year-old是以元音音素开头的，故填an。
（10）have been showing.考查时态。句意：一些学校老师在课堂上播放了该系列的视频片段，以激发学生对这段时间的兴趣，帮助他们更多地了解历史。recently常和现在完成时态连用，此处表示一直，所以用现在完成进行时态，主语为复数名词，故填have been showing。
本文介绍了电影《觉醒年代》：是以1915年《青年杂志》问世到1921年《新青年》成为中国共产党机关刊物为背景，展现了从新文化运动到中国共产党建立这段波澜壮阔的历史画卷，讲述了觉醒年代的百态人生。该剧再现了一批名冠中华的文化大师和一群理想飞扬的热血青年，以及他们演绎的一段充满激情、燃烧理想的澎湃岁月。
本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空。做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear George,Thank you for your concern about my schooling,and now I'm writing to tell you something about my plans in the final academic year.（表达感谢） My top priority is to make maximum efforts to achieve an outstanding performance in my college entrance examination.【高分句型一】Then comes my decision to get into shape by eating less junk food and taking regular exercise.I also intend to volunteer for community service,where I can not only enhance interpersonal capability but also problem-solving skills.【高分句型二】（阐述自己的计划） How about you？I can't wait to know your new academic year plan.Looking forward to your reply.Yours Li Hua
【解析】这是一封信件，作者回信感激对方的关心，并告知自己将来的计划。
高分句型一：My top priority is to make maximum efforts to achieve an outstanding performance in my college entrance examination.
译文：我的首要任务是尽最大努力在高考中取得优异的成绩。
分析：to make maximum efforts不定式短语作表语；to achieve an outstanding performance不定式短语作目的状语。
高分句型二：I also intend to volunteer for community service,where I can not only enhance interpersonal capability but also problem-solving skills.
译文：我还打算志愿参加社区服务，在那里我不仅可以提高人际交往能力，还可以提高解决问题的能力。
分析：where引导的定语从句。
对命题作文必须认真审题，对自由作文必须立好意。文章要有明确的主题，必须具备四个条件：准确、鲜明、深刻、集中。
38.【答案】Paragraph1：
Tommy lowered his head and looked at his shoes thinking intensely.Finally he raised his head. "So I am supposed to..." He stopped mid-sentence when he realized that he was alone.【高分句型一】He turned his head left and right,but the old man was nowhere to be seen.His eyes lit up---- he already had an idea of what he should do.He looked at figurines for the last time and moved towards the counter. "Two sandwiches and a cup of tea please, "he said,and then returned,food in hand.（小孩给无家可归的老人买了东西吃）
Paragraph2：
The homeless woman was right there,where he saw her last time.Tommy came closer and carefully gave the woman his buys.Her eyes opened wide in surprise,then filled with tears. "Thank you," she whispered.Tommy bowed his head,turned around and went back home.He was moving faster and faster and finally he started to run.Strange energy filling his body made him feel like he could fly.When he finally stopped,he was breathing heavily,but he didn't feel tired.【高分句型二】He smiled happily --- it was a wonderful feeling.And nothing could stop it.（小男孩把吃的送给老人以及小男孩的想法）
【解析】本文讲述了小男孩想要成为超级英雄的故事。
高分句型一：He stopped mid-sentence when he realized that he was alone.
翻译：当他意识到他自己在那的时候，他停住了说了一半的话。
分析：when引导的时间状语从句。
高分句型二：When he finally stopped,he was breathing heavily,but he didn't feel tired.
翻译：当他最后停止的时候，他呼吸很重，但是他并不觉得累。
分析：when引导的时间状语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文。确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此类短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后。最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。

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