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2022年高考英语阅读专题练习：自然灾难（Natural disasters）
一、阅读理解-阅读选择（共12小题；共100分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In the tenth grade, I began working for free at a vet's that was run by a friend. I wanted to get experience for what I thought would be my future job. However, on one particular Saturday morning I learned something perhaps more important.
The hospital was in the middle of one of the poorer sections of the city and some people could only pay for the most basic treatments. On this Saturday, a man and his young son, who was probably about 7 years old, walked in with a small cat in a cardboard box. There was something wrong with the cat's left eye. But the man could not afford to pay for the cost of the medicine. He kept quiet for a while, and then he asked where the nearest animal shelter was. Hearing this, his son cried and started to argue with him. All of a sudden, an older woman who was sitting in the waiting room stood up, walked up to the counter, and told the man that she would pay for the cost. The man thanked her and the son got to keep a healthy cat.
I always thought it was the right thing to help out a needy person，but I only saw people do acts of kindness on TV or in films. What the woman did made me believe that these things do happen in real life, and quite often.
Now when I can't decide whether to help someone who is in need, I remember this woman, and then I have the courage to step up to the plate. Sometimes other people follow.
1. From the passage we infer that when someone was in trouble, the author would _____.
A.be willing to help them B.let others do first
C.not want to help them D.help them following others
2. For what purpose did the author work at the vet's
A.To help out his friend. B.To make some pocket money.
C.To gain some work experience. D.To learn more about society.
3. What would the man probably do with the cat if the woman didn't help him
A.Take it home without treatment.
B.Give it to someone on the street.
C.Give it to the woman.
D.Give it to animal shelter.
4. We can learn from this passage that _____.
A.the man didn't like keeping a cat
B.the older woman often helped people out
C.the man's son didn't agree to the man's first decision
D.the hospital often asked for too much money
My friend Rosemary was driving home last night when her car broke down suddenly. Luckily, she found a car insurance bill and called the insurance company with her very old mobile phone. "I need the long number on the front of your bill," said the lady of the insurance company. However, Rosemary didn't take her glasses and couldn't read her bill in the dark with her poor sight.
Fortunately, an elderly man with his little dog stopped to help her. "Wait a moment," Rosemary said to the lady. "A gentleman has offered to help me. He'll read it." "No, no!" shouted the shocked lady. "Do not show your bill number to a stranger!" But Rosemary had no choice. So she let the stranger read out the numbers, and she spelled out her unusual family name. Because of the man's unclear voice, the accent differences between the man and the lady, and Rosemary's bad sight and hearing, communication was difficult.
Finally, the lady asked Rosemary what street they were in. Again, they had no idea. So Rosemary had to stop a passing youth. Experiencing more spelling of street names and confusion, everyone got a bit angry. At last, the rescuers could be sent to help Rosemary with her car.
Rosemary's situation kept her going through the similar sufferings. In fact, all of this also goes to show why some older people are not happy with the development of technology. They need their cards, smart phones, glasses and patience before they dare go out. Otherwise, they maybe can't get the service needed. So some are thinking: why bother going out They can do all things online: shopping, ordering food, and receiving medical advice. They can just stay at home alone forever and make nobody mad.
But don't worry. Although it may take you quite a while to get the service you want, there are always kind people around you, just like the passers-by for Rosemary. They are all willing to give you a helping hand. But remember, you'd better bring all the possible things needed with you before walking out of the door. Getting prepared is always the best advice.
5. What should Rosemary show to get service from the insurance company
A.Her driver's license. B.Her car type.
C.Her insurance bill number. D.Her mobile phone number.
6. The lady of the insurance company shouted to Rosemary because Rosemary _____.
A.couldn't read the insurance bill
B.refused to follow the lady's advice
C.told the gentleman the bill number
D.wanted a stranger to read the bill number
7. What was the main reason for Rosemary's dif ficulty in getting timely rescue service
A.Her bad sight and hearing.
B.The lady's impatience.
C.The rescuers' slow action.
D.The development of technology.
8. According to the last two paragraphs, what does the author advise elderly people to do
A.Learn more about technology.
B.Make enough preparations before going out.
C.Ask young people for help.
D.Do online shopping as much as possible.
Mrs. Smith had a small garden, and in spring she planted some vegetables in it. She looked after them very carefully, and when summer came, they looked very nice.
One evening Mrs. Smith looked at her vegetables and said, "Tomorrow I am going to pick them, and then we can eat them."
But early the next morning, her son ran into the kitchen (厨房) and shouted, "Mother, Mother! Come quickly! Our neighbor's (邻居的) ducks are in the garden and they are eating our vegetables!" Mrs. Smith ran out, but it was too late! All the vegetables were finished! Mrs. Smith cried and made her neighbor very sorry, but that was the end of the vegetables.
Then a few days before Christmas, the neighbor gave Mrs. Smith a parcel (包裹). In it was a beautiful, fat duck, and on it was a piece of paper with the words "Enjoy your vegetables!"
9. Mrs. Smith planted _____ in her small garden in spring.
A.some flowers B.some trees
C.some fruits D.some vegetables
10. _____ ate Mrs. Smith's vegetables.
A.Mrs. Smith's daughter B.Mrs. Smith's neighbor
C.Mrs. Smith D.Her neighbor's ducks
11. What's Mrs. Smith going to do after she picks those vegetables
A.She wants to feed the duck.
B.She wants to reserve them.
C.She wants to eat them.
D.She wants to give them to her friends.
12. Mrs. Smith's neighbor felt _____ for it.
A.sorry B.interesting C.proud D.sad
13. What did Mrs. Smith receive several days before Christmas
A.Some vegetables. B.A duck.
C.A card. D.A person.
York Minster is one of the world's greatest cathedrals (大教堂). We welcome visitors from around the world to share in our daily life, to explore the past, and to enjoy a busy programme of events and concerts. This wonderful cathedral belongs to us all, and we invite you to experience it for yourself.
Great value admission (门票)
Adult admission is ＄10 and your ticket is valid (有效的) for 12 months. Up to 4 children can visit the Minster for free with one adult. It costs ＄20,000 a day to run York Minster. Your admission charge directly supports the future of this historic building.
Add more to your visit
Climb the Central Tower, an important city landmark with the best views of Yorkshire.
Opening times
Monday---Saturday from 9 am
Sunday from 12:45 pm
Free guided tours run from Monday to Saturday between 10 am—3 pm.
Please note there is a particular time when the Minster is open for services only. Please check opening times before you visit.
Group visits
There are special discounts for groups of 10 or more people and a number of special tours. Please call us on 01904 557 217 or email us at groups@yorkminster.org.
Learning
Visiting York Minster is a good learning experience with activities and workshops for all ages. For more information visit www.yorkminster.org/learing, call 01904 557 224 or email us at learning@yorkminster.org.
14. What can visitors do in York Minster
A.Explore ways of improving Yorkshire.
B.Join some research programmes.
C.Hold a series of concerts.
D.Learn about its history.
15. When can you get someone to show you around for free
A.At 9 am on Monday. B.At 12:45 pm on Sunday.
C.At 11 am on Friday. D.At 4 pm on Saturday.
16. What are you advised to do if you are interested in group tours
A.Phone 01904 557 217.
B.Send an email to learning@yorkminster.org.
C.Call 01904 557 224.
D.Visit www.yorkminster.org/learning.
A horse named Harry loved to watch TV. Every day, Mrs. Harvey, Harry's owner, watched her favorite show on the television and Harry often listened to the sounds from the open window.
One winter afternoon, a commercial came on. "Worried about hair loss " said the television. "Get Miracle Hair Tonic and fight back!" I should get some of that for Sam, he had a bald spot at the top of his head." Mrs. Harvey said.
"Harry!" Mrs. Harvey asked. "Come on. I'm going to clean you up." "You're going bald, too. Harry," said Mrs. Harvey. Harry looked around. The ground was full of hair. More hair was falling down from his side. Harry could not believe it. Bald! Just like Sam. Harry pictured himself losing all his hair. How the other horses would laugh at him!
Harry was so embarrassed that he stayed silently the whole day. "What's wrong, Harry " asked Sam when he brought Harry his food. Harry shook his head. Several hairs floated off his neck. "Soon you'll be as bald as me!" Sam said and laughed loudly.
Three days later, Mrs. Harvey came into the kitchen with a box. Harry stretched out his neck to watch her open it. It was the Miracle Hair Tonic! After Mrs. Harvey put it on the floor and left, Harry tried his best to touch the bottle from the window. It rocked and then landed in his mouth. Harry broke the bottle into the water trough (水槽). The water turned green. Harry put his feet on the trough and lowered his body into the water again and again.
"What are you doing Harry " Mrs. Harvey suddenly asked. Harry stood up quickly. Mrs Harvey's mouth was open. "Sam, come quick!" "The broken bottle of Miracle Hair Tonic is beside him." said Sam. "I got it for your baldness," said Mrs. Harvey. "Oh, Harry," said Sam, "I was just making a joke with you. You're not going bald. You're just losing your winter coat." Harry felt very surprised.
17. What did Harry hear from the television one afternoon
A.A beautiful song. B.Some fairy tales.
C.A new commercial. D.An interesting talk show.
18. How does Mrs. Harvey feel when she watched Harry had turned green
A.Delighted. B.Satisfied. C.Disappointed. D.Astonished.
19. The writer's purpose for writing this article is to _____.
A.tell an interesting and humorous story.
B.warn us not to use the Miracle Hair Tonic.
C.describe the happy life of Mrs. Harvey and Sam.
D.introduce the function of the Miracle Hair Tonic.
When I was a child growing up in Ohio, the butterflies would sometimes pass through on their way to Mexico. And it was awesome to see football fields full of them—and I wanted to revisit that on a larger scale. I knew I had to go to see the migration (迁徙) in Mexico.
But I was on a budget. I didn't want to rent a car in Mexico or take a bus to Valle de Bravo, the starting point for most butterfly adventures, so I called the guys at The Muddy Boot—travel experts in Mexico who can make almost anything happen at a reasonable rate.
And so, on January 2, I found myself in The Muddy Boot van (面包车), being driven for two hours from Mexico City to Valle de Bravo, a lovely town on a volcanic lake which is a central point for the butterfly journeys. I booked a two-night stay at the Hotel Rodavento, an all eco-friendly hotel with individual wooden houses spreading throughout the forest and around a lake.
The first sanctuary (保护区) I visited was Piedra Herrada, a popular destination, as it is only 40 minutes away from Valle de Bravo. The climb up is tiring. It is advisable to hire a horse. But the horse cannot take you all the way, and there is some hiking in thin air, so you must be patient, drink a lot of water, and be in reasonably good shape.
The walk is more than worth it though. As I struggled to catch my breath, I looked up and lost my breath again. At first glance, the trees had turned into different shapes, but on closer inspection, every inch of them was covered with butterflies.
A few flew through the air (Most of them were not warm enough). As the sun rose, they began to come alive. Soon the air was filled with flying butterflies, transforming the forest into something magical and straight out of a fairy tale.
20. Why did the author choose to take The Muddy Boot van
A.She couldn't afford to rent a car.
B.She preferred to travel alone.
C.She wanted to save some money.
D.She hoped to reach the destination earlier.
21. What can we learn about Piedra Herrada
A.It is at a high altitude.
B.It is far fron Valle de Bravo.
C.It is full of wild animals.
D.It is only accessible by riding a horse.
22. What made the author's hiking worthwhile
A.Becoming healthier.
B.Breathing in fresh air.
C.Finding trees of different shapes.
D.Seeing the butterfly migration.
23. What type of writing is the text
A.A news report. B.A scientific paper.
C.A travel diary. D.A commercial ad.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I have never called my father worthless. That's how be described himself. He said it on the phone after I told him I was flying down to see him, from my home in Alaska to the hospital in Florida. My father had a stroke the week before.
"I'll see you soon!" I said, trying to make my voice cheerful. "I'm... not... worth...," he stumbled. "Of course you're worth it!" I replied. But I knew what he meant. When he was young, he could not or would not hold a job, leaving us impoverished throughout our childhood.
He treated us children as if we were invisible (看不见的). Soon after we grew up and left our house, he moved to Florida to live alone. I saw my father three times in the next thirty years, traveling four time zones to see him. Every time I went, I hoped that he would express interest in me and show some kind of affection. However, I always left, hurt and disappointed. The last time I saw him, I decided never to come again.
However, a few years later, I felt different. Something else was even stronger—a desire to forgive (原谅). I began praying for him, calling and sending gifts and letters. When I visited him, I was gently pushing his wheelchair down the hallway, sharing meals with him, watching TV in his room, reading to him…
And love came back. He called me "amazing" one day. He phoned on my birthday. When I came to visit, he didn't want me to leave.
Forgiving my father has changed me. The broken and bitter parts of me are healing. My father is touched as well. In the last two years of his life, my "worthless" father was surrounded and blessed by the very ones he had harmed.
I believe he felt loved, perhaps for the first time... We cannot heal all the broken families of the world, but we can begin with ourselves and our own families. With God's forgiveness and love, anything is possible.
24. According to the first paragraph, the author was going to see her father _____.
A.by bus B.by car C.by ship D.by plane
25. How did the father feel when he learned that his daughter would see him in the hospital
A.Unconcerned. B.Guilty. C.Annoyed. D.Icy.
26. The underlined word "impoverished" means _____.
A.poor B.wealthy C.alone D.content
27. Why did the author decide never to visit her father
A.Because her father always asked her for forgiveness.
B.Because she was too busy to spare any time.
C.Because her father was very cold to her.
D.Because her father was always making trouble.
28. We can infer that the author's father is now _____.
A.healthy B.dead C.cheerful D.desperate
Part of northern California, especially a nearby town, Paradise, was burned to ash. Nearly 50 people are confirmed dead and over 200 missing. Six of the ten most destructive fires in California's history have occurred in the past decade. Last year was the most destructive year on record, until this year. Why is the Golden State so flammable
There are three reasons why California has been troubled by flames. First, the climate is becoming warmer. This has led to snow melting earlier, drier landscapes and a longer season when fires are likely to start. "This is, not the new normal. This is the new abnormal," Jerry Brown, the state's governor, said recently.
A second reason is that more people live in combustible (易燃的) places. Since 1990, 60% of the new homes in California, Washington and Oregon have been built in spaces near nature. These areas are at higher risk of wild fire. Power lines can fall on trees; people can also cause the first spark (火花).
A third reason is that there is more fuel. Before western settlers arrived, fires used to happen often and naturally, which made less fuel available for future fires. For the past century fires have tended to be quickly controlled. This has led to a build-up of dry brush, and makes the average wild fire much likelier to turn into a big fire.
Putting out the fires is the most immediate task for California, but not the last. Many survivors will want to rebuild their homes exactly where they were. Californians will also want to ensure that more companies are to blame for the fire. Investigations (调查) into what caused the fire are still going on, but some reports suggest it may have begun with sparks from lines owned by an electricity company.
29. What can we learn from the text
A.No residents survived the destructive fire.
B.The whole California was burned to ash.
C.Ten destructive fires happened last year.
D.This year's fire is the most destructive.
30. Why is there more fuel for the fire
A.Power lines usually fall on trees.
B.More western settlers arrived.
C.Fires broke out too quickly.
D.People stored too many fuels.
31. What may cause the destructive fire in California
A.Sparks from electricity lines.
B.The global climate change.
C.Ends of some cigarettes.
D.The increasing fuels.
32. What can be the best title for the text
A.What causes big fires B.California' biggest wild fire
C.Destructive fires in Paradise D.How to prevent big fires
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选择最佳选项。
A food chain is a simple way of explaining how each living thing gets its food. For example, a simple African food chain might consist of three parts: first, trees and bushes; second, giraffes; and third, lions. Each link in a food chain is food for the next link. Food chains always start with plants and end with animals.
Plants are at the bottom of the food chain. Scientists call them producers, because they use light energy from the sun to produce food from carbon dioxide and water through photosynthesis (光合作用). Animals, unlike plants, can't produce their own food. Instead, they must eat plants or other animals. This is why scientists call them consumers.
Consumer animals fall into three categories. Herbivores (食草动物) eat only plants. Carnivores (食肉动物) eat only other animals. Omnivores eat both plants and animals. In addition to producers and consumers, there are also decomposers (分解者). These organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, feed on decaying (腐烂) matter. They help the food chain by speeding up the decaying process that releases minerals back into the soil to be absorbed by plants as nutrients.
Most food chains have only four or five links in them. As you go up a food chain, the amount of energy at each level diminishes, because some of the energy is lost in the form of waste or is used up by the organism at the level. That is why it takes many plants, for example, to feed a few giraffes who in turn feed one lion.
Most animals are part of many different food chains, because they must eat more than one type of food to satisfy their energy needs. All of these interconnected food chains form a more complex structure called a food web. Humans, for example, are at the center of a very complex food web, because we tend to eat many different types of plants and animals.
33.Which of the following tells us the African food chain
A.Trees, giraffes and lions live on one another.
B.Giraffes eat lions and lions feed on bushes.
C.Lions live on giraffes and giraffes eat trees.
D.Bushes live on lions and lions eat giraffes.
34.In the second paragraph, the author is mainly to _____.
A.emphasize the importance of the plants
B.compare the plants and the animals
C.present the scientists' different views
D.explain the producers and consumers
35.The underlined word "diminishes" (in Paragraph 4) probably means _____.
A.changes B.decreases C.disappears D.increases
36.Those that may lie in the center of the food chain are _____.
A.omnivores B.decomposers C.herbivores D.carnivores
37.What would be the best title for this passage
A.The Types of Plants and Animals
B.The Differences among the Living Things
C.Three Categories of the Consumers
D.The Food Chain in the Natural World
Dear Dr. Science,
I couldn't sleep at all last night. My sister says it was because I ate a bowl of really spicy chili (辣的辣椒) right before bedtime, but I think that's impossible. Can spicy foods at bedtime really have an influence on one's sleep？
一Sleepless
Dear Sleepless,
I know your feeling because I often eat spicy chili before lights out. I've also experienced sleep problems after eating a lot of spicy foods. What does science say？
Researchers in Australia did an experiment to find out the effects of spicy foods on how we sleep. They wanted to try to know the influence of spicy foods on the length or quality (质量) of sleep. They gave a group of people delicious late-night meals. Some nights, they got spicy meals. Other nights, their meals were mild (清淡的). It turns out that your sister is on to something. When the people taking part in the experiment ate spicy foods, their sleep patterns (模式) were changed. They took longer to fall asleep and they slept less, too.
This was the kind of information the researchers were looking for to build a link (关联) between eating spicy foods and possible sleep problems.
Researchers aren't sure exactly how spicy foods change sleep patterns, but they have some ideas on the subject. People's sleep could be influenced because of stomachache caused by eating spicy foods. Also, they could be taking too long to fall asleep because of taking too long to digest (消化) the spicy foods. But they also guess that body temperature plays a role. Spicy foods include something that can raise the body's temperature. Other studies have connected increased body temperature with poor sleep. So before you go to bed，leave the chilies alone and sleep well.
—Science
38. The questioner couldn't sleep last night because _____.
A.he ate spicy foods
B.he went to bed too late
C.he was angry with his sister
D.he talked with Dr. Science for a long time
39. According to the passage, Dr. Science believes _____.
A.eating at bedtime is unhealthy
B.many Australians enjoy eating spicy foods
C.eating spicy foods can influence one's sleep
D.spicy foods are more healthful than mild foods
40. The underlined sentence means what the questioner's sister said is _____.
A.true B.stupid C.terrible D.funny
41.According to the researchers, higher body temperatures can lead people to _____.
A.sleep badly B.go to bed early
C.like mild foods D.eat lots of foods
42.How does Dr. Science reply to the questioner？
A.By sharing his personal experience.
B.By telling him about some research.
C.By interviewing him face to face.
D.By making experiments with him.
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The thorny devil (棘蜥) (Moloch horridus) is a small, spiky lizard native to Australia. The lizard was named by the biologist John Edward Gray. Horridus has two meanings in Latin: it stands for rough and bad-tempered, which the thorny devil certainly is; the second meaning is frightening, which it isn't. Its name certainly belies the gentle nature of this small and harmless creature.
Australian thorny devils are only very distantly related to American horned lizards (角蜥), but they do have similarities: both have spiny (多刺的) heads, and both are anteaters. It is interesting that horned lizards and thorny devils are a lot closer to each other than they are to their own closest relatives.
The habitat of the thorny devil is the dry inland regions of Outback Australia and the south western coast. Its distribution (分布) seems to be determined more by the soil type (it likes sand) than by the climate or anything else. (If you are hoping to see one on your travels, good luck. They are very hard to find.) Thorny devils need sunlight to warm themselves up, and their body temperature depends on the outside temperature. They are most active during spring and autumn, but move very little during the hottest or coldest months. During their active months they spend the nights and avoid the midday heat under some protective cover.
Thorny devils only grow to about 20 cm in size (including the tail). The females are slightly bigger than the males. They keep growing for at least five years and are thought to live for up to 20 years.
The thorny devil is a slow moving creature. When it walks, it lifts its tail and slowly moves from one side to the other. A thorny devil is mature at three years of age. Mating occurs around August/September. In that time the usually lonely lizard will travel long distances to meet a mating partner.
43. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the first paragraph
A.Hides. B.Proves. C.Reflects. D.Suggests.
44. What do the Australian thorny devil and the American horned lizard have in common
A.Both live in the dry inland region.
B.Both eat ants.
C.Both are rare species.
D.Both easily get angered.
45. What can we know about thorny devils from the last two paragraphs
A.Thorny devils only grow to about 20 cm in height.
B.Male thorny devils are slightly bigger than female ones.
C.Male thorny devils can live no less than five years.
D.Thorny devils walk with their tail lifted and move slowly.
46. What is the passage mainly about
A.Outback Australia. B.Thorny devils.
C.American horned lizards. D.Male lizards.
Baby girls make their way directly for dolls (玩偶) as soon as they can crawl (爬), while boys will head for cars, a study has shown. The findings, the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.
Psychologist Dr Brenda Todd from City University London carried out an experiment involving 90 babies aged 9 months to 36 months. The babies were allowed to choose from seven toys. Some were typically boys' toys—a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy. The rest were girls' toys—a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set. They were placed a meter away from the toys; and could pick whichever toy they liked. Their choices and the amount of time they spent playing with each toy were recorded.
Of the youngest children (9 months to 14 months), girls spent significantly longer playing with the doll than boys, and boys spent much more time with the car and the ball than the girls did. Among the two and three years old, girls spent 50 percent of the time playing with the doll while only two boys briefly touched it. The boys spent almost 90 percent of their time playing with the car, which the girls barely touched. There was no link between the parents' view on which toys were more appropriate for boys or girls and the children's choices.
Dr Brenda Todd said, "Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given toys that go while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preferences. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interest in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts (本能), while girls prefer warmer colours such as pink, the colour of a newborn baby."
47. Baby boys and girls have different toy preferences probably because _____.
A.baby boys are much more active
B.baby girls like bright colours more
C.their parents treat them differently
D.there is a natural difference between them
48. Both baby boys and baby girls like to play with _____ according to the study.
A.a ball B.a doll C.a car D.a teddy
49. What conclusion did Dr Brenda Todd draw from the results of the study
A.Adults purposely influence their babies' preferences.
B.Babies' preference isn't affected by social surroundings.
C.Baby boys preferring moving toys will be good at hunting.
D.Baby girls preferring warmer colours will be warm-hearted.
50. We may read this article in a _____ section of a newspaper.
A.health B.science C.education D.entertainment
答案
第一部分
1 . A
【解析】正确答案是A。此题是推理判断题。由最后一段中的“ I remember this woman, and then I have the courage to step up to the plate. Sometimes other people follow.”可知答案。
2 . C
【解析】正确答案是C。此题是细节理解题。根据第一段中的“. I wanted to get experience for what I thought would be my future job.”可知，作者在那家兽医诊所工作是为了积累工作经验。
3 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。此题是细节理解题。根据第二段中的“he asked where the nearest animal shelter was.”可知，那个男人想把猫送到动物收容所去，故选D。
4 . C
【解析】正确答案是C。此题是细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Hearing this, his son cried and started to argue with him. ”可知，那个男人的儿子不同意他做的决定。
5 . C
6 . D
7 . A
8 . B
9 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据首段的“Mrs. Smith had a small garden, and in spring she planted some vegetables in it.”可知。
10 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第三段的“Our neighbor's (邻居的) ducks are in the garden and they are eating our vegetables!”可知。
11 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段的“Tomorrow I am going to pick them, and then we can eat them.”可知。
12 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是细节理解题。根据第三段的“Mrs. Smith cried and made her neighbor very sorry, but that was the end of the vegetables.”可知。
13 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据末段“Then a few days before Christmas, the neighbor gave Mrs. Smith a parcel (包裹). In it was a beautiful, fat duck…”可知。
14 . D
【解析】正确答案是D。此题是细节理解题。根据第一段的“We welcome visitors from around the world to share in our daily life, to explore the past”可知游客在约克大教堂可以探究其历史。
15 . C
【解析】正确答案是C。此题是细节理解题。根据Opening times部分的“Free guided tours run from Monday to Saturday between 10 am—3 pm.”可知答案。
16 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。此题是细节理解题。根据Group visits部分的内容可知，想要了解关于团队参观的信息，可以拨打电话01904 557 217或者发邮件至grouups@yorkminster.org。故选A。
17 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“One winter afternoon, a commercial came on.”可知Harry听到的是广告。
18 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是推理判断题。根据最后一段“ Mrs Harvey's mouth was open.”可知Mrs. Harvey很震惊以至于张大了嘴。
19 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是推理判断题。全文讲述的是一匹马Harry看到了治脱发的广告，加上主人开玩笑地说它也会脱毛发，这匹马就去用了治脱发的产品，然而它不知道马毛发脱落是自然现象。由此可知作者是讲述了一个有趣又幽默的故事，A选项与此相符。
20 . C
【解析】
本文是一篇日志形式的记叙文，作者讲述了自己为参观大规模的蝴蝶迁徙的美景而搭车前往墨西哥的一个城镇的故事。虽然旅途劳累艰辛，但作者实现了愿望，看到了美丽的蝴蝶翩翩起舞，它们装扮了沿途的森林。
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But I was on a budget.”可知，作者预算有限，想节省钱。
21 . A
【解析】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“and there is some hiking in thin air, so you must be patient, drink a lot of water, and be in reasonably good shape”可知，在该地攀登时需要在空气稀薄的地方进行一段徒步旅行，旅行者需要有耐多喝水，身体还要不错。由此可以推断出 Piedra Herrada 是在高海拔处。
22 . D
【解析】
推理判断题。根据第五至六段的描述可知，虽然作者到达目的地前经历了一段艰辛的徒步旅行，但最后看到美丽的蝴蝶的那一刻，作者感到辛苦是值得的。
23 . C
【解析】
推理判断题。本文作者以第一人称叙述了自己观看蝴蝶迁徙的起因、经过和结果，是一篇旅行日志。
24 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第一段第三句中的“He said it on the phone after I told him I was flying down to see him”可知，作者将坐飞机去看父亲。
25 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是推理判断题。根据第二段第二句父亲说的话可知，当父亲得知女儿来医院看他时，他感到内疚。
26 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是词义猜测题。前面提到父亲年轻时不干活，故可判断impoverished是“贫穷的”之意，与A项意思相近。
27 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Every time I went, I hoped that he would express interest in me and show some kind of affection. However, I always left, hurt and disappointed”可知，每次作者去看自己的父亲时，父亲显得很冷淡，这让作者很受伤 ，决定不再回去看他。
28 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句可以判断出，作者的父亲现在已经过世了。
29 . D
【解析】
细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Nearly 50 people are confirmed dead and over 200 missing.”可知这场大火造成 50 人死亡，200 多人失踪，并不是所有居民都遇难了，故 A 选项错误；根据第一段的第一句中“Part of northern california”可知 California 的一部分发生了火灾，并不是整个区域，故 B 选项错误；根据第一段的第四句“Last year was the most destructive year on record, until this year.”可知去年的火灾是记录中最具毁灭性的，但今年比去年还严重，所以今年的火灾是有史以来最严重的，故 C 选项错误，D 选项正确。故答案选 D。
30 . D
【解析】
细节理解题。根据第四段的第四句“This has led to a build-up of dry brush, and makes the average wild fire much likelier to turn into a big fire.”可知人们储存的干柴堆积使得普通的野火更有可能变成大火。故答案选 D。
31 . A
【解析】
细节理解题。根据第五段第四句中“some reports suggest it may have begun with sparks from lines owned by an electricity company.”可知一些报道认为这场火灾可能是由于一家电力公司的线路产生的火花引起的。故答案选 A。
32 . A
【解析】
主旨归纳题。根据第一段的第五句“Why is the Golden State so flammable ”提出疑问，文章的二三四都在分析 California 火灾多发的原因，文章最后一段分析了 California 此次重大火灾的原因，整篇文章都围绕着火灾的起因展开的。故答案选 A。
33 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“That is why it takes many plants, for example, to feed a few giraffes who in turn feed one lion.”可知答案。
34 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是段落大意题。根据第二段的“Plants are at the bottom of the food chain. Scientists call them producers”及“This is why scientists call them consumers.”可知这一段主要是介绍生产者和消费者的。故选D。
35 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是词义猜测题。根据第四段的“because some of the energy is lost in the form of waste or is used up by the organism at the level”可知此处表示能量在减少，decrease 减少，故选B。
36 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“That is why it takes many plants, for example, to feed a few giraffes who in turn feed one lion.”可知答案。
37 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是文章标题题。本文主要介绍动植物世界里的食物链，故选D。
38 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是推理判断题。由第一封信中的“My sister says it was because I ate a bowl of really spicy chili (辣的辣椒) right before bedtime”和回信中第二段中的“It turns out that your sister is on to something”可推知，提出疑问的人是因为睡前吃了辣椒才睡不着的。
39 . C
【解析】
正确答案是C。
此题是推理判断题。由回信的末段中的“So before you go to bed, leave the chilies alone and sleep well.”可推知，回信者认为吃辣的食物是会对睡眠产生影响的。
40 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是词义猜测题。由回信的第二段中的“When the people taking part in the experiment ate spicy foods, their sleep patterns (模式) were changed. They took longer to fall asleep and they slept less, too.”可知，在实验中，睡前吃辣的食物的人们更难入睡，也睡得更少，可知提问者的妹妹说的是正确的。
41 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是细节理解题。由回信末段中的“Other studies have connected increased body temperature with poor sleep.”可知答案。
42 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是推理判断题。Dr. Science在回信中举出了关于睡前吃辣的食物和清淡的食物的对比实验，和对人的体温升高对睡眠的影响等实验，以此回答了提问者的问题。
43 . A
【解析】
正确答案是A。
此题是词义猜测题。由上文中的“the second meaning is frightening, which it isn't”可知，这种动物的名字与其温和的性情不相符，故选A。
44 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。由第二段中的“but they do have similarities: both have spiny (多刺的) heads, and both are anteaters”可知选B。
45 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。由最后一段中的“ When it walks, it lifts its tail and slowly moves from one side to the other. ”可知选D。
46 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是主旨大意题。本篇文章介绍了澳大利亚一种独特的动物——棘蜥，包括其名字的由来、栖息地以及它和美国角蜥的区别等。
47 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The findings, the first to show differences in very young babies, suggest there is a biological basis to their preferences.”可知这种偏好是有生物学基础的，所以答案是D。
48 . D
【解析】
正确答案是D。
此题是细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Some were typically boys' toys—a car, a digger, a ball and a blue teddy. The rest were girls' toys—a pink teddy, a doll and a cooking set.”可知男孩和女孩选的玩具中都有玩具熊，所以答案是D。
49 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Children of this age are already exposed to much socialization. Boys may be given toys that go while girls get toys they can care for, which may help shape their preferences. But these findings agree with the former idea that children show natural interest in particular kinds of toys. There could be a biological basis for their choices. Males through evolution have been adapted to prefer moving objects, probably through hunting instincts (本能), while girls prefer warmer colours such as pink, the colour of a newborn baby.”可知婴儿的偏好是有生物学基础的，是一种本能，不受环境的影响，所以答案是B。
50 . B
【解析】
正确答案是B。
此题是推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Baby girls make their way directly for dolls (玩偶) as soon as they can crawl (爬), while boys will head for cars, a study has shown.”可知这是一篇研究报告类文章，属于报纸中的科学部分内容，所以答案是B。
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