资源简介

福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中2021-2022第一学期期中考
高二年英语试卷
完卷时间：120分钟 满 分：150分
第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why will the woman go outside
A. She needs to walk her dog.
B. She would like some exercise.
C. She wants to enjoy the weather.
2. What will the speakers probably do first
A. Drive home directly. B. Get some fast food. C. Cook dinner.
3. What is the weather like at the moment
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
4. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
5. How did the woman feel about her holiday
A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised.
第二节： 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where might the conversation take place
A. At a supermarket. B. At a McDonald’s. C. At a gas station.
7 How much should the woman pay
A. $20. B. $26. C. $50.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers talking about
A. The animals they like.
B. The pets they see.
C. The dreams they had.
9. What do we know about the animals in the store
A. They are all for sale.
B. They are all dangerous.
C. They have all been rescued.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man say about the new battery
A. It’s expensive. B. It’s very light. C. It lasts long.
11. What does the man want the woman to do
A. Make an appointment for him.
B. Repair a mobile phone for him.
C. Introduce a new product to him.
12. When will the man come
A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How much does it cost to rent the studio apartment
A. $200 per month. B. $400 per month. C. $600 per month.
14. What kind of pet does the man have
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A snake.
15. Where does the man want to live
A. In a three-bedroom apartment.
B. In a cheap apartment downtown.
C. In a pet-friendly apartment in the suburbs.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Earn more money.
B. Look for a cheap studio.
C. Share an apartment with another person.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 How long is the training period
A. 18 months. B. 12 months. C. 6 months.
18. Who is Brian Dong raising a dog for now
A. A man who is deaf.
B. A man who is blind.
C. A man who has emotional problems.
19. What does it mean when a dog wears a yellow jacket
A. It is still in training.
B. It is owned by the police.
C. It is with a disabled person.
20. Where will training courses for volunteers be held
A. At a university.
B. At a community center.
C At the local fire department.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节 ,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
People often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself Surprisingly, a closer look at it can reveal a good many curious details.
The most obvious characteristic of the majority of Americans is that they smile a lot. It does not matter whether they have a strong reason to smile；they do it，sometimes simply because they have to. A smile is not just a powerful marketing tool but also a way to show that someone is friendly，and that life in general is fine. Europeans, on the contrary(相反), prefer to keep a more neutral(不带感彩的)facial expression. They smile mostly when they are in a good mood，or feel amused；if not, a European's face will remain neutral, or even dull. In Russia, for example, there is a proverb saying that laughing for no reason is a sign of a fool. It does not mean that Europeans are serious, or that they do not have a sense of humor.
The same refers to communication in general. Americans are extremely communicative;small talks and chats are common. Europeans talk mostly when there is something to say, and rarely enter communication just for the purpose of talking to other people. American people prefer to express what they think carefully, considering how it might affect surrounding people. Europeans are more straightforward, even with unfamiliar people. A European friend will almost always voice his opinion on different occasions, and will not hesitate to remind you that you need to lose some weight or take a shower.
It can be said that Americans are people of contrasts. They are open minded, flexible, and ready to accept everything new enthusiastically; but at the same time, American society manages to bring up unbelievable conservatives(保守者). Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in most cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice, but it can also mess up daily or even private communication, sometimes preventing having close relationships. Europeans, on the contrary, are more straightforward, preferring to tell the truth in direct ways. Each way of communication is different — neither is correct or incorrect.
1. What does the author say about smiling
A. It is a powerful marketing tool across cultures.
B. It is culture related within western countries.
C. It is thought of as a sign of a fool in America.
D. It is regarded as a social necessity in Europe.
2. What is typical of Europeans' communication
A. Beating around the bush. B. Hiding their feelings carefully.
C. Expressing themselves openly. D. Having small talks and chats.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Being politically correct.
B. Being straightforward.
C. Accepting everything new.
D. Raising unbelievable conservatives.
4. How is the text mainly developed
A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing cause and effect.
C. By classifying body language. D. By discussing research findings.
5. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. Ways of communication in American society.
B. Ways of communication in European society.
C. The differences between Americans and Europeans.
D. Cultural differences in Western countries.
B
If you could travel in time, where would you go Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare's play in Elizabethan England What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.
The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895 . It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called "wormholes", which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship-going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple .
Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time
And would you really like to visit the future In H. G. Wells' book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles (触角).
If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
6. The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show________.
A. the long history of time travel
B. the contribution of H.G. Wells
C. the story's different features
D. people's interest in time travel
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels.
B. There are films, comic books and dramas adapted from the novel The Time Machine.
C. Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago.
D. It was H.G. Wells who invented the term "time machine".
8. Einstein's and Hawking's theories________.
A. suggest the possibility of time travel
B. have been proved wrong by some time travelers
C. have similarities because both are based on experiments
D. have pushed the invention of the first spaceship
9. In Paragraph 4, "grandfather paradox" probably refers to the idea that________.
A. the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness
B. the grandfather's death makes the traveler's birth impossible
C. the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather
D. the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather
10. According to the passage what is probably the author's attitude towards time travel？
A. Unclear. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.
C
A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature
Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Japanese manga series about noble life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate ” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off—usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point.
As English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility.” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In the article Why do people hate humblebragging , psychologist Dr. Susan noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s achievements in a circuitous way.
However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy doesn’t work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca and Michael concluded that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former’s insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,” said Francesca Gino.
So how can we annoy humblebraggers back “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with sincere sympathy for their complaints.”
11. Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”
A. It’s a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly.
B. You know who my father is My father is Li Gang.
C. I’m fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around.
D. Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose.
12 What is the psychology behind humblebragging
A. To win others’ sympathy. B. To mask his/her complaint.
C. To earn others’ admiration. D. To show his/her sincerity.
13. What does the underlined world “circuitous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Indefinite. B. Roundabout. C. Straightforward. D. Double-edged.
14. What can’t be inferred from the passage
A. Braggers are relatively more sincere than humblebraggers.
B. Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble.
C. To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers.
D. Avoid using Versailles literature and you’ll be perceived positively.
15. What are people advised to do when hearing humblebragging from a friend
A. Leave it alone. B. Get to the root of it. C. Follow it up. D. Turn against it.
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies China’s “Water tower” Sanjiangyuan._____16_____The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River, provide water for about half the population of China. However, human activities such as overgrazing(过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.
_____17_____. In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China’s national park system._____18_____Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.
Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of eco-protection._____19_____For example, Herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.
The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum, “Building an ecological civilization bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilization.” With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals._____20_____
A. Hopefully, though, we have realized the damage.
B. It’s home to the headwater of China’s three big rivers.
C. Unfortunately, the situation has got worse and worse.
D. It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.
E. The park has increased the area’s green coverage and attracted more wildlife.
F. Hopefully, the success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.
G. The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
Liao Xiaojuan, an online mango seller in Baise, Guangxi Zhuang, Autonomous Region, Autonomous Region, is called “mango beauty” by her countrymen in Guangxi. Liao Xiaojuan is among a growing number of female college graduates who have found commercial success in China’s rural areas.
Like many of her peers, Liao, 26, ____21____ an office job upon graduating from a college seven years ago in Nanning.Then came the light-bulb moment for the digital marketing graduate.
Since she was very young. Liao has been helping out during summer ____22____at her family's mango plantation in Baise. But it was not until a recent ____23____back home that she began to____24____the business opportunities underling the traditional mango industry that has for decades____25____an economic pillar in her rural hometown.
The local farmers there, who have____26____to ride the wave of the nation’s e-commerce boom, depend heavily on____27____distribution channels.
Knowing that, purchasers had often driven a hard bargain, greatly damaging economic interests of the fruit____28____.
"Then I thought to myself, why don't I help____29____ mangoes online " said Liao, who quit her job in Nanning in 2014 to return to her hometown. Her efforts____30____soon. She sold out her family's mangoes quickly, earning more profits than before.
That ____31____her to extend a helping hand to her____32____in the village. Then she started live-streaming sessions to further promote the local fruit. Now she has set up a company of her own, selling mangoes and other local____33____ online.
"A college education in digital marketing is definitely vital, but e-commerce is impossible if there’s no reliable Internet access,” the “mango beauty”said,____34____that Internet service has expanded rapidly in villages in recent years. She hopes more young people can join her because this is a____35____career.
21. A. discovered B. chose C. quit D. fixed
22. A. camps B. breaks C. sessions D. courses
23. A. visit B. flight C. interview D. activity
24. A. reward B. realize C. analyse D. adjust
25. A. looked like B. lay in C. agreed with D. served as
26. A. struggled B. refused C. pretended D. tended
27. A. latest B. old-fashioned C. strange D. innovative
28. A. founders B. buyers C. deliverers D. growers
29. A. purchase B. store C. promote D. advocate
30. A. gave out B. took off C. paid off D. caught on
31. A. forced B. inspired C. reminded D. required
32. A. neighbors B. classmates C. friends D. citizens
33. A. information B. equipment C. produce D. furniture
34. A. adding B. warning C. complaining D. recommending
35. A. declining B. promising C. challenging D. demanding
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The e-commerce company that people talk about most these days is neither Amazon nor Alibaba. It is Pinduoduo (PDD), ____36____ Chinese firm that just started in 2015 as an online food supplier, but whose success ____37____ (drive) its market value above $200 billion so far. Last year it was China's fastest-growing Internet stock (股票), ____38____ (rise) by 330%.
PDD attracts attention ____39____ two reasons. One is its business model. David Liu, vice-president of strategy, explains that it has ridden the rise of smartphone popularization rate in China to create an e-commerce experience ____40____ people club together (分担费用) to buy products. During the spread of COVID-19, this has expanded into a fast-growing business across towns and villages, in which PDD's users gather to order ____41____ (deliver) of local farm produce at bargain prices. This is called “community group-buy”, also ____42____ (know) as “interactive commerce”.
The second is the way PDD has broken the myth that the giants of online shopping are ____43____ (absolute) unbeatable. Until a few years ago, China's e-commerce market seemed a two-way contest between Alibaba and , ____44____ it is not the case now. Experts expect PDD's share of online sales in China ____45____ (be) larger than that of JD in 2021 and the number of users to surpass Alibaba.
第四部分 课内知识(共三节 ,满分25分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分,满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
clarify incredible lower academic luxury edge merely
46. Lie-flatters are different from previous generations, who didn’t have the pleasure or advantage to “ lie flat”.
47. In my opinion, your plan is just a castle in the air.
48. The “double reduction” policy has lessened students’ schoolwork burden and peer pressure.
49. The Internet could help reduce costs and raise productivity in all walks of life.
50. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to make the message easier to understand and strengthen key points.
51. The cave opening is too narrow, so we have to advance slowly through it.
52. Battle of the Changjin Reservoir is an extremely good film from the beginning to the end.
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分)
根据语境,选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或短语。
wander accompany the instant encounter persuade ban early on found employ appeal to
53. I suggested the woman ________ her son to buy the toy, after all, he's just 6 years old.
54. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations ________only since the mid-1980s.
55. Please give me a call ________ you get this message.
56. Live music performances continue to ________ because of the return of COVID-19.
57. I ________around Three Lanes and Seven Alleys at this time tomorrow morning.
58. ________ a lot of challenges , William doesn’t lose heart.
59. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an fantastic theme park ________ you.
60. Xiamen University, ________ in 1921, celebrated its 100th birthday in 2021.
第三节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
翻译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英,84-85题进行英译汉。
61. 身处这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方，我感到活着是幸运的。（使用动词ing形式；bless；动词不定式) (汉译英）
62. 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。(使用there be句型; 否定词+比较级） (汉译英）
63. 你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪斯尼乐园，世界上好几个地方都有迪斯尼乐园。(使用定语从句；familiar） (汉译英）
64. In 1967, the Chinese formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. (英译汉)
65. It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.(英译汉)
第五部分 写作(满分 25分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友David计划暑期到中国旅游，请你给他写封邮件推荐一个城市，并说明推荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
Long time no see.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2021-2022学年福建省福州市八县（市、区）一中高二上学期期中联考英语试题
完卷时间：120分钟 满 分：150分
第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why will the woman go outside
A. She needs to walk her dog.
B. She would like some exercise.
C. She wants to enjoy the weather.
2. What will the speakers probably do first
A. Drive home directly. B. Get some fast food. C. Cook dinner.
3. What is the weather like at the moment
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
4. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.
5. How did the woman feel about her holiday
A. Excited. B. Disappointed. C. Surprised.
第二节： 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where might the conversation take place
A. At a supermarket. B. At a McDonald’s. C. At a gas station.
7. How much should the woman pay
A. $20. B. $26. C. $50.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What are the speakers talking about
A. The animals they like.
B. The pets they see.
C. The dreams they had.
9. What do we know about the animals in the store
A. They are all for sale.
B. They are all dangerous.
C. They have all been rescued.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the man say about the new battery
A. It’s expensive. B. It’s very light. C. It lasts long.
11. What does the man want the woman to do
A. Make an appointment for him.
B. Repair a mobile phone for him.
C. Introduce a new product to him.
12. When will the man come
A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How much does it cost to rent the studio apartment
A. $200 per month. B. $400 per month. C. $600 per month.
14. What kind of pet does the man have
A. A cat. B. A dog. C. A snake.
15. Where does the man want to live
A. In a three-bedroom apartment.
B. In a cheap apartment downtown.
C. In a pet-friendly apartment in the suburbs.
16. What does the woman advise the man to do
A. Earn more money.
B. Look for a cheap studio.
C. Share an apartment with another person.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How long is the training period
A. 18 months. B. 12 months. C. 6 months.
18. Who is Brian Dong raising a dog for now
A. A man who is deaf.
B. A man who is blind.
C. A man who has emotional problems.
19. What does it mean when a dog wears a yellow jacket
A. It is still in training.
B. It is owned by the police.
C. It is with a disabled person.
20. Where will training courses for volunteers be held
A. At a university.
B. At a community center.
C. At the local fire department.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节 ,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
People often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself Surprisingly, a closer look at it can reveal a good many curious details.
The most obvious characteristic of the majority of Americans is that they smile a lot. It does not matter whether they have a strong reason to smile；they do it，sometimes simply because they have to. A smile is not just a powerful marketing tool but also a way to show that someone is friendly，and that life in general is fine. Europeans, on the contrary(相反), prefer to keep a more neutral(不带感彩的)facial expression. They smile mostly when they are in a good mood，or feel amused；if not, a European's face will remain neutral, or even dull. In Russia, for example, there is a proverb saying that laughing for no reason is a sign of a fool. It does not mean that Europeans are serious, or that they do not have a sense of humor.
The same refers to communication in general. Americans are extremely communicative;small talks and chats are common. Europeans talk mostly when there is something to say, and rarely enter communication just for the purpose of talking to other people. American people prefer to express what they think carefully, considering how it might affect surrounding people. Europeans are more straightforward, even with unfamiliar people. A European friend will almost always voice his opinion on different occasions, and will not hesitate to remind you that you need to lose some weight or take a shower.
It can be said that Americans are people of contrasts. They are open minded, flexible, and ready to accept everything new enthusiastically; but at the same time, American society manages to bring up unbelievable conservatives(保守者). Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in most cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice, but it can also mess up daily or even private communication, sometimes preventing having close relationships. Europeans, on the contrary, are more straightforward, preferring to tell the truth in direct ways. Each way of communication is different — neither is correct or incorrect.
1. What does the author say about smiling
A. It is a powerful marketing tool across cultures.
B. It is culture related within western countries.
C. It is thought of as a sign of a fool in America.
D. It is regarded as a social necessity in Europe.
2. What is typical of Europeans' communication
A. Beating around the bush. B. Hiding their feelings carefully.
C. Expressing themselves openly. D. Having small talks and chats.
3. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Being politically correct.
B. Being straightforward.
C. Accepting everything new.
D. Raising unbelievable conservatives.
4. How is the text mainly developed
A. By making comparisons. B. By analyzing cause and effect.
C. By classifying body language. D. By discussing research findings.
5. What is the passage mainly talking about
A. Ways of communication in American society.
B. Ways of communication in European society.
C. The differences between Americans and Europeans.
D. Cultural differences in Western countries.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. A 5. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。西方国家之间对于同一事物的理解也存在着文化差异，文章主要通过对比美国人和欧洲人在微笑上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself Surprisingly, a closer look at it can reveal a good many curious details.（人们经常谈论西方和东方国家的文化差异，但是西方世界本身呢？令人惊讶的是，仔细观察它可以揭示出许多有趣的细节）”结合下文通过对比美国人和欧洲人在对待微笑的理解上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异。由此可知，作者认为微笑与西方国家的自身文化有关。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A European friend will almost always voice their opinion on different occasions, and will not hesitate to remind you that you need to lose some weight or take a shower.（一个欧洲朋友几乎总是会在不同场合发表自己的意见，并且会毫不犹豫地提醒您，您需要减肥或洗个澡）”可知，欧洲人交流的典型特征是公开表达自己的想法。故选C。
【3题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分所在句子“Americans are extremely politically correct, which, in most cases, is indeed a secure and beneficial practice, but it can also mess up daily or even private communication, sometimes preventing having close relationships.（美国人在政治上非常正确，在大多数情况下，这确实是一种安全和有益的做法，但它也会扰乱日常甚至私人交流，有时会妨碍亲密关系的建立）”可知， it指代的是本句话中前面出现的内容，即“Americans are extremely politically correct”。故选A。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过对比美国人和欧洲人在微笑上的不同来分析文化对于西方人的影响，因此这是通过做比较的方法来组织文章的思路的。故选A。
【5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“People often talk about cultural differences between western and eastern countries, but how about the western world itself （人们经常谈论西方和东方国家的文化差异，但是西方世界本身呢？）”结合下文通过对比美国人和欧洲人在对待微笑的理解上的不同来分析西方人的文化差异可知，本文主要介绍了西方世界的文化差异。故选D。
B
If you could travel in time, where would you go Perhaps you would watch a performance of a Shakespeare's play in Elizabethan England What about hanging out with Laozi in the Spring and Autumn Period Or maybe you'd voyage far ahead of the present day to see what the future holds.
The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel The Time Machine, written by H. G. Wells and published in 1895 . It was adapted into at least two feature films of the same name, as well as two television versions, and a large number of comic book adaptations. It is generally credited with the popularization of the concept of time travel using a vehicle that allows an operator to travel purposefully and selectively. The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally referred to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.
But could time travel actually be possible Some scientists say yes, in theory. They propose using cracks in time and space called "wormholes", which could be used as shortcuts to other periods. Einstein's theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship-going at nearly the speed of light. Though building such a spaceship wouldn’t of course be simple .
Even if you could travel into the past, there is something called the "grandfather paradox". It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn't born, how would he travel back in time
And would you really like to visit the future In H. G. Wells' book, the main character travels into distant time where he arrives at a beach and is attacked by giant crabs. He then voyages 30 million years into the future where the only living thing is a black object with tentacles (触角).
If that's what's in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.
6. The novel The Time Machine mentioned in Paragraph 2 aims to show________.
A. the long history of time travel
B. the contribution of H.G. Wells
C. the story's different features
D. people's interest in time travel
7. Which of the following statements is TRUE
A. The Time Machine is one of the bestselling science fiction novels.
B. There are films, comic books and dramas adapted from the novel The Time Machine.
C. Works of Literature about time travel first appeared one hundred years ago.
D. It was H.G. Wells who invented the term "time machine".
8. Einstein's and Hawking's theories________.
A. suggest the possibility of time travel
B. have been proved wrong by some time travelers
C. have similarities because both are based on experiments
D. have pushed the invention of the first spaceship
9. In Paragraph 4, "grandfather paradox" probably refers to the idea that________.
A. the reunion of the traveler and his grandfather brings happiness
B. the grandfather's death makes the traveler's birth impossible
C. the traveler goes back in time to seek for his grandfather
D. the traveler is prevented from meeting his grandfather
10. According to the passage what is probably the author's attitude towards time travel？
A. Unclear. B. Supportive. C. Doubtful. D. Unconcerned.
【答案】6. D 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。人类一直对时间旅行很感兴趣。从理论上来说，且根据一些科幻书籍以及科学家所说，时间旅行是可以的。但是，从另一个角度而言，时间旅行未必是好事。因此作者认为我们还是生活在现在的好。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The possibility of time travel is indeed appealing. Stories exploring the subject have been around for hundreds of years. Perhaps the best known example is science fiction novel. The Time Machine, which was written by H.G. Wells and published in 1895 for the first time…(时间旅行的可能性确实很吸引人。探索这个主题的故事已经有几百年了。小说The Time Machine就是一个例子)”由此可推知，在第二段中提到The Time Machine这部小说就是想表明人们对时间旅行的兴趣。故选D项。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“The term "time machine", coined by Wells, is now universally used to refer to a vehicle transporting people into the far future.（“时间机器”这个术语，由Wells创造，现在被普遍用于指把人们运送到遥远的未来）”可知，是H.G.Wells发明了“时间机器”这个术语。故选D项。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。第三段第一句提出问题“But could time travel actually be possible (但是时间旅行实际上是可能的吗？)”，接下来举了爱因斯坦和霍金的例子“Einstein’s theory of relativity allows time travel in extreme circumstances. And British physicist Stephen Hawking says you could travel into the future with a really fast spaceship going at nearly the speed of light(爱因斯坦的相对论使得在极端情况下可以进行时间旅行。英国物理学家斯蒂芬霍金说，你可以用一艘非常快的宇宙飞船以接近光速的速度旅行到未来)”可知，霍金和爱因斯坦的理论表明了时间旅行的可能性。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“there is something called the “grandfather paradox”. It asks what would happen if a time traveler were to go back in time and have his own grandfather killed for some reason, and therefore prevent himself from being born. If the time traveler wasn’t born, how would he travel back in time （有一种现象叫做“祖父悖论”。它问的是，如果一个时间旅行者回到过去，由于某种原因杀死了自己的祖父，从而阻止了自己的出生，会发生什么事情。如果时间旅行者没有出生，他要怎么回到过去 ）”可知，“grandfather paradox”提出的观点就是：祖父死亡导致时间旅行者无法出生。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“If that’s what’s in store, maybe we are better just living in the present day after all.(如果这是未来可能发生的事，也许我们最好还是活在当下)”结合第四段提到“祖父悖论”使得时间旅行有可能不能实现；第五段以H.G.威尔斯的书为例，表明即使回到过去也有可能遭遇险境，可推知，作者对时间旅行持怀疑态度，故选C项。
C
A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature
Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Japanese manga series about noble life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate ” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off—usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point.
As English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility.” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In the article Why do people hate humblebragging , psychologist Dr. Susan noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s achievements in a circuitous way.
However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy doesn’t work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca and Michael concluded that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former’s insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,” said Francesca Gino.
So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with sincere sympathy for their complaints.”
11. Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”
A. It’s a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly.
B. You know who my father is My father is Li Gang.
C. I’m fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around.
D. Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose.
12. What is the psychology behind humblebragging
A. To win others’ sympathy. B. To mask his/her complaint.
C. To earn others’ admiration. D. To show his/her sincerity.
13. What does the underlined world “circuitous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Indefinite. B. Roundabout. C. Straightforward. D. Double-edged.
14. What can’t be inferred from the passage
A. Braggers are relatively more sincere than humblebraggers.
B. Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble.
C. To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers.
D. Avoid using Versailles literature and you’ll be perceived positively.
15. What are people advised to do when hearing humblebragging from a friend
A. Leave it alone. B. Get to the root of it. C. Follow it up. D. Turn against it.
【答案】11. D 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是“凡尔赛文学”，以及来源和存在形式。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Known as humblebragging, it is a boast disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate ” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off—usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point. (这被称为谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸。“我的房子太多了。我怎么决定要装饰哪一个呢？”和“我想今天早上我瘦了。当我意识到是因为我把昨晚男朋友送给我的巨大钻石戒指摘下来的时候，我非常失望。”其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质的东西，但人们假装这不是重点)”可知，“凡尔赛文学”是指谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸，其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质价值的东西。由此推知D项“有五个人排着队想和我约会，我都不知道约哪个好”是典型的“凡尔赛文学”。故选D。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars.(根据学者们的研究，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了在获得成功的同时得到别人的认可和喜欢)”可知，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了赢得别人的钦佩。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s achievements in a”可知，谦虚自夸是用自谦的方式来吹牛。结合上文说它是一种“伪装成抱怨的自夸”推知，这是一种间接表达优越感的方式。划线词circuitous的意思是“间接、迂回”。A. Indefinite.无期限的；B. Roundabout.迂回的；C. Straightforward.简单的；D. Double-edged双刃剑，有利有弊。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers (人们不喜欢吹牛的人，但至少他们觉得这些人比谦虚自夸者更真诚)”可知，A项“吹牛的人要比谦虚自夸者更真诚”可推出；第三段中“Nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility. (没有什么比谦虚的外表更容易骗人的了)”可知B选项“谦虚自夸是一种假装谦虚的表现”可推出；以及最后一段“So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with sincere sympathy for their complaints.”(那么，我们该如何回应这些谦虚的吹牛者呢？一位网友建议道：“不管他们炫耀什么，你都假装不懂。并对他们的抱怨报以真诚的同情。”)”可知C项“用真正的同情来回应会让谦虚的吹牛者泄气”可推出；故D项“如果你想被正面地看待，试着使用凡尔赛文学”从文中无法推出。故选D。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with sincere sympathy for their complaints.”(那么，我们该如何回应这些谦虚的吹牛者呢？一位网友建议道：“不管他们炫耀什么，你都假装不懂。并对他们的抱怨报以真诚的同情。”)”可知，当听到朋友谦虚的吹嘘时，人们应该别管它。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies China’s “Water tower” Sanjiangyuan._____16_____The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River, provide water for about half the population of China. However, human activities such as overgrazing(过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.
_____17_____. In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China’s national park system._____18_____Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.
Sanjiangyuan National Park is a model of eco-protection._____19_____For example, Herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.
The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized. As President Xi wrote in the congratulatory letter to the forum, “Building an ecological civilization bears great significance in the development and progress of human civilization.” With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals._____20_____
A. Hopefully, though, we have realized the damage.
B. It’s home to the headwater of China’s three big rivers.
C. Unfortunately, the situation has got worse and worse.
D. It attracts visitors with its fantastic nature beauty and various wildlife.
E. The park has increased the area’s green coverage and attracted more wildlife.
F. Hopefully the success of Sanjiangyuan will mark the start of a greener future.
G. The local government has different ways of slowing environmental degradation.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. F
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国将建立以三江源为龙头国家公园系统及其重要意义。
【16题详解】
根据前句“High on the Qinghai-Tibet plateau lies China’s “Water tower” Sanjiangyuan.(中国的“水塔”三江源坐落在青藏高原的高处。)”和后句“The three rivers: the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and Lancang River, provide water for about half the population of China.(三江:黄河、长江和澜沧江，为中国大约一半的人口提供水源。)”可知，此句为承上启下句。选择项中It指代上句中的“Sanjiangyuan”，“three big rivers”与下句中的“The three rivers”保持一致。所以B选项“它是中国三大河流的源头。”符合上下文语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“However, human activities such as overgrazing(过度放牧) are putting this ecosystem at risk.(然而，过度放牧等人类活动正将这个生态系统置于危险之中。)”和后句“In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China’s national park system.( 2016年，中国政府设立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的一个试点项目。)”可知，我们已经意识到保护生态环境的重要性。所以A选项“然而，令人欣慰的是，我们意识到了这种损害。”符合上下文语境，故选A。
【18题详解】
根据前句“In 2016, the Chinese government established Sanjiangyuan National Park, which was a pilot(试行) program for China’s national park system.( 2016年，中国政府设立了三江源国家公园，这是中国国家公园体系的一个试点项目。)”和后句“Due to the progress made in the region, Qinghai held the first National Park Forum on Aug 19.(由于该地区取得的进展，青海省于8月19日举行了首届国家公园论坛。)”可知，我们已经意识到保护生态环境的重要性。选择项中“The park”指代前句中的“Sanjiangyuan National Park”。所以E选项“公园增加了该地区的绿色覆盖率，吸引了更多的野生动物。”符合上下文语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“For example, Herdsmen have given their grasslands to nature and resettled in urban area. As for wildlife, they are monitored by field conservation stations to keep the environment in good condition.(例如，牧民把草原交给大自然，重新安置在城市。至于野生动物，野外保护站会对它们进行监测，以保持环境的良好状态。)”可知，这里是保护环境所采取的措施。所以G选项“当地政府有各种减缓环境恶化的方法。”符合上下文语境，故选G。
【20题详解】
根据首句“The idea of a national park system is still new in China, but it must be realized.(国家公园系统的想法在中国仍然是新的，但它必须实现。)”和前句“With great efforts，people may one day be able to enjoy themselves in the vast lands of Sanjiangyuan and run freely across the plains alongside nature’s animals. (经过艰苦的努力，人们也许有一天可以在三江源这片辽阔的土地上和大自然的动物们在一起自由自在地奔跑，)”可知，建立国家公园系统的想法在中国仍然是新的，环境保护的努力只是一个开始。所以F选项“三江源的成功有望标志着一个更加绿色的未来的开始。”符合上下文语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。
Liao Xiaojuan, an online mango seller in Baise, Guangxi Zhuang, Autonomous Region, Autonomous Region, is called “mango beauty” by her countrymen in Guangxi. Liao Xiaojuan is among a growing number of female college graduates who have found commercial success in China’s rural areas.
Like many of her peers, Liao, 26, ____21____ an office job upon graduating from a college seven years ago in Nanning.Then came the light-bulb moment for the digital marketing graduate.
Since she was very young. Liao has been helping out during summer ____22____at her family's mango plantation in Baise. But it was not until a recent ____23____back home that she began to____24____the business opportunities underling the traditional mango industry that has for decades____25____an economic pillar in her rural hometown.
The local farmers there, who have____26____to ride the wave of the nation’s e-commerce boom, depend heavily on____27____distribution channels.
Knowing that, purchasers had often driven a hard bargain, greatly damaging economic interests of the fruit____28____.
"Then I thought to myself, why don't I help____29____ mangoes online " said Liao, who quit her job in Nanning in 2014 to return to her hometown. Her efforts____30____soon. She sold out her family's mangoes quickly, earning more profits than before.
That ____31____her to extend a helping hand to her____32____in the village. Then she started live-streaming sessions to further promote the local fruit. Now she has set up a company of her own, selling mangoes and other local____33____ online.
"A college education in digital marketing is definitely vital, but e-commerce is impossible if there’s no reliable Internet access,” the “mango beauty”said,____34____that Internet service has expanded rapidly in villages in recent years. She hopes more young people can join her because this is a____35____career.
21. A. discovered B. chose C. quit D. fixed
22. A. camps B. breaks C. sessions D. courses
23. A. visit B. flight C. interview D. activity
24. A. reward B. realize C. analyse D. adjust
25. A. looked like B. lay in C. agreed with D. served as
26. A. struggled B. refused C. pretended D. tended
27. A. latest B. old-fashioned C. strange D. innovative
28 A. founders B. buyers C. deliverers D. growers
29. A. purchase B. store C. promote D. advocate
30. A. gave out B. took off C. paid off D. caught on
31. A. forced B. inspired C. reminded D. required
32. A. neighbors B. classmates C. friends D. citizens
33. A. information B. equipment C. produce D. furniture
34. A. adding B. warning C. complaining D. recommending
35. A. declining B. promising C. challenging D. demanding
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了广西百色的网上芒果卖家廖晓娟，被广西同胞称为“芒果美人”。介绍了她如何通过在网上卖芒果帮助当地的果农并取得成功的。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：和许多同龄人一样，26岁的廖七年前从南宁的一所大学毕业后，选择了一份办公室工作。A. discovered发现；B. chose选择；C. quit放弃；D. fixed修理。根据后文“an office job upon graduating from a college seven years ago in Nanning”指廖选择了一份办公室工作，应用choose。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从她很小的时候开始，暑假期间，廖一直在百色的自家芒果种植园帮忙。A. camps营地；B. breaks突破，短假；C. sessions会议；D. courses课程。根据上文“Since she was very young, Liao has been helping out during summer”可知廖从小就开始在暑假期间，给家里的芒果种植园帮忙，summer break表示“暑假”。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但直到最近回老家一次，她才开始意识到传统芒果产业背后的商机，几十年来，芒果产业一直是她家乡农村的经济支柱。A. visit拜访；B. flight战斗；C. interview采访；D. activity活动。根据后文“back home”可知廖最近回了一次老家，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但直到最近回老家一次，她才开始意识到传统芒果产业背后的商机，几十年来，芒果产业一直是她家乡农村的经济支柱。A. reward奖励；B. realize意识到；C. analyse分析；D. adjust调整。根据后文“the business opportunities underling the traditional mango industry”可知廖这次回家意识到了传统芒果产业背后的商机。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但直到最近回老家一次，她才开始意识到传统芒果产业背后商机，几十年来，芒果产业一直是她家乡农村的经济支柱。A. looked like看起来像；B. lay in储存；C. agreed with同意；D. served as担任。根据后文“an economic pillar in her rural hometown”可知芒果产业一直担任她家乡农村的经济支柱。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地的农民在这个国家电子商务繁荣的浪潮中苦苦挣扎，他们严重依赖老式的分销渠道。A. struggled挣扎；B. refused拒绝；C. pretended假装；D. tended倾向于。根据后文“to ride the wave of the nation’s e-commerce boom”可知如今电子商务繁荣，而当地的农民却因为分销渠道老式而苦苦挣扎。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地的农民在这个国家电子商务繁荣的浪潮中苦苦挣扎，他们严重依赖老式的分销渠道。A. latest最新的；B. old-fashioned老式的；C. strange奇怪的；D. innovative革新的。根据后文“purchasers had often driven a hard bargain”可推知，当地农民依赖老式的分销渠道，所以买主常常极力讨价还价。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：知道这一点后，买主们常常拼命讨价还价，极大地损害了果农的经济利益。A. founders创办者；B. buyers买主；C. deliverers快递员；D. growers种植者。根据上文“purchasers had often driven a hard bargain, greatly damaging economic interests of the fruit”可知买主们常常拼命讨价还价，极大地损害了果农的经济利益，“果农”即fruit growers。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：廖说：“然后我就想，为什么我不在网上帮忙推广芒果呢？”廖在2014年辞去了在南宁的工作，回到了家乡。A. purchase购买；B. store贮存；C. promote推广；D. advocate提倡。根据后文“mangoes online”指在网上推广芒果，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的努力很快就有了回报。A. gave out分发；B. took off起飞；C. paid off取得回报；D. caught on理解。根据后文“She sold out her family's mangoes quickly, earning more profits than before.”可知，她很快就把家里的芒果卖光了，赚了比以前更多的钱，即努力有了回报。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激励了她向村里的邻居伸出援助之手。A. forced迫使；B. inspired鼓励；C. reminded提醒；D. required需要。根据后文“her to extend a helping hand to”可知廖的成功激励了她向村里的邻居伸出援助之手。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这激励了她向村里的邻居伸出援助之手。A. neighbors邻居；B. classmates同学；C. friends朋友；D. citizens市民。根据后文“in the village”指向村里的邻居伸出援助之手。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在她自己开了一家公司，在网上卖芒果和其他当地农产品。A. information信息；B. equipment设备；C. produce农产品；D. furniture家居。根据上文“selling mangoes and other local”指在网上卖芒果和其它当地的农产品，应用produce。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她还补充说，互联网服务近年来在农村迅速扩张。A. adding补充；B. warning警告；C. complaining抱怨；D. recommending建议。根据后文“that Internet service has expanded rapidly in villages in recent years.”可知“互联网服务近年来在农村迅速扩张”是她补充的内容。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她希望更多的年轻人能加入她的行列，因为这是一个很有前途的职业。A. declining下滑的；B. promising有前途的；C. challenging挑战性的；D. demanding要求高的。根据上文“She hopes more young people can join her because this is a”可知之所以希望更多的年轻人能加入她的行列，是因为这是一个很有前途的职业。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The e-commerce company that people talk about most these days is neither Amazon nor Alibaba. It is Pinduoduo (PDD), ____36____ Chinese firm that just started in 2015 as an online food supplier, but whose success ____37____ (drive) its market value above $200 billion so far. Last year it was China's fastest-growing Internet stock (股票), ____38____ (rise) by 330%.
PDD attracts attention ____39____ two reasons. One is its business model. David Liu, vice-president of strategy, explains that it has ridden the rise of smartphone popularization rate in China to create an e-commerce experience ____40____ people club together (分担费用) to buy products. During the spread of COVID-19, this has expanded into a fast-growing business across towns and villages, in which PDD's users gather to order ____41____ (deliver) of local farm produce at bargain prices. This is called “community group-buy”, also ____42____ (know) as “interactive commerce”.
The second is the way PDD has broken the myth that the giants of online shopping are ____43____ (absolute) unbeatable. Until a few years ago, China's e-commerce market seemed a two-way contest between Alibaba and , ____44____ it is not the case now. Experts expect PDD's share of online sales in China ____45____ (be) larger than that of JD in 2021 and the number of users to surpass Alibaba.
【答案】36. a 37. has driven
38. rising 39. for
40. where 41. delivery
42. known 43. absolutely
44. but 45. to be
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是拼多多受到关注的原因。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这就是拼多多(PDD)，一家2015年刚刚起步的中国公司，一家在线食品供应商，但它的成功使其市值目前已超过2000亿美元。firm是可数名词，此处表泛指，因此前面需加不定冠词，Chinese是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这就是拼多多(PDD)，一家2015年刚刚起步的中国公司，一家在线食品供应商，但它的成功使其市值目前已超过2000亿美元。由so far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，即have/has done，主语success是单数，因此空格处是has driven，故填has driven。
【38题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：去年它是中国增长最快的互联网股票，上涨了330%。句中谓语是was，空格处用非谓语形式，it和rise之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填rising。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：PDD引起关注有两个原因。“因为什么原因”用for+reason，故填for。
【40题详解】
考查定语从句的引导词。句意：该公司战略副总裁David Liu解释说，该公司利用中国智能手机普及率的上升，创造了一种人们聚在一起购买产品的电子商务体验。空格处引导定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，因此空格处用关系副词，experience表抽象地点，因此关系副词用where，故填where。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：在2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的传播期间，该业务已扩展为遍布城镇和村庄的一项快速增长的业务，PDD的用户聚集在一起，以低廉的价格订购当地农产品的配送。空格处用名词作宾语，根据语境可知，空格处意为“配送”，是delivery，是不可数名词，故填delivery。
【42题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：这就是所谓的“社区团购”，也叫“互动商务”。句中谓语是is called，空格处用非谓语形式，be known as是固定短语，意为“以……著称”，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填known。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：第二，PDD打破了网上购物巨头绝对不可战胜的神话。空格处用副词修饰形容词unbeatable，absolute的副词是absolutely，意为“绝对地”，故填absolutely。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：直到几年前，中国的电子商务市场似乎还是阿里巴巴和京东之间的双向竞争，但现在不是这样。本句话表示“中国电子商务市场见证了阿里巴巴和京东的双向竞争，但情况已发生变化。”前后表示转折关系，因此空格处用表示转折的but，故填but。
【45题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：专家预测，2021年，PDD在中国网络销售中的份额将超过京东，用户数量将超过阿里巴巴。本句表示“专家预计拼多多在中国的在线销售份额将在2021年超过京东”，expect sb/sth to do为固定搭配，且and后的to surpass也为提示信息，因此空格处是不定式to be，故填to be。
第四部分 课内知识(共三节 ,满分25分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分,满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的单词或短语，使之意思一致。
clarify incredible lower academic luxury edge merely
46. Lie-flatters are different from previous generations, who didn’t have the pleasure or advantage to “ lie flat”.
47. In my opinion, your plan is just a castle in the air.
48. The “double reduction” policy has lessened students’ schoolwork burden and peer pressure.
49. The Internet could help reduce costs and raise productivity in all walks of life.
50. Question-and-answer periods are a great way to make the message easier to understand and strengthen key points.
51. The cave opening is too narrow, so we have to advance slowly through it.
52. Battle of the Changjin Reservoir is an extremely good film from the beginning to the end.
【答案】46. luxury
47. merely 48. academic
49. lower 50. clarify
51. edge 52. incredible
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：躺平者与前几代人不同，前几代人没有“躺平”的乐趣或优势。画线部分pleasure or advantage表示“优势”，可用名词luxury替换。故填luxury。
【47题详解】
考查副词。句意：在我看来，你的计划只是空中楼阁。画线词just此处表示“只是，仅仅”，可用merely替换。故填merely。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：“双减”政策减轻了学生的学业负担和同辈压力。画线词schoolwork表示“学业”，可用形容词academic替换。故填academic 。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：互联网可以帮助各行各业降低成本和提高生产力。画线部分reduce表示“减少，降低”，可用动词lower替换。故填lower。
【50题详解】
考查动词。句意：问答环节是让信息更容易理解和加强重点的好方法。画线部分make…easier to understand表示“更容易理解”可用动词clarify，替换。故填clarify。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：洞口太窄了，我们只能慢慢地走进去。画线部分advance slowly表示“慢慢前进”，可用动词edge替换。故填edge。
【52题详解】
考查形容词。句意：《长津湖》从头到尾都是一部非常好的电影。画线部分extremely good表示“非常好的”，可用形容词incredible替换。故填incredible。
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分,满分8分)
根据语境,选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个为多余的单词或短语。
wander accompany the instant encounter persuade ban early on found employ appeal to
53. I suggested the woman ________ her son to buy the toy, after all, he's just 6 years old.
54. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations ________only since the mid-1980s.
55. Please give me a call ________ you get this message.
56. Live music performances continue to ________ because of the return of COVID-19.
57. I ________around Three Lanes and Seven Alleys at this time tomorrow morning.
58. ________ a lot of challenges , William doesn’t lose heart.
59. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an fantastic theme park ________ you.
60. Xiamen University, ________ in 1921, celebrated its 100th birthday in 2021.
【答案】53. accompany##should accompany
54. have been employed
55. the instant
56. be banned
57. will be wandering
58. Encountering
59. appealing to
60. founded
【解析】
【53题详解】
考查动词虚拟语气。句意：我建议那位女士陪她儿子去买玩具，毕竟他才6岁。动词accompany“陪伴”符合句意，根据前文suggested句意可知，从句中谓语动词为虚拟语气，用should+动词原形，should可省略。故填accompany/should accompany。
【54题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：追踪北极熊数量的现代方法直到20世纪80年代中期才开始使用。动词employ“使用”符合句意，用作谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，结合时间状语since the mid-1980s，用现在完成时的被动语态（have/has been done），表示过去开始的动作一直持续到现在。主语methods为复数，主谓一致，故填have been employed。
【55题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：收到留言请立即给我回电话。短语the instant“一……(就)”在句中用作连词，引导时间状语从句，符合句意。故填the instant。
【56题详解】
考查不定式的被动语态。句意：由于新型冠状病毒感染症(COVID-19病毒)卷土重来，现场音乐表演继续被禁止。动词ban“禁止”符合句意，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），动词原形和前文to构成不定式，作continue的宾语。故填be banned。
【57题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：明天早上的这个时候，我会在三坊七巷闲逛。动词wander“闲逛”符合句意，根据时间状语at this time tomorrow morning可知，用将来进行时（will be doing），表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。故填will be wandering。
【58题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然遇到很多挑战，但是威廉没有失去信心。动词encounter“遇到”符合句意，分析可知，在句中作非谓语，因和主语之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，表示让步。句首字母大写，故填Encountering。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，喜欢什么，都有一个奇妙的主题公园吸引着你。动词短语appeal to“吸引”符合句意，和所修饰的名词an fantastic theme park之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作后置定语。故填appealing to。
【60题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：厦门大学成立于1921年，于2021年迎来建校100周年。动词found“成立”符合句意，因和所修饰的名词Xiamen University之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词founded作后置定语，逗号隔开，相当于非限制性定语从句which was founded。故填founded。
第三节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
翻译。81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英,84-85题进行英译汉。
61. 身处这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方，我感到活着是幸运的。（使用动词ing形式；bless；动词不定式) (汉译英）
【答案】Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
【解析】
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词、时态和主谓一致。make sb. do sth.让某人做某事；feel blessed to do sth.做某事感到庆幸。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。句中用动名词形式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据句意，故翻译Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
62. 如果我们感到沮丧或孤独，没有什么比看到好朋友的笑脸更好的了。(使用there be句型; 否定词+比较级） (汉译英）
【答案】If we feel depressed or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling faces of our good friends.
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和固定句型。表示“沮丧或孤独”形容词短语为depressed or lonely，作系动词feel的表语；表示“没有什么比……更好的了”用there be 句型+否定词+比较级实现，即there is nothing better than…，表示“看到好朋友的笑脸”用see the smiling faces of our good friends，介词than后动词see应该用动名词seeing。故翻译为If we feel depressed or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling faces of our good friends。
63. 你最熟悉的主题公园可能是迪斯尼乐园，世界上好几个地方都有迪斯尼乐园。(使用定语从句；familiar） (汉译英）
【答案】The theme park you are most familiar with is probably Disneyland, which is found in several places around the world.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句和动词时态。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，表示“主题公园”应用the theme park；表示“你”应用you；表示“对……最熟悉”应用be most familiar with；表示“可能”应用probably；表示“你最熟悉的主题公园”应用定语从句，先行词the theme park，在定语从句中作宾语，关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，定语从句翻译成：you are most familiar with；表示“是”应用be；表示“世界上好几个地方都有迪斯尼乐园”需用which引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代Disneyland，在定语从句中作主语，从句中的主语和find为被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态。翻译成：which is found in several places around the world。故翻译成The theme park you are most familiar with is probably Disneyland, which is found in several places around the world.
64. In 1967, the Chinese formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. (英译汉)
【答案】1967年，中国成立了一个科学家团队，目标是发现疟疾的新疗法，屠呦呦是第一批被选中的研究人员之一。
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查固定短语。In 1967表示“1967年”；前半句中the Chinese formed a team of scientists表示“中国成立了一个科学家团队”；with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria表示“目标是发现疟疾的新疗法”；后半句Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen表示“屠呦呦是第一批被选中的研究人员之一”。故翻译为：1967年，中国成立了一个科学家团队，目标是发现疟疾的新疗法，屠呦呦是第一批被选中的研究人员之一。
65. It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities.(英译汉)
【答案】甚至可以说，阿米什人的生活质量更好，因为他们生活在自然环境中，并欣赏自然环境，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市。
【解析】
【详解】考查英译汉。此处It could even be argued that表示“甚至可以说……”；the Amish's quality of life表示“阿米什人的生活质量”；since引导原因状语从句；live in and appreciate the natural environment表示“生活在自然环境中，并欣赏自然环境”；rather than表示“而不是”；large, polluted cities表示“污染严重的大城市”。故翻译为“甚至可以说，阿米什人的生活质量更好，因为他们生活在和欣赏自然环境，而不是生活在污染严重的大城市”。
第五部分 写作(满分 25分)
66. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友David计划暑期到中国旅游，请你给他写封邮件推荐一个城市，并说明推荐理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear David,
Long time no see.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear David,
Long time no see. Hearing that you’re planning a trip to China, I feel excited to recommend a city that you can’t miss.
Beijing, located in the north of China, is not only the capital of our country, but also a world-famous tourist destination. The city is a perfect combination of old and new. You can see thousands of historical sites as well as modern buildings. Rich and colorful culture will also leave you a deep impression.
A letter is too short to include all the greatness and beauty of Beijing. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国朋友David写封邮件推荐一个城市，并说明推荐理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累
旅行：journey→trip
计划：arrange→plan
完美的：ideal→perfect
包含：contain→include
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Beijing, located in the north of China, is not only the capital of our country, but also a world-famous tourist destination.
拓展句：Beijing, which is located in the north of China, is not only the capital of our country, but also a world-famous tourist destination.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Hearing that you’re planning a trip to China, I feel excited to recommend a city that you can’t miss. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Beijing, located in the north of China, is not only the capital of our country, but also a world-famous tourist destination. (运用形容词作状语)

展开更多......

收起↑