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LESSON 55 如何讲述探险历程：寻宝
Part 1. 词汇脱口秀
Mine n. 矿 v. 采矿
1）矿
我们常常听到的矿： 煤矿 coal mine
铜矿：copper mine 银矿：silver mine 金矿：gold mine
Gold has been mined for thousands of years. 【注意：mine v. 开采】
How much gold is there in th e world
It is estimated that over 190,000 tonnes of gold has been mined throughout history.
According to Warren Buffett, one of the world's best investors, the total amount of gold in the world
---the gold above ground, could fit into a cube with sides of only about 20m (67ft).
猜猜 landmine 是什么？
A landmine is a bomb buried in the ground that explodes when someone walks or drives over it. The internet is a mine of information.
The website is a mine of information about all kinds of books.
data mining 是什么？
Data mining can be used to analyze customers' shopping habits.
Data mining has become very important in the information age.
treasure
注：作为宝藏的统称，为不可数名词。
buried treasure [= treasure that has been buried] sunken treasure 【= treasure that is sunken】
hidden treasure 【treasure that has been hidden】或 lost treasure
什么是：treasure-hunting , Treasure hunters ？
Treasure hunters are those who hunt for lost treasure.
体会一下：为啥用的动词是 hunt，而不是 look for/search？
珍宝，珍品 (尤指艺术品和有历史价值的物品) 【可数】注：作为珍宝解释，为可数，因为指具体的珍贵物品。
The Louvre museum is full of art treasures.
a national treasure
造句：
In China, giant Pandas are viewed as national treasures.
v. 珍藏；珍惜，珍视 （字面意思：把一个东西当做珍宝）
If you treasure something that you have, you keep it or care for it carefully because it is very special, important, or valuable to you.
I treasure the friendship between us.
I treasure my memories of college life.
revealer n. 探测器
reveal v.
Reveal = make sth known 揭露，透露
为啥，reveal 有这个意思呢？
原来： re-这个前缀除了“again”还可以表示“opposite”(反向动作),
而 -veal 相当于 “veil”（盖在头上的）面纱.
场景造句：
The local newspaper revealed a secret to the public.
But some people argued that the newspaper didn’t reveal the truth.
A survey has revealed that a growing number of people are addicted to the internet.
《新概念 2》第 55 课中的 revealer 为啥表示探测器？
invent v. 发明
To invent is to make, design, or think of a new type of thing. Simply put(简而言之), to invent is to create something new.
Thomas Edison invented the long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Thomas Edison has been considered to be America's greatest inventor.
Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. Steve Jobs：Today Apple is going to reinvent the phone.
Four Great Inventions
The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China include: Compass, Gunpowder, Papermaking and Printing
The new great inventions in China include: high-speed railway, online shopping, mobile payment and sharing bikes.
Actually none of these “four new inventions” was invented in our country, but China has achieved the leading position in these four areas.
invent，注意使用的时候“引申义”
He just invented the story. = He just made up the story.
When you invent a story or excuse, you try to make others believe it is true but actually it is not.
pirate
海盗
《Pirates of the Caribbean》：pirate ship
那么为啥 pirate 表示海盗？
Pirate 这个词来自于拉丁语： pirata，意思是“sea robber”
Pirates refer to sailors who attack other ships and steal property from them. Piracy has existed since people started to sail across the oceans for commerce.
听：the Vikings 是指谁？
斯堪的纳维亚半岛 Scandinavia
The Vikings were Scandinavian people who sailed in ships to attack areas along the coasts of northern and western Europe from the 8th to the 11th centuries.
This period has become known as the Viking Age.
盗版的：
pirate books /software 或：pirated books/software
Piracy n. 盗版
Piracy discourages innovation.
arm
Arms 除了手臂，还表示什么意思？
The police searched the house for illegal arms.
army 为啥表示军队？
arm v. 表示“武装”
用法： be armed with .... 用....武装，装备
The police are armed with guns.
armed police armed robber armed robbery
The car is armed with the latest technologies.
精彩表达：be armed to the teeth
The soldiers were armed to the teeth.
With her elaborate gown and makeup, Mary was armed to the teeth for her first show.
worth adj.
1) Worth adj. 值 得 ... 用法 1： .... 值多少钱
sth. is worth + 钱的数量
The famous painting is worth about one million dollars. But its copy is worth only ten dollars.
用法 2：... 值得做
sth. is worth doing
sth. is worth + n.
The book is worth reading. The film is worth seeing.
The course is worth taking.
The Great Wall is worth visiting. The Great Wall is worth a visit/trip.
The plan is worth trying.
= The plan is worth a try.
口语： It is worth it ! 做某件事很值得
= It is worth doing.
Though learning English takes time, it is worth it .
You have to stay in school. You have to. You have to go to college. You have to get your degree. Because the one thing people can't take away from you is your education. And it is worth the investment.
---Michelle Obama
2）作为名词 Worth = value
用法： sth. is of great worth/value ....价值不菲The diamond is of great worth / value
worthless = valueless
But if the diamond is fake, it is worthless.
Worth 还可以用来描述“有具体数量的价值”
重要用法： 如何表达“价值 X 美金的 Y”（X 为数量，Y 是某个东西）
X dollars worth of Y 【或：X dollars’ worth of Y】I just bought 500 dollars worth of books.
The wildfire caused millions of dollars worth of damage.
LESSON 55 如何讲述探险历程：寻宝
Part 2. 句型精讲
如何表示过去习惯？
《新概念 2 》55 课课文回放： “The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where--it is said--pirates used to hide gold. The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.”
语言点 1： 如何表示过去的习惯 used to VS would
《新概念 2》31 课中，我们曾强调：
* used to 的思维：
If something used to happen, it happened regularly or all the time in the past, but does not happen now.
My dad used to run the marathon. 【But my dad doesn’t run the marathon now.】He used to be an excellent marathon runner. 【也就是说 But he is not now.】
* would 的思维：“would” can be used to indicate past habits
When I was a kid, my mother would get up at 6 o’clock in the morning and make breakfast for us.
After breakfast, she would send me to school and then go to a farmer’s market. On weekends, my parents would take me for a walk along the riverside.
And my dad would tell me a lot of interesting stories about his college life.
I told my dad that I would study hard and go to the best college in the world.
这句的 “would study”表达了什么含义？
如何判断：would 是表示“过去将来”还是“过去常常做的事”？
关键看有没有线索表示出：would 是“在过去，看将来”这样一个行为。
思维上对比： 【听记 1】
相同： would 和 used to 都可以表示：
不同： used to 还可以表示 如果语气上特别强调：“过去不等于现在”用
比如： I used to be overweight.
不能说：I would be overweight.
Shenzhen used to be a small fishing village.
不能说：Shenzhen would be a small fishing village
Now it is a huge, bustling metropolis.
【bustling adj.繁忙，热闹 为啥 metropolis 表示“大都市”？】
语言点 2： 复习 where 引导的定语从句：
核心思维：
where 修饰的先行词是一个“地点”，where 在定语从句中做“地点状语”
理解技巧：
对于where 引导的比较复杂的定语从句：
读到where 心里默念 【听记2】
The machine was used in a cave near the seashore where--it is said--pirates used to hide gold.
这句如何理解最好？
The store where the new phone was being sold had a huge line of people outside it.
复杂定语从句理解的重要技巧： 【听记 3】
Where 引导定语从句的造句技巧： 比如：
A huge line of people were waiting outside the Apple store where the new iPhone was being sold.
【where = at the Apple store】
强化：让句子“拥有好身材”的瘦身利器：分词状语
《新概念 2》55 课课文分词状语经典句子回放： 第一句：
“Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure.”
给大家一个任务： 如果不能用分词结构，这句话我们会如何表达？
“Armed with the new machine, a search party went into the cave hoping to find buried treasure.”
还原：= While a search party was armed with the new machine, it went into the cave and the search party hoped to find buried treasure.
小结：使用分词状语，有什么好处？【听记 4】
1)
2)
第二句：“Very excited, the party dug a hole two feet deep.” 解析：
还原：= As the party was excited, the party dug a hole which was too feet deep
记住：Simplicity is the essence of beauty。模仿造句练习：
Armed with the latest technologies, the self-driving car was travelling slowly down the road, catching the eye of passersby .
= While the self-driving car was armed with the latest technologies , it was traveling slowly down the road and caught the eye of passersby.
Very surprised, people looked at the super-cool car, shouting and cheering.
= As people were very surprised, they looked at super-cool car, and at the same time they were shouting and cheering.
【听记答案】
过去的习惯性动作；过去的状态；used to
在这里、在那里
断句
有美感；有效率
LESSON 55 如何讲述探险历程：寻宝
Part 3. 故事转述
中英文逐句转述
嗨，女士们先生们，你们喜欢寻宝么？
Hey, Ladies and gentlemen, do you like treasure-hunting
如果是的话，你应该认真听下面的内容。
If you do, you should listen very carefully to this :
有一些专业的探宝人发明了一种神奇的机器, 叫做“探宝神器”。这个机器可以准确地探测埋在地下的黄金。
A group of professional treasure-hunters have invented a magic machine called “The Revealer”, which can accurately detect gold buried in the ground.
他们非常确信，这个机器将会使寻宝变得更简单更高效。
They are confident that this machine will make treasure-hunting much easier and more efficient.
【 be confident that... = be sure that
If you are confident that something is true, you are sure that it is true.】
最近，一个寻宝队在一个海边的山洞里使用了这个机器，据说，海盗曾在这个地方藏金子但是后来没有去取走。
Recently a search party used it in a cave near the seashore, where it is said pirates used to hide gold and but (they) often failed to collect it.
配备了最先进的技术，“探宝神器”开始在地面上工作了，它努力确定埋藏宝藏的位置。Armed with the latest technologies, the Revealer started to work on the ground, trying to locate the position of buried treasure.
突然，机器发出了“哔”的声音，这表示地下有金子。
Suddenly, there was a loud beep coming from the machine, which indicated that there was gold under the ground.
这个发现让寻宝队极其兴奋，他们很快挖了一个大概 1 米深的洞。
Extremely excited by the discovery, the search party quickly dug a hole around one metre deep.
他们发现了什么呢？
What did they find
令他们很失望的是，他们只找到了一个几乎没有价值的小金币。
Much to their disappointment, they found nothing but a small gold coin which was almost valueless.
【nothing but = only】
当然，他们不会轻易放弃。
Of course, they wouldn’t easily give up.
在彻底搜寻了整个山洞之后，他们的确发现了一个更大的东西。
After searching the whole cave thoroughly, they did find something bigger.
【thoroughly = completely】
是什么呢？
What was that
只不过是一个空的铁皮箱。
It was just an empty tin trunk.
【trunk n.大旅行箱 tin 是金属锡，镀锡铁 tinplate，俗称“马口铁” 】
尽管如此，这些寻宝人很乐观相信，探宝器能够很快找到一些有价值的东西。
Despite this, these treasure hunters are still optimistic that the Revealer can reveal something of enormous value fairly soon.
【despite = in spite of enormous adj. 巨大的，极大的
optimistic adj.乐观的；enormous adj.表示程度大
fairly adj. 相当地（比 very 程度轻）= to some extent but not very 】
可能，寻宝的快乐更在于寻找的过程本身，而不仅是宝藏的发现。
Perhaps the pleasure of treasure hunting lies more in the process of hunting itself than in the discovery of treasure.
全英文转述
Hey, Ladies and gentlemen, do you like treasure-hunting
If you do, you should listen very carefully to this: A group of professional treasure-hunters have invented a magic machine called “The Revealer”, which can accurately detect gold buried in the ground. They are confident that this machine will make treasure-hunting much easier and more efficient.
Recently a search party used it in a cave near the seashore, where it is said pirates used to hide gold and but (they) often failed to collect it. Armed with the latest technologies, the Revealer started to work on the ground, trying to locate the position of buried treasure.
Suddenly, there was a loud beep coming from the machine, which indicated that there was gold under
the ground.Extremely excited by the discovery, the search party quickly dug a hole around one metre deep.
What did they find
Much to their disappointment, they found nothing but a small gold coin which was almost valueless. Of course, they wouldn’t easily give up. After searching the whole cave thoroughly, they did find something bigger.
What was that
It was just an empty tin trunk. Despite this, these treasure hunters are still optimistic that the Revealer can reveal something of enormous value fairly soon. Perhaps the pleasure of treasure hunting lies more in the process of hunting itself than in the discovery of treasure.
文化点评 海盗真的喜欢藏宝么？-- Treasure Island 的故事
A buried treasure is an important part of the popular beliefs surrounding pirates.
According to popular conception, pirates often buried their stolen fortunes in remote places, intending to return for them later, often with the use of treasure maps.
In reality, pirates rarely buried treasure.
Why do people have such a perception of pirates
To a large degree, such a perception is influenced by a famous novel Treasure Island.
Treasure Island is an adventure novel written by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson in 1881,
narrating(讲述) a tale of "pirates and buried gold".
In the story, an English teenager Jim Hawkins gets a treasure map from an old seaman who resides( 居住) at Jim's parents' inn.
【注意听：在描述小说情节的时候，为啥可以用一般现在时？】
It turns out that the map is of the island where a deceased（去世的） pirate, Captain Flint buried his treasure.
A local wealthy landowner John Trelawney proposes buying a ship and going after the treasure, taking the local physician Livesey as ship's doctor and Jim as cabin boy.
However, on the voyage, they meet 19 evil pirates who are also hunting for the treasure.
They fight against those pirates and defeat them.
In the end , they find the treasure on the island and sail home.
书中的 island 在真实世界中，叫 Cocos Island It is now a national park of Costa Rica.
It has become a mysterious island because of pirates and their buried treasure

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