资源简介

天津西青区2021年初中毕业生英语学业考试调查试卷(一)
一、单项填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．（2021·西青模拟）He took __________________ name Mark Twain and became very famous in __________________ 1860s.
A．an; the B．a; the C．the; the D．a; the
2．（2021·西青模拟）— Are these crayons __________________
— Yes, they are.
A．you B．your C．yours D．their
3．（2021·西青模拟）I live in Beijing now, but I __________________ in Shanghai three years ago.
A．lived B．will live C．live D．have lived
4．（2021·西青模拟）She has good __________________, and she goes to work even after getting married.
A．experiment B．education C．expression D．exercise
5．（2021·西青模拟）I like collecting old stamps because they are __________________.
A．simple B．valuable C．impossible D．natural
6．（2021·西青模拟）Though Confucius has been dead for such a long time, we __________________ still __________________ by his ideas.
A．were; influenced B．have; been influenced
C．are; influenced D．will; be influenced
7．（2021·西青模拟）Monkey King ___________________ a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men.
A．fights B．leads C．includes D．forms
8．（2021·西青模拟）This desk __________________ too much room.
A．counts down B．takes up C．closes down D．lifts up
9．（2021·西青模拟）When Henry was working in a restaurant, a snake __________________ appeared.
A．probably B．quietly C．suddenly D．immediately
10．（2021·西青模拟）Dylan trained hard __________________ his basketball skills.
A．to improve B．improving C．improves D．improved
11．（2021·西青模拟）This book __________________ as a book in 2012.
A．came out B．woke up C．paid for D．made sense
12．（2021·西青模拟）It's a secret between you and me, so you __________________ tell it to others.
A．mustn't B．need C．could D．should
13．（2021·西青模拟）I have known Bill __________________ he was born.
A．since B．as soon as C．until D．while
14．（2021·西青模拟）Do you know __________________
A．where can we go B．how much the dress costs
C．what is he preparing for D．why was he angry
15．（2021·西青模拟）— Hi, Jane, how was your weekend
— __________________. I enjoyed myself in Qingdao very much.
A．Good idea B．Wait a minute
C．Pretty good D．That's too bad
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
（2021·西青模拟）完形填空
Bill, a thirteen-year-old boy, thought he had grown up to be a man.
But his parents told him, "You won't be a real man until you begin to 16． helping others."
One morning, his parents gave him some money to 17． some milk for them. Outside a shop he
saw a homeless old man who looked very 18． . Bill went to him and asked, "What's
wrong with you " "The old man answered, "I'm hungry. I haven't
had any food for two days."
By thinking of his parents' words，Bill said
to the old man, "Let's go to the 19． ."
When they got there, Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and
coffee to the old man. The old man finished the meal quickly. After the waiter 20． the plate and the cup, the old man said,
"Sorry for giving you so much 21． .
I'm fine now. I'll 22． forget
your kindness! You are a very good young man." Bill was 23． when he heard this. Just when he wanted
to pay for the meal, the waiter came. Bill and the old man learned 24． that the food was free 25． it was the birthday of the boss, and
they were the first customers(顾客)that day.
16．A．think about B．depend on C．give up D．go on
17．A．lend B．buy C．drink D．borrow
18．A．afraid B．glad C．hungry D．angry
19．A．bank B．library C．hospital D．restaurant
20．A．sent out B．got down C．gave back D．took away
21．A．excuse B．advice C．trouble D．difficulty
22．A．never B．always C．usually D．sometimes
23．A．nervous B．pleased C．sorry D．sad
24．A．in surprise B．as usual C．once again D．at first
25．A．when B．until C．unless D．because
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题⒉分，共30分）
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Dear Chen Jie,
How is it going Last Monday, we talked about our dreams in the
class meeting. Some students didn't know what they wanted to be in the future.
But I said that I wanted to be an English teacher. I hope to be a good teacher
like Mr. Wu. He makes his math class interesting. He often tells us to work hard
and try our best to achieve our dreams.
What are you going to be when you grow up
Yours,
Li Ming
Dear Li Ming,
Thanks for your letter. My dream is to be a voluntary(志愿的)doctor. But my parents don't agree with me. They think the job will
sometimes be very difficult. This week I wrote to my Chinese teacher, Miss Liu.
I asked her for some advice. She said that a good doctor could help more people
and she told 8me not to give up my dream. Now, I'm sure of my dream job and
maybe I will go to work in a poor place one day, but I will always be your
friend!
Love,
Chen Jie,
26．What did Li Ming and his classmates talk about in the class meeting
A．Their teachers. B．Their dreams.
C．Their parents. D．Their friends.
27．Who wants to be a teacher
A．Chen Jie. B．Li Ming. C．Mr. Wu. D．Miss Liu.
28．What subject does Mr. Wu teach
A．Chinese. B．English. C．Math. D．P.E.
29．What do Chen Jie's parents think of the job of a voluntary doctor
A．Very difficult. B．Very easy.
C．Very interesting. D．Very boring.
30．Chen Jie wrote a letter to Miss Liu because he wanted ______________________.
A．to give up his dream B．to be poor
C．to make friends with Miss Liu D．to get some advice
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't
have enough time to relax or to stay with their family.
Work hours are different from one country to another. In France,
people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work. In Japan, however, people work
about 2,159 hours a year. That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a
year than a French worker.
Why do people work so many hours Some people work extra hours
because they want to make more money. However, many companies don't pay
overtime. Their workers don't get more pay for more work. Some people think it's
their duty to work more hours. Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they
don't work more hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people
get five weeks of paid vacation a year. In Germany, they get four to six weeks， and in the United States, two weeks. One study shows fewer than
half of workers used all their vacation days. In Great Britain, there is a
saying, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy. "If that is true, there must be a lot of dull people in
the world.
31．A Japanese worker works ___________________ more hours a year than a French one.
A．513 B．1,646 C．2,159 D．3,805
32．The word "extra" in Paragraph 3 means ___________________.
A．正常的 B．额外的 C．有用的 D．少量的
33．Some people work so many hours because ___________________.
A．they are not afraid of losing their jobs.
B．they don't think it's their duty.
C．they have other jobs to do.
D．they want to make more money.
34．People in ___________________ get two weeks of paid vacation a year.
A．France B．Germany
C．the United States D．Great Britain
35．What can we infer(推断）from the passage
A．Many workers have to work long hours.
B．Many people have vacations long enough.
C．Work hours are the same around the world.
D．There are a lot of dull people in the world.
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Walking
If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you—walking.
You may think that simply taking a walk is not enough to make a big difference. You may think that you need to do something like running to stay healthy.
Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.
Running is high-impact (高强度的) activity and can be hard on the body. So, many people cannot run. Walking seems to have all of the advantages and none of the disadvantages of running.
Dr Russell Pate is a professor of exercise science at the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina. He says, "Walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises a person can do. You do not need to learn a lot to get results."
Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere. It fits easily into your daily schedule(日程表).You can walk at work. You can walk if you want to go shopping. You can take the stairs instead of the lift.
Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect. You can do a little at a time, or as we like to say, take baby steps.
36．If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, one easy activity for you is ___________________.
A．swimming B．walking C．skating D．shopping
37．A new study shows ___________________.
A．running is better than walking
B．walking is the best way of exercising
C．walking is as good as running
D．walking and running are not good enough
38．Why does Dr Russell Pate say walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises person can do
A．Because walking is a high-impact activity and can be easy on the body.
B．Because walking needs skills.
C．Because running has more advantages than walking.
D．Because walking needs no special skills or equipment, and we can do it anywhere.
39．What is the sixth paragraph talking about
A．The advantages of walking B．The results of walking
C．The impact of walking D．The disadvantages of walking
40．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell people that walking is a waste of time
B．To tell people that they don't need to run any more.
C．To tell people that they should walk more.
D．To tell people that they shouldn't walk more.
四、补全对话(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)
（2021·西青模拟）根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整（选项中有两项是多余的)
A. Why do you
think so B. What's the
weather like in Tianjin C. What can I
do there D. When is the
best time to visit Tianjin E. Is it very
hot in summer F. Could you
go sightseeing with me G. Certainly.
(Betty is talking with her friend Daming on
the phone.)
Daming: Hello, this is Daming. Who's that
Betty: This is Betty. I want to visit your
hometown--Tianjin. Can you give me some suggestions
Daming: 　41． 　
What do you want to know
Betty: 　42． 　
Daming: Yes, you are right. It's usually
very hot in summer.
Betty: 　43． 　
Daming: I think you'd better come in
October.
Betty: 　44． 　
Daming: Because the weather starts to get
cooler and the trees start to change color.
Betty: 　45． 　
Daming: You can visit many places of
interest here, such as Tianjin Ancient Culture Street and you can also try some
traditional Chinese food.
Betty: I'm looking forward to visiting
Tianjin. Thank you for your suggestions. Bye-bye.
Daming: Bye-bye. Hope to see you soon.
五、完成句子。根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
46．（2021·西青模拟）我的碗里什么也没有，椅子也摔碎了。
There is nothing in my bowl and the chair
was also 　 　　 　.
47．（2021·西青模拟）老师刚才耐心地指出我的错误并让我改正。
My teacher 　 　　 　 my mistake patiently just now and asked me to correct it.
48．（2021·西青模拟）出门之前请把灯关灯。
Please 　 　　 　 the lights before leaving the room.
49．（2021·西青模拟）我的小妹妹喜欢交朋友。
My younger sister likes 　 　　 　.
50．（2021·西青模拟）我喜欢熊猫，也喜欢大象。
I like pandas, and I like elephants
　 　　 　.
六、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)
（2021·西青模拟）任务型阅读
Charles
Darwin
One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (适应) was Charles Darwin. He was born in England in 1809.He wasn't the
best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a
medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(观察) nature more than attending medical classes. He dropped out (退学) without graduating.
Next, Charles's father sent him to school to become a minister (牧师). This time he made it to graduation. But he didn't want to do the
work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in
science.
After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an
unpaid (无薪) scientist. He wasn't the first choice, but
he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then
around the world. The crew' s (全体船员) task was to make
maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831, Charles Darwin sailed from England on the
Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five years.
During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and
animals and took them back to England to study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published an important scientific
paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have
adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwin's ideas about adaptations are still very important to the
study of living things.
51．Charles Darwin
was one of the most famous scientists to 　 　.
52．Charles didn't
want to do the work of a minister(牧师), His friends
encouraged him to 　 　.
53．The crew' s (全体船员) task was to 　 　.
54．In fact, the
trip sailing from England on the Beagle lasted 　 　.
55．Darwin described
　 　 that help them survive in an important scientific paper.
七、综合填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
（2021·西青模拟）综合填空
People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing:
sleeping. Every year，there is ad 　56． 　
for people around the world to celebrate the importance of good and healthy
sleep –World Sleep Day.
Sleep is like food for the brain (大脑). A
good amount of sleep helps the body and brain grow and 　57． 　.
People of different a 　58． 　 need different amounts of
sleep. According to the National Sleep Foundation in the US, adults (成年人) need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students aged
10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine per night.
H 　59． 　，many students don't
get enough sleep because of early school start times and too much homework. The
China Youth and Children Research Center（中国青少年研究中心)reported
that about 80 percent of middle school students don't get e 　60． 　
sleep.
A lack(缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect(影响) a person's life. Students w 　61． 　 don't get enough
sleep may get poor grades. They can't pay a 　62． 　 in class or do
well in sports.
To solve this problem, scientists advise
that students should have I 　63． 　 schoolwork and more time to
sleep，such as taking a 20-minute nap(午睡) during the day. Good sleep habits are also h 　64． 　. For
example, t 　65． 　 to go to sleep and wake up at the same time
every day, even on weekends and during holidays.
八、书面表达(本大题共15分)
66．（2021·西青模拟）外教David 想选择一位同学做助理(assistant)，假如你是Lucy很想做David 的助理。请根据以下要点写一封自荐信申请这一工作。
1）英语很好，可以和外教流畅地交流；
2）工作努力，认真对待每一件事；
3）主动帮助老师，会用正确的方式解决问题；
4）与同学关系融洽，乐于助人。
5）我相信……
注意：1）词数:80-100词，短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2）短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3）参考词汇：申请apply for
Dear David,
I hear that you are looking for an assistant,
……
Best
regards,
Lucy
答案解析部分
1．【答案】C
【知识点】用于时间、年代、传统节日前；表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意：他取名马克·吐温，在19世纪60年代变得非常有名。根据Mark Twain，可知是特指“马克·吐温”这个名字，用定冠词the表特指；in the 1860s，在19世纪60年代，固定短语，故选C。
【点评】考查定冠词，注意识记定冠词the的用法。
2．【答案】C
【知识点】名词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些蜡笔是你的吗？——是的，它们是。A：you你，人称代词主格或宾格；B：your你的，形容词性物主代词；C：yours你的，名词性物主代词；D：their他们的，形容词性物主代词。空格后没有名词，因此要用名词性物主代词，故选C。
【点评】考查名词性物主代词，注意识记名词性物主代词yours的用法。
3．【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我现在住在北京，但三年前我住在上海。根据three years ago三年前，可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式lived，故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时，注意根据语境确定时态以及动词的变化。
4．【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她受过良好的教育，甚至结婚后都去上班。A：experiment实验；B：education教育；C：expression表达；D：exercise锻炼；根据goes to work，可知去上班与受到好的教育有关，故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意理解选项词义，理解句意。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我喜欢收集旧邮票，因为它们很珍贵。A：simple简单的；B：valuable珍贵的；C：impossible不可能的；D：natural自然的；根据old stamps，可知旧邮票是珍贵的，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记valuable的词义和用法。
6．【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然孔子已经死了这么长时间，但我们仍然受到他的思想的影响。根据by his ideas，可知是被他的思想影响，用被动语态，结构为be+done；根据句意可知是现在仍然受到影响，时态为一般现在时；故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态，注意识记含一般现在时被动语态的用法。
7．【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：孙悟空带领一群猴子对抗玉帝和他的手下。A：fights打架；B：leads带领；C：includes包括；D：forms形成；根据Monkey King及a group of monkeys，可知孙悟空带领一群猴子，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意识记fight，lead，include和form的不同用法。
8．【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这张桌子占了太多的空间。A： counts down倒计时；B： takes up占用；C： closes down关上；D： lifts up举起；根据too much room，可知是占用太多空间，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记take up的词义和用法。
9．【答案】C
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当亨利在一家餐馆工作时，一条蛇突然出现了。A： probably可能；B： quietly安静地；C： suddenly突然；D： immediately立刻；根据When Henry was working in a restaurant，可知此处指的是蛇突然出现，故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析，注意识记suddenly的用法。
10．【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：迪伦努力训练以提高他的篮球技术。根据trained hard，可知努力训练是为了提高篮球技术，用动词不定式表目的，故选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式，注意识记动词不定式作目的状语的用法。
11．【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这本书于2012年出版。A：came out出版；B：woke up醒来；C：paid for支付；D：made sense有道理；根据book，可知书是出版，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记come out的词义和用法。
12．【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词；动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这是你我之间的秘密，所以你不能告诉别人。A：mustn't不许；B：need需要；C：could能；D：should应该；根据secret，可知是不许把秘密告诉别人，故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，注意识记mustn't，need，could和should的不同用法。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：自从比尔出生以来，我就认识他了。A： since自从；B： as soon as一……就；C： until直到；D： while当……时候；根据have known，可知时态为现在完成时，since用于现在完成时，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，注意识记since，as soon as，until和while的不同用法。
14．【答案】B
【知识点】陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道这件连衣裙花了多少钱吗？根据句子成分，可知应填宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序，B选项为陈述句语序，其余选项为疑问句语序，故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记宾语从句要用陈述语序的用法。
15．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，简，周末过得怎么样？——很好。我在青岛玩得很开心。A：Good idea好主意；B：Wait a minute等一会；C：Pretty good很好；D：That's too bad那太糟了；根据I enjoyed myself in Qingdao very much.可知是周末过得很好，故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据具体的语境进行理解。
【答案】16．A；17．B；18．C；19．D；20．D；21．C；22．A；23．B；24．A；25．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了十三岁的比尔尝试帮助别人的故事，他在准备为老人的饭付钱时，发现这顿饭是免费的。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析选项意思，根据上下文内容及语法知识进行选择。
16．句意：在你开始考虑帮助别人之前，你不会成为一个真正的男人。A：think about考虑；B：depend on依靠；C：give up放弃；D：go on继续；根据前半句，你不会成为一个真正的男人，可知此处应是直到你开始考虑帮助别人，故选A。
17．句意：一天早上，他的父母给了他一些钱给他们买一些牛奶。A：lend借给；B：buy买；C：drink喝；D：borrow借入；根据gave him some money，可知给他钱买牛奶，故选B。
18．句意：在一家商店外面，他看到一个无家可归的老人，他看起来很饿。A：afraid害怕的；B：glad高兴的；C：hungry饿的；D：angry生气的；根据下文I haven't had any food for two days.可知他很饿，故选C。
19．句意：让我们去餐厅吧。A：银行；B：图书馆；C：医院；D：餐馆。根据下文Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and coffee to the old man，可知是去餐厅，restaurant餐厅，故选D。
20．句意：服务员拿走盘子和杯子后，老人说：“对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。”A：sent out发出；B：got down下来；C：gave back归还；D：took away拿走；根据上文The old man finished the meal quickly.可知吃完后服务员会把盘子拿走，故选D。
21．句意：服务员拿走盘子和杯子后，老人说：“对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。”A：excuse理由；B：advice建议；C：trouble麻烦；D：difficulty困难；根据上文比尔给老人点食物，可知老人对自己给比尔带来的麻烦感到抱歉，故选C。
22．句意：我绝不会忘记你的好意！A：never绝不；B：always总是；C：usually通常；D：sometimes有时候；根据上文比尔对老人的行为，可知老人绝不会忘记他的好意，故选A。
23．句意：比尔听到这个很高兴。A：nervous紧张的；B：pleased高兴的；C：sorry抱歉的；D：sad悲伤的；根据上文You are a very good young man.可知听到老人的夸奖，比尔会感到高兴，故选B。
24．句意：比尔和老人惊讶地得知，食物是免费的，因为那天是老板的生日，他们是那天的第一批顾客。A：in surprise惊讶地；B：as usual和往常一样；C：once again再一次；D：at first起初；根据上文Just when he wanted to pay for the meal及下文the food was free，可知他们对于食物是免费这件事会感到惊讶，故选A。
25．句意：比尔和老人惊讶地得知，食物是免费的，因为那天是老板的生日，他们是那天的第一批顾客。A：when当……时候；B：until直到；C：unless除非；D：because因为；根据下文可知是食物免费的原因，because因为，引导原因状语从句，故选D。
【答案】26．B
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．D
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了李明和陈洁给对方写的信，内容主要是关于自己的梦想。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题和推理判断题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
26．细节理解题。根据Last Monday, we talked about our dreams in the class meeting.可知他们在班会上谈论了梦想，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据李明的信中But I said that I wanted to be an English teacher.可知李明想成为一个老师，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据I hope to be a good teacher like Mr. Wu. He makes his math class interesting. 可知吴老师是数学老师，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据They think the job will sometimes be very difficult.可知陈洁的父母认为志愿者医生的工作很困难，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据This week I wrote to my Chinese teacher, Miss Liu. I asked her for some advice.可知她给刘老师写信是为了得到建议，故选D。
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．D
34．C
35．A
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了世界上很多人工作时间都很长。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
31．细节理解题。根据That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.可知日本人比法国人一年多工作513小时，故选A。
32．词义猜测题。根据下文However, many companies don't pay overtime.Their workers don't get more pay for more work.可知人们额外工作几个小时，但是得不到工资，extra额外的，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据Why do people work so many hours Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.可知一些人工作这么久是为了多赚钱，故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation a year. In Germany, they get four to six weeks， and in the United States, two weeks.可知美国人每年有两周的带薪假期，故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't have enough time to relax or to stay with their family. 可知很多人不得不工作很长时间，A正确，故选A。
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了步行是保持健康的一种锻炼方式。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、段意归纳题和主旨大意题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
36．细节理解题。根据If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you—walking.可知步行是保持健康的一种简单的活动，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.可知一个新研究表明步行和跑步一样好，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere.可知步行是一个人能做的最简单、最安全的运动之一，因为走路不需要特殊技能或设备，你可以在任何地方做，故选D。
39．段意归纳题。根据第六段开头Walking is a great exercise for beginners.并结合该段内容，可知本段主要介绍了步行的好处，故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect.可知作者主要告诉我们应该多走路，故选C。
【答案】41．G；42．E；43．D；44．A；45．C
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】对话大意：贝蒂给大明打电话询问去天津游玩的建议。
A. Why do you think so 你为什么这么认为？
B. What's the weather like in Tianjin 天津的天气怎么样？
C. What can I do there 我能在那里做什么？
D. When is the best time to visit Tianjin 什么时候去天津最好？
E. Is it very hot in summer 夏天很热吗？
F. Could you go sightseeing with me 你能和我一起去观光吗？
G. Certainly.当然。
【点评】考查补全对话，注意先理解对话大意，再分析选项，根据上下文内容进行选择。
41．根据上文Can you give me some suggestions 可知应回答当然可以，故选G。
42．根据下文Yes, you are right. It's usually very hot in summer.可知上文是问夏天热吗，故选E。
43．根据下文I think you'd better come in October.可知上文是问什么时候来最好，故选D。
44．根据下文Because the weather starts to get cooler and the trees start to change color.可知上文是问对方为什么这么想，故选A。
45．根据下文You can visit many places of interest here, such as…可知上文是问能在那里做什么，故选C。
46．【答案】in；pieces
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“摔碎的”，摔碎的，in pieces，固定搭配，故填in，pieces。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记in pieces的用法。
47．【答案】pointed；out
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“指出”，指出，point out，固定搭配，根据just now刚才，可知时态为一般过去时，故填pointed，out。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记point out的用法以及根据时间状语确定句子的时态。
48．【答案】turn；off
【知识点】汉译英；表示肯定的祈使句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“关上”，关上，turn off，固定搭配，please后加动词原形，故填turn，off。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记turn off的用法以及please后要用动词原形。
49．【答案】making；friends
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“交朋友”，交朋友，make friends，固定搭配，like doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填making，friends。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记make friends和like doing sth的用法。
50．【答案】as；well
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“也”，根据句子结构可知应填副词短语，也，as well，固定搭配，用于句尾，故填as well。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记as well的词义和用法。
【答案】51．study adaptations
52．follow his interest in science
53．make maps of the places they visited
54．five years
55．how some animals have adaptations
【知识点】任务型阅读；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了科学家查尔斯·达尔文。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再根据题干要求进行填空。
51．根据One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (适应) was Charles Darwin.可知达尔文是研究适应的科学家，故填study adaptations。
52．根据His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.可知他的朋友鼓励他遵从他对科学的兴趣，故填follow his interest in science。
53．根据The crew' s (全体船员) task was to make maps of the places they visited.可知船员的任务是制作他们参观地的地图，故填make maps of the places they visited。
54．根据In fact, it lasted five years.可知这次航行持续了五年，故填five years。
55．根据Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.可知达尔文描述了一些动物如何通过适应帮助它们生存，故填how some animals have adaptations。
【答案】56．day；57．develop；58．ages；59．However；60．enough；61．who；62．attention；63．less；64．helpful；65．try
【知识点】短文填空；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了睡眠的重要性。
【点评】考查短文填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再根据上下文及语法知识进行填空。
56．句意：每年，世界各地都有一天庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。根据World Sleep Day. 可知此处应为day。故答案为day。
57．句意：充足的睡眠有助于身体和大脑的生长发育。根据grow，可知应填动词与之并列，“发育；生长”，develop符合文意。故答案为develop。
58．句意：不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠量。根据For students aged 10 to 17 可知，此处表示不同的年龄，应为ages。故答案为ages。
59．句意：然而，由于开学时间早，作业太多，许多学生睡眠不足。根据many students don't get enough sleep because of early school start times and too much homework，可知与上文是转折关系，However 意为“然而”，符合文意，故答案为However。
60．句意：中国青少年研究中心报告说，大约80%的中学生睡眠不足。根据本段第一句中many students don't get enough sleep可知，此处应为enough，意为“足够的”。故答案为enough。
61．句意：睡眠不足的学生成绩可能很差。此处引导定语从句，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以此处应为 who。故答案为who。
62．句意：他们在课堂上注意力不集中，在运动中表现不佳。结合首字母提示及句意，他们上课注意力不集中。pay attention 意为“注意”，符合文意。故答案为attention。
63．句意：为了解决这个问题，科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后文and more time to sleep可知，此处也应为比较级，表示更少的功课，less意为“更少”。故答案为less。
64．句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。结合首字母提示及句意，良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。“有帮助的”，helpful符合文意。故答案为helpful。
65．句意：例如，尽量每天在同一时间睡觉和起床，即使是在周末和节假日。结合首字母提示及句意，可知是尽量每天在同一时间睡觉和起床，即使是在周末和节假日。try to do sth. 意为“尽力做某事”，符合文意。所以此处应为try。故答案为try。
66．【答案】Dear David,
l hear that you are looking for an assistant. I'd like to apply for the job.
Firstly, I'm good at English, especially spoken English, so I can communicate with you without any difficulties. Secondly, I work very hard, and when l do my work, I'm careful all the time. Besides, I always offer to help teachers and try to solve problems in the right way. Last but not least, I get on well with my classmates because I enjoy helping others a lot. It could be really helpful to you as well.
In short, l believe I'm the right person you are looking for and l promise I will do the work quite well if you choose me as your assistant.
Best regards,
Lucy
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。本文要求写一封自荐信申请做外教的助理。根据所给材料，可知本文主要包括以下要点：自己的优势；工作努力认真；主动帮助老师，会用正确的方式解决问题；与同学关系融洽，乐于助人；表达自己的决心。文章时态主要为一般现在时，人称为第一人称单数。写作时注意保持语句的通顺和上下文的连贯。
【点评】这篇文章表达准确、内容丰富、结构清晰，恰当地运用了连词、副词、固定搭配等。固定搭配如下：would like to；apply for；communicate with；all the time；offer to do；get on well with；as well；in short等。高分句型：I'd like to apply for the job；Besides, I always offer to help teachers and try to solve problems in the right way；Last but not least, I get on well with my classmates because I enjoy helping others a lot；In short, l believe I'm the right person you are looking for and l promise I will do the work quite well if you choose me as your assistant.
1 / 1天津西青区2021年初中毕业生英语学业考试调查试卷(一)
一、单项填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分)
1．（2021·西青模拟）He took __________________ name Mark Twain and became very famous in __________________ 1860s.
A．an; the B．a; the C．the; the D．a; the
【答案】C
【知识点】用于时间、年代、传统节日前；表示特指
【解析】【分析】句意：他取名马克·吐温，在19世纪60年代变得非常有名。根据Mark Twain，可知是特指“马克·吐温”这个名字，用定冠词the表特指；in the 1860s，在19世纪60年代，固定短语，故选C。
【点评】考查定冠词，注意识记定冠词the的用法。
2．（2021·西青模拟）— Are these crayons __________________
— Yes, they are.
A．you B．your C．yours D．their
【答案】C
【知识点】名词性物主代词
【解析】【分析】句意：——这些蜡笔是你的吗？——是的，它们是。A：you你，人称代词主格或宾格；B：your你的，形容词性物主代词；C：yours你的，名词性物主代词；D：their他们的，形容词性物主代词。空格后没有名词，因此要用名词性物主代词，故选C。
【点评】考查名词性物主代词，注意识记名词性物主代词yours的用法。
3．（2021·西青模拟）I live in Beijing now, but I __________________ in Shanghai three years ago.
A．lived B．will live C．live D．have lived
【答案】A
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：我现在住在北京，但三年前我住在上海。根据three years ago三年前，可知时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式lived，故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时，注意根据语境确定时态以及动词的变化。
4．（2021·西青模拟）She has good __________________, and she goes to work even after getting married.
A．experiment B．education C．expression D．exercise
【答案】B
【知识点】名词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：她受过良好的教育，甚至结婚后都去上班。A：experiment实验；B：education教育；C：expression表达；D：exercise锻炼；根据goes to work，可知去上班与受到好的教育有关，故选B。
【点评】考查名词辨析，注意理解选项词义，理解句意。
5．（2021·西青模拟）I like collecting old stamps because they are __________________.
A．simple B．valuable C．impossible D．natural
【答案】B
【知识点】形容词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：我喜欢收集旧邮票，因为它们很珍贵。A：simple简单的；B：valuable珍贵的；C：impossible不可能的；D：natural自然的；根据old stamps，可知旧邮票是珍贵的，故选B。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，注意识记valuable的词义和用法。
6．（2021·西青模拟）Though Confucius has been dead for such a long time, we __________________ still __________________ by his ideas.
A．were; influenced B．have; been influenced
C．are; influenced D．will; be influenced
【答案】C
【知识点】一般现在时的被动语态
【解析】【分析】句意：虽然孔子已经死了这么长时间，但我们仍然受到他的思想的影响。根据by his ideas，可知是被他的思想影响，用被动语态，结构为be+done；根据句意可知是现在仍然受到影响，时态为一般现在时；故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态，注意识记含一般现在时被动语态的用法。
7．（2021·西青模拟）Monkey King ___________________ a group of monkeys against the Emperor of Heaven and his men.
A．fights B．leads C．includes D．forms
【答案】B
【知识点】动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：孙悟空带领一群猴子对抗玉帝和他的手下。A：fights打架；B：leads带领；C：includes包括；D：forms形成；根据Monkey King及a group of monkeys，可知孙悟空带领一群猴子，故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析，注意识记fight，lead，include和form的不同用法。
8．（2021·西青模拟）This desk __________________ too much room.
A．counts down B．takes up C．closes down D．lifts up
【答案】B
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这张桌子占了太多的空间。A： counts down倒计时；B： takes up占用；C： closes down关上；D： lifts up举起；根据too much room，可知是占用太多空间，故选B。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记take up的词义和用法。
9．（2021·西青模拟）When Henry was working in a restaurant, a snake __________________ appeared.
A．probably B．quietly C．suddenly D．immediately
【答案】C
【知识点】副词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：当亨利在一家餐馆工作时，一条蛇突然出现了。A： probably可能；B： quietly安静地；C： suddenly突然；D： immediately立刻；根据When Henry was working in a restaurant，可知此处指的是蛇突然出现，故选C。
【点评】考查副词辨析，注意识记suddenly的用法。
10．（2021·西青模拟）Dylan trained hard __________________ his basketball skills.
A．to improve B．improving C．improves D．improved
【答案】A
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：迪伦努力训练以提高他的篮球技术。根据trained hard，可知努力训练是为了提高篮球技术，用动词不定式表目的，故选A。
【点评】考查动词不定式，注意识记动词不定式作目的状语的用法。
11．（2021·西青模拟）This book __________________ as a book in 2012.
A．came out B．woke up C．paid for D．made sense
【答案】A
【知识点】短语辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这本书于2012年出版。A：came out出版；B：woke up醒来；C：paid for支付；D：made sense有道理；根据book，可知书是出版，故选A。
【点评】考查短语辨析，注意识记come out的词义和用法。
12．（2021·西青模拟）It's a secret between you and me, so you __________________ tell it to others.
A．mustn't B．need C．could D．should
【答案】A
【知识点】情态动词；动词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：这是你我之间的秘密，所以你不能告诉别人。A：mustn't不许；B：need需要；C：could能；D：should应该；根据secret，可知是不许把秘密告诉别人，故选A。
【点评】考查情态动词辨析，注意识记mustn't，need，could和should的不同用法。
13．（2021·西青模拟）I have known Bill __________________ he was born.
A．since B．as soon as C．until D．while
【答案】A
【知识点】连词辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：自从比尔出生以来，我就认识他了。A： since自从；B： as soon as一……就；C： until直到；D： while当……时候；根据have known，可知时态为现在完成时，since用于现在完成时，故选A。
【点评】考查连词辨析，注意识记since，as soon as，until和while的不同用法。
14．（2021·西青模拟）Do you know __________________
A．where can we go B．how much the dress costs
C．what is he preparing for D．why was he angry
【答案】B
【知识点】陈述语序
【解析】【分析】句意：你知道这件连衣裙花了多少钱吗？根据句子成分，可知应填宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序，B选项为陈述句语序，其余选项为疑问句语序，故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句，注意识记宾语从句要用陈述语序的用法。
15．（2021·西青模拟）— Hi, Jane, how was your weekend
— __________________. I enjoyed myself in Qingdao very much.
A．Good idea B．Wait a minute
C．Pretty good D．That's too bad
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际
【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，简，周末过得怎么样？——很好。我在青岛玩得很开心。A：Good idea好主意；B：Wait a minute等一会；C：Pretty good很好；D：That's too bad那太糟了；根据I enjoyed myself in Qingdao very much.可知是周末过得很好，故选C。
【点评】考查情景交际，注意根据具体的语境进行理解。
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
（2021·西青模拟）完形填空
Bill, a thirteen-year-old boy, thought he had grown up to be a man.
But his parents told him, "You won't be a real man until you begin to 16． helping others."
One morning, his parents gave him some money to 17． some milk for them. Outside a shop he
saw a homeless old man who looked very 18． . Bill went to him and asked, "What's
wrong with you " "The old man answered, "I'm hungry. I haven't
had any food for two days."
By thinking of his parents' words，Bill said
to the old man, "Let's go to the 19． ."
When they got there, Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and
coffee to the old man. The old man finished the meal quickly. After the waiter 20． the plate and the cup, the old man said,
"Sorry for giving you so much 21． .
I'm fine now. I'll 22． forget
your kindness! You are a very good young man." Bill was 23． when he heard this. Just when he wanted
to pay for the meal, the waiter came. Bill and the old man learned 24． that the food was free 25． it was the birthday of the boss, and
they were the first customers(顾客)that day.
16．A．think about B．depend on C．give up D．go on
17．A．lend B．buy C．drink D．borrow
18．A．afraid B．glad C．hungry D．angry
19．A．bank B．library C．hospital D．restaurant
20．A．sent out B．got down C．gave back D．took away
21．A．excuse B．advice C．trouble D．difficulty
22．A．never B．always C．usually D．sometimes
23．A．nervous B．pleased C．sorry D．sad
24．A．in surprise B．as usual C．once again D．at first
25．A．when B．until C．unless D．because
【答案】16．A；17．B；18．C；19．D；20．D；21．C；22．A；23．B；24．A；25．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了十三岁的比尔尝试帮助别人的故事，他在准备为老人的饭付钱时，发现这顿饭是免费的。
【点评】考查完形填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析选项意思，根据上下文内容及语法知识进行选择。
16．句意：在你开始考虑帮助别人之前，你不会成为一个真正的男人。A：think about考虑；B：depend on依靠；C：give up放弃；D：go on继续；根据前半句，你不会成为一个真正的男人，可知此处应是直到你开始考虑帮助别人，故选A。
17．句意：一天早上，他的父母给了他一些钱给他们买一些牛奶。A：lend借给；B：buy买；C：drink喝；D：borrow借入；根据gave him some money，可知给他钱买牛奶，故选B。
18．句意：在一家商店外面，他看到一个无家可归的老人，他看起来很饿。A：afraid害怕的；B：glad高兴的；C：hungry饿的；D：angry生气的；根据下文I haven't had any food for two days.可知他很饿，故选C。
19．句意：让我们去餐厅吧。A：银行；B：图书馆；C：医院；D：餐馆。根据下文Bill asked the waiter to bring out bread and coffee to the old man，可知是去餐厅，restaurant餐厅，故选D。
20．句意：服务员拿走盘子和杯子后，老人说：“对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。”A：sent out发出；B：got down下来；C：gave back归还；D：took away拿走；根据上文The old man finished the meal quickly.可知吃完后服务员会把盘子拿走，故选D。
21．句意：服务员拿走盘子和杯子后，老人说：“对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。”A：excuse理由；B：advice建议；C：trouble麻烦；D：difficulty困难；根据上文比尔给老人点食物，可知老人对自己给比尔带来的麻烦感到抱歉，故选C。
22．句意：我绝不会忘记你的好意！A：never绝不；B：always总是；C：usually通常；D：sometimes有时候；根据上文比尔对老人的行为，可知老人绝不会忘记他的好意，故选A。
23．句意：比尔听到这个很高兴。A：nervous紧张的；B：pleased高兴的；C：sorry抱歉的；D：sad悲伤的；根据上文You are a very good young man.可知听到老人的夸奖，比尔会感到高兴，故选B。
24．句意：比尔和老人惊讶地得知，食物是免费的，因为那天是老板的生日，他们是那天的第一批顾客。A：in surprise惊讶地；B：as usual和往常一样；C：once again再一次；D：at first起初；根据上文Just when he wanted to pay for the meal及下文the food was free，可知他们对于食物是免费这件事会感到惊讶，故选A。
25．句意：比尔和老人惊讶地得知，食物是免费的，因为那天是老板的生日，他们是那天的第一批顾客。A：when当……时候；B：until直到；C：unless除非；D：because因为；根据下文可知是食物免费的原因，because因为，引导原因状语从句，故选D。
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题⒉分，共30分）
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Dear Chen Jie,
How is it going Last Monday, we talked about our dreams in the
class meeting. Some students didn't know what they wanted to be in the future.
But I said that I wanted to be an English teacher. I hope to be a good teacher
like Mr. Wu. He makes his math class interesting. He often tells us to work hard
and try our best to achieve our dreams.
What are you going to be when you grow up
Yours,
Li Ming
Dear Li Ming,
Thanks for your letter. My dream is to be a voluntary(志愿的)doctor. But my parents don't agree with me. They think the job will
sometimes be very difficult. This week I wrote to my Chinese teacher, Miss Liu.
I asked her for some advice. She said that a good doctor could help more people
and she told 8me not to give up my dream. Now, I'm sure of my dream job and
maybe I will go to work in a poor place one day, but I will always be your
friend!
Love,
Chen Jie,
26．What did Li Ming and his classmates talk about in the class meeting
A．Their teachers. B．Their dreams.
C．Their parents. D．Their friends.
27．Who wants to be a teacher
A．Chen Jie. B．Li Ming. C．Mr. Wu. D．Miss Liu.
28．What subject does Mr. Wu teach
A．Chinese. B．English. C．Math. D．P.E.
29．What do Chen Jie's parents think of the job of a voluntary doctor
A．Very difficult. B．Very easy.
C．Very interesting. D．Very boring.
30．Chen Jie wrote a letter to Miss Liu because he wanted ______________________.
A．to give up his dream B．to be poor
C．to make friends with Miss Liu D．to get some advice
【答案】26．B
27．B
28．C
29．A
30．D
【知识点】日常生活类；应用文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了李明和陈洁给对方写的信，内容主要是关于自己的梦想。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题和推理判断题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
26．细节理解题。根据Last Monday, we talked about our dreams in the class meeting.可知他们在班会上谈论了梦想，故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据李明的信中But I said that I wanted to be an English teacher.可知李明想成为一个老师，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据I hope to be a good teacher like Mr. Wu. He makes his math class interesting. 可知吴老师是数学老师，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据They think the job will sometimes be very difficult.可知陈洁的父母认为志愿者医生的工作很困难，故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据This week I wrote to my Chinese teacher, Miss Liu. I asked her for some advice.可知她给刘老师写信是为了得到建议，故选D。
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't
have enough time to relax or to stay with their family.
Work hours are different from one country to another. In France,
people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work. In Japan, however, people work
about 2,159 hours a year. That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a
year than a French worker.
Why do people work so many hours Some people work extra hours
because they want to make more money. However, many companies don't pay
overtime. Their workers don't get more pay for more work. Some people think it's
their duty to work more hours. Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they
don't work more hours.
Many people say that their vacations are too short. In France, people
get five weeks of paid vacation a year. In Germany, they get four to six weeks， and in the United States, two weeks. One study shows fewer than
half of workers used all their vacation days. In Great Britain, there is a
saying, "All work and no play makes Jack a dull (迟钝的) boy. "If that is true, there must be a lot of dull people in
the world.
31．A Japanese worker works ___________________ more hours a year than a French one.
A．513 B．1,646 C．2,159 D．3,805
32．The word "extra" in Paragraph 3 means ___________________.
A．正常的 B．额外的 C．有用的 D．少量的
33．Some people work so many hours because ___________________.
A．they are not afraid of losing their jobs.
B．they don't think it's their duty.
C．they have other jobs to do.
D．they want to make more money.
34．People in ___________________ get two weeks of paid vacation a year.
A．France B．Germany
C．the United States D．Great Britain
35．What can we infer(推断）from the passage
A．Many workers have to work long hours.
B．Many people have vacations long enough.
C．Work hours are the same around the world.
D．There are a lot of dull people in the world.
【答案】31．A
32．B
33．D
34．C
35．A
【知识点】社会现象类；议论文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了世界上很多人工作时间都很长。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
31．细节理解题。根据That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.可知日本人比法国人一年多工作513小时，故选A。
32．词义猜测题。根据下文However, many companies don't pay overtime.Their workers don't get more pay for more work.可知人们额外工作几个小时，但是得不到工资，extra额外的，故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据Why do people work so many hours Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.可知一些人工作这么久是为了多赚钱，故选D。
34．细节理解题。根据In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation a year. In Germany, they get four to six weeks， and in the United States, two weeks.可知美国人每年有两周的带薪假期，故选C。
35．推理判断题。根据第一段Many people say that they are working too many hours. They don't have enough time to relax or to stay with their family. 可知很多人不得不工作很长时间，A正确，故选A。
（2021·西青模拟）阅读理解
Walking
If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you—walking.
You may think that simply taking a walk is not enough to make a big difference. You may think that you need to do something like running to stay healthy.
Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.
Running is high-impact (高强度的) activity and can be hard on the body. So, many people cannot run. Walking seems to have all of the advantages and none of the disadvantages of running.
Dr Russell Pate is a professor of exercise science at the Arnold School of Public Health at the University of South Carolina. He says, "Walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises a person can do. You do not need to learn a lot to get results."
Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere. It fits easily into your daily schedule(日程表).You can walk at work. You can walk if you want to go shopping. You can take the stairs instead of the lift.
Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect. You can do a little at a time, or as we like to say, take baby steps.
36．If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, one easy activity for you is ___________________.
A．swimming B．walking C．skating D．shopping
37．A new study shows ___________________.
A．running is better than walking
B．walking is the best way of exercising
C．walking is as good as running
D．walking and running are not good enough
38．Why does Dr Russell Pate say walking is one of the easiest and safest exercises person can do
A．Because walking is a high-impact activity and can be easy on the body.
B．Because walking needs skills.
C．Because running has more advantages than walking.
D．Because walking needs no special skills or equipment, and we can do it anywhere.
39．What is the sixth paragraph talking about
A．The advantages of walking B．The results of walking
C．The impact of walking D．The disadvantages of walking
40．What is the author's purpose of writing this passage
A．To tell people that walking is a waste of time
B．To tell people that they don't need to run any more.
C．To tell people that they should walk more.
D．To tell people that they shouldn't walk more.
【答案】36．B
37．C
38．D
39．A
40．C
【知识点】医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了步行是保持健康的一种锻炼方式。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、段意归纳题和主旨大意题。注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干和选项，到文章找到相关内容并进行理解和判断。
36．细节理解题。根据If you want to get healthy or stay healthy, there is one easy activity for you—walking.可知步行是保持健康的一种简单的活动，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据Well, a new study says that is not true. It finds out that walking may be as good for us as running.可知一个新研究表明步行和跑步一样好，故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据Walking needs no special skills or equipment. You can do it anywhere.可知步行是一个人能做的最简单、最安全的运动之一，因为走路不需要特殊技能或设备，你可以在任何地方做，故选D。
39．段意归纳题。根据第六段开头Walking is a great exercise for beginners.并结合该段内容，可知本段主要介绍了步行的好处，故选A。
40．主旨大意题。根据最后一段Walking is a great exercise for beginners. If you are out of shape or getting back into shape after an illness or accident, walking is perfect.可知作者主要告诉我们应该多走路，故选C。
四、补全对话(本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)
（2021·西青模拟）根据对话内容，从方框内选择恰当的句子将对话补充完整（选项中有两项是多余的)
A. Why do you
think so B. What's the
weather like in Tianjin C. What can I
do there D. When is the
best time to visit Tianjin E. Is it very
hot in summer F. Could you
go sightseeing with me G. Certainly.
(Betty is talking with her friend Daming on
the phone.)
Daming: Hello, this is Daming. Who's that
Betty: This is Betty. I want to visit your
hometown--Tianjin. Can you give me some suggestions
Daming: 　41． 　
What do you want to know
Betty: 　42． 　
Daming: Yes, you are right. It's usually
very hot in summer.
Betty: 　43． 　
Daming: I think you'd better come in
October.
Betty: 　44． 　
Daming: Because the weather starts to get
cooler and the trees start to change color.
Betty: 　45． 　
Daming: You can visit many places of
interest here, such as Tianjin Ancient Culture Street and you can also try some
traditional Chinese food.
Betty: I'm looking forward to visiting
Tianjin. Thank you for your suggestions. Bye-bye.
Daming: Bye-bye. Hope to see you soon.
【答案】41．G；42．E；43．D；44．A；45．C
【知识点】补全对话
【解析】【分析】对话大意：贝蒂给大明打电话询问去天津游玩的建议。
A. Why do you think so 你为什么这么认为？
B. What's the weather like in Tianjin 天津的天气怎么样？
C. What can I do there 我能在那里做什么？
D. When is the best time to visit Tianjin 什么时候去天津最好？
E. Is it very hot in summer 夏天很热吗？
F. Could you go sightseeing with me 你能和我一起去观光吗？
G. Certainly.当然。
【点评】考查补全对话，注意先理解对话大意，再分析选项，根据上下文内容进行选择。
41．根据上文Can you give me some suggestions 可知应回答当然可以，故选G。
42．根据下文Yes, you are right. It's usually very hot in summer.可知上文是问夏天热吗，故选E。
43．根据下文I think you'd better come in October.可知上文是问什么时候来最好，故选D。
44．根据下文Because the weather starts to get cooler and the trees start to change color.可知上文是问对方为什么这么想，故选A。
45．根据下文You can visit many places of interest here, such as…可知上文是问能在那里做什么，故选C。
五、完成句子。根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。(本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分)
46．（2021·西青模拟）我的碗里什么也没有，椅子也摔碎了。
There is nothing in my bowl and the chair
was also 　 　　 　.
【答案】in；pieces
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“摔碎的”，摔碎的，in pieces，固定搭配，故填in，pieces。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记in pieces的用法。
47．（2021·西青模拟）老师刚才耐心地指出我的错误并让我改正。
My teacher 　 　　 　 my mistake patiently just now and asked me to correct it.
【答案】pointed；out
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“指出”，指出，point out，固定搭配，根据just now刚才，可知时态为一般过去时，故填pointed，out。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记point out的用法以及根据时间状语确定句子的时态。
48．（2021·西青模拟）出门之前请把灯关灯。
Please 　 　　 　 the lights before leaving the room.
【答案】turn；off
【知识点】汉译英；表示肯定的祈使句；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“关上”，关上，turn off，固定搭配，please后加动词原形，故填turn，off。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记turn off的用法以及please后要用动词原形。
49．（2021·西青模拟）我的小妹妹喜欢交朋友。
My younger sister likes 　 　　 　.
【答案】making；friends
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“交朋友”，交朋友，make friends，固定搭配，like doing sth，喜欢做某事，故填making，friends。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记make friends和like doing sth的用法。
50．（2021·西青模拟）我喜欢熊猫，也喜欢大象。
I like pandas, and I like elephants
　 　　 　.
【答案】as；well
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配
【解析】【分析】根据中英文对照，可知缺少成分“也”，根据句子结构可知应填副词短语，也，as well，固定搭配，用于句尾，故填as well。
【点评】考查汉译英，注意识记as well的词义和用法。
六、任务型阅读（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)
（2021·西青模拟）任务型阅读
Charles
Darwin
One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (适应) was Charles Darwin. He was born in England in 1809.He wasn't the
best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a
medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(观察) nature more than attending medical classes. He dropped out (退学) without graduating.
Next, Charles's father sent him to school to become a minister (牧师). This time he made it to graduation. But he didn't want to do the
work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in
science.
After graduation, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an
unpaid (无薪) scientist. He wasn't the first choice, but
he was the lucky one to go. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then
around the world. The crew' s (全体船员) task was to make
maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831, Charles Darwin sailed from England on the
Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five years.
During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and
animals and took them back to England to study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published an important scientific
paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have
adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwin's ideas about adaptations are still very important to the
study of living things.
51．Charles Darwin
was one of the most famous scientists to 　 　.
52．Charles didn't
want to do the work of a minister(牧师), His friends
encouraged him to 　 　.
53．The crew' s (全体船员) task was to 　 　.
54．In fact, the
trip sailing from England on the Beagle lasted 　 　.
55．Darwin described
　 　 that help them survive in an important scientific paper.
【答案】51．study adaptations
52．follow his interest in science
53．make maps of the places they visited
54．five years
55．how some animals have adaptations
【知识点】任务型阅读；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了科学家查尔斯·达尔文。
【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再根据题干要求进行填空。
51．根据One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations (适应) was Charles Darwin.可知达尔文是研究适应的科学家，故填study adaptations。
52．根据His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.可知他的朋友鼓励他遵从他对科学的兴趣，故填follow his interest in science。
53．根据The crew' s (全体船员) task was to make maps of the places they visited.可知船员的任务是制作他们参观地的地图，故填make maps of the places they visited。
54．根据In fact, it lasted five years.可知这次航行持续了五年，故填five years。
55．根据Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive.可知达尔文描述了一些动物如何通过适应帮助它们生存，故填how some animals have adaptations。
七、综合填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)
（2021·西青模拟）综合填空
People spend almost a third of their lives doing one thing:
sleeping. Every year，there is ad 　56． 　
for people around the world to celebrate the importance of good and healthy
sleep –World Sleep Day.
Sleep is like food for the brain (大脑). A
good amount of sleep helps the body and brain grow and 　57． 　.
People of different a 　58． 　 need different amounts of
sleep. According to the National Sleep Foundation in the US, adults (成年人) need seven to nine hours of sleep every night. For students aged
10 to 17, a healthy amount is about eight to nine per night.
H 　59． 　，many students don't
get enough sleep because of early school start times and too much homework. The
China Youth and Children Research Center（中国青少年研究中心)reported
that about 80 percent of middle school students don't get e 　60． 　
sleep.
A lack(缺乏) of sleep can greatly affect(影响) a person's life. Students w 　61． 　 don't get enough
sleep may get poor grades. They can't pay a 　62． 　 in class or do
well in sports.
To solve this problem, scientists advise
that students should have I 　63． 　 schoolwork and more time to
sleep，such as taking a 20-minute nap(午睡) during the day. Good sleep habits are also h 　64． 　. For
example, t 　65． 　 to go to sleep and wake up at the same time
every day, even on weekends and during holidays.
【答案】56．day；57．develop；58．ages；59．However；60．enough；61．who；62．attention；63．less；64．helpful；65．try
【知识点】短文填空；医疗保健类；说明文
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了睡眠的重要性。
【点评】考查短文填空，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再根据上下文及语法知识进行填空。
56．句意：每年，世界各地都有一天庆祝良好健康睡眠的重要性——世界睡眠日。根据World Sleep Day. 可知此处应为day。故答案为day。
57．句意：充足的睡眠有助于身体和大脑的生长发育。根据grow，可知应填动词与之并列，“发育；生长”，develop符合文意。故答案为develop。
58．句意：不同年龄的人需要不同的睡眠量。根据For students aged 10 to 17 可知，此处表示不同的年龄，应为ages。故答案为ages。
59．句意：然而，由于开学时间早，作业太多，许多学生睡眠不足。根据many students don't get enough sleep because of early school start times and too much homework，可知与上文是转折关系，However 意为“然而”，符合文意，故答案为However。
60．句意：中国青少年研究中心报告说，大约80%的中学生睡眠不足。根据本段第一句中many students don't get enough sleep可知，此处应为enough，意为“足够的”。故答案为enough。
61．句意：睡眠不足的学生成绩可能很差。此处引导定语从句，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以此处应为 who。故答案为who。
62．句意：他们在课堂上注意力不集中，在运动中表现不佳。结合首字母提示及句意，他们上课注意力不集中。pay attention 意为“注意”，符合文意。故答案为attention。
63．句意：为了解决这个问题，科学家建议学生应该少做功课，多睡觉。根据后文and more time to sleep可知，此处也应为比较级，表示更少的功课，less意为“更少”。故答案为less。
64．句意：良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。结合首字母提示及句意，良好的睡眠习惯也很有帮助。“有帮助的”，helpful符合文意。故答案为helpful。
65．句意：例如，尽量每天在同一时间睡觉和起床，即使是在周末和节假日。结合首字母提示及句意，可知是尽量每天在同一时间睡觉和起床，即使是在周末和节假日。try to do sth. 意为“尽力做某事”，符合文意。所以此处应为try。故答案为try。
八、书面表达(本大题共15分)
66．（2021·西青模拟）外教David 想选择一位同学做助理(assistant)，假如你是Lucy很想做David 的助理。请根据以下要点写一封自荐信申请这一工作。
1）英语很好，可以和外教流畅地交流；
2）工作努力，认真对待每一件事；
3）主动帮助老师，会用正确的方式解决问题；
4）与同学关系融洽，乐于助人。
5）我相信……
注意：1）词数:80-100词，短文的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2）短文需包括表中所有要点，内容可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
3）参考词汇：申请apply for
Dear David,
I hear that you are looking for an assistant,
……
Best
regards,
Lucy
【答案】Dear David,
l hear that you are looking for an assistant. I'd like to apply for the job.
Firstly, I'm good at English, especially spoken English, so I can communicate with you without any difficulties. Secondly, I work very hard, and when l do my work, I'm careful all the time. Besides, I always offer to help teachers and try to solve problems in the right way. Last but not least, I get on well with my classmates because I enjoy helping others a lot. It could be really helpful to you as well.
In short, l believe I'm the right person you are looking for and l promise I will do the work quite well if you choose me as your assistant.
Best regards,
Lucy
【知识点】应用文写作
【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。本文要求写一封自荐信申请做外教的助理。根据所给材料，可知本文主要包括以下要点：自己的优势；工作努力认真；主动帮助老师，会用正确的方式解决问题；与同学关系融洽，乐于助人；表达自己的决心。文章时态主要为一般现在时，人称为第一人称单数。写作时注意保持语句的通顺和上下文的连贯。
【点评】这篇文章表达准确、内容丰富、结构清晰，恰当地运用了连词、副词、固定搭配等。固定搭配如下：would like to；apply for；communicate with；all the time；offer to do；get on well with；as well；in short等。高分句型：I'd like to apply for the job；Besides, I always offer to help teachers and try to solve problems in the right way；Last but not least, I get on well with my classmates because I enjoy helping others a lot；In short, l believe I'm the right person you are looking for and l promise I will do the work quite well if you choose me as your assistant.
1 / 1

展开更多......

收起↑