资源简介

人教版九年级英语
被动语态讲解、练习及答案
主动语态和被动语态
I.英语语态 :
英语中有两种语态：主动语态与被动语态。它们是英语动词的不同形式。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（完成动作者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（动作的对象）。
1. We do our homework every day.(主动语态)
Our homework is done every day.(被动语态)
2. He opened the door just now(主动语态)
. The door was opened .by him just now (被动语态）
II. 被动语态使用：
1. 当不知道动作的执行者或没必要说出动作的执行者时，要使用被动
Football is played in the world..
The PRC was founded on October 1, 1949.
2. 强调动作的承受者时
He is criticized by his teacher..
The glass was broken by Li Ming just now.
III.主动语态变被动语态的步骤：
（1）主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语；
（2）主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构.(be +过去分词)
（3）主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由by +宾格/名词 。（当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。）
Many people speak English.
English is spoken by many people.
IV. 1. 常用时态被动语态的构成：(以 give 为例
一般现在时： am / is / are + given
一般过去时： was / were +given
一般将来时： shall / will +be+ given
现在进行时： am / is / are + being + given
现在完成时： have / has + been + given
含情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词＋be + given
2. 被动语态的疑问式：把第一个助动词提到主语之前,句尾加问号。
1. Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.
2. Can we be allowed to take fast food to school Yes, you can. No, you can’t.
3. 被动语态的否定式：在第一个助动词后加not。
1. English is not taught in our school.
2. Students shouldn’t be given too much homework every day.
V. 主动语态变被动语态三要点
“一形变”: 主宾变被主，主主变被宾，主变仆来by后跟;
主态动词变过分，助动词be之后跟
“二不变”: 主动被动时态要一致
“三注意”: 注意主态变被态后be 形选用问题
主动语态变成被动语态歌诀
主态宾，被态主。这是前提弄清楚。动词怎么变，be +过分是关键。be 形有变化，过分记住它。Be形变，仔细看，主态谓语有答案。主态被态时态同，be形要跟被主从。主态若有情、助动，被态它们也跟从，谓语动词变简单，be +过分其后站。动词有两宾，应该细区分，间宾变被主，句子无特殊，直宾变被主，间宾前有for 或 to。
VI. 被动语态的几种特殊情况
（1）双宾语：“如遇双宾语，最好变间宾；如若变直宾，间宾前加to/for” 常见加to的动词有bring, give, hand(传递), lend, pass, pay, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等； 常见加for的动词有 build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, find, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing等
e.g. My father bought me a computer.
1. A computer was bought for me by my father.
2. I was bought a computer by my father.
e.g. He gives me a book.
1. A book is given to me by him.
2. I am given a book by him
（2）无to不定式：感官、使役动词的在主动语态中后跟不带to, 的不定式,但在变为被动时去掉不定试的动词前要恢复to,这点要牢记.
e.g. We often see him play basketball.weekend.on the weekend
He is often seen to play basketball by us.on the weekend.
The landlord made his servantsn work day and night
His servants were made to work day and night by the boss.
（3）注意动词短语的完整性：有些及物动词是由动词词组组成的，在变成被动语时，不得把词组中的介词去掉，否则，就无法使用被动语态
。如 take care of/look after/ pay attention to,look forward to be ,made up of
e.g. The old should be spoken to politely.
The baby is taken good care of by the nurses.
（4）不能用被动语态
A. 有些不及物动词、词组sell, wash, read , write, open, close,
wear, happen, cost, taketake place，happen，，appear/disappear，last(持续)，die, end fail, lie, sit, spread, stand, come true, ,等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
1 An accident happened yesterday.
　 2、This book sells well.
3、The kind of cloth washes well.
4、The supermarket opens at 8:00 every day.。
5、The door won’t close/shut..
6、The door locks easily.
B. 部分及物动词或动词短语也不能用于被动语态；
have, own拥有, belong to属于, marry结婚, wish, , , arrive at / in, succeed in成功, take part in…break out (spread等
C. 系动词无被动语态： be, look, sound, feel, seem, smell, taste, turn, get, go（变）, become, fall, grow, remain, keep, stay…
e.g. It sounds good. 听起来很好。 The bread has gone bad
D. 词need, require, want, be worth后加v-ing 主动形式表示被动意义 .
My watch can't work; it needs repairing. The movie is well worth seeing.
巩固练习
1.把下列句子 变被动语态：
1. People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ___ __ _ ____ __ for cutting things by people.
2. I told her to return the book yesterday
She ____ __ ___ ____ to return the book yesterday
3. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.
He __ ____ __ _____ ___ ____ ______ _ only two meals a day by his doctor.
4. Did you plant trees last year
____ __ ____ ___ _____ __ by you last year
5. Must we finish our work today
_____ __ our work__ ____ ____ ___ today
6. The teacher asks Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _____ __ ____ ____ to turn on the computer by the teacher.
7. Women do most of the work In the factory.
Most of the work ____ ___ _____ ___ by women in this factory.
8. He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ___ ___ ____ __ ____ ___ in two days.
9. You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine ___ ____ _____ __ ______ __ three times a day.
10. Do they often talk about this question
___ ___ this question often ___ ____ about
II.句型转换. 按括号内的要求完成下列句子。9每空一词）
1. They often clean the classroom after school. (改为被动语态)
The classroom ________ often ________ by them after school.
2. They invited the astronaut and his wife to the party just now .（改为被动语态）．
The astronaut and his wife __________ ___________ to the party just now.
3．Did your PE teacher teach you Chinese kung fu at school today （改为被动语态）
________ you ________ Chinese kung fu by your PE teacher at school today
4.．We will solve the problem in two weeks. (改为被动语态)
The problem will ________ _________ by us in two weeks.
5．I've finished reading a book. The book was written by O·Henry.（合并为一句）
I've finished reading a book_________ by O·Henry.
6.．I heard a girl sing in the next room yesterday.(改为被动语态)
A girl __________ heard _________ sing in the next room.yesterday
7．All the students must pay attention to the pronunciation of each word.
（变被动句 )
Attention ________ _______ _______ to the pronunciation of each word.
8．The boss made the workers work for 12 hours a day in the past.（改为被动语态）
The workers ________ made ________ work for 12 hours a day in the past.
9．The doctor takes good care of the baby. （改为被动句）
The baby ________ ________ good care _______by the doctor.
10．Our teacher often tells us not to be silent during the reading class.(改成被动语态)
We _______often _______ not to be silent during the reading class.
11．My parents bought me a bike on my 5th birthday.(变为被动语态)
A bike ______ ______ _ ________ me by my parents on my5th birthday.
12．My ring was made inJiangxi (改为否定句)
My ring ________________ in Jiangxi.
13.．The festival is held every four years. (改为一般疑问句)
________the festival ________ every four years
14. I saw Tom walk into the room just now. （变成被动语态）
Tom was ________ ________ walk into the room just now.
15.．Jerry’s mother gave him two books yesterday. (改为被动语态）
Two books were ________ ________ Jerry yesterday.
III.选择正确答案.从每题的 A、B、C、D 中，选出能够完成句子或回答问题的最佳答案，将其序号填入题前括号内
( ) 1. The Olympic Games ___________ every four years.
A will held B were held C are holding D are hold
( ) 2. We ____________ to move to a safe place as soon ass possible
A tell B told C were told D are told
( ) 3 The old building __________ hundreds of years ago as a symbol of the city.
A built B builds C is built D was built
( ) 4 Some famous paintings ___________ in the hall next week.
A will show B were shown C is shown D will be shown
( ) 5 It’s said that 2 new schools __________ in the province in the last 3 years.
A are building B were built C have been built D will built
( ) 6 --- What a clean classroom! --- It _________ every day.
A must be sweeping B must have swept C.must is swept D must be swept
( ) 7 Children ___________ to keep away from the medicine for their safety.
A should are told B should tell C should be told D should told
(( ) 8.. She was heard ________ an English song.
A. to sing B. sing C. sang D. to be sang
( ) 9. Nobody wants__________.
A. laughed at B. laughing at C. to be laughed at D. be laughed at
( ) 10. I want to know if an English Competition _______ next month.
A. will hold B. will be held C. holds D. is held
( ) 11. The dictionary may ______ for three weeks.
A. keep B. be kept C. borrow D. be borrowed
( ) 12. Your application won't _____ until you complete the survey.
A. accept B. receive C. be accepted D. be received
( ) 13. Last March, many trees______along the streets to make our city more beautiful.
A. were planted B. were planting C. have planted D. planted
( ) 14. The students in this school are made ______ school uniforms on Mondays.
A. to wear B. wearing C. wear D. worn
( ) 15.We’re sure that the environment in our city ______ greatly in the near future.
A. improved B. was improved C. has improved D. will be improved
( ) 16.. --Does she like singing English songs
--Yes. She ___often ______ English songs in her room.
A. does,sing B. is heard, to sing C. hears,to sing D. is heard ,sing
( ) 17. People here are glad that great changes_______in the past few years.
A. have been taken place B. has been taken place
C. has taken place D. have taken place
( ) 18. If it isn’t fine tomorrow, our trip _____________
A. is canceled B. will cancel C. will be canceled D. will canceled ( ) 19..—Have you moved into the new house — Not yet. The rooms _______.
A. are painting B. have painted C. are being painted D are painted
( ) 20. As a young girl, she was made ______her brother’s clothes.
A.to wash B wash C.washing D.washes
IV. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空：
1. Kids shouldn’t __ ________ (allow) to go out at night.
2. The telephone _____ ______ (invent) by Bell many years ago.
3. The car ______ _____(make) in Germany
4. The room must ________ ____(clean) every day.
5. This kind of pen ___________ well, so it __________ well, too. (write; sell)
6. --- When _________ the organization___________ (found) --- In 2006.
7. Students can’t borrow books these days because the library ___ _______. (repair)
8. --- How long ___________ the concert _____ ______ (last) --- For half an hour.
9. Yesterday I ______ __ that the meeting would ____ until next week. (tell; put off)
10. Great changes _________ _____ in the area during the last ten years. (take place)
V. 用动词的正确语态填空
Where ___1_____ wood ______2____ (come) from It _____3_________ (take) from trees which _______4______(grow) in the mountains. _____5____ you _6___________ (know) how it _________7___ (get) to us from the mountains
First, trees _____8______(cut) down when they __9____________(grow) big enough. Then their branches ________10_______ (cut) off, and logs ____11___________(make).These heavy logs _____12___________(put) together in different ways and ___13______________ (take) down to the foot of the mountains. Some of them ______14___________ (float使漂流) down the small rivers and others ______15______ (carry) down on trains.
Big trees _________16_______(cut) down in the mountains every year. Then young ones _________17______ (must, plant) so that we always __18______ ( have) enough wood. We have to take good care of mountains so that they _____19_____always _____20__________ (may, cover) with growing trees.
参考答案
I. 1. Are used 2. was told 3. was made ;to have 4. D. Were trees planted
5. must be finished 6. Is asked 7. Is done 8. can be mended
9. can be taken 10. Is talked
II. 1.is cleaned 2.were invited 3. Were taught 4. Be solved
5. written 6.was to 7. must be paid 8. Were to
9. is taken of 10. are told 11.was bough for 12. Wasn’t made
13.Is held 14. Seen to 15.given to
III. 1—5 DDDDC. 6----10 DCACB 11---15BCAAD 16----20 BDCCA
IV. 1. be allowed 2. Was invented 3.is made 4. be cleaned
5.writes sells 6. Was founded 7. is being repaired 8. Has lasted
9.was told be put off 10. have taken place
V. 1.does 2. come 3. Is taken 4. grow
5. Do 6. Know 7. Get 8. are cut
9. grow 10. are cut 11. are made 12. are put
13. (are) taken 14. are floated 15.are carried 16. Are cut
17. must be planted 18. Have 19. May 20.be covered
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