资源简介

(共31张PPT)
概要写作
summary
What is a summary
A summary is a brief statement that gives only the main points of something, not the details.
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
1
考纲要求
1. 考纲要求
概要写作。提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右（少于40或多于80词扣两分）的内容概要。阅卷时主要考虑以下内容：
1.对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；
2.应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；
3.上下文的连贯性；
4.对各要点表达的独立性情况。
2
写作特点
2. 写作特点
be thorough
be brief
restate/own words
be objective
3 写作步骤
分段
阅读
找要点
改写
修改
Read two or three times to find the structure.
Divide the whole passage into several parts and find the key point of each part.
Rewrite the key points by using your own words.
Polish the whole passage.
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60 词左右的内容概要。
We shouldn’t judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at One of the most important things is clothes, but it isn't the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.
Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they can't judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.
However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor, we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctor’s white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers or their colleagues who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.
But can our clothes really tell people what we are like Maybe not, but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes, they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.
Para.1
Para.3
Para.2
Para.4
Before writing:
Read
for style, structure and key points
体裁：说明文
主题：wearing clothes
Reading for Structure
How many parts can we divide the passage
Para 1：Part1→ topic
para2: evidence/example
para3: evidence/example
Part 2 supporting
details
para4: Part3 →conclusion
How to Get Key Points
topic sentence for each paragraph
Find:
the first/ last sentence/join them together
﹡ Summarize in your own words
Read for Key Points
Para.1
We shouldn’t judge a person by their appearance but we do. In fact, the experts say that when we meet someone for the first time we make a decision about what that person is like in three seconds. But what do we look at One of the most important things is clothes, but it isn't the brand of clothes that people wear that is important. The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Point 1
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Read for Key Points
Para.2
Schools have always understood this and a lot of them ask their students to wear a uniform. Why A lot of teachers think a uniform makes students feel that they are part of their school and that their uniform helps them to be serious about their studies. Teachers say that uniforms can help in other ways too. If all the students wear uniforms, they can't judge each other because of their clothes. It also avoids arguments about who or what is fashionable.
___________
____________________________________________________
1. ______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
2. ________________________________________________________
Point 2
_______________
3. ____________________________
____________
4. _________________________
_________
benefits
Read for Key Points
Para. 3
However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear. If we visit a doctor, we expect to see respectable clothes under the doctor’s white coat. When we go into a bank we expect the staff to wear suits or dresses. Police officers wear uniforms to deter crime by establishing a visible presence while on patrol, to make themselves easily identifiable to non-police officers or their colleagues who require assistance, and to quickly identify each other at crime scenes for ease of coordination. In fact, a lot of companies have dress codes for their staff because they know that the customers expect to see them dressed in certain types of clothes.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________
Point 3
_______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________
Read for Key Points
Para.4
But can our clothes really tell people what we are like Maybe not, but they can show our attitude to what we are doing at the moment. When people see us in the right clothes, they think we are serious about what we are doing. Furthermore, if we are clean, smart and polite, people will have confidence in us.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Point 4
List the Key Points
Para. Key points
1 It is important to wear the right clothes for the occasion.
2 Schools ask their students to wear a uniform. Why …
3 However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear …a doctor…a bank …Police officers …a lot of companies …
4 right clothes can show our attitude that we are serious about what we are doing.. Furthermore, people will have confidence in us.
After reading:
restate
the key points in your own words
in a different way
How to restate
2. use synonyms (同义词的运用)
3. summarize examples (概括)
5. combine sentences (合并句子)
4. sometimes change the voice (主被动语态转换)
1. change the sentence structure (句型转换)
Examples of restating the key points
Key point 1 The important thing is to wear the right clothes for the occasion.
restate
①Wearing right clothes for occasions is significant.
②Since judging a person by their appearance is unavoidable, wearing proper clothes for different occasions is more than vital.
③Clothes should be worn suitably for different occasions
Examples of restating the key points
Key point 2 Schools ask their students to wear a uniform. Why …
restate
①Students are required to wear uniforms for various benefits.
②Teachers think uniforms can make student serious about their study seriously and avoid arguments.
③wearing uniforms at school can help students become serious about their study and avoid many problems
Examples of restating the key points
Key point 3 However, it is not only schools that want people to dress in a certain way. We all have fixed ideas about what the people in a certain profession should wear …a doctor…a bank …Police officers …a lot of companies …
restate
② Different jobs need different clothes for customers' expectations.
③ People should attach importance to what they wear in certain ways.
① Different professions should dress themselves in certain ways.
Examples of restating the key points
Key point 4 Right clothes can show our attitude that we are serious about what we are doing.. Furthermore, people will have confidence in us.
restate
② Suitable clothes can show others we are serious and confident.
③ Suitable clothes can make other aware of our seriousness and confidence.
① Proper clothes can present our attitudes such as being serious and confident.
After writing:
Use proper conjunctions(连接词） to polish your passage.
Introduction: The passage/article focuses on/mainly tells us…
表转折：but, however, though, although
表并列、递进：as well as, in addition to, not only...but also, besides, what’s more, furthermore,...
表对比：meanwhile, on the other hand, on the contrary, contrast ,...
表列举：firstly/secondly/finally/...
表原因：because (of) ,due to, on account of,...; for…
表举例：for example/instance, such as, and so on
Ending：therefore, consequently, In short, in conclusion, in a word…
使用合适的连接词
Sample：
The article mainly tells us wearing proper clothes is important for people’s first impressions.(要点1) For example, schools require students to wear uniforms for various benefits.(要点2) Besides schools, other places, like hospitals, banks, police stations and some companies also want their staffs to dress in uniforms properly. (要点3) In conclusion, our clothes can show our attitudes, such as being serious and having confidence .(要点4) (62词)
some mistakes
83 words
key point missing
Conclusion： How to Write a Good Summary
仔细阅读文本：读结构、读主题句、读关键信息。
2. 用自己的语言表述文章的关键点，注意句子的语法结构和词汇的准确性，避免抄袭原句，不遗漏要点。(段落=要点)
3. 运用适当的连接词润色文章。
4. 关注所写概要的词数

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