山东省日照市某校2012-2013学年高一第一次月考 理科6份

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山东省日照市某校2012-2013学年高一第一次月考 理科6份

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高一阶段性测试语文试题
该试卷满分120分,其中卷面10分,试题110分。请直接在试卷上作答,作文写到作文纸上。
(一)语基检测(34分)
1.给下列加点的字注音(5分,每个0.5分)
槁暴 舟楫 舆马 跬步 爪牙 生非异 洞穴
跂而望 锲而不舍 参省乎己
2.下列各句中没有通假字的一项是( )(1分)
A.则知明而行无过矣 B.虽有槁暴不复挺者
C.君子博学而日参省乎己 D.君子生非异也
3.解释加点的字的含义(5分,每个0.5分)
輮使之然也 其曲中规 假舟楫 声非加疾 劝学 绝江河 生非异也 金石可镂 圣心备焉 风雨兴焉
4.选出与“筋骨之强”中的“强”意义相同的一项( )( 1分 )
A. 秦贪,负其强,以空言求璧 B.学未有达,强以为知
C.策勋十二转,赏赐百千强 D.人强马壮
5.从词类活用的角度看,下列加点的词用法不同于它三项的是( )(1分 )
A.君子博学而日参省乎己 B.假舟楫者,非能水也,而绝江河
C.蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强,上食埃土 D.箕畚运于渤海之尾
6.下列选项中加点词的古今意义相同的一项是( )(1分)
A.君子博学而日参省乎己
B.故不积跬步,无以至千里
C.非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也
D.蚯无爪牙之利,筋骨之强
7.找出与“蚯无爪牙之利,筋骨之强”的句式相同的一项是( )( 1分 )
A. 微斯人,吾谁与归 B.青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝
C. 马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石 D.我孰与城北徐公美?
8.下列句子中加点介词“于”的意义,用法相同的一组是( )( 1分 )
①青取于蓝,而青于蓝 ② 善假于物也 ③ 寡人之于国也
④屈原至于江滨 ⑤颁白不负于戴于道路矣
⑥冉有、季路见于孔子
A.①④⑤ B.①②③ C.③⑤⑥ D.②④⑥
9.请默写《劝学》全文(18分,每错一字扣1分,扣完为止,标点除外)
(二)阅读检测(共18分)
课内阅读(8分)
10.对下列句中加点的词的解释错误的一项是( )(1分)
假舆马者,非利足也 利:对……有利
不积小流,无以成江海。 无以:没有用来……的(办法)
C.假舟楫者,非能水也 水:游水,游泳
D.上食埃土,下饮黄泉,用心一也 一:专一
11.下列句中加点的虚词意义和用法相同的一项是( )(1分 )
A.君子生非异也,善假于物也 青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝
B。假舟楫者,非能水也 虽有槁暴,不复挺者,輮使之然也
C.知明而行无过矣 积善成德,而神明自得,圣心备焉
D.积土成山,风雨兴焉 积水成渊,蛟龙生焉
12.下面对文段的分析理解不正确的一项是( )( 2分)
A.选文启发我们,说理并不排除生动性,方法之一就是运用比喻论证。
B.从所选的文段可以看出,荀子所讲的“学”,不仅指学习各种文化知识,还包括加强思想品德修养。
C.从所选文段还可以看出,荀子认为,对“学”来讲,人的先天条件是决定因素,同样需要后天的努力。
选文段说理的突出特点是以喻代议,寓议于喻。
13.将下列句子翻译成现代汉语。(4分)
(1)顺风而呼,声非加疾也,而闻者彰。
(2)蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇蟮之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。
延伸阅读(10分)
阅读下列文言文,回答14-16题。
甲文:君子之学也,入乎耳,著乎心,布乎四体,形乎动静;端而言,蠕而动①,一可以为法则。小人之学也入乎耳出乎口口耳之间则四寸耳曷足以美七尺之躯哉?古之学者为己,今之学者为人。君子之学也,以美其身;小人之学也,以为禽牍。②
乙文:蓬生麻中,不扶而直,白沙在涅,与之俱黑。兰槐之根为芷,其渐之滫(xiǔ,污水),君子不近,庶人不服,其质非不美也,所渐者然也。故君子居必择乡,游必就士,所以降邪而近中正也。
丙文:故不登高山,不知天之高也;不临深谷,不知地之厚也;不闻先王之遗言,不知学问之大也。干、越、夷、貉之子,生而同声,长而异俗,教使之然也。
注:①端而言,蠕而动。 端:微言;蠕,微动;意思是说极细微的言行。
②禽牍,小的禽兽。古人相见,常拿小禽兽作为礼物。
14.句中加点字词解释有误的一项是(3分): ( )
A. 其渐之滫(渐渐) B.形乎动静(体现)
教使之然而(这样) D.不临深谷(靠近)
15.乙文画线句含义正确的一项是(3分): ( )
A.喻人本性无善无恶,惟在教育与学习,论证学习与教育的重要性。
B.喻人善恶无常,惟在学习,论证教育的重要性。
C.喻人是可塑的,强调学习的重要性。
D.与“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”的同义,强调学习环境与内容的重要。
16.给甲文画线的句子加标点,并将其翻译成现代汉语。(4分)
小人之学也入乎耳出乎口口耳之间则四寸耳曷足以美七尺之躯哉?
译文:
(三)语言运用(共8分)
16.阅读下面一则寓言,写出寓意。(4分)
螃蟹、猫头鹰和蝙蝠都去上“去恶习研修班”。数年过后,它们都顺利毕业,并获得博士学位。不过,螃蟹仍横行,猫头鹰仍白天睡觉晚上活动,蝙蝠仍倒悬。
17.在下面横线处填入适当的语句,组成一组排比句。(4分)
生活中,我们需要崇高。有了它,我们就会摆脱平庸和空虚,甚至麻木。而且,一旦你有了这种认识,你就会发现崇高就在你的身边:它可能是一座山,让你感受巍峨; _________________ ,_________________ ;它可能是一首交响乐,让你领悟激越;_________________ , ;它甚至可能就是一个人,让你理解伟大和纯粹。
(四)作文(50分)
你读过哪些书?你有怎样的阅读收获和阅读体会?请以“我的读书生活”为题,写一篇1000字左右的文章。高一阶段性测试数学试题
一、选择题(每一题只有一个正确的结果。每小题5分,共50分)?
1.下列四个关系式中,正确的是 ( )
A. B. C. D.
2.设全集U={1,3,5,6,8},A={1,6},B={5,6,8}则 ( )
A. {6} B. {5,8} C. {1,6} D .{3,5,6,8}
3. 集合,,,,则下面包含关系中不正确的是( )。
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4.已知集合M={x ∈N | 8-x∈N},则M中元素的个数是( )。
(A) 10 (B) 9 (C ) 8 (D) 无数个
5.集合{2,4,6,8}的真子集的个数是( )。
(A)16 (B)15 (C)14 (D) 13
6.有五个关系式:①;②;③;④;⑤其中正确的有(  )
 A.1个. B.2个. C.3个.     D.4个.
7.下列各式:①;②;③;④;
⑤,其中错误的个数是( )
A.1个 B.2个 C.3个 D.4个
8.如图所示,I是全集,M,P,S是I的三个子集,则阴影部分所表示的集合是( )
A. B.
C. D.
9.已知映射:,其中,集合 集合B中的元素都是A中元素在映射 下的象,且对任意的 在B 中和它对应的元素是|a|,则集合B中元素的个数是( ) A.4 B.5 C.6 D.7
10.已知集合A={},那么集合A的所有子集为( )
A. B. C. D.
二、填空题(本题共4题,每题5,共20分)
11. 集合M={a| ∈N,且a∈Z},用列举法表示集合M=_
12. 已知集合A={},B={},则AB等于___________.
13. 若集合,且,则=_____.
14. 设全集,集合,,C={x|x是小于30的质数},则________________________.
解答题:(解题必须有详细的解题过程)
15. (本小题12分).已知集合,,.
(1) 求,;
(2) 若,求a的取值范围
16. (本小题14分)已知R为全集,A={x | -1≤x<3}, B={x | ≥1},求(UA)B
17. (本小题12分)已知集合A={x | x+x-6=0},B={x | mx+1=0},若BA,求由实数m所构成的集合M。
18. (本小题14分) 若, 。
证明:A=B。
19. (本小题14分)
已知全集,集合
求;;;。
20. (本小题满分14分) 设,,,。
(1)若,求a的值。
(2)若且,求a的值。
(3)若,求a的值。高一阶段性测试英语试题
第I卷(80分)
I. 选择填空 从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案。(15分)
1.—Tim, do you have _____________ soccer ball
Yes, I do.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
2.—What time does your mother get up
—She gets up _____________ six o’clock every day, but a little later on weekends.
A .in B. on C. at D. during
3.—What’s your favorite subject, Jane
—My favorite subject is P.E. because it is _____________
A boring B difficult C exciting D interested
4.—What do you want do be when you grow up
—I want to work for _____________ and open up my own company
A me B mine C myself D. I
5.—____________ have you been in Jinan, Miss Smith
—For about two years. I teach English in a language school.
A How far B How much C How often D How long
6.—_____________ listen to music in the classroom or the hallways, Peter.
—Sorry, I won’t, Mrs. Black
A. Doesn’t B. Don’t C. Didn’t D. Can’t
7.—Could you please _____________
—Yes, sure.
A doing the dishes B. to take out the trash C. make your bed D. cleaned your bedroom
8.—What are the rules in the library
—First, magazines can’t be ____________ from the library.
A. taken after B. taken part C. taken off D. taken away
9. The best tickets for Jay Chou’s concert on May Day ____________ more than 2,000 RMB
A .pay B. cost C. spend D. take
10.—I am new in the school and I know ____________ here.
—The kids are very kind and I think you will make friends with them soon.
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody
11.—I think _____________ fewer cars in the future.
—I agree. People will use subway more.
A. there is B. there are C. there will be D. have
12.—Do you know the girl over there I often see her ____________ her classmates.
—Yes, she is Lily. She is a very warm-hearted girl.
A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped
13.—Why do you want to be a teacher?
—If I _____________ a teacher, I can work with lovely kids.
A .become B. becomes C. became D. will become
14.—I have a terrible cold, so I can’t go shopping with you.
—_____________.
A. Glad to hear that B. I am sorry to hear that
C. I don’t agree with you D. I hope so.
15.—Excuse me. Could you tell me _____________
—Yes.
A where were you born B what color is your bike
C if I can join the music club D when is your birthday
II. 完形填空 阅读下面短文,从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。(20分)
A
Nowadays we can see more and more electric bikes in the street. Electric bikes are easy to
ride. They run fast and make ____16____ pollution. So they become very ___17____ in many big cities in China.
But the electric bikes also ____18_____ more traffic accidents. So China plans to make a new rule____19____ the electric bike riders. If an electric bike is ___20____ than 40 kilos and can go faster than 20 kilometers an hour, its rider must get a ___21___. It means riders have to pass driving tests ___22_____they ride their electric bikes on the road.
People have different ideas about the plan. ___23___ welcome the plan because they think it will make the street much safer. But some are not ___24____ the new rules at all. One rider said, “I don’t want to get a license or ____25____ like that. That’s too much trouble.”
What’s your idea Have you ridden an electric bike yet Share your opinion or your own experience with us!
16. A .much B. many C. few D little
17. A. popular B. difficult C. strong D interesting
18. A. plan. B. cause C. provide D decide
19. A. from B. to C. for D with
20. A. bigger B. heavier C. longer D better
21. A. license B. photo C. ID card D magazine
22. A. during B. after C. before D though
23. A. None B. Some C. Each D Every
24. A. terrified of B. worried about C. sorry about D happy with
25. A. something B. nothing C. anything D everything
B
One night, a thief broke into an old man’s house. He  26   a noise and woke up the old man and his wife. The husband told his 27   to be silent, while he said loudly, “My dear, these days thieves are  28  . If they take   29   their clothes and put them on the table, people in the room will fall asleep and   30  wake up.”When the thief   31   this, he took off his clothes   32  and was ready to work.
At this   33   the husband suddenly shouted in a loud voice. “Stop thief! Stop thief!” The thief was very frightened. He ran away as  34   as he could and   35   his clothes on the table.
26. A. make B. makes C. made D. making
27. A. son B. wife C. daughter D. aunt
28. A. better B. faster C. cleverer D. happy
29. A. off B. on C. in D. at
30. A. can’t B. couldn’t C. may not D. shouldn’t
31. A. listened B. hear C. heard D. listened to
32. A. then B. at once C. now D. later
33. A. moment B. hour C. minute D. day
34. A. short B. slow C. fast D. long
35. A. brought B. left C. got D. took
III. 补全对话 从每题A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出一个最佳答案完成对话。(5分)
A: Good morning, madam.
B: Good morning, sir.
A: You look worried. 36___________?
B: My daughter got lost when I did shopping in the market this morning. I’ve looked for her everywhere in the market, but I can’t find her. What shall I do?
A: 37_____________.Tell us something about her. I am sure I can help you.
B: Thank you, sir.
A: Now please tell me 38____________.
B: She’s five years old.
A: 39_____________
B: She’s kind of heavy and she has a round face and long curly hair.
A: What color dress is she wearing today?
B: 40_____________
A: Where did you find she was missing
B: In the Kids World.
A: OK. What’s your telephone number?
B: It’s 89256480.
A: All right. We’ll start to look for her right away. We’ll call you as soon as we find her.
B: Thank you very much.
A: You are welcome.
36. A. What’s wrong with you B. How is it going
C. What about you D. Where are you from
37. A. That’s all right. B. Don’t worry, please C. Don’t mention it. D. Be careful, please.
38. A .how old she is B. how she is C. What she is D. what she does
39. A. Is she kind of heavy B. Does she have a round face
C. What does she look like D. What does she like to do
40. A. She’s wearing a long T-shirt. B She’s wearing sunglasses
C She’s wearing sports shoes D. She’s wearing a red and white skirt
IV. 阅读理解 阅读下列短文,从每题A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出一个能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。(40分)
A
Nick is a 14-year-old school boy. His life is full of exams and studies on weekdays. He has little free time. He thinks playing computer games is the best way to make him relax. When he has free time, he sits in front of the computer. Just like that way, he neither eats nor drinks for several hours.
Last weekend, he played games on the computer again. He was too excited and didn't want to move. He didn't have anything for six hours. When he had to go to the bathroom, he found he could not move. He was taken to the hospital. The doctor told him he should do some more different kinds of activities. In other words, he needs more exercise and outdoor activities to make him have a healthy body.
After coming back from the hospital, Nick follows the doctor's advice. He often plays soccer with his friends. Sometimes he still plays computer games on weekends, but he never does it for long. Now, he lives a happy and healthy life.
41. How old is Nick
A.13. B.14. C.15. D.16.
42. Nick likes _________ in his free time.
A.riding a bike B.playing the guitar
C.playing computer games D.having a school trip
43. Why was Nick taken to the hospital
A.Because he was too excited.
B.Because he had a cold in the morning.
C.Because he was too nervous of his studies.
D.Because he couldn't move after playing computer games so long.
44. Nick should ________ to follow the doctor's advice.
A.go to a movie B.listen to music C.take more exercise D.play computer games
45. Which of the following is True
A. Nick is very busy with exams and studies on weekdays.
B. Nick will never play computer games.
C. Nick likes eating and drinking when he plays computer games.
D. Nick has an unhappy and unhealthy life now.
B
In China, many people are leaving the countryside to find jobs in the cities, because the countryside is much poorer than the city, and often there isn't much work there. Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in the city than in the countryside. They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city.
But in the big cities of Europe like London or Paris, people are moving out of the city. These rich families want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city, and they are tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. They don't want to live in the cities any more. They want a house with a garden in the countryside, and breathe the fresh air there.
So they move out of the cities. Some don't go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities, other people move to the real countryside with sheep, cows and green fields. There, they start new lives and try to make new friends.
Not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They don't make so much money and there isn't much work to do. People in the countryside are very different and aren't always very friendly.
As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. "It's wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights," they say.
46. Which is NOT the reason for people moving to the cities in China
A.The countryside is much poorer than me city.
B.People in the countryside have nothing to eat.
C.People in the countryside don't have much work to do there.
D.Services in cities are usually much better than those in the countryside.
47. Why do some rich families in Europe move to the countryside
A.Because they will find good jobs.
B.Because they are tired of living in the city.
C.Because they can make more money there.
D.Because they like feeding sheep and cows in the green fields.
48. After moving to the countryside, some people in Europe feel unhappy because ___________
A.they can't make much money
B.there isn't much work for them to do in the countryside
C.some people in the countryside aren't always very friendly to them
D.A, B and C
49. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph shows __________
A.they are happy to move back to the city
B.they miss their friends in the countryside
C.they still want to move to the countryside
D.they are tired of the noise and the crowded streets in the city
50. The best title of this passage may be “__________”
A.A happy life! B.Living in the city!
C.Moving out or moving back D.Living in the countryside!
C
Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He had no legs but stumps(残肢) that could be fitted with a kind of special boots. Children laughed at him and called him ‘Ape Man’ (猿人) because his arms practically dragged on the ground.
Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way through college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.
Hank felt himself got cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs(假腿). Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror. For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to be——a full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.
Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he walked the length of the room , and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.
When World War II came , he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job. He took the regular training. He marched(行军) and drilled along with the other soldiers. Few knew that he was legless. This was the true story of Hank Viscardi, a man without legs.
51 Children laughed at Hank and called him ‘Ape Man’ because ______.
A. he didn’t talk to them
B. he kept away from them
C. his arms touched the ground when he moved
D. he couldn’t use his arms
52. We can know from the story that five feet eight inches tall is ______.
A. the height for an adult B. too tall for an adult
C. too short for an adult D. the height of a young kid
53.The sentence “he talked the Red Cross into giving him a job” means that the Red Cross _____.
A. was only glad to give him a job
B. gave him a job because he was a good soldier
C. gave him a job because he was a poor man
D. was not willing to give him a job at first
54. When Hank marched and drilled along with the other soldiers, he ______.
A. did everything the other soldiers did
B. did most of the things the other soldiers did
C. did some of the things the other soldiers did
D. took some special training
55. In the writer’s opinion, Hank Viscardi _______.
A. had no friends B. never saw himself as different from others
C. was very shy D. was too proud to accept help from others
D
Saturday, March 24th
We have arrived in the hot, wet city of Bangkok. This is our first trip to Thailand(泰国). All the different smells make us want to try the food. We are going to eat something special for dinner tonight. The hotel we are staying in is cheap, and very clean. We plan to stay here for a few days, visit some places in the city, and then travel to Chiang Mai in the North.
Tuesday, March 27th
Bangkok is wonderful and surprising. The places are interesting. We visited the famous market which was on water, and saw a lot of fruits and vegetables. Everything is so colorful, and we have taken hundreds of photos already! Later today we will leave for Chiang Mai. We will take the train north, stay in Chiang Mai for two days, and then catch a bus to Chiang Rai.
Friday, March 30th
Our trip to Chiang Rai was long and boring. We visited a small village in the mountains. The village people here love the quiet life—no computers or phones. They are the kindest people I have ever met. They always smile and say“hello”. Kathy and I can only speak a few words of Thai, so smiling is the best way to show our kindness. I feel good here and hope to be able to come back next year.
56. The diaries above show the writer’s __________________ days in Thailand.
A. 3 B. 7 C. 15 D.8
57. It seems that visitors __________________ in Bangkok.
A. often feel hungry
B. can’t take any photos
C. can have a good time
D. feel a little bored
58. Which of the following is TRUE
A. Chiang Mai is a beautiful city in the south of Thailand.
B. The writer left Chiang Mai for Chiang Rai by bus.
C. The writer is traveling alone in Thailand.
D. The writer will take a bus to Chiang Mai.
59. The people in the village _______________________.
A. are friendly to others
B. like to speak English
C. hope to live in the cities
D. live a very busy life
60. What is the best title(标题)for the whole diary
A. My First Travel
B. The Outside World
C. Traveling in Thailand
D. My Trip to Chiang Mai
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共40分)
V. 选词填空 10分)
A. 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的单词填空。(每词限用一次)
cooking for late dinner me
Today was not a good day. Everything went wrong. First, I slept late and Mom shouted at me to wake up. I just had a glass of milk 61 breakfast. Of course, I missed the bus and had to wait for the next bus. I was 62 for school and the teacher told me to stay in the classroom at lunchtime to finish the schoolwork.
When I got home, I went straight to my room to do my homework. Unluckily, I had some problems finishing it. At that time, Mom was busy with 63 . She was 64 some fish and some vegetables. She knows I don’t like them, but she thinks they are good for 65 .
It was a horrible day. I hope tomorrow will be better.
B. 阅读短文,从方框中选出适当的动词,并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号。 (每词限用一次)
remember be speak fall finish
Everyone has his teachers. I 66 Miss Gao, my first English teacher, all my life. She is the best teacher I have had. She is not tall, but she has two big beautiful eyes. Her voice sounds nice and she 67 English very well. She teaches us carefully and gives us chances to speak English. If our homework 68 well, she will speak highly of us. And we 69 very interested in learning English since then. One day when we played a game in her class, I 70 down hard. She was very worried and sent me to hospital at once. She is not only a good teacher but also a kind mother.
VI。 改写句子 按括号中的要求完成改写后的句子,每个空格填一个单词。(5分)
71. My father goes to work by car. (改为一般疑问句)
______________ your father _______________ to work by car
72. It is 5 kilometers from my school to my home. (对划线部分提问)
______________ _____________ is it from my school to my home.
73. Mr. Li asked me, “What do you do after supper every day ”
Mr. Li asked me _____________ _____________ _____________ after supper every day.
74. My shoes are black and white.(对划线部分提问)
_____________ _____________ _____________your shoes
75. It takes me an hour to finish my homework every day. (改为同义句)
I ________ an hour _________ my homework every day.
VII. 书面表达(25分)
初中阶段的学习已经结束,回想自己在父母和师长的关爱和帮助下的成长过程,心中充满感激之情。请用英语给父母或老师写一封80词左右的信表示感谢。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高一英语试题参考答案:
1-5 ACCCD 6-10 BCDBC 11-15 CAABC 16-20 DABCB
21-25 ACBDC 26-30 CBCAA 31----35 CBACB 36----40 ABACD
41—45 BCDCA 46---50 BBDAC 51---55 CADAB 56-60 BCBAC
61—65 for, late, dinner, cooking, me; 66—70 will remember, speaks, is finished, have been, fell
71 Does, go; 72.How far; 73.what I did; 74.What color are  75.spend,finish 
One possible version:
  范文(1)
  Dear parents,
  Words fail me when I want to express my thanks to you. You have taken good care of me since I was born. When I am in trouble,you always encourage me and cheer me up. Once I argued with my best friend and was upset,you talked with me the whole night and finally helped me solve the problem. With your help,I have become a good student. I am so thankful for your love that I will work harder and try to do better in the future.
  Best wishes.
   Yours,
   Zhang Hua
范文(2)
  Dear teacher,
  Words fail me when I want to express my thanks to you. You have taken good care of me since I came to this school. When I am in trouble,you always encourage me and cheer me up. You are kind but strict with us,you never allow us to pretend that we know what we don't know. You often tell us that it's no use memorizing new words without understanding. With your help,my English has greatly improved. Thank you for caring about me,and I will work harder in the future.
  Best wishes.
   Yours,
   Zhang Hua高一生物阶段性测试生物试题
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)
一、选择题(共40小题,每小题1.5分,共60分,每小题只有一个选项最符合题意。)
1.人体发育的起点是( )
A.胎儿 B.婴儿 C.卵细胞 D.受精卵
2.生物学家认为病毒是生物,其主要理由是( )
A.它是由蛋白质和核酸组成的 B.它能够侵染其他生物
C.它能够在寄主体内复制并产生后代 D.它具有细胞结构
3.一棵杨树的结构层次为( )
A.细胞→器官→组织→系统→个体 B.细胞→组织→器官→系统→个体
C.细胞→组织→器官→个体 D.细胞→器官→系统→个体
4.牛通过吃草获得化合物和元素。那么,牛和草体内的各种化学元素( )
A.种类差异很大,含量大体相同 B.种类和含量差异都很大
C.种类和含量都是大体相同的 D.种类大体相同,含量差异很大
5. 生物细胞中含量最多的两种物质所共有的元素是( )
A. C、H、O B. C、H、O、N C. H、O D. N、P
6. 在生物体内含量极少,但对维持生物体正常生命活动必不可少的元素是( )
A.Fe、Mn、Zn、Mg B.Zn、Cu、Mn、Ca
C. Mg、Mn、Cu、Mo D. Zn、Cu、B、Mn
7. 可可西里的藏羚羊保护者研究该地区藏羚羊的数量变化和繁殖情况,他们的研究属于生命系统结构层次中的
A.个体 B.种群 C.群落 D.生态系统
8. 用高倍显微镜观察真菌和细菌,可以用来鉴别两者差异的主要结构是(  )
A. 核膜 B.细胞膜 C.细胞质 D. 细胞壁
9. 一个由n条肽链组成的蛋白质共有m个氨基酸,该蛋白质完全水解共需水分子( )
A.n 个 B.m 个 C.(m+n)个 D.(m-n)个
10.构成人体的细胞,根据其形态结构和功能上的差异,可以分为600多种不同的类型,其原因是( )
A.细胞分裂的结果 B.细胞生长的结果
C.细胞分化的结果 D.细胞内遗传物质不同
11.谷氨酸的R基为—C3H5O2,在一个谷氨酸分子中,含有碳和氧的原子数分别是( )
A.4,4 B.5,4 C.4,5 D.5,5
12. 使用显微镜由低倍镜转为高倍镜观察时正确的操作步骤是 ( )?
①移动装片 ②调节光圈和反光镜 ③转动转换器 ④转动细准焦螺旋 ⑤转动细粗焦螺旋
A. ②③④⑤ B. ①③②④ C.④③①⑤ D.③②①④
13. 下列关于蓝藻的叙述,错误的是(   )
A.蓝藻细胞有细胞壁 B.蓝藻含有核糖体
C.蓝藻细胞中没有细胞核 D. 蓝藻细胞含有叶绿体,能进行光合作用
14. 下列哪项不是细胞学说的主要内容( )
A.细胞分为细胞质、细胞核、细胞膜三部分 B.一切动植物由细胞及其产物构成
C.细胞是生物体相对独立的单位 D.新细胞可以从老细胞中产生
15. 已知苯丙氨酸的分子式是C9H11NO2,那么该氨基酸的R基是( )
A.-C7H7O B.-C7H7N C.-C7H7 D.-C7H5NO
16. 某蛋白质分子由M个氨基酸、4条肽链组成,则该蛋白质分子( ) [来源:w
A.共有M个肽键 B.至少含有20种氨基酸
C.水解时需要M+4个水分子 D.至少含有4个羧基
17. 肝脏细胞中,含量最多的化合物是 [来源:www.www.]
A.胆汁 B.水 C.肝糖元 D.蛋白质
18. 下列四组生物中,细胞结构最相似,且均属于自养生物的是( )
A.颤藻、水绵、香菇 B.烟草、草履虫、大肠杆菌
C.小麦、番茄、大豆 D.酵母菌、乳酸菌、噬菌体
19. 在河北省“红心鸭蛋”事件中,部分的蛋鸭养殖户用加入“红药”(主要成分是苏
丹Ⅳ)的饲料喂蛋鸭而得到“红心鸭蛋”,被染成红色的是蛋黄中的( )
A.脂肪 B.蛋白质 C.核酸 D.葡萄糖
20. 下列关于蛋白质功能的举例合理的是 ( )
A.催化——抗体 B.运输——唾液淀粉酶
C. 免疫——血红蛋白 D. 调节——胰岛素
21. 生物体内的蛋白质千差万别,其原因不可能是( )
A.组成肽键的化学元素不同 B.组成蛋白质的氨基酸种类和数量不同
C.氨基酸排列顺序不同 D.蛋白质的空间结构不同
22. 列分子中,与构成生物体的蛋白质的氨基酸分子式不相符的是( )
A. B. H2N—CH2—CH2—COOH
C. D.
23. 现有氨基酸800个,其中氨基总数为810个,羧基总数为808个,则由这些氨基酸合成的含有2条肽链的蛋白质共有肽键、氨基和羧基的数目依次分别为( )
A.798、2和2 B.798、12和10
C.799、1和1 D.799、11和9
24. 由丙氨酸、甘氨酸和亮氨酸这三个氨基酸组成的三肽有( )
A.6种 B.5种 C.4种 D.3种
25. 通常情况下,分子式为C63H103O45N18S2的多肽化合物中最多含有肽键 ( )
A.63个 B.62个 C.17个 D.16个
26. 两个氨基酸分子缩合形成二肽,并生成一分子水,这一分子水中的氢来自于( )
A.羧基 B.氨基 C.羧基和氨基 D.连接在碳原子上的氢
27. 在组成生物体蛋白质的氨基酸中,酪氨酸几乎不溶于水,而精氨酸易溶于水,这种差异的产生取决于 ( )
A.两者的R基组成不同 B.酪氨酸的氨基多
C.两者的结构完全不同 D.精氨酸的羧基多
28. 下列有关叙述不正确的是( )
A.一切生物体的生命活动都是在细胞内或在细胞参与下完成的
B.除病毒外,生物体都是由细胞构成的
C.SARS病毒没有细胞结构,也能独立完成生命活动
D.多细胞生物依赖各种分化的细胞密切合作,共同完成复杂的生命活动
29.用显微镜的一个目镜分别与4个不同倍数的物镜组合来观察血细胞涂片。当成像清晰时,每一物镜与载玻片的距离如图所示。如果载玻片位置不变,用哪一物镜在一个视野中看到的细胞最少( )
30.若以图甲代表与生命系统相关概念的范围,其中正确的是( )
供选项 a b c
A 生物大分子 细胞 组织
B 个体 种群 群落
C 组织 系统 器官
D[ 生态系统 群落 种群
31.下列组合中,能体现生命系统的结构层次由简单到复杂正确顺序的是
①一个池塘中的全部生物 ②一片草地上的全部昆虫 ③某水库中的全部鲫鱼 ④一根枯木及枯木上的所有生物 ⑤血液 ⑥神经元 ⑦细胞内的各种化合物 ⑧发菜 ⑨血浆 ⑩肝脏
A.⑦⑥⑤⑩⑧③①④ B.⑧⑨⑩②①④ C.⑥⑤⑩⑧③①④ D.⑥⑨⑩⑧③①④
32.如图为几种常见的单细胞生物的结构示意图。下列有关该组生物的叙述中错误的是
A.图中各细胞都有两种核酸 B.具有核膜、核仁的细胞是①②③[来源:www.]
C.④⑤都是自养生物        D.各细胞都有细胞膜、细胞质和DNA
33.已知20种氨基酸的平均分子量是128。现有一蛋白质分子,由两条多肽链组成,共有肽键98个,则此蛋白质的分子量最接近于( )
A.12 800 B.12 544 C.11 036 D.12 288
34.下列哪一事实能说明生物界与非生物界具有统一性( )
A.生物与非生物都具有化学变化 B.生物与非生物都由元素构成
C.组成生物体的化学元素在无机自然界中都可以找到 D.生物与非生物都含有碳元素
35.如右图表示细胞中各种化合物或基本元素占细胞鲜重的含量,以下按①②③④顺序排列正确的是
A.蛋白质、水、脂质、糖类,C、O、H、N
B.蛋白质、糖类、脂质、水,N、H、O、C
C.水、蛋白质、脂质、糖类,H、O、N、C
D.水、蛋白质、糖类、脂质,N、H、C、O
36.生物组织中还原糖、脂肪和蛋白质三种有机物的鉴定实验中,以下错误的是( )
A.可溶性还原糖的鉴定,可用酒精灯直接加热产生砖红色沉淀
B.只有脂肪的鉴定需要使用显微镜
C.用双缩脲试剂检测蛋白质不需要加热
D.使用斐林试剂和双缩脲试剂最好是现配现用
37. 鸡蛋煮熟后,蛋白质变性失活,这是由于高温破坏了蛋白质的( )
A.肽键 B.肽链 C.空间结构 D.氨基酸
38.下列生物中,属于原核生物的一组是( )① 蓝藻 ② 酵母菌 ③ 草履虫 ④ 衣藻 ⑤ 水绵 ⑥ 青霉菌 ⑦ 葡萄球菌 ⑧ 放线菌
A. ①⑦⑧ B. ②③⑤ C. ①③④⑦ D. ②⑥⑦⑧
39. 下列各项中,不是蛋白质所具有的功能的一项是( )
A.调节作用 B.免疫作用 C.运输作用 D.遗传作用
40.下列关于光学显微镜高倍镜使用的描述中,错误的是( )
A.换高倍镜前,需在低倍镜下将观察目标移至视野中央
B.换高倍镜后,必须先用粗准焦螺旋调焦,再用细准焦螺旋调焦
C.换高倍镜后,物镜镜头与载玻片之间的距离减小
D.换高倍镜后,视野会变暗,需增加进光量
41.(10分)下图是几种生物的基本结构单位。请根据图回答下面的问题。 ?
(1)最有可能属于病毒的是 ,它在结构上不同于其他三种图示的显著特点
是 ? 。病毒的生活及繁殖必须在 内才能进行。 ?
(2)图中属于原核细胞的是 ,它在结构上不同于真核细胞的最显著特点是 ? ,与真核细胞的统一性表现在 。
(3)能进行光合作用的是〔 〕 ?,能完成此生理过程的物质基础是因为其内含有 ?,因而它是一类营 生活的生物。 ?
(4)D图展示了哺乳动物的平滑肌细胞,其遗传物质在存在方式上不同于其他三种图示的特点为 。
42.( 10分)下列是某化合物的结构,据图回答:
(1)此化合物的名称是__________。④的名称是___________;⑥的名称是_________;
①的名称 。
(2)图中表示R基的代号是______________;图中的氨基的代号是__________。
(3)该化合物含_________个氨基,在这个过程中,相对分子质量减少了_________。
(4)组成这类化合物的基本单位的结构通式是________________。
(5)已知苯丙氨酸的分子式是C9H11NO2,那么该氨基酸的R基是( )
A.—C7H7O B.—C7H7 C.—C7H7N D.—C7H5NO
(6)该化合物是由______________种氨基酸组成的。
43.(10分)用氨基酸自动分析仪测定几种蛋白类化合物的氨基酸数目如下:
多 肽 化 合 物
① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩
名称 催产素 牛加压素 血管缓舒素 平滑肌舒张素 猪促黑色素细胞激素 人促黑色素细胞激素 牛胰蛋白酶 人胰岛素 免疫球蛋白Ig 人血红蛋白
氨基酸数 9 9 9 10 13 22 223 51 660 574
(1)表中①②③的氨基酸数目虽然相同,但其生理作用彼此不同,这是因为它们的__________ _不同。
(2) 表中的③与④、⑤与⑥虽然功能相似,但各具专一性,它们之间的差异取决于________________ _
(3)⑧的生理功能说明蛋白质具有_____________作用;⑨的生理功能说明蛋白质具有_____________作用;⑩的生理功能说明蛋白质具有 作用。
(4)⑩由574个氨基酸分子组成的4条肽链组成,在形成过程中生成 ____ __ 分子水。
(5)在不知血管舒张素肽的具体结构情况下,推知这种肽类化合物至少有____个氨基和_____个羧基,这些氨基和羧基位于肽类化合物的哪一位置?__________________ 。
(6)⑥中常见的氨基酸最多有__________种
44.(10分)回答以下问题:
(1)实验原理是根据生物组织中的有机物与某些化学试剂所产生的      反应,
鉴定生物组织中某种有机物的存在。
(2)鉴定成熟梨果内存在还原性糖所用到的试剂是      ,该试剂与细胞内可溶性糖中的还原性糖如      发生反应,形成    色沉淀。[来源:www.]
(3)鉴定花生子叶中存在脂肪,所用到的染色试剂是     ,被染成 色。
(4)鉴定花生子叶中存在脂肪,所用到的50%酒精作用是
(5)鉴定蛋清组织中存在蛋白质时,使用的试剂 ,形成 色的络合物;实验时为何要充分稀释?             
高一生物第一次月考生物试题答案
1~10 DCCDC DBADC 11~20 BBDAC DBCAD
21~30 ABBAC CACAD 31~40 CCCCA ACADB
41.(1)C 无细胞结构 宿主活细胞 ?
(2)A B 没有成型的细胞核 具有细胞膜、细胞质和遗传物质DNA
(3)B蓝藻 藻蓝素 叶绿素 自养 ?
(4)以染色体、染色质的形式存在于细胞核中
42.( 10分)(1) 三肽 肽键 羧基 氨基 (2) 2、3、5 ①
(3) 1 36 (4) (5) B (6)3种
43. ( 10分)(1)_氨基酸种类和排列次序_ (2)__氨基酸的种类、数目和排列次序
(3) 调节 免疫 运输氧气(4)570 (5)4 4 分别位于每条肽链的两端
(6)20
44.(1)颜色(2)斐林试剂 葡萄糖 砖红色(3)苏丹Ⅲ 橘黄色 (4) 洗去染液
(5)双缩脲试剂 紫色 如果蛋清稀释不够,与双缩脲试剂发生反应后会黏在试管内壁上,使反应物不容易彻底清洗,也不易刷洗试管。
H2N—CH—CH3
COOH
H2N—CH—COOH
CH2CH2COOH
H2N—(CH2)4—CH—COOH
NH2
载玻片
物镜
载玻片
物镜
载玻片
物镜
载玻片
物镜
A B C D
a
b
c若以图甲代表与生命系统相关概念的范围,其中正确的是
供选项 a b c
A 生物大分子 细胞 组织
B 个体 种群 群落
C 组织 系统 器官
D[来源:www.] 生态系统 群落 种群高一化学阶段性测试 (2012.10)
(分值:100分 考试时间:90分钟)
可能用到的相对原子质量:H:1 C:12 Na:23 Cl:35.5
第I卷(本卷为选择题,共48分)
一、选择题(本题包括16小题,每小题只有一个选项符合题意,每小题3分)
1.下列说法中正确的是 ( )
A.过氧化氢是由氢气和氧气组成的
B.酸和碱中都一定含有氢元素和氧元素
C.碱中一定含有氢氧根离子
D.氧化物和盐中一定含有氧元素
2.下列物质中肯定属于纯净物的是 ( )
A.由同种元素组成的物质 B.由同种分子组成的物质
C没有固定的熔,沸点的物质 D。质子数相同的微粒组成的物质
3.下列各组物质按照化合物,单质,混合物的顺序排列的是 ( )
A.烧碱 液态氧 碘酒 B.生石灰 熟石灰 白磷
C.干冰 铜 氯化氢 D.空气 氮气 胆矾
4.胶体和其他分散系的本质区别是 ( )
A 是不是一种稳定的体系 B.分散系粒子的直径大小
C.是否能产生丁达尔现象 D.粒子是否带电荷
5.在物质分类中,前者包含后者的是( )
A.化合物 氧化物 B.胶体,分散系
C.溶液、胶体 D.非金属氧化物、酸性氧化物
6. 在实验室中,对下列操作或药品的处理正确的是 ( )
A. 实验室稀释浓硫酸是,应将浓硫酸沿着烧杯内壁加入到水中,并用玻璃棒不断搅拌
B. 实验室称量氢氧化钠固体时,放在纸片上称量
C. 少量浓硫酸沾在皮肤上,立即用氢氧化钠溶液冲洗
D. 含硫酸的废液倒入水槽中,用水冲入下水道
7.从金属利用的历史看,先是青铜时代,而后是铁器时代,铝的利用是近百年的事。这个先后顺序跟下列有关的是 ( )
①地壳中的金属的含量 ②金属活动顺序 ③金属的导电性 ④金属冶炼的难易程度 ⑤金属的延展性
A.①③ B.②⑤ C.③⑤ D.②④
8.从物质类别的通性角度分析,下列说法错误的是 (  )
A.金属单质可以与非金属单质反应
B.酸性氧化物可以与碱反应
C.非金属单质应该与酸反应
D.碱性氧化物可以与水反应
9.下列关于氧化物的叙述中,正确的是 (  )
A.金属氧化物一定是碱性氧化物,非金属氧化物一定是酸性氧化物
B.碱性氧化物一定是金属氧化物,酸性氧化物不一定是非金属氧化物
C.碱性氧化物都能与水化合生成碱
D.酸性氧化物都能与水化合生成酸
10.下列变化可通过一步反应实现的是 (  )
A.Na2CO3―→NaOH
B.CuO―→Cu(OH)2
C.CaCO3―→Ca(OH)2
D.CO―→Na2CO3
11.下列事实与胶体性质无关的是 ( )
A.在豆浆里加入盐卤做豆腐
B.水泥厂高压电除尘
C.一束平行光照射蛋白质溶液时,从侧面可以看见一条光亮的通路
D.三氯化铁溶液中滴入氢氧化钠溶液出现红褐色沉淀
12.化学时刻影响着我们的生活,它在工农业生产和日常生活中起到了非常重要的作用.下列说法中正确的是(  )
A.使用一些新型的可降解的塑料可减少“白色污染
B.蛋白质、糖类、油脂、维生素是人体必须的营养素,应尽可能多吃
C.熟石灰可以改良酸性土壤,而且能和硫酸铵混合使用
D.为了减少水体的污染,农业上禁止使用农药和化肥
13.美国”9.11”恐怖袭击事件中,毁坏的建筑物散发出大量的石棉,人吸入石棉纤维易患肺癌,石棉是硅酸盐矿物,某种石棉的化学式为:Ca2MgxSiyO22(OH)2 ,该化学式中的x,y的值分别是 ( )
A.5,8 B.8,3 C.3,8 D.8,5
14.下列四个反应中,在反应类型上与其他三个不同的是 ( )
A.C与CuO B.Zn与HCl C.H2与CuO D.HCl与CuO
15.盐是一类常见的物质,下列物质通过一步反应可直接形成盐的是 ①金属单质 ② 碱性氧化物 ③碱 ④非金属单质 ⑤酸性氧化物 ⑥酸
A.①②③ B.①④⑥ C.②⑤⑥ D.全部
16.据《厦门日报》报道:厦大郑兰荪院士的研究小组成功地获得了C50颗粒。1985年美国
科学家斯莫利发现了C60,获得了1996年的诺贝尔化学奖,下列说法正确的是( )
A.C50是一种新型化合物
B.C50如果完全燃烧,生成物是一氧化碳
C.C50和C60都是由碳原子构成的,它们是相同的一种物质
D.C50的发现说明还有可能发现碳元素的其他未知单质
第Ⅱ卷(本卷为简答题 共52分)
17.(10分)下列10种物质:①水 ②空气 ③铁 ④二氧化碳 ⑤硫酸
⑥熟石灰[Ca(OH)2] ⑦胆矾(CuSO4·5H2O) ⑧NaOH溶液 ⑨碱式碳酸铜[Cu2(OH)2CO3] ⑩硫酸氢钠(NaHSO4)
(1)属于混合物的是________。
(2)属于氧化物的是________。
(3)属于碱的是______。
(4)属于酸的是______。
(5)属于盐的是________。(以上空格填物质的序号)
18.(10分)现有下列八种物质:①纯碱,②盐酸,③稀硫酸,④氯化钙溶液,⑤烧碱,⑥二氧化碳⑦氯化铁,⑧氢氧化铁。按下列要求写出反应的化学方程式:
(1)无氧酸与钠盐: _________________________________
(2) 碱与无氧酸:______________________________________
(3) 两种盐溶液:______________________________________
(4) 酸性氧化物与可溶性碱:_____________________________
(5) 含氧酸与不溶性碱___________________________________
19.(12分)小明同学欲通过实验证明“二氧化锰是氯酸钾受热分解的催化剂”这一命题.他设计并完成了下表所示的探究实验:
实验操作 实验现象 实验结论或总结
各步骤结论 总结
实验一 将氯酸钾加热至融化,伸入带火星的木条, 木条复燃 氯酸钾受热要分解产生氧气,但是 _________ .反应的化学方程式为:_______________________ . 二氧化锰是氯酸钾受热分解的催化剂
实验二 加热二氧化锰,伸入带火星的木条, 木条不复燃 二氧化锰受热不产生氧气.
实验三  _________  木条迅速复 燃 二氧化锰能加快氯酸钾的分解
(1)请你帮小明同学填写上表中未填完的空格;
(2)在小明的探究实验中,实验一和实验二起的作用是;___________________
(3)小英同学认为仅由上述实验还不能完全得出表内“总结”,她补充设计了两个方面的探究实验,最终完成了对“命题”的实验证明.
第一方面的实验操作中包含了两次称量,其目的是: _________ ________________
第二方面的实验是 _________ ____________.
20.(12分) 有A、B、C、D四种物质,如图所示,A、B、C在一定下可以发生转化,在C溶液中通入CO2,溶液变浑浊,生成白色沉淀A.D与A、B、C均能发生反应,D与C发生中和反应,D与A反应有CO2气体产生,D与AgNO3溶
液反应,可产生不溶于稀硝酸的白色沉淀.
(1)请根据已知条件推断四种物质的化学式:A ______B ______C _____ D _______
(2)请写出下列反应的化学方程式:C溶液中通入CO2,溶液变浑浊 _________ _____ D与A反应 _________ ________.
22.(8分)某同学从制碱厂带回一瓶废弃的纯碱样品,决定测定其中碳酸钠的质量分数(假设该样品中只含有氯化钠一种杂质).她取样品30g逐滴加入稀盐酸,生成CO2气体的质量与滴加稀盐酸的质量关系如右图所示,
求(1)样品中碳酸钠的质量分数_____________;
求(2)反应中消耗的氯化氢的质量_________________。高一阶段性测试物理试题
试卷总分:100分 考试时间:100分钟
第一卷 选择题
本题共15小题,每小题4分,共60分。全选对的,得4分,选对但不全的,得3分。
1.下列关于质点的说法中,正确的是( )
A.质点是一个理想化模型,实际上并不存在,所以,引入这个概念没有多大意义B.质量和体积很小的物体可看成质点
C.研究一列火车通过南京长江大桥时间时,不能火车看成质点
D.如果物体的形状和大小对所研究的问题属于无关或次要因素时,即可把物体看作质点
2.某校高一的新同学分别乘两辆汽车去市公园游玩。两辆汽车在平直公路上运动,甲车内一同学看见乙车没有运动,而乙车内一同学看见路旁的树木向西移动。如果以地面为参考系,那么,上述观察说明( )
A.甲车不动,乙车向东运动 B.乙车不动,甲车向东运动
C.甲车向西运动,乙车向东运动 D.甲、乙两车以相同的速度都向东运动3.某人沿着半径为 R的水平圆周跑道跑了1.75圈时,他的( )
A.路程和位移的大小均为3.5πR B.路程和位移的大小均为RC.路程为3.5πR、位移的大小为R D.路程为0.5πR、位移的大小为R4.某中学正在举行班级对抗赛,张明明同学是短跑运动员,在百米竞赛中,测得他在5 s末的速度为10.4 m/s,10 s末到达终点的速度为10.2 m/s,则他在全程中的平均速度为 ( )A.10.4 m/s B.10.3 m/s C.10.2 m/s D.10m/s5.下面的几个速度中表示平均速度的是( )
A.子弹射出枪口的速度是800 m/s,以 790 m/s的速度击中目标B.汽车从甲站行驶到乙站的速度是40 km/hC.汽车通过站牌时的速度是72 km/hD.小球第3 s末的速度是6 m/s.
6.关于瞬时速度,下列正确的是( )
A.瞬时速度是物体在某一段时间内或在某一段位移内的速度的平均值
B.瞬时速度可以看成是时间趋于无穷小时的平均速度
C.瞬时速度是物体在某一位置或某一时刻的速度
D.物体做匀速直线运动时,瞬时速度等于平均速度
7.下列关于加速度的描述中,正确的是( )
A.加速度在数值上等于单位时间里速度的变化B.当加速度与速度方向相同且又减小时,物体做减速运动C.速度方向为正,加速度方向为负D.速度变化越来越快,加速度越来越小8.下列关于速度和加速度的说法中,正确的是( )
A.物体的速度越大,加速度也越大B.物体的速度为零时,加速度也为零C.物体的速度变化量越大,加速度越大D.物体的速度变化越快,加速度越大9.关于路程与位移,下列说法中正确的是( )
A.位移的方向就是质点运动的方向 B.路程等于位移的大小
C.位移的值不会比路程大 D.质点运动的位移为零时,其运动的路程也为零
10.关于速度和加速度的关系,正确的是(  )
A.速度变化大,加速度就大 C.加速度方向保持不变,速度方向也不变
B.速度变化越快,加速度越大 D.加速度数值不断变小,速度也不断变小
11.下列说法正确的是(   )
A.加速度增大,速度一定增大 B.速度变化量越大,加速度就越大
C.物体有加速度,速度就增加 D.物体速度很大,加速度可能为零
12.一个质点做方向不变的直线运动,加速度的方向始终与速度方向相同,但加速度大小逐渐减小直至为零,则在此过程中(   )
A.速度逐渐减小,当加速度减小到零时,速度达到最小值
B.速度逐渐增大,当加速度减小到零时,速度达到最大值
C.位移逐渐增大,当加速度减小到零时,位移将不再增大
D.位移逐渐减小,当加速度减小到零时,位移达到最小值
13.关于加速度,下述说法中正确的是 ( )
A.加速度的大小与速度的大小无必然联系
B.加速度的方向与速度的方向可能相同,也可能相反
C.加速度很大时物体速度可能很小
D.加速度大的物体速度变化一定很大
14、物体作匀加速直线运动,已知加速度为2m/s2,那么在任意1s内 ( )
 A.物体的末速度一定等于初速度的2倍
 B.物体的未速度一定比初速度大2m/s
 C.物体的初速度一定比前1s内的末速度大2m/s
D.物体的末速度一定比前1s内的初速度大2m/s
15.如图是一辆汽车做直线运动的s-t图像,对线段OA、AB、BC、CD所表示的运动,下列说法正确的是:( )
A.OA段运动速度最大
B.AB段物体做匀速运动
C.CD段的运动方向与BC段运动方向相反
D.运动在3h时汽车的位移最大
第二卷 非选择题
二、填空题(共三小题,每题4分,共12分)
16.一物体做匀加速直线运动,某时刻速度大小为4m/s,经过1s后的速度的大小为10m/s,那么在这1s内,物体的加速度的可能为
17.有一只小老鼠离开洞穴沿直线前进,它的速度与到洞穴的距离成反比,当它行进到离洞穴距离为d1的甲处时速度为v1,则老鼠行进到离洞穴距离为d2的乙处时速度v2=____________18.某一施工队执行爆破任务,已知导火索的火焰顺着导火索燃烧的速度是0.8 cm/s,为了使点火人在导火索火焰烧到爆炸物以前能够跑到离点火处120 m远的安全地方去,导火索需要 m才行。(假设人跑的速率是4 m/s)三、计算题(共三小题,28分)
19.(8分)我国列车第四次提速后,出现了“星级列车”。T14次列车从上海始发,途经蚌埠、济南等城市,最后到达北京。T14次列车时刻表如下,由其时刻表可知,列车在蚌埠至济南区间段运行过程中的平均速率为多少?T14次列车时刻表停靠站 到达时刻 开车时刻 里程(km)
上海 ┅┅ 18:00 0
蚌埠 22:26 22:34 484
济南 03:13 03:21 966
北京 08:00 ┅┅ 1463
20.(10分)一辆汽车沿平直的公路行驶,第1s内通过5m的距离,第2s内和第3s内各通过20 m的距离,第4s内又通过了15 m的距离.求汽车在最初2s内的平均速度和这4s内的平均速度各是多少
21.(10分)汽车沿直线从甲地开往乙地,若在前一半路程的平均速度为v1,在后一半路程的平均速度为v2,则汽车全程的平均速度为多少?若在前一半时间的平均速度为v1,在后一半时间的平均速度为v2,则汽车全程的平均速度为多少?

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