资源简介 开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考语文试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(阅读题)和第Ⅱ卷(表达题)两部分。满分120分,考试时间110分钟。第Ⅰ卷 阅读题一、古代诗文阅读(34分)(一)文言文阅读(19分)阅读下面的文言文,完成1—4题。晋侯、秦伯围郑,以其无礼于晋,且贰于楚也。晋军函陵,秦军氾南。佚之狐言于郑伯曰:“国危矣,若使烛之武见秦君,师必退。”公从之。辞曰:“臣之壮也,犹不如人;今老矣,无能为也已。”公曰:“吾不能早用子,今急而求子,是寡人之过也。然郑亡,子亦有不利焉!”许之。夜缒而出。见秦伯曰:“秦、晋围郑,郑既知亡矣。若亡郑而有益于君,敢以烦执事。越国以鄙远,君知其难也。焉用亡郑以陪邻?邻之厚,君之薄也。若舍郑以为东道主,行李之往来,共其乏困,君亦无所害。且君尝为晋君赐矣;许君焦、瑕,朝济而夕设版焉,君之所知也。夫晋,何厌之有?既东封郑、又欲肆其西封,若不阙秦,将焉取之?阙秦以利晋,唯君图之。”秦伯说,与郑人盟。使杞子、逢孙、杨孙戍之,乃还。子犯请击之。公曰:“不可。微夫人之力不及此。因人之力而敝之,不仁;失其所与,不知;以乱易整,不武。吾其还也。”亦去之。1、对下列加点词的解释,正确的一项是( )(3分)A、晋军函陵,秦军氾南 (军:军队)B、行李之往来,共其乏困 (行李:出门所带的包裹)C、朝济而夕设版焉(版:筑土墙用的夹板)D、秦伯说,与郑人盟 (盟:盟誓)2、下列句子中,加点词的意义和用法不相同的一项是( )(3分)A、① 越国以鄙远 ②焉用亡郑以陪邻B、① 郑既知亡矣 ② 既东封郑,又欲肆其西封C、① 且贰于楚也 ② 且君尝为晋君矣D、① 无能为也已 ② 且君尝为晋君赐矣3、下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是( )(3分)A、佚之狐的话“师必退”,表现了佚之狐对烛之武的了解与信任,使读者未见其人,先知其才,从反面表现了烛之武的才能。B、文中的主要人物是烛之武,作者通过他的语言,不管是牢骚,还是说辞,都表现了他不仅能言善辩,而且深明大义、机智勇敢。C、秦晋围郑的原因有二:一是郑“无礼于晋”,二是郑“贰于楚”。D、本文除去主体说辞部分层层深入、步步紧逼之外,首尾几个自然段的叙事,尽管文字简洁,情节的推进变化却是波澜起伏,扣人心弦。4、翻译上文中划横线的句子(10分)(1)越国以鄙远,君知其难也(3分)译文: 。(2)失其所与,不知;以乱易整,不武(4分)译文: 。(3)既东封郑,又欲肆其西封(3分)译文: 。(二)古代诗歌阅读(11分)阅读下面两首诗歌,完成5—6题。辋川闲居王维一从归白社,不复到青门。时倚檐前树,远看原上村。青菰①临水映,白鸟向山翻。寂莫於陵子②,桔槔方灌园。[注]①青菰:俗称茭白,生于水中,叶如蒲苇。②於陵子:齐国高士陈仲子的号。据《高士传》载:陈仲子认为其做官的史长不义,就带着妻子到了楚国,住在於陵,自号於陵子。楚王听说他很贤德,派人聘请他做宰相,他就又逃到别处替人浇灌园子。5、诗的第三联描绘了什么样的景象,运用了什么艺术手法 (5分)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。6、本诗表达了作者怎样的思想感情 请结合二、四联作简要分析。(6分)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。(三)名篇名句默写(4分)7、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(4分)(1)________________,____________________,谁主沉浮?(2)恰同学少年,风华正茂;________________________,_______________________ 。二、现代文阅读( 22分 )8、阅读下面的作品,完成(1)~(4)题。垫底的人陈大超 终于调到一个局机关,吃上朝思暮想的“财政饭”,徐芳高兴得一天到晚都是笑盈盈的,可是等她醒过神来,她就发现在这个既讲级别也讲资历同时也讲能力的机关里,她原来是个垫底的人,谁都可以指派她,谁都可以指责她,谁都可以对她垮下脸来。人到中年、在原来的单位里大小是个头儿的徐芳,心里的高兴劲立刻就烟消云散了。 好在没过多久,局里又来了一个脑子不好使的人——基本上就是个只能拖拖地夹夹报纸冲冲厕所的傻瓜。虽然傻瓜来头不小,但徐芳仍然可以把他当作垫底的人,只要她受了谁的窝囊气,她立刻就找到傻瓜,或者说“把地再拖一遍!”或者说“把报纸都好好夹起来!”或者说“帮我捶捶背!”傻瓜简直像个一摁按钮就立刻动作起来的机器人,不论你的脸色多难看,不论你对他的指使多么不合情理,他都是一点反应一点想法也没有。 这个名叫闵天飞的傻瓜,考大学时离读清华的分数仅仅只差一分,一阵狂笑就变成了一个痴不痴呆不呆的傻瓜了。徐芳也挺同情他的,但她一旦受了谁的气,仍然要把他当作出气筒,恶言恶语地把他使唤一通,让自己产生某种虚幻的优越感。她甚至觉得在这个机关里,对她真正重要的,不是那些局长科长们,而是这个傻瓜——没有这个傻瓜给她垫底,她真不知道自己会怎么过下去。 这天上班,她居然没见到天飞,楼上楼下各个科室都找遍了,也没见着他的身影。一问,原来是他家里人领着他到上海治病去了。她听了心里猛然一惊,接下来一整天都恍恍惚惚、心神不宁的。她就总是下意识地跟人家讨论:“你说天飞的这种病真的能治好吗﹖ ”“你说天飞的病治好的把握到底有多大﹖”还假惺惺地说:“要是真能治好那就太好了啊!”其实她潜意识中非常害怕他真的给治好了。 一个星期后天飞出现在局里的时候,仍然是那副呆不呆傻不傻的样子。徐芳见了差点笑出声来。她也仍然常常在背后整他、吼他,拿他垫底、出气。后来她竟然发展到敢用鸡毛掸子打他了。也就有一次,她一失手,竟然将鸡毛掸子重重地打在他的后脑勺上。打得他当时猛地一激灵,全身仿佛触了电似的一抽搐。谁也没想到,这一击,竟然使天飞的智力因此而恢复了。 天飞在家里休息了几天,再到局里上班的时候,脸上就再无半点呆气傻气了,局长也不让他再做那些杂事了,而是要他在秘书科“适应适应”。仅仅过了两三个月,天飞就给人一种英气勃勃年轻有为的感觉了。自然,在这个局里,徐芳又成了一个垫底的人了。她是多么后悔啊!后悔自己竟然用鸡毛掸子去打他——这一打,又把自己打入了度日如年的冰窟里。 她常常幻想在天飞独自在办公室里值班的时候,悄悄地出现在他的后面,用一个暗中准备好的小木棒,对着他的后脑勺乒乒乓乓地从各个角度猛敲一气——再把他脑子里的那个开关敲关上……(原载《金山》2003年第2期)(1)下列对小说有关内容的分析和概括,最恰当的两项是(5分)( )A.徐芳能够调到局机关,很是高兴;但后来她发现自己的身份、级别、资历和能力在局里都比不过别人,就高兴不起来了。B.闵天飞是个脑子不好使的傻瓜,痴痴呆呆,只能干些杂活,这使徐芳很高兴,因为局里终于有了个不如自己的垫底人了。C.徐芳虽然很同情闵天飞因为高考时离清华的分数线只差一分而变傻,但她仍然拿闵天飞做出气筒,这说明她心理严重扭曲。D.家人带着闵天飞去上海治病,徐芳心神不宁;闵天飞的病没有治好,徐芳竟然有点幸灾乐祸,说明她没有一点仁爱之心。E.徐芳偶然的一打,竟使闵天飞恢复了智力,因此,徐芳懊悔不已,常常幻想再把他打回傻瓜去,使自己不是垫底的人。(2)小说中的徐芳有着怎样的心理特征?请简要分析。(6分)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。(3)小说中安排闵天飞去上海看病这一情节,对于故事发展有哪些作用?(6 分)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。(4)小说题目命名为“垫底的人”,是出于人物、结构、主旨等多方面的考虑,请选择一个方面,结合全文,陈述你的观点并作分析。(5分) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________。第II卷 表达题三、语言文字运用(14分)9、下列各句中,加点的成语使用不恰当的一项是 ( )(3分)A.母亲大学学的是冶金专业,后来一直从事相关工作。陈宁宁从小耳濡目染,明白了钢铁对一个国家发展的重要意义。B.表演《天鹅湖》的演员们,动作娴熟,舞姿优美,对剧中人物的性格有深刻的理解,表演得出神入化,令人叹为观止。C.“日出江花红胜火,春来江水绿如蓝。”吟咏这脍炙人口的诗句,谁不为春回大地后祖国母亲多姿多彩的面貌而自豪!D.很高兴有这个充满浪漫气息的周末小聚,为了欢迎各位好友的光临,我们略备薄酒,借花献佛,希望各位开怀畅饮!10、下列各句中,没有语病的一句是( )(3分)A. 面对美韩军演剑拔弩张的局面,朝鲜除了在边境布防之外,还一反常态地高调“亮核”,这令各方颇感意外。B.发生在富士康惊悚的连环跳,根据纷繁复杂的网络信息加以推想,大致可归因于超负荷工作、高淘汰率等原因。C.很多有“超前意识”的家长从小对孩子就加大英语学习的投入,少儿英语学校和培训班门庭若市、财源滚滚,中文反遭冷落。D.孩子们对“动漫”的情有独钟推动着“动漫”产业朝着高质量、高速度、高赢利发展,嗅觉灵敏的商家对此更是推波助澜。11、依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句,衔接最恰当的一组是 ( )(3分)一排精美的纱隔、挂落、飞罩将室内分隔成南北两部分。 , , , , , ;中国旧俗,女眷不能在外客前露面,狭窄的北部就是专为女眷而辟。①故布置十分讲究 ②并严格按制陈设 ③南部宽敞明亮 ④家具用材均选名贵楠木及具有天然图案的瘿木 ⑤供桌左右两把太师椅是上座,专为园主和上宾而设 ⑥旧时为宴饮会客之处A.③⑥①④②⑤ B.⑤④②③⑥① C.③①⑤⑥④② D.⑤②④①③⑥12、针对媒体歪曲事实的报道,网友们纷纷质疑。下列网友们的诘问包含着对我国慈善事业的哪些期盼?至少写出三点。(5分)【网上链接】:陈光标在2007年全年共捐出1.81亿人民币,在由《公益时报》公布的“2008中国慈善排行榜”中居首,从而有了“中国首善”的称号。此后他每年对社会捐助都数额巨大。但他的行善方式和宣传方式一贯高调。2011年有媒体刊文《中国“首善”陈光标之谜》,称陈光标高调做慈善是借捐款之名行揽项目之实,引起舆论关注。陈光标在其微博回应,媒体报道歪曲事实。央视逐笔核实陈光标“少捐多报”事件,结论是“绝大部分捐赠属实”。【网友一】陈光标先生去年为社会捐助了大量钱物,谁能否认?何必苛求?【网友二】2010年9月,陈光标先生宣布死后捐出全部财产。这在当下中国,还有哪个企业家能如此?【网友三】因为陈光标撇开慈善机构亲自到贫困地区现场发钱,不开发票不作登记,就不能纳入慈善统计,这合理吗?【网友四】陈光标怎样才能避免遭遇种种质疑呢?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、作文(50分)13、大千世界纷繁复杂,令人眼花缭乱,令人感慨迷惘。尽管世上不尽如人意之处不可胜数,但是我们的生活从来不缺少美,在这个世界上,每天都会产生令人感动的人与事。高尔斯华绥的小说《品格》、杨绛的散文《老王》亦曾向我们展示了“底层人的光芒”。 请你以“总有一种 让人感动”为题,写一篇不少于600字的作文。【注意】1.请先将题目补充完整,如“品行”“细节”“情感”“美好”“善举”“操守”等,再写作。2.可选择写记叙文或议论文,自主立意,不得抄袭与套作。参考答案安逸洒脱、怡然自乐的心情。(2分)尾联以於陵子自况,暗示了自己隐居的原因。(2分)开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考生物试题一 选择题(每题2分)1.牛通过吃草从草中获得化合物和元素。那么,牛和草体内的各种化学元素( )A.种类差异很大,含量大体相同 B.种类和含量差异都很大C.种类和含量都是大体相同的 D.种类大体相同,含量差异很大2.如果把细胞搅碎,细胞将死亡,如果把病毒搅碎,病毒也将失去活性。这说明( )A.细胞和病毒失活是因为破坏了它们的化学成分B.细胞和病毒被搅碎后都失活,可见两者的特点是一致的C.单细胞生物和病毒对环境的适应性很差D.细胞和病毒都有严整的结构3、若以下图代表与生命系统相关概念,其中a、b、c对应叙述正确的是A.生物大分子 细胞 组织 B. 个体 种群 群落C.生态系统 群落 种群 D.组织 系统 器官4、下列实例中属于生物群落的时 ( )A 海洋中的全部鱼 B 一棵枯树和其上的苔藓、真菌、昆虫、蜗牛等C 一片草地上的跳蝻和蝗虫 D 一个池塘中的藻类、鱼类、细菌、蚌、水生昆虫等全部生物5、乳酸菌和酵母菌细胞结构上最明显的区别是 ( )A 有无核物质 B 有无细胞质 C 有无核膜 D 有无细胞膜6.下列生物中属于原核生物的一组是 ( )①蓝藻 ②酵母菌 ③草履虫 ④小球藻 ⑤水绵 ⑥青霉菌 ⑦葡萄球菌 ⑧乳酸菌A.①⑦⑧ B.①②⑥⑧ C.①③④⑦ D.①②⑥⑦⑧7.下列关于SARS病毒的有关叙述中,不正确的是 ( )A.SARS病毒是一种冠状病毒的变异体 B SARS病毒是一个独立的生命系统C SARS病毒的主要宿主细胞是肺部细胞 C SARS病毒的生存、繁殖离不开活细胞8. 病毒、蓝藻、酵母菌都有的物质或结构是( )A.细胞膜 B.细胞壁 C.核糖体 D.核酸9.下列关于HIV、幽门螺杆菌、人体肿瘤细胞的叙述,正确的是 ( )A.都含有DNA B.都具有增殖能力 C.都属于原核生物 D.都含有核糖体10.检验鉴定动物组织中是否含有脂肪,一般可使用下列哪种试剂( )A 碘液 B 斐林试剂 C 双缩脲试剂 D 苏丹III染液11.如图所示,甲图中①②表示目镜,③④表示物镜,⑤⑥表示物镜与载玻片之间的距离,乙和丙分别表示不同物镜下观察到的图像。下面描述正确的是 ( )A.观察物像丙时应选用甲中的①④⑥组合B.图中乙转为丙正确调节顺序:转动转换器---调节光圈---移动标本---转动细准焦螺旋C 若丙是放大10倍的物像,则细胞的面积增大为原来的10倍D 若丙图观察到的细胞是位于乙图右上方的细胞,从图中的乙转为丙时,应向右上方移动玻片12、构成细胞的微量元素是 ( )A P Fe Mn Zn Cu Mo等 B Fe Mn Cu S Mo Zn等C Fe Mn B Zn Mo Cu等 D Fe N P S Mn Cu等13.如图表示细胞中各种化合物或主要元素占细胞鲜重的含量,以下按①②③④顺序排列,正确的是 ( )A.水、蛋白质、糖类、脂质;N、H、O、CB.蛋白质、糖类、脂质、水;O、C、N、HC.水、蛋白质、脂质、糖类;H、O、C、ND.蛋白质、水、脂质、糖类;C、O、H、N14、生长在沙漠中的仙人掌其肉质茎细胞中,含量最多的化合物是 ( )A 蛋白质 B水 C 脂质 D 糖类15.血液中的血红蛋白和肌肉中的肌动蛋白的结构不同的原因是A、所含氨基酸的种类不同 B、所含氨基酸的数目不同C、所含氨基酸的排列顺序不同D、所含氨基酸的种类、数目、排列顺序和肽链的空间结构都不同16、下列结构中,不是氨基酸的是( )17.谷氨酸的R基为—C3H5O2,在一个谷氨酸分子中,含有碳和氧的原子数分别是( )A.4,4 B.5,4 C.4,5 D.5,518.多个氨基酸分子缩合形成含2条肽链的蛋白质时,相对分子量减少了900,由此推知,此蛋白质分子中所含的氨基酸数和肽键数分别是( )A.52,52 B.50,50 C.52,50 D.50,4919、下列物质中,有的属于构成蛋白质的氨基酸,有的不是。若将其中构成蛋白质的氨基酸缩合成蛋白质,则其中含有的氨基、羧基和肽键的数目依次是( )①NH2—CH2—COOH ②NH2—CH2—CH2OH③NH2—CH—CH2—COOH ④NH2—CH—CH2—COOH│ │NH2 COOH⑤NH2—CH—(CH2)4—NH2│COOHA.2,2,2 B.3,3,2 C.4,3,3 D.3,4,320.美国科学家安德鲁·法尔和克雷格·梅洛因发现RNA干扰机制而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。下列关于RNA与DNA的描述错误的是 ( )A.RNA只分布在细胞质中,DNA只分布在细胞核内B.尿嘧啶是RNA特有的碱基,胸腺嘧啶是DNA特有的碱基C.RNA和DNA的基本组成单位是核苷酸D.生物的遗传物质是DNA或者是RNA21.下列有关核酸的叙述中,不正确的是( )A 核酸由C、H、0、N、P等元素组成B 核酸是一切生物的遗传物质C 核酸的基本组成单位是DNA和RNAD 核酸能控制蛋白质合成22、下列四种核苷酸中,不可能在RNA中找到的是 ( )23.下列说法正确的是 ( )①细胞中的碘缺乏,会导致甲状腺激素的合成受阻。②若哺乳动物血液中Ca2+的含量过低,则会发生抽搐 ③Mg2+对于植物光合作用至关重要 ④Fe2+对人体内结合与运输O2不可缺少A.①② B.②③④ C.①③ D.①②③④24.下列关于糖类的生理作用的叙述中,不正确的是A .核糖和脱氧核糖是核酸的组成成分B .葡萄糖是细胞生命活动所需要的主要能源物质C .淀粉是植物细胞中重要的储存能量的物质D .纤维素是动物细胞中重要的储存能量的物质25.把一块生物组织捣碎后进行化学分析,得知含水、蛋白质、DNA和糖原,由此可以判断该组织来自于 ( )A 小麦 B 家兔 C 病毒 D 细菌26.在豌豆植株的叶肉细胞中,细胞质内含有的糖类和核酸主要是A、糖原和核糖核酸 B、糖原和脱氧核糖核酸C、淀粉和核糖核酸 D、淀粉和脱氧核糖核酸27. 烟草、HIV病毒、噬菌体这三种生物中 ( )A含核酸的种类依次为2、2、1 B 含核苷酸的种类依次是8、4、4C 含碱基的种类依次8、4、4 D 含五碳糖的种类依次为2、2、128.现有一被检测样品液,经用双缩脲试剂检验后,样品液产生紫色反应,该样品液有( )A 蛋白质 B 糖类 C 脂肪 D 核酸29.组成DNA的基本成分是( )①核糖 ②脱氧核糖 ③磷酸 ④腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶⑤胸腺嘧啶 ⑥尿嘧啶A.①③④⑤ B.①②④⑥ C.②③④⑤ D.②③④⑥30.由4个氨基酸缩合成的一条肽链,失去水分子数和形成的肽键数分别是( )A 4和4 B 3和3 C 4和3 D 3和4高一第一次月考生物试题班级: 姓名:一 选择题(每题2分)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 2021 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30二 非选择题31.如下图所示的某化合物的结构简图回答下列问题:(每空1分,第4小题2分)(1)该化合物的名称是 ,含有 个肽键,肽键的结构式表示为(2)该化合物中含有 个氨基, 个羧基(3)该化合物由 个氨基酸通过 反应形成,同时失去 分子水。(4)写出构成该化合物的氨基酸的R基分别是 。32.右图为大肠杆菌DNA分子结构的一条脱氧核苷酸长链。请根据图回答下面的问题。(每空2分)(1)图中的①表示 ,②表示 ,①、②、③结合在一起的结构叫_____________________。(2)③有 种(3)DNA 彻底氧化分解后,能产生含氮废物的是 (用序号表示)。(4)此图若为艾滋病病毒的核酸,③有 种。如果该图表示的是人类,则③有 种。 33、填写下列关于三大营养物质的内容(每空2分)(1)在检测生物组织中可溶性糖、脂肪和蛋白质的实验中,检测出含蛋白质最多的是 ( )A 马铃薯匀浆 B 豆浆 C 花生浆 D梨汁(2)检测蛋白质用 试剂,使用时应 ,如果含大量蛋白质则产生 色反应。(3)可溶性还原糖的鉴定所用试剂是 ,它们遇该试剂在 条件下生成 色沉淀。该试剂使用时必须注意 。开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考英语试题第一部分: 英语知识运用 (共两节,45分)第一节:单项填空(共15题,每题1分,共15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Are you sure _______ in a million years A. what man will look like B. what will man look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like2. While ______ the dog, you should take care not to______. Otherwise, it may be dangerous to strangers.A. walking; get loose B. walk; be looseC. walking for; get it loose D. training; get it run3. Tom is very kind and I promise you will get on well _____ him soon.A. to B. for C. with D. and4. Jack was so excited that he ______ for the whole night.A. hold awake B. stay awake C. stay wake D. hold wake5. It is the third time that he ____ the first prize in the competition.A. wins B. won C. has won D. to win6. You’d better ___ your score and see if you have passed the exam.A. add up to B. add to C. add up D. add7. I wonder how he _______ that to the teacher.A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say8. I won’t go to his birthday party without _______.A. inviting B. being invited C. invited D. to be invited9. As he was about to go out to search for Mary, she happened ____.A. coming in B. to come in C. came in D. to have come in10. His backache is only _________ for not watering the flowers.A. a cause B. a reason C. an excuse D. reasons11. Time passed quickly and three months went by _______ we knew it.A. when B. after C. before D. till12. You have no idea what I’ve had to ______ during the last few months.A. come through B. go through C. cut through D. get through13. You can ___ us in the discussion if you want to.A. join B. join in C. attend D. take part in14.My grandfather spends most of his time _______ because he loves nature.A. outdoor B. outdoors C. indoor D. indoors15.She won’t leave _______ her friends come back.A. since B. when C. after D. until第二节 完形填空 (共20题,每题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从短文后所给各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There are many kinds of friends. Some are always 16 you, but don’t understand you. Some say only a few words to you, but understand you. Many people will step in your life, but only 17 friends leave footprints.I shall always recall(回忆)the autumn and the girl with the 18 . She will always bring back the friendship between us. I know she will always be my best friend.It was the golden season. I could see the yellow leaves 19 on the cool 20 . In such a season, I liked walking alone in the leaves, 21 to the sound of them.Autumn is a 22 season and life is uninteresting. The free days always get me 23 . But one day, the sound of a violin 24 into my ears like a stream (小溪) flowing in the mountains. I was so surprised that I jumped to see what it was. A young girl, standing in the wind, was 25 in playing her violin.I had 26 seen her before. The music was so nice that I listened quietly. Lost in the music, I didn’t know that I had been 27 there for so long but my existence (存在) did not seem to disturb her.Leaves were still falling. Every day she played the violin in the corner of the building 28 I went downstairs to watch her performance. I was the only listener. The autumn seemed no longer lonely and life became 29 . 30 we didn’t know each other, I thought we were already good friends. I believe she also loved me.Autumn was nearly over. One day, when I was listening carefully, the sound suddenly 31___ To my astonishment (惊讶), the girl came over to me.“You must like violin.” she said.“Yes. And you play very well. Why did you stop ” I asked.Suddenly, a 32 expression appeared on her face and I could feel something unusual.“I came here to see my grandmother, but now I must leave. I once played very badly. It was your listening every day that 33 me.” she said.“In fact, it was your playing 34 gave me a meaningful autumn,” I answered, “Let’s be friends.”The girl smiled, and so did I.I never heard her play again in my life. I no longer went downstairs to listen like before. Only thick leaves were left behind. But I will always remember the fine figure (身影) of the girl. She is like a 35 —so short, so bright, like a shooting star giving off so much light that it makes the autumn beautiful.16. A. with B. for C. against D. to17. A. good B. true C. new D. old18. A. sound B. song C. play D. violin19. A. shaking B. hanging C. falling D. floating20. A. wind B. snow C. air D. rain21. A. watching B. listening C. seeing D. hearing22. A. lively B. lovely C. harvest D. lonely23. A. up B. off C. down D. over24. A. flowed B. grew C. entered D. ran25. A. lost B. active C. busy D. interested26. A. once B. never C. often D. usually27. A. waiting B. stopping C. standing D. hearing28. A. because B. so C. when D. but29. A. interesting B. moving C. encouraging D. exciting30. A. But B. However C. Even D. Though31. A. stopped B. began C. gone D. changed32. A. happy B. sad C. strange D. surprised33. A. surprised B. excited C. encouraged D. interested34. A. that B. which C. it D. who35. A. song B. dream C. fire D. sister第三部分: 阅读理解(共20题,每题2分,共40分)请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项AApple’s logo is one of the most familiar icons(图标)around the world.But what’s the story about the Apple logo The image of the apple is obvious,because that’s the name of the company.What about the bite The famous story is that the logo shows respect and honour for Alan Turing.He was the father of computer science.He researched artificial intelligence(人工智能)and unlocked German wartime codes(密码).However,after the war,he was put intoprison,because of his beliefs.He could not stand the looking down and chose to bite a poisoned apple to end his life in the prison.However,Rob Janoff,who designed the famous Apple logo,said,“It’s not the truth, butonly a legend.The real reason why I designed it with a bite is very simple.I wanted people to get that it was an apple not a cherry.When I go to markets to buy apples,I always mistake apples for cherries.It really has nothing to do with the scientist.”Are you kidding An apple is much bigger than a cherry. It’s very easy to tell. But if you use an apple to design a logo, some people may mistake it for a cherry.36. Both the apple and the cherry are almost the same actually in________.A·shape B.size C.colour D.weight37. According to the passage,Alan Turing________.A.died in the prisonB.used an apple to design a logoC.was put into prison during the warD.was the father of a computer company38. What’s the purpose of writing the passage about the apple logo A.To introduce its designer.B.To tell us a legend about it.C.To try to find the truth of it.D.TO explain its market research.BOn April 18,the 100-day countdown to the 2012 Olympic Games in London began. For thisyear’s Games’ slogan,the London Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games has chosen thephrase “Inspire a Generation” (激励一代人).It is expected to inspire athletes to do their best,and common people to do better in their daily lives.The Games are also inspiring lots of tourists to come to London.But if you go there,you’d better try your best to follow British manners and customs.Otherwise,you’ll end up in a right mess! Expert William Hanson has given the Associate Press a few tips for tourists on how to act while in the UK.Let’s have a look:Don’t talk about money.According to Hanson,British people hate talking about money and it is considered rude to do so.In particular,never ask anyone about their salary.Afternoon tea.The traditional view of the British sitting down for an afternoon tea is not exact.Few people keep the tradition nowadays.Give tips—but not in an obvious way.The British favor a quiet “thank you” gift for good service rather than the rigid 16-20%tip Americans always give.In fact,many British waiters will not feel anxious and nervous if you decide not to tip at all.Greeting with a kiss.The British are not like their passionate neighbors in France. Many prefer a handshake or a pat on the back to say “hello”.Conversation tip.If you want to be friendly,end a sentence with the word “mate”·39.The underlined word “It” in the first paragraph refers to_______.A.London B.“Inspire a Generation’’C.The 100—day countdown D.The London Organizing Committee40.British people think it rude to_______.A.have tea in the early morningB.ask others about their salaryC.give a 10%tip to a waiterD.shake hands with friends41.The underlined word “passionate’’ in the passage means “_______” in Chinese.A.冷酷的 B.羞涩的 C.有激情的 D.聪明的42.When will the London Olympics be held A.On August 18. B.At the end of July.C.At the beginning of August.D.In the middle of July.CSummer holidays are coming.Here are two posters for members of English Club in theschoolyard:Science and Technology Museum Opening hours Sunday—Wednesday 10:00am—5:30pm Charge:$5 What’s on Ancient Technology—the ground floor Modern Technology— the first floor Space —the second floor The silk road:trade and travel — the second floor Please note The museum is closed for 3 days during the Spring Festival every year.Contact us Information desk:73238299 Email:stm99@1,63.com To all climbers! Place: Castle Peak Indoor Climbing Centre Date: 8: 30 am, July, 15 Do: Sign in when you come to the centre. Climb with a partner. Wear a hard hat at all times. Wear the correct climbing shoes. Don’t: Don’t eat or drink anywhere except in the café. Don’t listen to personal music players while climbing. Don’t light fires. Good practice: Use a locker to store your things. Wear loose, comfortable clothing. Wearing jewellery can cause accidents. Talking on a mobile phone while climbing can be dangerous.43. The exhibition of the Silk Road________.A.downstairs B.on the ground floor C.on the first floor D.on the second floor44. If you want to visit the Museum on weekend, which of the following is the best time A.10:00 am,Saturday. B.2:30 pm,Saturday.C.2:00 pm, Sunday. D.8:30 am,Sunday.45.While climbing,you’d better________.A.talk on a mobile phone B.stay alone all the timeC.1isten to personal music players D.wear the correct climbing shoes46.It is considered good practice to________.A.keep your things in a locker B.wear jewelleryC.eat something when you feel weak D.wear a soft hat at all timesDHuckleberry Finn,the great character from the Mark Twain book,did not like school.Hepreferred floating down the Mississippi River on a raft and looking for adventure.That’s whygenerations of schoolboys have loved reading Huckleberry Finn:they feel the same way aboutschool as he did.For many boys,being forced to sit all day in a school room is like being punished for a crime they did not commit.There are endless hours of boredom spent learning things they have no interest in.That’s why many boys do poorly in school and many give up on education altogether.Ironically(具有讽刺意味的是),the whole idea for schools was invented for boys.If a boy wanted to grow up to be a useful man,he had to be educated.By and by,people realized that educating girls was a good idea,too.And,ironically again,it was discovered that the schoolsystem suits girls just fine;so fine that girls now do much better than boys in school.No one really knows why that is.Some say that girls mature(发育成熟)quicker than boys and adapt better to school life.Some also say that the school system and the curriculum(课程) have changed to encourage girls but the needs of boys have been overlooked.Educators are now trying to find ways to get boys to be more successful in school.There aresuggestions to separate the sexes and teach boys separately.There are also suggestions to changethe curriculum to make it more interesting for boys.Whatever the changes are,boys still will be boys,and dreams of floating down the Mississippi River will always be an attractive choice to just sitting in a classroom.47. Huckleberry Finn is________.A. a boy of Mark Twain’s B. a character in a bookC.an American writer D.a river’s name48.Many boys do poorly in school because________.A. they give up on educationB.they’re punished for a crime they did not commitC.they have no interest in the things they’re learningD.they prefer floating down the Mississippi River on a raft49.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means that________.A. more boys are needed B. boys need to be cared about a lotC.the needs of boys have been very importantD. People have paid little attention to the needs of boys.50.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage A. Girls now do much better than boys in school.B.The school system has changed to encourage girls.C.Girls mature quicker than boys and adapt better to school life.D. The curriculum has changed to be more interesting for boys.ERecently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he asked his students to do is to keep record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value in life.Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some millionaires in researching his book.Question: What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich, because you are a self-made man Answer: The most surprising thing is how people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I do not know much. All I am is rich.People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for How much do I need for any given purposes in my life In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.51. According to the first paragraph, people have not realized ____.A. how important money is in their day-to-day lifeB. how one spends money shows what is important to himC. that money is more important than their philosophy of lifeD. that their understanding of life is more important than money52. The author seems to believe that asking your friend to lend you some money ____.A. is a good way to test your friendshipB. will do harm to your friendshipC. will strengthen your friendshipD. is a good way to break off your friendship53. What can we learn about the millionaire from his answer in the interview A. He does not feel that he is well educated.B. He does not think that he is a very important person.C. He doesn’t think that being rich is worth so much attention.D. He doesn’t consider himself to be very successful.54. What does the American professor of philosophy want to explain in his book A. Money is an end. B. Money is a means.C. Money is everything. D. Money is unimportant.55. Which of the following might the author disagree A. Money is important in modern society.B. The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.C. Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.D. Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.第四部分:写作(共两小节,35分)第一节 任务型阅读(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中空格里填入最恰当的单词。(每空一词,注意单词形式变化)There are mainly two kinds of schools in America, public school and private school. The public schools are supported by the state funds and the private schools are privately supported. While in China, almost schools are supported by the country.The American educational system is considered one of the worst in the world with very badly paid teachers. The man collecting garbage in the streets earns more money than American teachers. There are very overcrowded classrooms and some schools do not have enough money to look after their students properly. While most schools of China seem to be very rich and the teachers are highly respected and well paid.One of famous American teaching belief is “No Child Left Behind”. The American think that the students should be taught by their own abilities, and in doing so, no student must be left behind. There is no doubt that American education is a pure mass education. However, to some degree, Chinese education is still an Elite (精英)education.“Creativity First” is a philosophy that American schools excitated激发) students. American education emphasizes the importance of creative thinking, while Chinese education emphasizes the comprehension of knowledge.In American classroom the student is the most important person not the teacher, while in Chinese classroom the teacher is the key figure. The American students like to express their own ideas in the class, while the Chinese students like to think in the class. Because of the large population, the competition in Chinese school is fiercer(激烈的). The American students look like lazier than the Chinese students because they do not have to compete to enter universities.In my opinion, although there are many differences between American education and Chinese education, it is very difficult to tell which educational system is more effective than the other.Main comparisons ContextThe differences in educational environment In America, schools can be private or 3 by the state funds.In China the state operates schools.Teachers in the US are badly 4 .Chinese teachers gain high 5 and pay.The differences in teaching 1 Students share fair education in America; its education is in fact a pure 6 one.In China education is just in favor of intelligent students.American Students are encouraged to think 7 .In China teachers tell the students to understand knowledge.The differences between Chinese and American 2 Students are the 8 of a classroom in the US while in China teachers are the most important.American students like 9 in class; Chinese students usually think instead.Chinese students have to be 10 about entering universities while Americans don’t need to.Conclusion : ●These two educational systems differ but both are effective第二节:书面表达(满分25分)随着电脑的普及,越来越多的人使用电脑打字,而不再靠手写,目前中学生书写水平急剧下降,请根据下面的提示用英语写一篇短文,谈一下现在中学生进行书法比赛是否有必要。词数100左右。参考词汇:type打字 handwriting contest书写比赛没有必要 1.电脑时代,使用手写很少;2.在电脑上打字比手写快;3.电脑打印出的字比手写正规、漂亮。很有必要 1.提高中学生的汉字书写技巧;2.培养学生对书法的兴趣;3.对汉语言文字的热爱。你的观点 ……参考答案;1-5 AACBC 6-10CDBBB 11-15 CBABD 16-20ABDDA 21-25 BCCAA 26-30 BCCAD 31-35 ABCAB36-38:AAC 39-42:BBCB 43-46: DCDA 47-50:BCDD51-55BACBC任务型阅读1.beliefs/ideas/ways/methods 2.students/classrooms 3.supported 4.paid 5.respect6.mass/public 7.creatively 8.center/focus 9.expressing 10.crazy开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考物理试题一、单项选择题:(共12题,每小题4分,共48分)1、下列物理量中属于矢量的是( )A 时间 B 路程 C 速率 D. 位移2、一质点沿半径为R的圆周运动,它在运动过程中位移的最大值是( )A 2R B 2R C R D 03、下列关于质点的说法中正确的是( )A 只有体积足够小的物体才能被看作质点B 质量很小的物体就可以被看作质点C 在地球上跟踪观察在太空中飞行的宇宙飞船,可把宇宙飞船看作是质点D 欣赏魔术表演时,可把魔术师看作质点4、“小小竹排江中游,巍巍青山两岸走”在这两句歌词中,作者在前一句和后一句中所选取的参考系分别是( )A 竹排 流水 B 流水 青山 C 青山 河岸 D 河岸 竹排5、一名运动员进行百米训练,跑完全程的时间为11 s,前30 m用时4 s,后70 m的平均速度大小为( )A.7.5 B.9.1 C.10 D.17.56、加速度是速度的变化量与发生这一变化所用时间的比值,即,由此可知( )A.a的方向与的方向相同 B.a的方向与的方向相反C.a与成正比 D.a与成反比7、从高出地面3m处竖直向上抛出一个小球,它上升5m后回落,最后到达地面,小球运动全过程的位移大小为( )A.3m B.5m C.8m D.13m8、下列图像中,表示物体做加速度恒定的变速运动的是( )9、做加速直线运动的物体,若加速度恒为5m/s2,则( )A 某秒的末速度一定等于这秒初速度的5倍B 某秒的初速度一定比前一秒的末速度大5m/sC 某秒的末速度一定比这秒的初速度大5m/sD 某秒的末速度一定比前一秒的初速度大5m/s10、试判断下列几个速度中哪个是平均速度?( )A 子弹出枪口的速度800m/sB 小球第3s末的速度6m/sC 汽车从甲站行驶到乙站的速度40km/hD 汽车通过站牌时的速度72km/h11、匀变速直线运动是A.位移随时间均匀增加的直线运动B.加速度大小和方向始终不变的直线运动C.速度与时间成正比的直线运动D.速度随时间均匀变化的运动12、如图所示是质点做直线运动的速度—时间图象。由图可知,这个物体的运动情况不正确的是A.前5s做的是匀速运动B.5—15s内做的匀加速运动,加速度为1m/s2C.15—20s内做匀减速运动,加速度为-4m/s2D.质点15s时离出发点最远,20s时又回到出发点选择题答题卡1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12二、实验题:(16分)13、 某同学在“探究小车速度随时间变化的规律”的实验中,用打点计时器记录了被小车拖动的纸带的运动情况,在纸带上确定出A、B、C、D、E、F、G共7个计数点。其相邻点间的距离如图所示,每两个相邻的计数点之间还有4个打印点未画出。(1)试根据纸带上各个计数点间的距离,计算出打下B、C、D、E、F五个点时小车的瞬时速度,并将各个速度值填入下表要求保留3位有效数字。(2)将B、C、D、E、F各个时刻的瞬时速度标在直角坐标系中,并画出小车的瞬时速度随时间变化的关系图线。(3)由所画速度—时间图像求出小车加速度为 ----------------- m/s2三、计算题(本大题有3小题.每题12分,共36分。)14、一人先向北走了40m,耗时10s,随即又向东行走了30m,耗时又是10s。试求:(1)此人在前10s内的位移和路程(2)在整个20s内的位移和路程(3)此人在整个20s内的平均速度15、计算物体在下列时间段内的加速度。(取初速度方向为正方向)(1)以40m/s做匀速直线运动的汽车,遇紧急情况刹车,经8s停下。(2)一小球从斜面上由静止下滑,3s末滑至底端,速度为6m/s。16.一辆卡车以a=2m/s2的加速度从静止开始启动,10秒后匀速行驶。到达终点以1m/s2加速度制动。求:(1)卡车匀速行驶的速度v(2)卡车制动过程所用时间开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考数学试题一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项符合题目要求)1.下列结论中正确的有 ( )①自然数集记作N; ②;③中国{x|x是联合国常任理事国}A.0个 B.1个 C.2个 D.3个2.已知,则①∩B = A, ②∪B = B,③∩B =(2,3)∪(7,10)以上结论正确的有 ( )A.0个 B.1个 C.2个 D.3个3.函数f(x)=的定义域是 ( )A.[0,+ B.[0,1) C.[1,+ D.[0,1)4.下列A到B对应中,映射与函数的个数分别有 ( )①A={x|x是三角形} ,B={x|x是圆},对应关系f:每一个三角形对应它的外接圆;②A={x|x是三角形},B是实数集合,对应关系f:三角形→三角形的面积;③ A = R,B = R,对应关系f:x→x的立方根; ④A = R, B = R,对应关系f:x→x的平方根.A.3个,1个 B.4个,2个 C.3个,2个 D.1个,1个5.以下结论正确的一项是 ( )A.若0,则y=kx+b是R上减函数 B.,则y=是(0,+) 上减函数C.若,则y=ax是R上增函数 D.,y=x +是(0,+) 上增函数6.函数在[2,3]上最小值是 ( )A.1 B.2 C.3 D.57.某人驾车从乡村进城,各时间段的行驶速度如右图,则其行驶路程S与时间t的函数关系式是( )A.B.C. D.8.下列结论中错误的一项是 ( )A.若为奇数,则是奇函数B.若为偶数,则是偶函数C.若都是R上奇函数,则是R上奇函数D.若则是奇函数.9.某城市房价(均价)经过6年时间从1200元/m2增加到了4800元/m2,则这6年间平均每年的增长率是 ( )A.-1 B.+1 C.50% D.600元10.已知0,且1, f(x)=x当x时恒有f(x),则实数的取值范围是 ( )A. (0,) B. []C. [,1) D. (0, ]开城中学2012级高一第一次月考数学答卷班级: 姓名:一、选择题(请将选择题答案填入下列表格中,本大题50分)题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分,把答案填在题中的横线上)11.已知指数函数是R上的增函数,则a的范围是12.函数 的值域是13.已知a>0,化简的结果是 .14.满足不等式中x的集合是 .15.已知物体作直线运动,其速度v与时间t的图象如图,则有①物体先加速运动,后匀速运动,再减速运动;②当t = 0时,物体的初速度为0;③物体加速度分别是3,0,– 1.5;④当t∈(3,5)时,行驶路程是t的增函数.以上正确的结论的序号是 .(要求写出所有正确的序号)三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)16.(本小题满分12分)化简或计算:()- -17.(本小题满分12分)某报刊亭每天从报社进报纸200份,价格是0.5元/份;以1元/份价格卖出,当日卖不完的以0.05元/份回收给废旧站.,假设一天卖出的报纸为 x份.(1)求当日利润y的关于x的函数表达式,并写出定义域;(2)求该函数的最大值与最小值.18.(本小题满分12分)已知函数图象过点且(1)求解析式,并指出定义域和值域;(2)在同一坐标系中用描点法画出、图象.19.(本小题满分13分)(1)把,,,(由小到大排列;(2)已知方程= 0的两个不相等实根、集合,A∩C = A,A∩B =φ,求p、q的值.20.(本小题满分13分)已知f(x) = x +图象过点( 2,4 ),(1)求f(x)解析式与定义域;(2)判断f(x)奇偶性;(3)已知n ≥4,在[a,]有最小值为n,求正数a范围.21.(本小题满分13分)甲乙两人连续6年对某县农村鳗鱼养殖业的规模(总产量)进行调查,提供了两个方面的信息,分别得到甲、乙两图:甲调查表明:每个鱼池平均产量从第1年1万只鳗鱼上升到第6年2万只。乙调查表明:全县鱼池总个数由第1年30个减少到第6年10个。请你根据提供的信息说明:(1)第2年全县鱼池的个数及全县出产的鳗鱼总数;(2)到第6年这个县的鳗鱼养殖业的规模(即总产量)比第1年扩大了还是缩小了?说明理由;(3)哪一年的规模(即总产量)最大 说明理由.参考答案:一、()题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案 D D B A B B A C A C二、()11.a>112. y∈{-1,0,1,2}13.a14.15.①②③④三、解答题18.①y=2定义域是R与值域是(0,+∞)②略,要求图象关于Y轴对称,体现增减性,过定点即可19 1) (<<<2)解∵A∩C = A,A∩B = ,∴,故1 + 3 = – 9,p = – 4,1·3 = q q = 3.20.解:(1)代入(2,4),得m = 4, 故y = x +.(2)∵x≠0,f(x)+ f(– x)=0,∴f(x)奇函数(3)增区间是,减区间是(-2,0),(0,2)4)利用数形结合画出图像即可当n=4,a当4当n, a=v3t1 2 3 5O开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考化学试题一、选择题(共42分)1.1998年诺贝尔化学奖授予科恩(美)和波普尔(英),以表彰他们在理论化学领域作出的重大贡献。他们的工作使实验和理论能够共同协力探讨分子体系的性质,引起整个化学领域正在经历一场革命性的变化。下列说法正确的是( )A . 化学不做实验,就什么都不知道 B. 化学不再需要实验C. 化学不再是纯实验科学 D . 未来化学的方向是经验化2.下列实验基本操作(或实验注意事项)中,主要是处于实验安全考虑的是 ( )A.实验剩余的药品不能放回原试剂瓶 B.可燃性气体的验纯C.气体实验装置在实验前进行气密性检查 D.滴管不能交叉使用3.下列实验操作中错误的是( )A.用规格为10mL的量筒量取6mL的液体B.用药匙或者纸槽把粉末状药品送入试管的底部C.过滤时玻璃棒的末端应轻轻靠在三层的滤纸上D.如果没有试管夹,可以临时手持试管给固体或液体加热5.有关化学实验的下列操作中,一般情况下不能相互接触的是( )A.过滤操作中,玻璃棒与三层滤纸B.过滤操作中,漏斗径与烧杯内壁C.分液操作中,分液漏斗径与烧杯内壁D. 用胶头滴管向试管滴液体时,滴管尖端与试管内壁6.能够用来鉴别BaCl2 、 NaCl 、 Na2CO3三种物质的试剂是( )A.AgNO3溶液 B.稀硫酸 C.稀盐酸 D.稀硝酸7.下列实验操作中有错误的是A.分液时,分液漏斗下层液体从下口放出,上层液体从上口倒出B.实验室制取蒸馏水的装置中,温度计水银球应与蒸馏烧瓶的支管口在同一水平线C.用淘洗的方法从沙里淘金D.用蒸发方法使NaCl从溶液中析出时,应边加热边搅拌直至溶液蒸干8.在标况下,下列气体含有的分子数最多的是 ( )A.17g NH3 B.67.2L Cl2 C.4g H2 D.0.5mol SO29.有一种气体的质量是14.2g,体积是4.48升(标况下),该气体的摩尔质量是( )A.28.4 B.28.4g·mol-1 C.71 D.71g·mol-110.实验室中需要配制2mol/L的NaCl溶液950mL,配制时应选用的容量瓶的规格和称取的NaCl质量分别( )A.950mL,111.2g B.500mL,117g C.1000mL,117g D.任意规格,111.2g11.设NA为阿伏加德罗常数,下列说法正确的是( )A.2.4g金属镁所含电子数目为0.2NA B.16g CH4所含原子数目为NAC.17gNH3所含中子数目为10 NA D.18g水所含分子数目为NA12.现有三组溶液:①汽油和氯化钠溶液 ②39%的乙醇溶液 ⑧碘和水,分离以上各混合液的正确方法依次是( )A . 分液、萃取、蒸馏 B. 萃取、蒸馏、分液C . 分液、蒸馏、萃取 D. 蒸馏、萃取、分液13.在19世纪,化学家对氧化锆的化学式有争议。经测定,锆的相对原子质量为91,其氯化物的相对分子质量是230。试判断氯化锆的化学式为( )A.ZrCl4 B.ZrCl C.ZrCl3 D.ZrCl214.下列说法正确的是( )A.22.4LN2含阿伏加德罗常数个氮分子B.在标准状况下,22.4L水的质量约为18gC.22g二氧化碳与标准状况下11.2LHCl含有相同的分子数D.在同温同压下,相同体积的任何气体单质所含的原子数相同二、填空题(共48分)15.现有64g某气体,它由双原子分子构成,它的摩尔质量为32g·mol-1。若阿伏加德罗常数用NA表示,则:(1)该气体的物质的量为________mol。(2)该气体所含原子总数为_______ _个。(3)该气体在标准状况下的体积为____________L。(4)该气体溶于1L水中(不考虑反应),其溶液中溶质的质量分数为___。(5)该气体溶于水后形成VL溶液,其溶液的物质的量浓度为_____mol/L。16.实验室中固体药品应放在 瓶中,取用时块状固体用 取,粉末状固体用 取。液体药品应放在 瓶中,对于见光容易分解的溶液应放在 色的瓶中。17.用量筒量取一定体积的液体时,若采用俯视的方法量取20ml液体,则实际量取的液体的体积比20ml ,若量筒中实际有20ml液体,而你读数时采用了俯视的方法,则读得的数据比20ml 。18.就有关物质的分离回答下面的问题(1)分离沸点不同但又互溶的液体混合物,常用什么方法?试举例说明。答: 。(2)在分液漏斗中用一种有机溶剂提取水溶液里的某物质时,静置分层后,如果不知道哪一层液体是“水层”,试设计一种简便的判断方法。答: 。19.实验室用氯化钠固体配制1.00mol/L的NaCl溶液0.5L,回答下列问题(1)请写出该实验的实验步骤① ,② ,③ ,④ ,⑤ 。(2)所需仪器为:容量瓶 (规格: )、托盘天平、还需要那些实验仪器才能完成该实验,请写出: 。(3)试分析下列操作对所配溶液的浓度有何影响及造成该影响的原因。①为加速固体溶解,可稍微加热并不断搅拌。在未降至室温时,立即将溶液转移至溶量瓶定容。对所配溶液浓度的影响: ,原因是: 。②定容后,加盖倒转摇匀后,发现液面低于刻度线,又滴加蒸馏水至刻度。对所配溶液浓度的影响 ,原因是: 。三、计算题(10分)20.将密度为1.84g/cm3、质量分数为98%的浓硫酸稀释成1000ml、物质的量浓度为2mol/L的稀硫酸。求:⑴浓硫酸的物质的量浓度⑵需要浓硫酸的体积 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考化学试题(无答案).doc 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考数学试题.doc 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考物理试题(无答案).doc 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考生物试题(无答案).doc 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考英语试题.doc 安徽省无为县开城中学2012-2013学年高一第一次月考语文试题.doc