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2021年高考英语语法精炼 现在分词的完成式
一．选择题（共33小题）
1．That day，she got to the campus earlier，________ the 6：15 subway from Panyu Square.（　　）
A．caught B．to have caught
C．to catch D．having caught
2．_______ another hit in his business， Mr. Green hasn't got the courage to try again.（　　）
A．Suffering B．Being suffered
C．Suffered D．Having suffered
3．﹣ Can you recognize Tom？
﹣ ______ him before， I do not know what he looked like．（　　）
A．Not having seen B．Having not seen
C．Not to have seen D．To have not seen
4．______ many failures， I have the courage to meet all challenges．（　　）
A．To experience B．Having experienced
C．Experienced D．Experiencing
5．______ that he didn't pass the exam， he felt extremely sad．（　　）
A．Telling B．Having told
C．To be told D．Having been told
6．__________ in the well for five days，the child finally was rescued.（　　）
A．Trapped B．Being trapped
C．To be trapped D．Having been trapped
7．______ in the queue for half an hour， the old man suddenly realized he had left the mobile phone in the car．（　　）
A．To wait B．To be waiting
C．Having waited D．To have waited
8．The decision ________， what is to be done now is how to carry it out．（　　）
A．is made B．has been made
C．having been made D．having made
9．________from the HR department，old Ben makes an attempt to work as an trainee in a fashion shopping website．（　　）
A．Retired B．Retiring
C．Having retired D．To retire
10．To our great joy， the problem， _________for a number of years， has been settled recently．（　　）
A．having discussed
B．being discussed
C．having been discussed
D．to be discussed
11．________ the difficult maths problem，she felt relieved.（　　）
A．Work out B．Worked out
C．To work out D．Having worked out
12．_________ deserts for many years， I am still amazed at their beauty．（　　）
A．To study B．Having studied
C．Studying D．Studied
13．Floyd，a 46﹣year﹣old black man，died hopelessly，______against the floor by a policeman for nine minutes， which gave rise to protests throughout the USA．（　　）
A．having pinned B．to be pinned
C．pinning D．having been pinned
14．______ some users of the smart watches for two years， they draw a conclusion that it is necessary to renew the software．（　　）
A．Following B．To follow
C．Followed D．Having followed
15．__________a few activities successfully， Jackson becomes much more confident about himself and determines to be a host．（　　）
A．Organising B．Having organised
C．Organised D．To organise
16．______ as chairman of Alibaba， Jack Ma is helping build a credit system for small businesses．（　　）
A．To resign B．Resigned
C．Resigning D．Having resigned
17．The manager found his computer running smoothly， quite a lot of useless files and waste．（　　）
A．to clear B．having cleared
C．clearing D．cleared
18． his homework， he went out to play happily．（　　）
A．Having finished B．Finished
C．To finish D．Finishing
19． approximately 500 human infectious diseases from the past century， scientists found that the emergence of new viruses tended to happen where a dense population had been changing the landscape．（　　）
A．Having analyzed B．To analyze
C．Analyzed D．Being analyzed
20．Two team members ________， we took over their work and stayed up late to complete the program．（　　）
A．sent away
B．being sent away
C．to be sent away
D．having been sent away
21．___________its tests successfully， the driverless car will appear on the market soon．（　　）
A．Undergoing B．Undergone
C．To undergo D．Having undergone
22．________ the doors were closed， and ________ all the lights were off， the boy opened the door to his bedroom．（　　）
A．Having checked； that B．Having checked； /
C．Checking； where D．To check； that
23．______ diverse Chinese culture and customs， Albert returned to Britain last week， excited and pleased．（　　）
A．Experienced B．Having experienced
C．To experience D．Experiencing
24．The doctor， ________ in the hospital for 10 years， is on the way back to his motherland．（　　）
A．had worked B．works
C．having worked D．working
25．________ his homework， he went to play football．（　　）
A．Finishing B．Having finished
C．To finish D．Finished
26．___________to escape many times， the monkey finally calmed down．（　　）
A．Being attempted B．Attempted
C．Having attempted D．Attempting
27．Not having finished his exercises，_____ to play computer games．（　　）
A．so he was forbidden B．he was forbidden
C．his mother forbade D．and he was forbidden
28．_____in the queue for half an hour，Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home．（　　）
A．To wait B．Have waited
C．Having waited D．To have waited
29．_______ himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence．（　　）
A．Equipped B．Equipping
C．Having equipped D．Being equipped
30．______ opinions on the schedule，we finally reached an agreement．（　　）
A．Having exchanged B．Exchanging
C．Exchanged D．To exchange
31．________ almost my entire professional life researching black holes， I finally came up with a better understanding of them．（　　）
A．Having spent B．Spending
C．Spent D．To spend
32．______the benefits the new scheme would bring us， we finally decided to put it into practice．（　　）
A．Weighing B．Having weighed
C．To weigh D．Weighed
33．______ with animals in his father's zoo when he was young， Pi knows how to keep them under control．（　　）
A．Growing up B．Having grown up
C．Grown up D．Being grown up
2021年高考英语语法精炼 现在分词的完成式
参考答案与试题解析
一．选择题（共33小题）
1．That day，she got to the campus earlier，________ the 6：15 subway from Panyu Square.（　　）
A．caught B．to have caught
C．to catch D．having caught
【分析】那天，她乘地铁6点15分从番禺广场出发，提前到达了校园。
【解答】句子谓语动词是got，因此横线处是非谓语动词，she和catch是主动关系，且动作产生的结果是提前到达了校园，因此用现在分词的完成式。
故选：D。
2．_______ another hit in his business， Mr. Green hasn't got the courage to try again.（　　）
A．Suffering B．Being suffered
C．Suffered D．Having suffered
【分析】格林先生的生意又受了打击，没有勇气再试一次。
【解答】分析句子可知，本句中suffer是非谓语动词与逻辑主语Mr.Green构成主动关系，故用现在分词；由于"生意遭受打击"发生在"没有勇气再试一次"之前，即suffer动作发生在谓语动词get之前，故应用现在分词的完成式，结构为"having done"。
故选：D。
3．﹣ Can you recognize Tom？
﹣ ______ him before， I do not know what he looked like．（　　）
A．Not having seen B．Having not seen
C．Not to have seen D．To have not seen
【分析】﹣﹣你能认出汤姆吗？
﹣﹣以前没见过他，我不知道他长什么样．
【解答】分析题干及选项可知，___him before在句子中作原因状语，且动词see与主语I之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式；A和B项是现在分词的完成式，其否定形式在前面加not，A项正确．
故选：A．
4．______ many failures， I have the courage to meet all challenges．（　　）
A．To experience B．Having experienced
C．Experienced D．Experiencing
【分析】失败了许多次，我有勇气迎接所有的挑战．
【解答】本题考查现在分词的完成式．根据句意和结构可知这里使用现在分词的完成式作状语，I和experience是主动关系，因为先经历了失败，然后才有勇气迎接所有的挑战，用现在分词的完成式．
故选：B。
5．______ that he didn't pass the exam， he felt extremely sad．（　　）
A．Telling B．Having told
C．To be told D．Having been told
【分析】听说他考试不及格，他感到非常难过．
【解答】答案：D 考查现在分词的完成时．分析句子可知tell的动作在felt之前，所以要用过去完成时，he和tell之间是被动关系，且两个分句之间没有连词，所以要用非谓语形式．
故选：D．
6．__________ in the well for five days，the child finally was rescued.（　　）
A．Trapped B．Being trapped
C．To be trapped D．Having been trapped
【分析】那孩子在井里困了5天后，最终被救了出来。
【解答】答案：D.child与trap之间是动宾关系，且发生在was rescued之前，要用现在分词完成被动式作时间状语。D项正确。其它选项不符合语境。
故选：D。
7．______ in the queue for half an hour， the old man suddenly realized he had left the mobile phone in the car．（　　）
A．To wait B．To be waiting
C．Having waited D．To have waited
【分析】在排队等候了半个小时后，老人突然意识到他把手机忘在车里了．
【解答】本题考查现在分词作状语．主句the old man和wait是主动关系，而且是先排队，然后才意识到，两个动作有先后顺序，用现在分词的完成式作时间状语．
故选：C。
8．The decision ________， what is to be done now is how to carry it out．（　　）
A．is made B．has been made
C．having been made D．having made
【分析】决定已经做出，接下来要做的就是如何执行它了．
【解答】本题首先确定空格处动词不作谓语．因为如果此处形成句子，逗号后还是句子，不符合句子的构成规则．两个句子要么主从句，要么并列句，因此排除A和B 选项；此处make 和the decision 形成被动关系，并且这个动作发生在后面句子之前，因此用现在分词的完成式．在这里和the decision 构成独立主格．D 选项只表完成不表被动，因此不能选．
故选：C。
9．________from the HR department，old Ben makes an attempt to work as an trainee in a fashion shopping website．（　　）
A．Retired B．Retiring
C．Having retired D．To retire
【分析】已经从人力资源部门退休了，老本尝试着在一家时尚购物网站当一名学员。
【解答】答案 C 根据题意，已经从人力资源部门退休了，老本尝试着在一家时尚购物网站当一名学员。本题考查了现在分词的完成式的用法。现在完成式的基本表达式是：having done；本题中还含有retired动词的完成时态。故选：C。
10．To our great joy， the problem， _________for a number of years， has been settled recently．（　　）
A．having discussed
B．being discussed
C．having been discussed
D．to be discussed
【分析】让我们开心的是，这个已经被讨论了几年的问题，最近已经被解决了。
【解答】C. 通过分析句子成分并翻译语境可知，句中存在谓语has been settled ，因此空中使用非谓语动词，且for a number of years是现在完成时的时间状语，同时the problem与discuss为被动关系关系，使用现在分词完成式的被动形式。
故选：C。
11．________ the difficult maths problem，she felt relieved.（　　）
A．Work out B．Worked out
C．To work out D．Having worked out
【分析】解出那道数学难题后，她松了一口气。
【解答】答案：D.因句中缺少连词，要用非谓语动词形式，排除A项；she与work out之间是主谓关系，排除B项；work out发生在felt之前，要用现在分词完成式，排除C项，只有D项正确。
故选：D。
12．_________ deserts for many years， I am still amazed at their beauty．（　　）
A．To study B．Having studied
C．Studying D．Studied
【分析】已经研究沙漠这多年了，我仍然惊奇它们的美丽．
【解答】根据时间状语for many years可知，I与study之间是主谓关系，且发生在am amazed at之前，要用现在分词完成式．B项正确．A项：动词不定式；C项：现在分词；D项；过去分词．
故选：B．
13．Floyd，a 46﹣year﹣old black man，died hopelessly，______against the floor by a policeman for nine minutes， which gave rise to protests throughout the USA．（　　）
A．having pinned B．to be pinned
C．pinning D．having been pinned
【分析】弗洛伊德，一名46岁的非裔美籍男子在绝望中死去，他被一名警察按压在地上长达九分钟，这个事件在全美引发了大型抗议活动．
【解答】根据句意可知这句话使用非谓语动词作状语．首先人是被按压的，所以用被动语态排除AC，此事件发生在过去不用 to be pinned不定式表将来，所以用having been pinned表示先被按压九分钟，然后才死． 用现在分词的完成被动形式．
故选：D．
14．______ some users of the smart watches for two years， they draw a conclusion that it is necessary to renew the software．（　　）
A．Following B．To follow
C．Followed D．Having followed
【分析】在对智能手表的一些用户进行了两年的跟踪调查后，他们得出结论：有必要更新智能手表的软件．
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这里使用现在分词的完成式作时间状语，因为they和follow是主动关系，而且是先" 对智能手表的一些用户进行了两年的跟踪调查"，然后才"得出结论"，表示先后关系，用现在分词的完成式．
故选：D．
15．__________a few activities successfully， Jackson becomes much more confident about himself and determines to be a host．（　　）
A．Organising B．Having organised
C．Organised D．To organise
【分析】在成功地组织了一些活动之后，杰克逊对自己更加自信，决心成为一名主持人．
【解答】分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是非谓语，organise和主语Jackson之间是主动关系， 根据句意可知，organise发生在主句动作之前，所以应该用现在分词的完成式．
故选：B．
16．______ as chairman of Alibaba， Jack Ma is helping build a credit system for small businesses．（　　）
A．To resign B．Resigned
C．Resigning D．Having resigned
【分析】马云辞去阿里巴巴（Alibaba）董事长职务后，正在帮助建立一个小型企业信贷体系．
【解答】根据句意和结构可知这里使用非谓语动词作状语， Jack Ma 和resign是主动关系，而且是先辞去阿里巴巴（Alibaba）董事长职务，然后才帮助建立一个小型企业信贷体系，用现在分词的完成式．
故选：D．
17．The manager found his computer running smoothly， quite a lot of useless files and waste．（　　）
A．to clear B．having cleared
C．clearing D．cleared
【分析】这个主管在清除了一些无用的文件和垃圾之后发现他的电脑运行非常流畅了．
【解答】分析题干及选项可知，___quite a lot of useless files and waste在句子中作时间状语，动词clear的含义是"清除"，与主语the manager之间为主谓关系，且"清除"这一动作发生在谓语动词found之前，应用现在分词的完成式，B项正确．A项是不定式的一般式，表示主动和将来的动作；C项是现在分词的一般式，与主语之间为主动关系；D项是过去分词，表示被动和完成的动作．只有B项符合语境．
故选：B．
18． his homework， he went out to play happily．（　　）
A．Having finished B．Finished
C．To finish D．Finishing
【分析】做完作业后，他高高兴兴地出去玩了．
【解答】分析题干及选项可知，___his homework在句子中作时间状语，动词finish与主语he之间为主动关系，且动作在谓语动词went out之前已经发生或完成，应用现在分词的完成式，A项正确．B项是过去分词，表示被动和完成；C项是不定式的一般式，表示主动和将来；D项是现在分词，和主语之间表达主动关系．只有A项符合语境．
故选：A．
19． approximately 500 human infectious diseases from the past century， scientists found that the emergence of new viruses tended to happen where a dense population had been changing the landscape．（　　）
A．Having analyzed B．To analyze
C．Analyzed D．Being analyzed
【分析】科学家们分析了过去一个世纪大约500种人类传染病，发现新病毒的出现往往发生在人口稠密使环境发生了改变的地区．
【解答】分析题干及选项可知，___ approximately 500 human infectious diseases from the past century在句子中作时间状语，动词analyze的含义是"分析"，与主语scientists之间是主谓关系，且动作发生在主句动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式，A项正确．B项是不定式的一般式，表示主动和将来的动作；C项是过去分词，表示被动和完成的动作；D项是现在分词的被动式，表示被动和正在进行的动作．只有A项符合语境．
故选：A．
20．Two team members ________， we took over their work and stayed up late to complete the program．（　　）
A．sent away
B．being sent away
C．to be sent away
D．having been sent away
【分析】两名队员被派遣出去后，我们接管了他们的工作，并熬夜完成了这个项目．
【解答】本题考查现在分词的完成式．分析句子结构可知，"Two team members ________"为独立主格结构，在句中作状语．Two team members与send away之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，谓语应用被动形式；再结合句意可知，send away这一动作发生在谓语took over和stayed up late所表示的动作之前，故此处应用现在分词的完成被动式．
故选：D．
21．___________its tests successfully， the driverless car will appear on the market soon．（　　）
A．Undergoing B．Undergone
C．To undergo D．Having undergone
【分析】经过成功的测试，无人驾驶汽车将很快上市．
【解答】考查现在分词的完成式，undergo和句子主语the driverless car 之间是主动关系，并且发生在句子谓语动词 appear 之前发生，所以用现在分词的完成式做状语．
故选：D．
22．________ the doors were closed， and ________ all the lights were off， the boy opened the door to his bedroom．（　　）
A．Having checked； that B．Having checked； /
C．Checking； where D．To check； that
【分析】检查完门关上了，所有的灯都关了，男孩打开了他的卧室的门．
【解答】答案：A．考查现在分词的完成式和宾语从句，第一个空check和句子主语之间是主动关系，并且强调check发生在句子谓语open之前，所以用现在分词的完成式做状语；排除CD，第二个空考查宾语从句，check后跟两个宾语从句，第一个省略了that，and后面为完整句子，所以也用that引导，that引导几个宾语从句时，只有第一个that可以省略．
故选：A．
23．______ diverse Chinese culture and customs， Albert returned to Britain last week， excited and pleased．（　　）
A．Experienced B．Having experienced
C．To experience D．Experiencing
【分析】经历了多元的中国文化和习俗，阿尔伯特上周回到英国，兴奋又高兴．
【解答】考查现在分词的完成时态，experience和句子主语Albert 之间是主动关系，并且强调了experience发生在句子谓语returned 之前，所以用现在分词的完成时态．
故选：B．
24．The doctor， ________ in the hospital for 10 years， is on the way back to his motherland．（　　）
A．had worked B．works
C．having worked D．working
【分析】这位在医院工作了10年的医生正在回国的路上．
【解答】本题考查现在分词的完成式．the doctor和work是主动关系，而且是先工作10年，然后才回到祖国，用现在分词的完成式．
故选：C．
25．________ his homework， he went to play football．（　　）
A．Finishing B．Having finished
C．To finish D．Finished
【分析】完成了作业，他才出去踢足球．
【解答】答案：B 考查现在分词的完成时．非谓语动词的逻辑主语he与fnish是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词，同时finish在谓语动词went动作之前发生，所以用现在分词的完成时．
故选：B．
26．___________to escape many times， the monkey finally calmed down．（　　）
A．Being attempted B．Attempted
C．Having attempted D．Attempting
【分析】猴子多次试图逃跑，终于平静下来．
【解答】分析句子结构可知，此处由many times可推断用完成时态，结合填空处与主句主语the monkey构成主动关系，用现在分词形式，可知此处用完成时态的现在分词形式，Having attempted符合题意，
故选：C．
27．Not having finished his exercises，_____ to play computer games．（　　）
A．so he was forbidden B．he was forbidden
C．his mother forbade D．and he was forbidden
【分析】由于没有做完练习，他被禁止玩电脑游戏．
【解答】答案：B．考查现在分词的完成式．空格前面为现在分词短语作状语，而不是和后面的句子并列，排除A、D；分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语应和句子的主语一致，B 项主语为he 与finish之间为主谓关系．
故选：B．
28．_____in the queue for half an hour，Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home．（　　）
A．To wait B．Have waited
C．Having waited D．To have waited
【分析】Tom 排队等了半个小时后，他突然意识到把钱包落家里了．
【解答】答案 C．
分析句子的结构可知，逗号之后为主句，逗号之前为状语，主句的主语为"Tom"与动词"wait"之间为主动关系，且动作"wait"先于"realize"发生，因此应该用现在分词的完成式，即"Having waited"，从而排除B项；A和C项表将来，从而排除；因此C项符合语境.
故选：C。
29．_______ himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence．（　　）
A．Equipped B．Equipping
C．Having equipped D．Being equipped
【分析】给自己装备了必要的知识和技能后，这个年轻人自信地前往就业市场．
【解答】答案C．
分析句子结构可知，逗号之后为主句，逗号之前为状语，主句的主语"the young man"与动词"equip"之间为主动关系，动词短语"sb equip oneself with sth 某人用某物装备/配备自己"，"equip"动作发生在谓语动词"went"之前，因此用现在分词的完成式作状语。
故选：C。
30．______ opinions on the schedule，we finally reached an agreement．（　　）
A．Having exchanged B．Exchanging
C．Exchanged D．To exchange
【分析】就日程交换了意见后，我们最终达成了一致．
【解答】答案：A
题干中exchange与主语we构成主谓关系，要用主动；句意表达的exchange动作发生在reach之前，要用完成式．
故选：A。
31．________ almost my entire professional life researching black holes， I finally came up with a better understanding of them．（　　）
A．Having spent B．Spending
C．Spent D．To spend
【分析】我花了几乎整个职业生涯研究黑洞，终于对它们有了更好的理解．
【解答】分析题干及选项可知，所填单词为非谓语动词在句子中作时间状语，动词spend的含义是"花费"，与主语I之间为主谓关系，且这一动作在谓语动词came up with之前发生或完成，应用现在分词的完成式，A项正确．B项是现在分词的一般式，和主语之间为主动关系，与谓语动词同时或几乎同时发生；C项是过去分词，与主语之间为被动关系，表达已完成的动作；D项是不定式的一般式，表示主动和将来的动作．只有A项符合语境．
故选：A．
32．______the benefits the new scheme would bring us， we finally decided to put it into practice．（　　）
A．Weighing B．Having weighed
C．To weigh D．Weighed
【分析】在权衡了新计划将给我们带来的好处后，我们最终决定付诸实施．
【解答】答案：B 考查现在分词的完成式．___the benefits the new scheme would bring us在句子中作时间状语，动词weigh（认真考虑、权衡）和句子的主语we之间为主谓关系，且动作发生在主句动作finally decided 之前，所以用现在分词的完成式．B项正确．
故选：B。
33．______ with animals in his father's zoo when he was young， Pi knows how to keep them under control．（　　）
A．Growing up B．Having grown up
C．Grown up D．Being grown up
【分析】小时候在他父亲的动物园里和动物一起长大，皮知道如何控制它们．
【解答】答案：B 考查现在分词的完成时．grow up在knows之前，所以要用现在完成时，且两个分句之间没有连词，所以要用非谓语．
故选：B．
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