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2022届高考英语阅读理解专项训练：动物
一、阅读理解-阅读选择（共20小题；共170分）
阅读短文，选出最佳选项
I got smile cards in the mail yesterday and I already used 2 of them just yesterday! I carry them everywhere I go, just in case I need them.
I used the first one yesterday when I was in a pet shop, getting my dogs some food. A man walked up to look at the collars (颈圈) and asked if I worked there, I told him no, but that I would be happy to help him if I could. He asked if I knew anything about dogs and collars. I told him I had 2 dogs, one is a puppy and one is a big dog so I knew collars as far as sizes go. He told me the collar he bought his dog was too small, and I asked what kind of dog he had because I determined he probably needed a bigger one. I hoped the one I helped him find worked for him. When he said thanks, I told him "you're welcome" and handed him a smile card. He smiled and after reading it, he said he would help someone as soon as he could.
That was pleasing and then at the other store I was checking out and this grandma had her granddaughter in the basket. She was trying to get her granddaughter out of the basket with keys and a wallet in her hand. I offered to help lift her out of the basket. She had just had an operation and couldn't lift things very well. Later, she thanked me for helping. I handed her my second smile card.
As a mother, I love acts of kindness and the smile cards are amazing to be able to leave behind as you do them.
1. Why did the author go to the pet shop
A.To go to work there.
B.To buy collars for her dogs.
C.To do volunteer work there.
D.To buy some food for her dogs.
2. The underlined word "puppy" in Paragraph 2 probably refers to _____.
A.a big dog B.a little dog C.a pet shop D.a smile card
3. What can we learn about that grandma
A.She was lost.
B.She lost her keys and wallet.
C.She refused the author's help.
D.She didn't recover completely from her illness.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The thing that made me notice the little dog was that he was in a begging (乞讨的) position in front of a stand which sold cakes and biscuits on the market day. As I drew near, he ran away.
"I've been watching that dog all morning," a policeman came up to me, "but, like you, I haven't been able to get near him. I think he's a stray (流浪狗), Mr. Herriot."
The memory stayed with me for the rest of the day. It is our job to look after the animals that depend on us and it worried me to think of the little dog walking around in a strange place, sitting up and asking for food.
The market day was on Monday and on the Friday of that week my wife Helen and I had a picnic planned for ourselves. As a vet's wife, she also had to work very hard and we weren't able to go out together very often. We were just about to leave the house when the doorbell rang. It was the young policeman I had been talking to on the market day.
"I've got that dog, Mr. Herriot," he said. "One of our men found him lying by the roadside about a mile out of town and brought him in. I'm afraid he's been knocked down. We've got him here in the car."
I went out and saw the little dog was lying on the back seat. I could see that he had cuts all over his body and one leg lay in such a way that I knew it must be broken. I decided to carry out an operation (手术) on him. By the time we had finished, it was too late to go out anywhere, but Helen didn't mind losing the chance because she rescued our doggy friend from danger.
4. The author noticed the little dog because of _____.
A.his sickly look B.his running away
C.the trouble he made D.the position he held
5. What do we know about the author and his wife
A.Both of them were vets.
B.They were usually very busy.
C.They had never had a picnic before.
D.They both worried about stray animals.
6. How did the policemen get the little dog
A.They knocked him down by accident.
B.They caught him when he had a rest.
C.They found him injured.
D.They got his trust.
7. What does the underlined part "the chance" in the last paragraph refer to
A.Shopping on the market day.
B.Having a picnic with her husband.
C.Preventing the dog from being hurt.
D.Taking the dog home at the beginning.
Jack worked for the Canadian government. One day, he was told to learn more about wolves. Do wolves kill lots of caribou (北美驯鹿) Do they kill people
The government gave Jack lots of food, clothes and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to a lonely place. The plane landed, put him down and left. There were no houses or people in this place. But there were lots of wolves.
People tell horrible stories about wolves. They say wolves like to kill and eat people. Jack was afraid when he thought of these stories. He always took his gun with him.
Then one day, he saw a group of wolves. There was a mother wolf with four baby wolves. A father wolf and another young wolf lived with them.
Jack watched these wolves every day. The mother was a very good mother. She gave milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life. They learned how to catch food. The father wolf got food for the mother. The young wolf played with the children. They were a nice and happy wolf family. Jack did not need his gun any more. In a short time, he got along well with the family. Jack watched them for five months.
Later, Jack wrote a book about wolves. He wanted people to understand them and not to kill them.
8. Where did the government take Jack
A.To a lonely place. B.To a quiet island.
C.To a noisy city. D.To a small village.
9. Who gave lessons about life to the baby wolves
A.The father wolf. B.The mother wolf.
C.The young wolf. D.The government.
10. The underlined word "horrible" in Paragraph 3 probably means _____.
A.exciting B.boring C.terrible D.funny
11. How many months did Jack watch the wolves
A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.
12. Jack wrote a book about wolves because he wanted people to _____.
A.give more room to them
B.hunt and kill them
C.give more food to them
D.understand them and stop killing them
阅读理解
Imagine being given the opportunity to wake up to lions, eat your meals with monkeys, and even share your bath with bears, all from the comfort of a unique new lodging experience.
The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015, which was set up in an effort to educate visitors about aiding the survival of many of the world's endangered species.
Spreading across three locations in the National Zoo, the 18 rooms, which range from giraffe tree houses to jungle bungalows, offer a fantastic experience with wildlife.
The Giraffe Treehouse
The Giraffe Treehouse is set among the giraffe enclosures (围场), and the Jungle Bungalows are luxurious individual suites which are next to either lion, cheetah (猎豹), brown bear, or Malaysian sun bear enclosures.
The Ushaka House
Housing up to 26 people, the Ushaka House is built around the monkey enclosure and has a built-in aquarium which offers private views of some of the zoo's sharks.
The Burley Griffin House
Only meters from the edge of Lake Burley Griffin, the indoor and outdoor entertaining areas have splendid views across the lake to Black Mountain.
The Shark House
The Shark House has its own little jetty (码头) and it comes out over the shark tank here and so the people who stay in the room will be able to go to their bedroom and pat the shark.
Location
Located in the heart of Australia's political capital, the Jamala Wildlife Lodge at the National Zoo and Aquarium is just ten minutes from Canberra's central Business District.
13. Which of the following is TRUE about the Jamala Wildlife Lodge
A.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge lies in the heart of the forest.
B.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge has a very short history.
C.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge is outside the National Zoo.
D.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge has altogether 26 houses.
14. If a tourist wants to visit bears, he'd better choose _____.
A.The Giraffe Treehouse B.The Ushaka House
C.The Burley Griffin House D.The Shark House
15. If a tourist wants to see sharks, he probably needs to live in _____.
A.The Aquarium B.The Burley Griffin House
C.The Giraffe Treehouse D.The Ushaka House
16. The goal of building up the Jamala Wildlife Lodge is _____.
A.to make people experience comfort
B.to share tourists' experience with animals
C.to encourage people to visit the lodge
D.to help the endangered animals to survive
17. The purpose of writing the passage is to _____.
A.introduce the Jamala Wildlife Lodge in Australia
B.attract more tourists to visit the National Zoo
C.raise people's awareness of protecting animals
D.offer visitors an opportunity to play with animals
Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.
A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.
Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.
After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.
When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate（低估）a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction（小部分）of the smaller number to it.
"This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, "Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one."
18. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them
A.They fed them. B.They named them.
C.They trained them. D.They measured them.
19. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment
A.By drawing a circle. B.By touching a screen.
C.By watching videos. D.By watching videos.
20. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys
A.They could perform basic addition.
B.They could understand simple words.
C.They could memorize numbers easily.
D.They could hold their attention for long.
21. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear
A.Entertainment. B.Health.
C.Education. D.Science.
阅读选择
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family—his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later the woman went back to her parents'home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved (感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.
22. The writer wrote the story in order to _____.
A.show that elephants are very clever
B.tell how a woman trained a wild animal
C.show that women care more for animals than men do
D.tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife
23. The woman left her new home _____.
A.to visit her own parents in Maliyuwa
B.to see if the elephant would follow her
C.because she was angry with her husband
D.because she was tired of the large family
24. After the young woman left her husband's home, the elephant _____.
A.returned to the forest
B.was sad because it missed her
C.went to look for a new home
D.was sick because nobody fed it
25. The young wife went back to her husband because _____.
A.she knew he had sent the animal to her
B.the elephant had come to look for her
C.her parents persuaded her to
D.she missed her new home
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
If you live near a rooster, you can depend on hearing him every morning when the sun comes up. But how do roosters know when it is time to crow(打鸣) Roosters greet the rising sun with crowing sound. But they also crow at other times. So are they responding to the light Or do they simply know that it's morning New research says the latter: roosters crow because of circadian rhythms(昼夜节律).
Scientist controlled the light levels in a chicken house. Then they turned on their recorders so they could watch and listen. For two weeks, the birds experienced 12 hours of light followed by 12 hours of dim(昏暗的) light. Like the pre-dawn noises observed in wild bird, the roosters began to crow about two hours before their rooms lit up.
Then, for two weeks, the roosters lived completely in dim light. Yet they continued to crow about once a day—at intervals(间隔) of about 23.7 hours. Even without morning light, their circadian rhythms told them when dawn should be breaking. Showing that you can't really keep a rooster in the dark about the time. They naturally "know" what time of day it is.
The birds also crowed in response to sudden light, and to the sounds of other roosters. But they were more likely to react when those stimuli(刺激) occurred near dawn.
However, the researchers also noticed that the roosters' sense of time grew worse the longer they stayed in the experiment. The researchers say this observation suggests that external(外部的) information, such as irregular light or the sounds of other roosters, can weaken a rooster's circadian rhythm.
Mr. Yoshimura and Mr. Shimmura published their findings in the journal Current Biology. Mr. Yoshimura says scientists still do not know why a dog says "bow-wow" and a cat says "meow." But, he says roosters can teach us more about genetically controlled behavior.
26. The scientists turned on their recorders in the experiment to _____.
A.control the sound levels
B.take photos of the roosters
C.play music for the roosters
D.watch and listen to the roosters
27. When the roosters lived completely in dim light, _____.
A.they failed to crow once a day
B.they didn't know when dawn broke
C.they still crowed every morning
D.they gradually lost their sense of time
28. A rooster's circadian rhythm can be weakened by _____.
A.high temperatures B.an unbalanced diet
C.strange environments D.the sounds of other roosters
29. What would be the best title for the text
A.Roosters' sense of light
B.Ways to raise roosters properly
C.How roosters know when to crow
D.Various genetically controlled behaviour
The friendship between humans and dogs possibly began 14,000 years ago. Here are four examples of "a dog's life" in the human world today.
Treated like a queen
Tiffy is one of these dogs. Her owner, Nancy Iane Loewy, treats her like a queen. She patiently prepares Tiffy's meals of meat, fish, chicken and different kinds of fresh vegetables. Tiffy also eats yoghurt and biscuits after dinner. Loewy's husband has a very good job and her two sons are away at university, so she has the time and money to treat Tiffy very well, and she truly enjoys doing it. "I want to give her the healthiest, most wonderful life as long as possible," she says.
Food sniffer dogs (嗅探犬)
Food sniffer dogs work at international airports in the United States. Their job is to smell and find illegal (不合法的) fruits, vegetables and other foods in bags and mail. These foods sometimes bring insects and diseases which could be dangerous for plants and animals. The dog calmly sits down next to anything that smells suspicious (可疑的). The dog's human partner then checks for illegal foods. Sniffer dogs are friendly and cute, so they don't scare people as they sniff through the crowds. More importantly, these dogs have an astonishing nose for food. They can find food in bags 84% of the time.
Animal careers
Jessie is a whippet (水灵狗) that visits very sick children in hospital. She shows them her love and when they feel down, Jessie makes them happy. Jessie helps patients to stay strong during their time in hospital.
There are many different kinds of animals that help people. We train "service dogs" to help people with physical disabilities. The best known service dogs are guides for the blind. But they can also learn to open and close doors, turn lights on and off, pick up objects from the floor and even pull wheelchairs.
Doggie detectives (侦探犬)
Search-and-rescue (SAR) dogs use their amazing noses to find people. They can smell tiny clues (线索) that people leave wherever they go. These include bacteria (细菌), small pieces of clothing and hairs. They may find missing hikers and search through rubble (碎石) after earthquakes and other disasters.
30. What food does Tiffy eat
A.Meat and fish. B.Chicken and fresh vegetables.
C.Yoghurt and biscuit. D.All of the above.
31. What kind of dogs is the most helpful when a child is lost
A.SAR dogs. B.Whippet dogs. C.Sniffer dogs. D.Queen dogs.
32. What's the purpose of the passage
A.To introduce different kinds of food sniffer dogs.
B.To tell the readers the importance of protecting animals.
C.To show the special relationships between dogs and humans.
D.To share with the readers the pleasure of keeping dogs as pets.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
Imagine being given the opportunity to wake up to lions, eat your meals with monkeys, and even share your bath with bears, all from the comfort of a unique new lodging experience.
The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015, which was set up in an effort to educate visitors about aiding the survival of many of the world's endangered species.
Spreading across three locations in the National Zoo, the 18 rooms, which range from giraffe tree houses to jungle bungalows, offer a fantastic experience with wildlife.
The Giraffe Treehouse
The Giraffe Treehouse is set among the giraffe enclosures (围场), and the Jungle Bungalows are luxurious individual suites which are next to either lion, cheetah (猎豹), brown bear, or Malaysian sun bear enclosures.
The Ushaka House
Housing up to 26 people, the Ushaka House is built around the monkey enclosure and has a built-in aquarium which offers private views of some of the zoo's sharks.
The Burley Griffin House
Only meters from the edge of Lake Burley Griffin, the indoor and outdoor entertaining areas have splendid views across the lake to Black Mountain.
The Shark House
The Shark House has its own little jetty (码头) and it comes out over the shark tank here and so the people who stay in the room will be able to go to their bedroom and pat the shark.
Location
Located in the heart of Australia's political capital, the Jamala Wildlife Lodge at National Zoo and Aquarium is just ten minutes from Canberra's central Business District.
33. Which of the following is TRUE about the Jamala Wildlife Lodge
A.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge lies in the heart of the forest.
B.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge has a very short history.
C.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge is outside the National Zoo.
D.The Jamala Wildlife Lodge has altogether 26 houses.
34. If a tourist wants to visit bears, he'd better choose _____.
A.The Giraffe Treehouse B.The Ushaka House
C.The Burley Griffin House D.The Shark House
35. If a tourist wants to see sharks, he probably needs to live in _____.
A.The Aquarium B.The Burley Griffin House
C.The Giraffe Treehouse D.The Ushaka House
36. The goal of building up the Jamala Wildlife Lodge is _____.
A.to make people experience comfort
B.to share tourists' experience with animals
C.to encourage people to visit the lodge
D.to help the endangered animals to survive
37. The purpose of writing the passage is to _____.
A.introduce the Jamala Wildlife Lodge in Australia
B.attract more tourists to visit the National Zoo
C.raise people's awareness of protecting animals
D.offer visitors an opportunity to play with animals
Animals might not be able to speak or master advanced language techniques, but they certainly have other ways of communicating. Whale song, wolf howls, frog cries—even the fast dance of the honeybee or the friendly waves of a dog's tail—are among so many ways animals pass on information to each other and to other living things of the animal kingdom.
When it comes to hearing communication, not every member of a species is just alike. Animals in different places have often been sounding off in different dialects. For example, one study shows that blue whales produce different types of sounds depending on where they are from. Some bird species are the same way. And what about those birds that live on the border between territories (领地) of different songbirds They are often able to communicate in a way accepted by each of their groups of neighbors.
Communication between different species can play important roles as well. One study shows that iguanas (鬣蜥蜴) do not communicate by making sound, but their well-developed ears help them hear well the warning calls of the flycatcher (a type of small bird). The two species have nothing in common except for the fact that they share a general habitat and enemies. So when an iguana hears a bird make a signal of danger for other birds, it probably knows to be watchful for arriving enemies, too.
However, as noise pollution has become a serious problem all across the globe, many animals are now under fire. Increased shipping traffic over the last century has greatly affected the spread of whale song around the ocean basin. Studies have found that songbirds, too, suffer from noisy city surroundings. Some species have had to change their singing styles, producing songs that sound louder, in order to be heard above the noise. Their new voices usually lead to stranger and somewhat worse styles of singing that female birds find decidedly less sexy.
38. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2
A.Various dialects can also happen to the same animals.
B.Animals communicate with each other in different ways.
C.Different animals have different ways of communicating.
D.Animals from different places may make the same sound.
39. What can we learn about iguanas
A.They communicate by singing.
B.They are born with poor hearing.
C.They often bring bad luck to humans.
D.They get along well with flycatchers.
40. By saying "many animals are now under fire", the author means _____.
A.they refuse to communicate with others
B.they cannot communicate effectively
C.they are now in danger of dying out
D.they don't make a sound any more
41. Due to noise pollution, songbirds _____.
A.find it hard to attract the opposite sex
B.produce more songs that sound sad
C.begin to communicate by dancing
D.can not find food easily any more
42. The author develops the passage mainly _____.
A.by raising questions B.by following time order
C.by providing examples D.by analyzing the data
Russian police have started a new attempt to get drivers to slow down at zebra crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities in an attempt to improve road safety and raise awareness among Russia's notoriously (臭名昭著地) careless drivers.
The light grey horses, painted with black stripes, carried signs on their backs reading: "Careful, children are on their way to school." The police sent the "zebras" to several different locations in the Russian capital, where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets (传单) to passing drivers.
Some held up rainbow-coloured umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain. Russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take the initiative (主动采取措施) to avoid pedestrians. Nearly half of all traffic accidents in the country's big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians, and a third of those occur on crossings, according to traffic police figures published last month.
In the first six months of this year, 378 people were killed and more than 6, 600 injured on pedestrian crossings in Russia, according to police. In Moscow alone, 43 people were killed, including two children.
Though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals, animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea, accusing the police of "treating animals like garbage".
"Children understand that paints are bad for animals," the Interfax news agency quoted president of Vita animal rights group Irina Novozhilova as saying.
Let's hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians' awareness.
43. Why do Moscow police have "zebras" walk across on the busiest streets
A.To make a call on protecting animals.
B.To remind people zebras are in danger of extinction.
C.To tell people it is dangerous to cross streets.
D.To raise drivers' awareness of road safety.
44. What does the underlined word "them" in paragraph 2 refer to
A.The zebras. B.The horses.
C.The policemen. D.The drivers.
45. From the text we can learn that _____.
A.most Russian drivers have realized the seriousness of the problem
B.Russian drivers often ignore traffic lights
C.Russian drivers seldom give way to pedestrians
D.the driving skills of Russian drivers are bad
46. What do animal rights activists think of the new attempt
A.Drivers must slow down at pedestrian crossings.
B.These animals are ill-treated by the police.
C.The paints used on the horses are safe.
D.Road safety should be improved.
47. Which word can best describe the author's attitude towards the campaign
A.Critical. B.Reserved. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
"If you take care of the birds, you take care of most of the environmental problems in the world."
That's what Thomas Lovejoy, a well-known biologist, says. He helped introduce the term "biological diversity" to the world. And he long ago predicted that by early in the 21st century, the Earth would start losing a surprising number of species—a prediction, unfortunately, which is turning out to be spot-on.
We were taken with what Lovejoy said about birds and decided to use it as a launch pad (跳板) for marking 2018 as the Year of the Bird by National Geographic. Hopefully, this will help raise people's awareness of this problem. In this 12-month multiplatform exploration, we'll examine how our changing environment is leading to great losses among bird species around the globe. And just as important, we'll record what we can do about it.
At National Geographic we've been looking at the planet's health from a bird's-eye view for a long time. This magazine has featured birds on its cover more often than it has featured other popular creatures—at least 30 times, 13 times compared with apes. And the National Geographic Society has awarded hundreds of funds (资金) for the scientific study of birds.
In 2018, we'll take our coverage of topics affecting birds to a new level. In this issue (期) we launch a year of storytelling with "Why Birds Matter", an essay by bestselling author Jonathan Franzen. It's paired with remarkable photographs of birds created by National Geographic photographer Joel Sartore.
Why is National Geographic focusing so much attention on birds That's just another way of asking, as Franzen does. Why do birds matter Among his fluent answers: "They are our last, best connection to a natural world that is otherwise moving gradually away from us."
48. What does the underlined word "spot-on" mean in Paragraph 2
A.Successful. B.True. C.Absurd. D.Uncertain.
49. Why is the year 2018 called the Year of the Bird
A.To introduce a wide diversity of birds.
B.To show concern over birds' disappearance.
C.To draw public attention to shrinking bird species.
D.To examine the environmental influences on birds.
50. What can we know about National Geographic
A.It focuses more on birds than other creatures.
B.It offers sums of money to research on birds.
C.It's the last connection between man and nature.
D.It's popular with famous biologists and authors.
51. What is the best title for the text
A.This Is Why Birds Are Key to Conservation
B.Birds Play a Key Role in the Natural World
C.Biologists Devote Themselves to Bird Protection
D.It Is High Time to Take Care of the Environmental Problems
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem (生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.
It is the elephant's great desire for food that make it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.
Take the rainforests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.
What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.
52. What is the passage mainly about
A.Disappearance of African elephants.
B.The eating habit of African elephants.
C.The effect of African elephants' search for food.
D.Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
53. What does the underlined phrase "setting the terms" most probably mean
A.Fixing the time. B.Worsening the state.
C.Improving the quality. D.Deciding the conditions.
54. What do we know about the open spaces in the passage
A.They are home to many endangered animals.
B.They result from the destruction of rainforests.
C.They provide food mainly for African elephants.
D.They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.
55. The passage is developed mainly by _____.
A.showing the effect and then explaining the causes
B.pointing out similarities and differences
C.describing the changes in space order
D.giving examples
_____56_____ They look like jelly, but of course they aren't. And they certainly aren't fish. So, what exactly are these strange creatures
_____57_____ Jellyfish consist of over 95% water. They have no head, brain, heart, eyes, ears or bones! They have a kind of body, called a "bell". The bell is the big round part that looks like jelly. Inside it are nerves, which are all jellyfish need to move to sense light.
Another important part is the tentacles, the long strings hanging from the bell. When jellyfish find their food, these tentacles can shoot out poison to kill it. Underneath the bell is a mouth.
_____58_____ There are over 2,000 species, and new ones are still being found. They vary greatly in appearance and size, from ones as small as a coin to ones with bells over 2 meters across and tentacles 60 meters long.
Jellyfish also vary in how dangerous they are. The box jellyfish, which live in the seas off Northern Australia and Indonesia, are so poisonous that they can kill a human being in just a few minutes. Not only that, their poison is so painful that it usually causes people to drown before they can swim back to the shore. _____59_____ But don't worry. Most jellyfish are harmless. And the dangerous ones are usually found deep in the ocean, living their mysterious lives far away from humans.
56. A.It's not surprising that it has the title of "the most dangerous creature in the world"!
B.Jellyfish aren't named very well.
C.Mammals are warm-blooded and breathe air through lungs.
D.What do they have
E.Jellyfish, which have been in the Earth's oceans for over 600 million years (before dinosaurs), are not all the same.
F.Have you ever wondered what the largest fish in the sea is
57. A.It's not surprising that it has the title of "the most dangerous creature in the world"!
B.Jellyfish aren't named very well.
C.Mammals are warm-blooded and breathe air through lungs.
D.What do they have
E.Jellyfish, which have been in the Earth's oceans for over 600 million years (before dinosaurs), are not all the same.
F.Have you ever wondered what the largest fish in the sea is
58. A.It's not surprising that it has the title of "the most dangerous creature in the world"!
B.Jellyfish aren't named very well.
C.Mammals are warm-blooded and breathe air through lungs.
D.What do they have
E.Jellyfish, which have been in the Earth's oceans for over 600 million years (before dinosaurs), are not all the same.
F.Have you ever wondered what the largest fish in the sea is
59. A.It's not surprising that it has the title of "the most dangerous creature in the world"!
B.Jellyfish aren't named very well.
C.Mammals are warm-blooded and breathe air through lungs.
D.What do they have
E.Jellyfish, which have been in the Earth's oceans for over 600 million years (before dinosaurs), are not all the same.
F.Have you ever wondered what the largest fish in the sea is
A leading international group has taken the giant panda off its endangered list thanks to decades of conservation efforts, but China's government is unwilling to accept the change, saying it did not view the status of the country 's beloved symbol as any less serious.
The International Union for Conservation Nature said in a report released Sunday that the panda is now classified as a "vulnerable" instead of "endangered" species, reflecting its growing numbers in the wild in Southern China. _____60_____ That is the result of work by Chinese agencies to carry out hunting bans and expand forest reserves.
In a statement, China's State Forestry Administration said that it doubted the classification change because pandas' natural habitats have been separated by natural and human causes. The animals live in small, isolated groups of as few as 10 pandas that struggle to reproduce and face the risk of disappearing altogether. If we relax our conservation work, the populations and habitats of giant pandas would still suffer a great loss. _____61_____ Therefore, we're not being alarmist (危言耸听的) by continuing to emphasize the panda species', endangered status.
Still, other animal protection organizations praised the recovery of the pandas. John Howard, a senior official at World Society for the Protection of Animals, expressed his satisfaction over the effective measures taken by the Chinese government. The Chinese government and the World Wild Fund (WWF) first established the Wolong National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province in 1980. Wild panda numbers have since slowly rebounded as China cracked down on the skin trade. _____62_____
Over the last few decades, international groups and the Chinese government have worked to save wild pandas and breed them in face of their extinction. It is not surprising that the WWF, whose logo has been a panda since 1961, celebrated the panda's re-classification. _____63_____
60. A.As a result, our achievements would be quickly lost.
B.The wild panda population jump to 1,864 in 2014 from 1,596 in 2004.
C.Panda has long been a symbol of China and the global conservation movement.
D.And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now.
E.Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill.
F.It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science, political will and engagement come together.
61. A.As a result, our achievements would be quickly lost.
B.The wild panda population jump to 1,864 in 2014 from 1,596 in 2004.
C.Panda has long been a symbol of China and the global conservation movement.
D.And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now.
E.Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill.
F.It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science, political will and engagement come together.
62. A.As a result, our achievements would be quickly lost.
B.The wild panda population jump to 1,864 in 2014 from 1,596 in 2004.
C.Panda has long been a symbol of China and the global conservation movement.
D.And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now.
E.Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill.
F.It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science, political will and engagement come together.
63. A.As a result, our achievements would be quickly lost.
B.The wild panda population jump to 1,864 in 2014 from 1,596 in 2004.
C.Panda has long been a symbol of China and the global conservation movement.
D.And China gradually expanded its protected forest areas to cover 1.4 million hectares now.
E.Some pandas have been sent to zoos around the world as a gesture of Chinese diplomatic goodwill.
F.It says that aggressive investment does pay off when science, political will and engagement come together.
Is My Dog a Wolf
In the old days wolves and dogs shared the same ancestor. _____64_____ And wolves stayed wolves. Even though it has been thousands of years since dogs have been wild, many things a dog does by instinct (本能) a wolf also does.
Why does my dog chew my stuff
It's not because he's mad at you. The baby wolf chews on a deer bone for several reasons. There is some small nutritional value gained by chewing bones. _____65_____ But mostly, it is just fun and tastes good. Most of us don't leave deer bones lying around the house, so table legs, shoes, and sticks probably seem like good bone replacements. Many dogs get scared or bored when they are left alone, and chewing on something can be comforting and entertaining to them. If that "something" smells like you, it is all the more attractive. So when he eats your homework, it really means he misses having you around.
Why does my dog play with dirt
_____66_____ Wolves dig holes to hide leftover food and bones, so they'll have a nice snack later. Some dig to catch small underground animals, which make tasty snacks. Or they dig to create a cool hole to lie in during the summer…or a warm snow cave in the winter. Adult wolves dig underground caves for their babies to provide shelter and safety. Dogs may dig for some of the same reasons, but one thing is for sure: newly dug dirt has all sorts of interesting smells which they are crazy about.
Once you understand that dogs and wolves are similar, you can look at the ways they are different. In the wild, wolves live by wolf rules. Most of their days are spent caring for the young, resting, and hunting. _____67_____ Their willingness to do this is probably the biggest difference between the two species. That's why dogs can become human's friends while wolves never.
64. A.Dogs, however, must live by people rules both inside and outside the home.
B.Digging is a survival tool for wolves, but it's just fun for dogs.
C.Gradually, dogs changed to become their own species.
D.Wolf and dog noses also do more than just smell.
E.It is also the way wolves brush their teeth.
F.How are they different
65. A.Dogs, however, must live by people rules both inside and outside the home.
B.Digging is a survival tool for wolves, but it's just fun for dogs.
C.Gradually, dogs changed to become their own species.
D.Wolf and dog noses also do more than just smell.
E.It is also the way wolves brush their teeth.
F.How are they different
66. A.Dogs, however, must live by people rules both inside and outside the home.
B.Digging is a survival tool for wolves, but it's just fun for dogs.
C.Gradually, dogs changed to become their own species.
D.Wolf and dog noses also do more than just smell.
E.It is also the way wolves brush their teeth.
F.How are they different
67. A.Dogs, however, must live by people rules both inside and outside the home.
B.Digging is a survival tool for wolves, but it's just fun for dogs.
C.Gradually, dogs changed to become their own species.
D.Wolf and dog noses also do more than just smell.
E.It is also the way wolves brush their teeth.
F.How are they different
The millipede (千足虫)
Forest life
_____68_____ We enjoy watching television programs about bears, bats or monkeys. We knew a lot about their lives: how they find food or what they do at different times of the year. But what about smaller animals that are more difficult to see or film
_____69_____ A French scientist, Francois-Xavier, Joly, is studying one of them—the millipede.
The importance of leaves
When leaves begin to die in autumn, they turn from green to yellow and fall from the trees. _____70_____ Life in the forest needs these nutrients—without them, plants could not grow and so there would be no food for other animals.
Food on the forest floor
Some living things, like mushrooms, break the leaves into smaller pieces and eat them. In a few months there is nothing left of them. But for mushrooms, not all trees are the same. Mushrooms prefer some types of leaves to others. This means that some leaves take much longer to break down than others, sometimes years.
So what happens to these _____71_____
More on the menu
The millipede also likes leaves and it eats any type. But when it has finished, it produces waste. This waste then becomes the food of mushrooms. When mushrooms eat leaves they choose only certain types—But when they cat waste, they will eat any kind. _____72_____
So next time you are walking through a forest, remember that something may be having a meal right under your feet!
68. A.This is where the millipede can help.
B.However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C.Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D.Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E.As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F.Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G.This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
69. A.This is where the millipede can help.
B.However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C.Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D.Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E.As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F.Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G.This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
70. A.This is where the millipede can help.
B.However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C.Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D.Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E.As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F.Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G.This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
71. A.This is where the millipede can help.
B.However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C.Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D.Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E.As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F.Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G.This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
72. A.This is where the millipede can help.
B.However, not all leaves are equally rich.
C.Millipedes do amazing things in the soil in our forests.
D.Forests are amazing places, and so are the animals that live in them.
E.As they break down on the ground, nutrients are returned to the soil.
F.Many small animals that live in forests are very important for the soil.
G.This is how the millipede turns dead leaves into food for others and helps life continue.
The cane toad (海蟾蜍) was imported to Australia in 1935 to protect sugarcane crops. _____73_____ Experts estimate that there are currently over 200 million samples spread across Northern Australia, and the numbers are only growing. The increasing population is proving to be deadly for many native Australian animal species that hunt the toads as food. _____74_____
While some animals have learned to completely avoid the frogs, the Australian monitor lizards continue to be killed by them. The lizards that catch small animals love eating cane toads. _____75_____ It takes the cane toad less than 30 seconds to release enough poison to kill a lizard.
_____76_____ They decided to train the lizards to avoid the cane toads. To carry out the idea they went to a region of northwestern Australia that had not yet been invaded by cane toads and fed the wild lizards with young cane toads. Though the smaller animals release the same poison as the adults, they do so in smaller amounts. _____77_____ The researchers say it took just one or two tests to teach the lizards to stay away from cane toads. They continued to avoid the animals even when the larger cane toads arrived.
73. A.Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.
B.Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.
C.With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.
D.Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.
E.Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.
F.Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.
G.That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.
74. A.Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.
B.Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.
C.With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.
D.Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.
E.Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.
F.Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.
G.That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.
75. A.Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.
B.Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.
C.With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.
D.Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.
E.Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.
F.Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.
G.That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.
76. A.Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.
B.Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.
C.With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.
D.Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.
E.Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.
F.Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.
G.That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.
77. A.Not surprisingly, their population has dropped sharply.
B.Unfortunately, in most cases, it turns out to be their last meal.
C.With very few natural enemies, their population began to grow rapidly.
D.Now a team of researchers came up with a good plan to save the lizards.
E.Gradually, the lizards learned to eat only the mildly poisonous cane toads.
F.Therefore, while the poison does make the lizards sick, it does not kill them.
G.That's because cane toads release some deadly poison when they sense danger.
While faking and fierce looks are among animals' great defenses, many species know that everyone runs from a big stink (臭气) too.
Vulture (秃鹫)
Vultures, are street sweepers that feast on the rotting flesh of dead animals, which benefits us by ridding our highways and landscapes of animal bodies and the bacteria they might carry. When vultures feel threatened they vomit (呕吐), and the smell of vomited-on dead bodies puts off most predators. Throwing up allows the vulture to fly away more quickly—and the vomit can hurt the aggressor's eyes and face.
Opossum (负鼠)
In some ways opossums have it easy. In order to become "dead", they don't have to fax anyone a death certificate. They just lie there with their tongues hanging out with the smell of dead flesh, sometimes for hours, effectively convincing potential predators (捕食者) they can find a much fresher meal elsewhere. Even if they keep getting attacked, they won't move any more than a human statue until the threat has passed.
Hoatzin (麝雉)
Hold your nose and meet the hoatzin, a bird with a number of distinctions, not the least of which is that it smells like fresh cow shit. The animal mostly eats leaves and it's the only bird known to digest by fermentation (发酵), like a cow. This process is what causes its smell and has earned it the nickname the "stink bird.".
Millipede (千足虫)
Millipedes are tricky. For starters they look wormy. Their name is deceptive, too: Their legs number about 750. Their major defense is to curl up into a ball. They, though, also release a noxious defensive spray that can irritate skin, harm eyes, and leave a horrible smell on their attackers.
Sea hare (海兔)
The graceful sea hare is plain in taste in the first place, so it's not the most popular dish in the sea food chain. Nonetheless, this type of sea creature has a pretty creative smell-related defense that is almost the opposite of its smelly companions on this list. The sea hare gives out a slimy, purple ink, the substance which makes food less attractive to predators.
Researchers using lobsters (龙虾) as model predators found that the sea hare ink blocks the lobster's receptive mechanism. In other words, the sea hare gives its attacker the equivalent of a stuffy nose so they don't know how appealing it is.
78. The sea hare defends itself from predators by _____.
A.becoming plain in taste at the discovery of a predator
B.giving out purple ink to make itself invisible to predators
C.releasing substance to make predators unable to smell it
D.giving off smelly gas to try to drive predators away
79. Which of the following statements is TURE according to the passage
A.The vulture carries bacteria so that predators dare not get close to it.
B.The opossum fakes its death to avoid being targeted by predators.
C.The hoatzin eats cow shit so that it is nick-named as "stink bird."
D.The spray released by millipede was basically harmless.
80. The species that enjoys more than one defense mechanism is _____.
A.vulture B.opossum C.millipede D.sea hare
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
There was a little boy visiting his grandparents on their farm. He was given a slingshot (弹弓) to play with, but only in the woods. He practiced in the woods, but he could never hit the target. Getting a little discouraged, he headed back to dinner.
As he was walking back, he saw Grandma's pet duck. Just out of impulse (冲动), he hit the duck in the head and killed it. He was shocked. In a panic, he hid the dead duck in a woodpile only to see his sister watching. Sally had seen it all, but said nothing.
After lunch Grandma said, "Sally, let's wash the dishes." But Sally said, "Grandma, Johnny told me he wanted to do it today, didn't you, Johnny " And then she whispered to him, "Remember the duck " So Johnny did the dishes.
Later, Grandpa asked if the children wanted to go fishing, and Grandma said, "I'm sorry, but I need Sally to help make supper." But Sally said with a smile, "Well, Johnny told me he wanted to help." And she whispered again, "Remember the duck " So Sally went fishing and Johnny stayed at home.
After several days of Johnny doing both his housework and Sally's, he finally couldn't stand it any longer. He came to Grandma uneasily and said that he killed the duck. She gave him a hug, and said, "I know that. But because I love you, I forgive you. But I was wondering just how long would you let Sally make a slave of you."
How often we allow ourselves to be enslaved by our unwillingness to expose our wrong doings We just go on living and sacrifice (牺牲) our peaceful mind. So we cannot even enjoy the good in our lives. Everybody, please take courage to speak out your faults and you will be rewarded with great relief and relaxation.
81. The little boy went back home discouraged because _____.
A.he missed his slingshot in the woods
B.his grandparents only let him play in the woods
C.he found it boring to play with a slingshot on his own
D.he always missed the target while playing with his slingshot
82. When he found that he had killed his grandma's pet duck, _____.
A.he was very scared B.he was very excited
C.he was quite ashamed D.he was very discontent
83. When Sally asked Johnny to do her share of housework, Johnny agreed because _____.
A.he cared for his sister greatly
B.his sister often worked for him
C.his sister knew his wrongdoing
D.he wanted to please his grandmother
84. By saying that Sally made a slave of Johnny, the grandmother meant that _____.
A.Sally educated Johnny to take his life seriously
B.Sally asked Johnny to hire a hard working slave
C.Sally often asked Johnny to watch over the slave
D.Sally controlled him and made him obey her orders
85. What would be the best title for the passage
A.Remember the Duck B.Human Relationship
C.Peaceful Mind D.Experience in the Countryside
答案
第一部分
1 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：I used the first one yesterday when I was in a pet shop, getting my dogs some food.昨天我在宠物店用了第一张卡片，为了给我的狗买一些食物。
2 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是词义猜测题。由前文的我有两只狗和后文的一只是大狗，可推测出puppy是指小狗。
3 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：She had just had an operation and couldn't lift things very well.她刚刚做完手术，还不能很好地提东西。
4 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据首段的“The thing that made me notice the little dog was that he was in a begging (乞讨的) position in front of a stand which sold cakes and biscuits on the market day.”可知。
5 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据第四段的“As a vet's wife, she also had to work very hard and we weren't able to go out together very often. ”可知，作者夫妇平时很忙，没有多少时间外出。
6 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“One of our men found him lying by the roadside about a mile out of town and brought him in. I'm afraid he's been knocked down.”和末段的“I could see that he had cuts all over his body and one leg lay in such a way that I knew it must be broken.”可知，狗受伤了。
7 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是词义猜测题。根据第四段的“my wife Helen and I had a picnic planned for ourselves”可知作者和太太本打算外出野餐，故此处的“the chance”指的就是和她丈夫去野餐。
8 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。此题是细节理解题。根据第二段的“The government gave Jack lots of food, clothes and guns. Then they put him on a plane and took him to a lonely place.”可知答案。
9 . B
【解析】正确答案是B。此题是细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The mother was a very good mother. She gave milk to her babies. She gave them lessons about life.”可知答案。
10 . C
【解析】正确答案是C。此题是词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Jack was afraid when he thought of these stories. He always took his gun with him.”可推知，人们给Jack讲的是恐怖故事，故选C。
11 . D
【解析】正确答案是D。此题是细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Jack watched them for five months.”可知答案。
12 . D
【解析】正确答案是D。此题是细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He wanted people to understand them and not to kill them.”可知答案。
13 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015……，可知The Jamala Wildlife Lodge的历史并不长。
14 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The Giraffe Treehouse is set among the giraffe enclosures (围场), and the Jungle Bungalows are luxurious individual suites which are next to either lion, cheetah (猎豹), brown bear, or Malaysian sun bear enclosures.，可知the Giraffe Threehouse 里面有熊。
15 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：Housing up to 26 people, the Ushaka House is built around the monkey enclosure and has a built-in aquarium which offers private views of some of the zoo's sharks.，可知在the Ushaka House 可以看到鲨鱼。
16 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。答案出处：The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015, which was set up in an effort to educate visitors about aiding the survival of many of the world's endangered species.，可知目的是拯救濒危动物。
17 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章在介绍the Jamala Wildlife Lodge。因此，正确答案是A。
18 . C
19 . B
20 . A
21 . D
22 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是主旨大意题。根据末段的末句“The young woman was so moved (感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.”可知这个故事讲述了一只大象使夫妻破镜重圆的故事。
23 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段的首句“Three months later the woman went back to her parents'home, having quarreled with her husband. ”可知选C项。
24 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三两句“ Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. ”以及大象后来的行为可知，大象很想念那个女人，故选B。
25 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据末段的首句“It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. ”可知大象去找她了。故选B。
26 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Then they turned on their recorders so they could watch and listen.”可知，科学家们打开录像机是为了便于他们观察公鸡的活动并听公鸡打鸣。
27 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。由第三段中的“Yet they continued to crow about once a day...”可知，在昏暗的灯光下生活时，公鸡仍旧每天打一次鸣。
28 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。由第五段最后一句“...irregular light or the sounds of other roosters, can weaken a rooster's circadian rhythm.”可知，不规律的光线，其它公鸡的啼鸣等外部信息会减弱公鸡的昼夜节律。
29 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是标题归纳题。由文章第一段第二句可知，本文围绕公鸡打鸣的原因展开，C项作标题符合文章主旨。
30 . D
31 . A
32 . C
33 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段中“The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015”可知Jamala Wildlife Lodge于2015年1月开业，其历史很短。
34 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是细节理解题。根据第四段中“The Giraffe Treehouse is set among the giraffe enclosures (围场), and the Jungle Bungalows are luxurious individual suites which are next to either lion, cheetah (猎豹), brown bear, or Malaysian sun bear enclosures. ”可知，在Giraffe Treehous可以看到棕熊。
35 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第五段中“Housing up to 26 people, the Ushaka House is built around the monkey enclosure and has a built-in aquarium which offers private views of some of the zoo's sharks.”可知，在Ushaka House可以看到鲨鱼。
36 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据“The Jamala Wildlife Lodge opened its doors in January 2015, which was set up in an effort to educate visitors about aiding the survival of many of the world's endangered specie. ”可知建立Jamala Wildlife Lodge的目标是帮助濒危动物存活下去。
37 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是推理判断题。本文主要介绍了澳大利亚的Jamala Wildlife Lodge的内部概况，故选A。
38 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是主旨大意题。根据第二段中的主旨句“When it comes to hearing communication, not every member of a species is just alike.”可知同一物种中的所有成员的之间的沟通方式并不相同，所以可知不同的方言可能会出现在同一物种中。
39 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One study shows that iguanas (鬣蜥蜴) do not communicate by making sound, but their well-developed ears help them hear well the warning calls of the flycatcher (a type of small bird). The two species have nothing in common except for the fact that they share a general habitat and enemies. So when an iguana hears a bird make a signal of danger for other birds, it probably knows to be watchful for arriving enemies, too.”可知鬣蜥蜴与小鸟不会交流，但是能够听见小鸟发出的预警，所以小鸟发出预警时，鬣蜥蜴也可以及时躲避，因此鬣蜥蜴与小鸟相处得很好。
40 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是句意理解题。根据后文中的“Increased shipping traffic over the last century has greatly affected the spread of whale song around the ocean basin. Studies have found that songbirds, too, suffer from noisy city surroundings. Some species have had to change their singing styles, producing songs that sound louder, in order to be heard above the noise. Their new voices usually lead to stranger and somewhat worse styles of singing that female birds find decidedly less sexy. 上个世纪船舶运输的增加极大地影响了鲸鱼歌声在海洋盆地周围的传播。研究发现，鸣禽也会受到城市嘈杂环境的影响。一些物种不得不改变它们的演唱风格，为了让其他动物能在嘈杂声中听到它们的歌声，它们不得不制造出声音更大的歌声。它们新发出的声音通常会导致更奇怪、更糟糕的歌唱风格，而雌鸟发现它明显不那么性感。”可知噪音污染，导致很多动物之间的交流出现了障碍。
41 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Their new voices usually lead to stranger and somewhat worse styles of singing that female birds find decidedly less sexy”可知因为噪音污染，雄鸟会改变自己的叫声，导致对雌鸟的吸引力下降。
42 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是推理判断题。根据全文可知作者主要是通过列举蓝鲸、鬣蜥蜴和鸟类等等的例子来说明动物之间的交流方式。
43 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Russia police have started a new attempt to get drivers to slow down at zebra crossings by having painted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities in an attempt to improve road safety and raise awareness among Russia's notoriously careless drivers.”可知，俄罗斯警方开始了一项新的尝试，试图让司机在斑马线上放慢车速。在一些大城市，他们让“斑马”（被画上条纹的马）在商业街上走来走去，试图改善道路安全，提高素以粗心大意著称的俄罗斯司机的认识。故D选项正确。
44 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是词义猜测题。根据该段内容可知，浅灰色的马身上被画上黑色条纹。警方将这些“斑马”送到俄罗斯首都不同的地方。在这些地方，身穿橘色衣服的警官们领着它们穿过斑马线，同时给过往行人发传单。很明显，them指的是被画上斑马条纹的马，而非真正的斑马。故B选项正确。
45 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take the initiative to avoid pedestrians. ”可知，俄罗斯的道路很危险，司机们仍然很少主动避让行人。由此可知，司机们很少给行人让路。故C选项正确。
46 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据第五段中的“animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea, accusing the police of “treating animals like garbage”可知，动物权利保护主义者不同意这种做法，指责警方将动物当作垃圾来对待，即：动物们受到了虐待。故B选项正确。
47 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是观点态度题。倒数第二和第三段主要介绍了动物权利保护主义者对警方这一做法的态度。他们认为这是在虐待动物。根据最后一段“Let’s hope this part of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrians’ awareness.”可知，作者希望这部分运动已经结束，动物被排除在未来提高行人意识的努力之外。即：作者也不赞成这种做法，希望不要用动物来提高行人意识。故作者对此的态度是批评的。A选项正确。
48 . B
【解析】
词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“And he long ago predicted that by early in the 21st century, the Earth would start losing a surprising number of species”可知，生物学家Thomas Lovejoy曾预言，到21世纪初，将会有惊人数量的物种开始从地球上消失；根据“a prediction, unfortunately”和第三段中的“our changing environment is leading to great losses among bird species”可知，他的预言成了现实。故选B。
49 . C
【解析】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Hopefully, this will help raise people's awareness of this problem.”可知，此举的目的是引起人们对鸟类数量锐减这一问题

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