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高考经典专题：九阴真经，制胜非谓语动词
一．兴趣导入：
同学们，非谓语动词难吗？有多难？（难到很多学生欲哭无泪）。对此，作为老师的我难道就会袖手旁观，看你们笑话吗？不会的。一分钟搞定信不信。接下来，就是我们一起见证奇迹的时刻到了！那么What’s the secret
绝世武功-----九阴（字）真经：找对象---定关系---做选择
Warming-up: How many kinds / forms of non-finite verbs are there in English
二．知识点回顾
非谓语动词的3种形式：动名词，分词，不定式
动名词现在分词 V-ing 主动或进行
过去分词 V-ed 被动或完成
不定式 to do 将来（主动、被动）
猜一猜：
1)The book, _____________(write) by Hanhan last year, has sold out
2)This kind of car, ____________(produce) in Germany in 2000, is still popular in China now
3)This kind of car, ____________(produce) in Germany in 2000,and it is still popular in China now
三．专题精讲
在英语高考中，主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语、宾补的用法。
非谓语动词快速解题法（解题秘诀：九阴（字）真经）
找对象(主语）---定关系（主语与动词之间的关系）---做选择（答案，时间先后）
________in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand
______an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer
_______which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
各位同学，练功完毕。感觉如何？是不是身轻气爽的感觉呢？如果有，请不要吝啬你们的巴巴掌啊！！！
第1讲 非谓语动词作定语(3题秒杀）
什么是定语？
结论：
1位置：
2.关系：
3.作用：
非谓语动词快速解题法（解题秘诀：九阴（字）真经）
找对象(主语）---定关系（主语与动词之间的关系）---做选择（答案，时间先后）
温馨提示：着重注意非谓语动词作定语的发生动作和谓语动词发生动作的时间先后顺序
考点1 考查非谓语动词作后置定语 (被动式)
to do ability
doing
done
to be done
being done
活学活用：非谓语动词作定语
1.His first book _______ next month is based on a true story.
A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published
2.The airport __________next year will help promote tourism in this area
A. being completed B. to be completed C. completed D. having been completed
The library _________is expected to open at the end of the year.
A. being built B. to be built C. built D. having been built
(重庆28)We ‘re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _______at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
A. to be made B.being made C. made D. having been made
5. The next thing he saw was smoke _________ from behind the house.
A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen
温馨提示：着重注意非谓语动词的发生动作和谓语动词发生动作的时间先后顺序
知识框架：（表格）
to do ability
doing
done
to be done
being done
法宝：只用V-ing主动表被动的短语：
拓展：非谓语动词作宾补（同理可得）
考点2：感官动词用法---特别注意 “…起来”之类的感官系动词无被动，无进行时态的考点
1.I looked up and notices a snake ______its way up the tree to catch its breakfast
A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound
2._________delicious, the apples were sold out soon
Tasting B. Tastes C. Tasted D. To taste
解题步骤
如何轻松精准的做此类题呢？
只需把握住两点：
一先看非谓语动词与其逻辑主语（即定语的先行词）之间的关系只有两种情况，主动与被动
二看非谓语动词与谓动的时间关系 1与谓动同时发生2在谓动之前3在将来发生
做题步骤：
先搞清非谓语动词与先行词之间的逻辑关系
1如果是主动关系，再看时间，如果与谓动同时发生用doing ， 如果将来发生用to do
2如果是被动，再看时间，如果与谓语动词同时发生用being done ， 在谓动之前done用表将来用to be done
逻辑关系 时间 主动 被动
与谓语同时发生 （正在做） （正在被做）
在谓动之前 * （被）
将来 （将要做） （将要被做）
然后在掌握三个特殊情况：
1.have sth to do 只用不定式来修饰 there is sth to do with sth to do
I have a lot of work to do.（执行者是主语）
Do you have any clothes to be washed.（执行者不是主语you故用被动式）
2用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式常见的词有ability chance idea fact promise
I have no chance to go sightseeing .
Do you have the ability to write in English
3序数词(最高级）做先行词或修饰先行词
He is the first one to come and the last one to leave.
无被动的短语： consisting of…… dating back to …. Measuring…. Weighing… concerning… Belonging to…. Judging from…. Taking…into consideration Generally speaking seeing that…
Given provided seated
巩固练习
单项选择 （非谓语动词作定语）
I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything___________(buy).
His first book _______________________(publish) next month is based on a true story.
Will those ___________________(teach) the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office
Throughout history, the language_____________(speak) by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.
At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______________(make) could be heard outside the classroom.
This is an article ________________(consist) of five parts.
This is a story _____________(date) from the Tang Dynasty.
__________(Judge) from his words, he did well in his exam.
The computer ____________(belong) to our class should be used for studying.
The speech which he made ___________(concern) the football match bored a lot of fans to death.
拓展练习
语法填空：
Have you heard of Lake Titicaca It is a famous lake in South America, which is located on the border between Bolivia and Peru. But the lives of the ancient people who once lived around the lake and __1__ culture was thought to be highly advanced, have long remained a secret. Recently, However， scientists____2___(take) part in an exploration project at the lake have found __3__ they believe to be a 1000 year old temple __4__ the water.
Divers from the study group have discovered __5__ building scientists think is the remains of a temple built by the people who once lived beside the lake. The project leaders hope to begin raising important materials from the site later this week __6__ bad weather forces a change in their plans.
“The scientists have not yet had the opportunity to study the materials carefully，” said project director, John Aubi. “But some __7__(put) forward the idea that the remains date from this period because of their __8__(similar) to those found elsewhere.”
The research team has so far this year made more than 200 dives into water 30 metres deep. During these dives, __9__ have been recording the ancient remains on film. There will be a meeting __10__(start) later this year to review the film.
1．______　2.______　3.______　4.______　5.______
6．______　7.______　8.______　9.______　10.______
巩固练习
1.We are invited to a party in our club next Friday.
A. to be held B. held C. being held D .holding
2.The players from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected
3.His first book next month is based on a true story.
A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published
4. The government plans to bring in new laws parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. Having forced
5.The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.
A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down.
6. Can those ____ at the back of the classroom hear me
A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat
7. It is one of the funniest things ______ on the Internet so far this year.
A. finding B. being found C. to find D. found
8.If there is a lot of work ___, I'm happy to just keep on until it is finished.
A. to do B. to be doing C. done D. doing
9.Tsinghua University, in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
A.found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded
10.I have a lot of readings before by the end of this term.
A.completing B.to complete C.completed D.being completed
课前测试（当堂过手训练）
非谓语动词作定语
衔接2014真题
There are still many problems _____________(solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
Today there are more airplanes ____________(carry) more people than ever before in the skies.
Annie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse ___________(appoint) to guard her.
Last night, there were millions of people ____________(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.
The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras ___________(return) to our shop for quality problems.
Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home, there was a pile of mail ___________(wait)
for her.
In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words __________(use) in daily conversations.
The witnesses _____________(question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____________(stand) in one corner.
We are having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______________(make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.
Do you know the boy ___________(lie) under the big tree
Jim was about to stand up when he saw something _____________(move) near his feet. It’s a snake!
13. There is a note pinned to the door ______________(say) when the shop will open again.
挑战极限：(预习）
________(spend) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.
________(free) ourselves from the physical and mental tensions, we each need deep thought and inner quietness.
Clearly and thoughtfully____________(write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
Tom took a taxi to the airport , only ___________(find)his plane high up in the sky.
5. ________(stand) in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
6. _______(offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
7. __________________（ask）to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film
第2讲 非谓语动词作状语（17题秒杀）
什么是状语？ 结论：
1位置：
2.关系：
3.作用：
考点3：九阴真经（非谓语作状语）
to do 否定
doing
done
活学活用：
1.（Tony lent me the money, __________that I’d do as much for him.
A. hoping B. to hope C. hoped D. having hoped
2. When _______for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked
3. _________in a long queue, we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.
A. Standing B. To stand C. Stood D. Stand
4.He got up late and hurried to his office, ________the breakfast untouched.
A. left B. to leave C. leaving D. having left
考点4：考查非谓语动词完成式的用法
非谓语动词（不定式、动名词和现在分词）的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。
to have done 否定
having done
having been done
活学活用：
_________to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film
Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked
2_______an important role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
A. Offer B. Offering C. Offered D. To offer
3. _______which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not
4. The thief admitted_________ the old lady’s purse, _______ that he would never do that again.
A. to steal; to promise B. stealing; promise
C. having stolen; promising D. to have stolen; promised
5. The bad weather is reported _______ the passenger plane crash in Iran on January 9．
A． to contribute to B． contributing to C． contributed to D． to have contributed to
温馨提示：着重注意非谓语动词作状语的发生动作和谓语动词发生动作的时间先后顺序
知识框架：
主动;
to do
doing（身兼二致）正在发生(谓语同时) 或 方式，条件，时间…（无时间关系）
Having done
被动：
being done
Having been done
Done
注意：done强调的是方式，原因，条件等，不强调它与谓语动词的时间先后顺序。也就是说，只有强调分词和谓语动词的时间先后顺序时，才用Being done，Having been done
判断正误：
Followed by the students, he entered the classroom.
Being followed by the students, he entered the classroom.
Having been followed by the students, he entered the classroom.
拓展篇：
考点5：现在分词与不定式表结果的区别
用现在分词表自然而然的结果 ,causing
用不定式表意外的结果，往往有only出现在不定式符号to前面 ,only to do ,only to be done
活学活用：
It rained heavily in the south, ________ serious flooding in several provinces.
A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause
2. The news shocked the public, _______ to great concern about students’ safety at school.
A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead
3. George returned after the war, only ________that his wife had left him.
A. to be told B. telling C. being told D. told
4.Tom took a taxi to the airport, only ________his plane high up in the sky.
A. finding B. to find C. being found D. to have found
考点6： 考查“（be+) 过去分词+介词”结构
常考短语：be compared with/to be faced with be interested in be lost in
be dressed in be situated in be located in be determined to
be devoted to be added to be absorbed in be made from
remain seated be tired /bored of be founded in hidden
活学活用：
_________in the a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor
Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
________in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
___________ with China, America is different.
___________China with America, you may find the differences.
＿＿＿＿＿＿ China with America, and you may find the differences
A. Compared B. To compare C. Compare D. Comparing
考点7： with引导的复合结构----用九阴真经解题
With复合结构=with+宾语+宾语补足语
定语，状语（伴随，方式， 条件或原因等），句首句尾均可
with+宾语+doing
with+宾语+done
with+宾语+to do
活学活用：
1.With a lot of work _______, the newly-elected president was in trouble.
2.With a lot of work _______, the newly-elected president was having a free time.
A to settle B settled C settling D to be settled
3. – Come on, please give me some advice about the project.
-- Sorry. With so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
The old couple often take a walk after super in the park with their pet dog _____ them.
A. to follow B, following C, followed D, follows
The teacher entered the classroom, followed by several students.
或Following the teacher, the students entered the classroom.
考点8： 不定式表目的或原因（位置）
To do…, ….. ……to do….. in order to so as to
Be adj +to do
Having finished her project, she was invited by the school ___________to the new students.
A, speaking B, having spoken C, to speak D, to have spoken
_______more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.
To find out B. finding out C. find out D. having found out
3. In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant __________.
A. to deal with B. dealing with C. to be dealt with D. dealt with
考点9：有do无to 有to无do
记忆秘诀：I have no choice/alternative but to do
I can do nothing but do
1. If he takes on this work , he will have no choice but _______an even greater challenge
A, meets B, meeting C, meet D, to meet
2. On weekends, I have nothing to do but ___________ TV.
A. watches B. to watch C. watching D. watch
考点10： 独立主格结构---新生活，各管各
秘诀：常考一个词：permit, 考查结构weather/time permitting , 常考一句式：There being.信不信由你，反正我信了，你懂的。
The party will be held in the garden, weather __________.
A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit
There ________no bus, we had to walk home.
A. is B. was C. being D. were
课前测试（当堂过手训练）
非谓语动词作定语，状语
语法填空：真题回放
___________(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
____________(gather) around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.
______________(offered) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.
“In the beginning , there was only small amount of unfairness in the world , but everyone added a little, always ___________(think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”
Mary will never forget the first time she saw him. He suddenly appeared in class one day, __________(wear) sun glasses.
I suggest we should visit the Palace Museum __________(build) 600 years ago.
The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____________(stand) in one corner.
Storms swept along New Mexico’s border with Texas on Friday, ______________(destroy)homes and other buildings.
He got up early ________________(catch) the first bus.
Passengers are permitted _______________(carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.
_____________(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
When he woke up, John found himself _________(lie) in hospital.
I have a lot of housework ____________(do).
After ______________(finish) his higher education, he settled down in a village doing research work.
Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________________(wash).
经典回放：非谓语动词作状语
The murderer was brought in, with his hands _______(tie)behind his back.
I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ____________(go) on.
__________(bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
The storm left, ____________(cause) a lot of damage to this area.
__________(see) that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she would like that little doll on her bed.
The bell ___________(indicate) the end of the period rang, __________(interrupt) our heated discussion.
做题步骤：九阴真经 非谓语动词作状语 Being forced to finish the research, he is worried a lot.
逻辑关系 时间 主动 被动
与谓语同时发生 （正在做） （原因状语，句首）
在谓动之前 （完成之后） （被动+同时完成）（被完成之后）
将来 （目的原因结果） （结果）
课后反思：
（收心课）第3讲 变式题:
随着时间的流失
How kind you are! You always do what you can ________me.
A, help B, helping C, to help D, helps
区别---V-ing形容词 & V-ed形容词 比一比：词汇学霸
考点1. -ed形容词与-ing形容词
ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“【某人】感到……”；
-ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“【某事物】令人……”或“令人……的【事物】”。
1) From his ____ voice on the phone I know everything is going under way.
A. satisfactory B. satisfying C. satisfied D. satisfaction
2) — I'm very ______with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
—Mm, it does have a______ smell.
A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant
3) Mr. Smith, ______ of the ________ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring　 B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
4) Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _____.
A. worried B. to worried C. worrying D. worry
考点2. 形容词做状语，表示主语所处的状态
副词做状语一般修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。_____________________________________
1) After the long journey, the three of them went back home, ______.
A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired
C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired
2)_________ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
A. To be tried B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired
总结常见的-ed形容词与-ing形容词（表格）（写于笔记本上）
活学活用
单项选择
Everyone looked ________when they knew the ______news that Apple co-founder Steve Jobs died on Oct. 5.
A, Amazing, amazed B, amazing, amazing C, amazed, amazing D, amazed, amazed
When he heard the _______news that an earthquake occurred in Sichuan, a ______look came into his face.
A, frightened, frightened B, frightened, frightening
C, frightening, frightening D, frightening, frightened
From his _____look, I could see that he didn’t believe what I said.
A, amazing B, amazed C, amaze D, amazement
_________, she stood and stared while the police arrested her husband
A. Amazing B. Being amazed C. Amazed D. Amazement
Little Tom sat _________watching the monkey dancing in front of him
A. amaze B. amazing C. amazed D. to amaze
困惑：I amazedly looked at mom to see what happened to her
Amazingly, amazingly beautiful amazingly quick amazingly seen
短文改错
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
每句不超过两个错误；
每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；
只允许修改10出，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do.
拓展练习
完形填空：
My father brought home a sailboat when I was ten, and almost each Sunday in summers we would go sailing. Dad was quite skilled in sailing, but not good at __36 __. As for me, I __37__ both before twelve because of living close to Lake Ontario.
The last time Dad and I set sail together is really __38__ . It was a perfect weekend after I graduated from university. I came home and __39__ Dad to go sailing. Out we set soon on the__40__ lake. Dad hadn’t sailed for years, but everything ___41__ well with the tiller（舵柄）in his hands.
When we were in the middle of the lake, a __42__ wind came all of a sudden. The boat was hit __43__ . Dad was always at his best in any __44__ , but at this moment he __45__ .
“John! ___46__ !” he shouted in a trembling voice, with the tiller still in his hands.
In my memory he could fix any __47__ . He was the one I always __48__ for strength and security. Before I could respond, a __49 _of water got into the boat. I rushed to the tiller ___50__ it was too late. Anther huge wall of water __51__ the boat in a minute. We were thrown into the water, and Dad was struggling aimlessly. At that moment, I felt fiercely __52__ of him.
I swam to Dad __53__ and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船壳）of the boat. Upon sitting on the hull, Dad was a little awkward about his flash of __54__ . “It’s all right, Dad. We are safe now,” I comforted him.
That was the first time Dad had counted on me in a moment of emergency. More importantly, I found it was my turn to start __55 __for my father.
36. A.boating B. running C. swimming D. teaching
37. A.enjoyed B. desired C. hated D. learned
38. A.unforgivable B. unforgettable C. cheerful D. regretful
39. A.sent B. ordered C. invited D. allowed
40. A.calm B. icy C. stormy D. thundery
41. A.finished B. went C. seemed D. sounded
42. A.strong B. gentle C. cold D. hot
43. A.respeatedly B. lightly C. hardly D. violently
44. A. danger B. place C. sport D. job
45. A. suffered B. fell C. froze D. withdrew
46. A. look B. Help C. Run D. Jump
47. A. problem B. relationship C. machine D. boat
48. A. turned to B. lived with C. argued with D. objected to
49. A. fountain B. stream C. shower D. wave
50. A. if B. for C. after D. but
51. A. got through B. poured into C. turned over D. lifted up
52. A. ashamed B. protective C. tired D. afraid
53. A. hopelessly B. quickly C. slowly D. helplessly
54. A. pain B. anger C. fear D. shame
55. A. making up B. getting ready C. paying off D. looking out
改错题
Today is Sunday. I’ve been in Canada for two months.
This is the first time that I’ve been away my family for such a _____________
Long time. With the help of Katia, a roommate of me, I’ve ______________
soon got used to live without my parents around. Katia, like ______________
many other Russian girls, are nice and lively. We became _______________
friends shortly after we meet each other. Although her English _______________
is a little hardly to understand, we enjoy chatting and we _______________
usually talk a lot about our own family. We’re both surprised _______________
that Chinese culture or Russian culture are so different. Now, ________________
we’re planning a small party for the next Sunday. Therefore, Katia _______________
will introduce me to some of her friends, one of who has been _______________
to China several times. I just can’t wait.
语法填空2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。2019-3
On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 （get）there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 （recommend）wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 （compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 （tradition）stories about Hawaii that were 68 （huge）popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 （invite）to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 （listen）to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
非谓语动词专练
1.It is possible ______ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
【答案】to walk
【解析】
考查动词不定式。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。
2.After ______ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we…
【答案】spending
【解析】
考查动名词。句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。
3.It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ______ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics…
【答案】educated
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，educate与traveler之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，故填educated。
4.Minimize the impact of _____(visit)the place.
【答案】visiting
【解析】考查动名词。句意：最大限度地减少拜访这个地方的影响。根据空格前介词of可知，空格处应填动名词形式来作介词of的宾语。故填visiting。
5.Activities there range from whale watching to hiking(远足)and accommodations aim ________(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
【答案】to have
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。
6.But that’s how nature is — always leaving us ______(astonish).
【答案】astonished
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但大自然就是这样——总是让我们惊讶。此处是“leave +宾语+宾语补足语”，补充说明宾语us的感受，应用-ed结尾非谓语动词。故填astonished。
7.…where you can sit down to rest your ____8____ (ache) legs.
【答案】aching
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然在上山的路上，这是唯一不自然的事情，但它仍然突出了整个冒险，并且提供了一个你可以坐下来休息你疼痛的双腿的地方。分析句子及语境可知，此处应用现在分词aching“疼痛的”修饰名词legs，意为“疼痛的双腿”。故填aching。
8.A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over ___8___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
【答案】to plant
【解析】
考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。
9.Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others.
【答案】talk→talking
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。固定短语dislike doing sth.，意为“不喜欢做某事”，doing为动名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。
10.Every piece of plastic _____ (create) will remain in the environment in some form, but…
【答案】created
【解析】
考查非谓语动词。句意：每一块被制造出来的塑料都将以某种形式留在环境中，但如果你图方便把它扔掉，风和径流就会把垃圾带入下水道，直接流入海洋，影响海洋生物，包括鱼类，人类的主要食物来源。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语plastic构成被动关系，故应用过去分词作定语。故填created。
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