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05-2022年上海市高三英语一模真题专项训练之阅读理解
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
2021虹口一模
(A)
All Miss Price had been told about the new boy was that he’d spent most of his life in some kind of orphanage, and that the gray-haired “aunt and uncle” with whom he now lived were really foster parents (养父母), paid by the Welfare Department of the City of New York. A less devoted teacher might have pressed for more details, but Miss Price was content with the rough outline. It was enough to fill her with a sense of mission that shone from her eyes, from the first morning he joined the fourth grade.
He arrived early and sat in the back row, his backbone very straight, his ankles crossed precisely under the desk and his hands folded on the center of its top, and while the other children were filling in, he received a long, expressionless stare from each of them.
“We have a new classmate this morning,” Miss Price said, “His name is Vincent Sabella, and he comes from New York City. I know we’ll all do our best to make him feel at home.”
This time they all swung around to stare at once, which caused him to duck his head slightly and shift his weight from one side to the other. Ordinarily, the fact of someone’s coming from New York might have held a certain status, for to most of the children the city was a frightening, adult place that swallowed up their fathers every day. But anyone could see at a glance that Vincent Sabella had nothing to do with it. Even if you could ignore his twisted black hair and gray skin, his clothes would have given him away: ridiculously new pants, ridiculously old sports shoes and a yellow sweatshirt, much too small, with the faded remains of a Mickey Mouse design stamped on its chest.
The girls decided that he wasn’t very nice and turned away, but the boys remained in their inspection, looking him up and down with faint smiles. This was the kind of kid they were accustomed to thinking of as “tough,” the kind whose stare has made all of them uncomfortable at one time or another in unfamiliar neighborhoods; here was a unique chance for revenge.
56.What can you learn about Miss Price and Vincent from the first two paragraphs
A.Since nobody had ever seen Vincent’s parents, he now lived all by himself.
B.Miss Price knew Vincent so well that she’d like to focus every bit of attention on him.
C.Miss Price didn’t know much about Vincent, but that didn’t stop her wanting to care about him.
D.Vincent sat in the back row so as not to arouse any unnecessary attention caused by his late arrival.
57.Why does the author mention “New York” in the third and the fourth paragraphs
A.To illustrate Vincent’s distant origin.
B.To demonstrate children’s desire to go to see their fathers.
C.To emphasize Vincent’s low social status from his shabby clothes.
D.To state a certain distinction between Vincent and people’s imagination.
58.Which of the following words can best describe Vincent
A.Devoted but shy. B. Nervous and uneasy.
C. Untalkative and tough. D. Sensitive but unfortunate.
59.What can you infer from the text about Vincent’s new classmates
A.They were either unconcerned or unfriendly toward him.
B.They used to consider people like Vincent to be very tough.
C.They barely noticed the new boy sitting in the back of the classroom.
D.They were very curious about the newcomer in a kind and considerate manner.
(B)
HARRY POTTER AND THE FORBIDDEN JOURNEY
Universal Studio Resort
Make your way through the classrooms and corridors of Hogwarts. Then rocket above the castle grounds on a groundbreaking new ride that lets you join Harry Potter and his friends on an unforgettably thrilling adventure.
Our goal is to ensure that everyone is able to make well informed decisions about their ability to safely, comfortably, and conveniently experience each of our attractions.
1.CAUTION:
This ride imitates dramatic aerobatics and includes sudden acceleration, stopping, turning, climbing, and dropping.
Failure to follow posted guidelines may result in serious injury or expulsion (驱逐) from the park.
Attraction is not allowed for Guests with a history of heart conditions or abnormal blood pressure.
Attraction is not allowed for Guests with back, neck, or similar physical conditions.
Expectant mothers are not allowed on this attraction.
Attraction is not recommended for Guests easily influenced to motion sickness or dizziness.
Attraction is not recommended for Guests who have fear of enclosed spaces.
Attraction is not allowed for Guests with recent surgery or other conditions that may be worsened by this ride.
Prosthetic limbs (义肢) must be secured to prevent hazards or loss due to ride forces. Please see an attendant for assistance.
Guests under 122cm may not ride.
Weight not to exceed 136 kg.
This attraction cannot accommodate guide dogs. A portable pet cage is available upon request.
2.TO AVOID SERIOUS INJURY:
Remain seated with your head firmly against the headrest.
Keep hands and feet inside the vehicle.
Hold onto shoulder restraints at all times.
No Photography or Video Recording.
Maximum capacity 4 persons.
Keep safely all loose articles (phones, hats, glasses, video-recording equipment, cameras, wallets, keys, etc.) in the lockers provided or leave with a non-rider.
No eating, drinking, or smoking.
60.In the passage, the underlined word aerobatics is closest in meaning to “________”.
A.violent movements B. plunging activities
C. increasing rides D. rapid actions
61.What is a proper behavior during rides according to the given information
A.Guests must keep cameras inside their pockets or bags.
B.Children who are under a certain age are not allowed on this ride.
C.People with prosthetic limbs should remove them before the ride so as not to lose them.
D.People with visual sickness need to keep their guide dogs with them all the way through the ride.
62.Where would this page most probably be found on the Universal Studio homepage
A.Guest Services B. About Us C. Things to Do D. Plan Your Visit
(C)
Fewer than 400 North Atlantic right whales remain in the wild, and not even 100 of them are breeding females. Their biggest survival threats are boat strikes and getting caught in fishing gear. Protecting these whales, such as by turning boats from dangerous encounters, requires positioning them more reliably -- and new technology, described in the Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, could help make that possible.
To listen for marine life, researchers often install underwater microphones called hydrophones on buoys (浮标) and robotic gliders (滑翔机). The recorded audio is changed into spectrograms -- visual representations of sound used to precisely recognize, for instance, specific whale species’ calls. But those distinctive sounds are often drowned out by other noise. In recent years researchers have used a machine-learning technique called deep learning to automate this analysis, but background sounds still block reliability.
Now researchers have trained two deep-learning models specifically to cut through the noise. They started by giving the models thousands of “clean” spectrograms with only North Atlantic right whale calls. Then they slowly added in thousands of spectrograms mixed with typical background sounds, such as tanker engines. The program can successfully turn noisy spectrograms into clean ones, reducing false alarms and helping spot whales before they reach dangerous areas, the scientists say.
Shyam Madhusudhana, a Cornell University data engineer, who was not involved in the study, says he would want to see if such models could be used to locate other marine mammals (哺乳动物), too. “Humpback whales and dolphins have much more complex speech pathways than the right whale,” he notes. And University of East Anglia machine-learning researcher Ben Milner, one of the study’s authors, wants to take this technology above water as well -- to Ukrainian forests, where he hopes to identify animals near the site of the 1986 Chernobyl disaster.
University of St. Andrews behavioral ecologist Peter Tyack, who was not involved in the study, says this new system should be used to figure out where whales are throughout the year, so that these areas can be protected. “In terms of estimating the density and the number of these whales in places where it’s hard to see them,” Peter says, “this technology could be fantastic.”
But he warns that it should not be the only approach to preventing ship strikes. In his work, Tyack has found that North Atlantic right whales can be silent for hours at a time -- so passive sound monitoring could easily miss one. And killing just a few, he adds, “could lead to extinction of the population.”
63.What does the new technology do to help protect the North Atlantic right whales
A.Locating the right whales precisely.
B.Turning boats to encounter the right whales.
C.Guiding the right whales away from fishing boats.
D.Positioning fishing boats reliably and thus deadly strikes.
64.What is a major contribution of deep-learning models to reducing background noises
A.They turn off the nearby alarms that may create background noises.
B.They can eliminate disturbances shown on a spectrogram sheet.
C.They add thousands of mixed sounds such as vehicle engines.
D.They can prevent whales from reaching dangerous areas.
65.It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A.Shyam and Ben are both scientists at different universities who know each other well
B.all of the three scientists consider the extended use of the technology could face challenges
C.Shyam and Ben both hope that the deep learning model can go beyond its current application
D.Peter thinks the technology should have been used to figure out where it’s hard to see the whales
66.Which one of the following might be the best title of the passage
A.Latest Techs on Marine Lifesaving
B.Save the Right Whale by Noise-cutting
C.See Whales’ Noise through Human’s Eyes
D.Non-professional Scientists’ Role in Saving Whales
答案
56-59 CDBA 60-62 ABC 63-66 ABCB
2021宝山一模
(A)
Early on, by age nine perhaps, I discovered my passion for both reading and writing fiction. The discovery was sudden and unexpected: one very hot summer day in Birmingham (no air conditioning), while reading, I realized I was trembling with cold. I had become caught up in a Laura Ingalls Wilder description of a snowstorm. How is this possible I asked myself, and the answer came immediately. It’s these words. Just these words have made me feel cold. Full of wonder and admiration for Laura’s writing, I thought, I’d like to be able to do that someday.
Nonetheless, I found myself beginning college as a premedical student with the intention of becoming a doctor. You see, I wanted to do good, or to be a good person, one devoted to the welfare of others. And what of my own love of reading and my interest in imaginative writing Both still gave me immense pleasure, though I was failing chemistry. But what good is literature I asked myself. And I asked my serious-minded student friends the same question. To spend my life merely doing what I loved seemed unacceptably self-centered.
One day in a literature class at my small, excellent liberal arts college, the knowledgeable professor, who was also dean of the college, posed a question that none of us could answer: “In what way are Huck of Huckleberry Finn and Pip of Charles Dickens’s Great Expectations alike ” While I did not know the answer, what I did know—in a strange flash of awareness—was that whatever the answer, it would be of crucial importance to the young man sitting across the corridor from me.
And who was he A brilliant person, a troubled person for all his brilliance, someone I loved and admired.
The professor answered his own question. “Both are boys in search of a father.” And I knew my friend across the corridor, through literature, suddenly understood his own confusion. He knew in an instinctive way something of vital importance. What was true of those fictive boys was also true of him: he needed to become a guiding father to himself.
The class was over. As my friend Dwight and I walked out the door together into the hall, he said without looking at me, “And how can you doubt, Sena, that literature can do good in the world ” Without looking at him, but sure both his eyes and my eyes were shined with tears, I replied, “I know. I know.” I knew that literature could and does make ideas and feelings real, dramatic, and accessible in a way that enhances the quality of our lives.
And so I gave myself permission to embrace a literary life, both as reader and as writer. If something I might come to write offered one wonderful person a new and needed perspective, then I could justify choosing a life for myself in literature.
That was all a very long time ago, about half a century ago. My friend would die in an auto accident before he was twenty-one. And I would live to be extraordinarily happy in my choice of professions.
This I believe: that the arts must be a part of education at all levels, that the arts can and do offer us not only pleasure but also invaluable insights into ourselves and our world.
56.What was the embarrassing situation Sena the author of the passage faced
A.She was attracted by Laura’s writing but felt extremely cold.
B.She did not know how to answer the question but it was important.
C.She loved literature but wanted to do something good for humanity.
D.She admired her brilliant friend Dwight but he died in an accident.
57.The author of the passage mentioned her friend Dwight to demonstrate ________.
A.only he could answer the professor’s question
B.he was the very person she loved and admired
C.literature becomes a guiding father to himself
D.literature offers us priceless insights into ourselves
58.It can be concluded that the author decided to ________.
A.follow her passion for being a doctor
B.devote herself to literature in her life
C.be a reader to enhance the quality of her life
D.be a doctor and engaged in literature sometimes
59.What might be the best title for the passage
A.A life in literature B. A medical career
C. An unforgettable lesson D. An unexpected accident
(B)
Even if the world makes it hard to relax, we all need to find a way to reset and recharge. We go through life thinking we’ve rested because we have gotten enough sleep―but in reality we are missing out on the other types of rest we desperately need. Saudra Dalton-Smith, a physician, outlines different types of rest that are essential for human growing.
Physical rest This is the usual definition of rest were a familiar with. But while we know we need to spend a decent number of hours in bed to stay healthy, a steady persistent support of studies shows a large proportion of us still don’t get enough physical rest.
Mental rest Always have a tornado of thoughts spinning in your head from the moment you wake up to the moment you finally fall asleep You need more mental rest, and even if you sleep a solid eight hours a night, you’re not going to feel fully recharged until you get it. “The good news is you don’t have to quit your job or go on vacation to fix this. Schedule short breaks to occur every two hours throughout your workday these breaks can remind you to slow down. You might also keep a notepad by the bed to write down any painful thoughts that would keep you awake,” suggests Dalton-smith.
Sensory rest Staring at screens all day and all night means your eyes never get a proper rest, but this isn’t the only reason many of us never give our senses a break. Noisy cites, sharp sound announcements and loud music all contribute to constant sensory stimulation. Your brain needs a rest now and again. Consciously close your eyes and give yourself the gift of silence for short periods throughout the day.
Emotional rest This “means having the time and space to freely express your feelings and cut back on people-pleasing,” Dalton-smith explains. “Emotional rest also requires the courage to be genuine. An emotionally rested person can answer the question, ‘How are you today ’ with a truthful ‘I’m not okay’-and then go on to share some hard things that otherwise go unsaid.” In other words, we all need the space to stop pretending for ourselves and others and get real about our feelings.
60.Which of the following statement is true about the types of rest mentioned in the passage
A.Physical rest means lying in bed for a proper period and exercising.
B.Mental rest indicates resting every two hours when you’re working.
C.Sensory rest means keeping silent frequently and staring at screens.
D.Emotional rest means pretending to share private affairs with others.
61.What type of rest do you need most if you’re working with a computer in an office
A.Physical rest B. Mental rest
C. Sensory rest D. Emotional rest
62.It can be concluded that if a person feels tired, he should ________.
A.try to identify just what sort of rest he’s lacking exactly
B.spend some time with those who can energize him
C.have the four types of rest mentioned in the passage in order
D.have a need to feel connected to something larger than himself
(C)
Transhumanism, first coined in 1957 by biologist Julian Huxley, meant “man remaining man, but going beyond himself by realizing new possibilities of and for his human nature.” Generally speaking, transhumanism in its modern meaning implies that human beings can be enhanced by the means of science to the extent when they rise above biological limitations and capabilities programmed by nature. The species into which humanity transforms this way will be called post human, or trans human, as it would have be something new—based on human nature, but going beyond it at the same time.
There are numerous areas which, according to transhumanists, require enhancement, as well as there are countless proposals on the means of such enhancement. In particular, transhumanists work on such problems as overcoming the physical boundaries of the human body. Starting with aging, which they believe to be rather a disease than a natural process, and ending up with replacing organs with their artificial ones, transhumanists believe that the human body is imperfect, and that it should be improved. All kinds of nanotechnologies for repairing damaged organs; nerve stimulants and drugs to alter mood and eliminate negative emotions; brain implants and implanted technologies to allow interconnectivity between multiple human beings and to advance intelligence—these and many more actions are just some of the means transhumanists plan to use to make humanity better. Some of the technologies transhumanists plan to employ to push the boundaries of humanity are available already. For example, gene therapy allowing to cure or stop certain diseases that were considered terminal; CRISPRi or SHARP-2 methods, which were discovered not so long ago, have already proved to be efficient in treating a number of complicated medical conditions, and in case further research is conducted, they might significantly improve the quality of medicine worldwide. Virtual reality, another technology from science-fiction movies of the late 1980s, has become not so virtual either, after all. VR device can be easily purchased from online stores, and the prices are affordable—given that we are speaking of technology capable of substituting actual reality. So far, it has been mostly used for games and education, but in the future, the range of its useful applications will definitely broaden. Other technologies, which have not yet been invented but which definitely will, include large scale engineering, self-copying robotics, artificial intelligence, mind uploading technologies, molecular manufacturing, space colonization, and other technological wonders.
About a hundred years ago, the idea of flying in the skies seemed absurd, until Wilbur and Orville Wright proved this assumption wrong. Who knows, perhaps in a couple of decades the concepts listed here, no matter how fantastic they look now, will become reality. Moral aspects and the price humanity will have to pay for such advancements are a different subject.
63.Which of the following statements is true about transhumanism
A.Promoting human health but remaining their physical appearances
B.Improving the human condition through social and cultural change
C.Developing human beings beyond their natural capabilities by technology.
D.Going beyond human beings physical limitations through natural evolution.
64.Transhumanists’ plan is based on the belief that ________.
A.replacing organs with their artificial ones is ideal
B.aging is rather a disease than a natural process
C.it’s practical to use nanotechnologies to improve life
D.the human body is imperfect and needs improvement
65.The underlined word “absurd” (last paragraph) is closest in meaning to ________.
A.ridiculous B. creative C. reasonable D. practical
66.This passage is particularly written about ________.
A.various kinds of definitions of transhumanism
B.different technologies substituting human reality
C.proposals on the human beings enhancement
D.artificial intelligence and human beings life
答案
56—59 CDBA 60—62 BCA 63—66 CDAB
2021崇明一模
(A)
The employees at Helwig Carbon Products in Milwaukee have their own company cafeteria on a site, a rarity it seems more and more these days. But if anyone wants to eat a doughnut (甜甜圈), it’s going to cost twice as much as what they might pay for the sweet at the local grocery store. That’s because Helwig Carbon Products has a wellness program, and it is one of many local companies trying to show employees how to eat healthier.
“We’re really trying to persuade people to eat healthier,” said Cheryl Brah, human resources director at Helwig Carbon Products. “A piece of fruit is 25 cents; a doughnut is $1.50 — and we still have people who buy doughnuts. People complain — but we really try to put our efforts toward the middle-of-the-line people who might lean more toward the wellness side, eventually.”
This effort isn’t just happening at Helwig Carbon. There has been a city-wide movement of 44 local companies who added or evolved their health and wellness programs to their company culture, and because of it Milwaukee is now nationally recognized for a large number of businesses with wellness programs.
It all started several years ago, when a program called Well City Milwaukee teamed up with 44 local businesses that collectively represent a workforce of 130,000 employees. Well City Milwaukee provided healthy practices guidelines for businesses. In exchange, it surveyed the employees to find out what their health needs and risks were and what activities they found interesting. Well City then set a very high bar for companies to meet a lot of expectations to be considered a top wellness program.
Companies needed a commitment from the CEO; to form a wellness team; to collect information from the employees in surveys and health assessments; to come up with an operating plan; to create a supportive environment; to self-evaluate their efforts; and finally, to choose their best approaches. That meant coming up with activities, better nutrition education, and motivational programs like getting people to quit smoking, getting people in for medical self-care and working on stress management.
56. What does the passage mainly want to tell us
A. Company cafeterias are rarer and rarer these days.
B. A healthy diet is especially important to people’s health.
C. Company culture is gaining priority in a company’s development.
D. Companies are trying to help their employees think about their health.
57. The company cafeteria charges much more for doughnuts in order to _____.
A. drive employees to the local grocery store
B. show the rich ingredients of the doughnuts
C. profit more from the wellness program
D. discourage the purchase of unhealthy food
58. “The middle-of-the-line people” in Paragraph 2 refer to those who _____.
A. are neutral about what to eat
B. are used to cutting in line when buying food
C. are addicted to sweet food
D. are middle-aged and have health problems
59. According to Well City Milwaukee’s requirements, a top wellness program of a company should _____.
A. motivate its employees to cooperate with each other
B. diagnose and treat its employees’ diseases effectively
C. initiate related activities based on their employees’ needs
D. prohibit its CEO from putting any pressure on its employees
(B)
Welcome to the official Louvre online sales siteThe Musée du Louvre is reopening and we are glad to be able to welcome you back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations, all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years and two months or older must show a Health Pass. All visitors, including those entitled to free admission, must book a time period. Please accept our apologies for the inconvenience.
Individual tickets for the MuseumAdmission and reservation of a time period to access the permanent collections.Tickets valid for the selected date only. Full list of visitors entitled to free admission at Louvre.fr.General admission: ?18
The Musée du Louvre is open every day — except Tuesdays, January 1, May 1 and December 25— from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm. Visitors will be asked to leave the exhibition rooms 30 minutes before closure.All tickets purchased online are time-stamped and nominative (记名的); you may therefore be asked to provide proof of identity.They are only valid for the service, date and time selected. They cannot be used to skip the queue but do guarantee access to the museum within half an hour of the time shown on the ticket. Any holder of an online ticket who does not arrive within the assigned time period for admission to the museum shall be subject to the same admission and waiting conditions as visitors without tickets.
Visitors entitled to free admission (other than Louvre members)—Under 18s, proof of ID required—16-25 year-old residents of the European Economic Area (European Union, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein), proof of ID and residency requiredProfessionals—Teachers working in France, valid “Pass Education” required—Teachers of art, art history or the applied arts, valid proof of employment stating subject taught required—Artists with the Maison des Artistes or International Association of Art, valid proof required Other —Jobseekers, valid proof and ID required (dated within the last year or indicating a period of validity)—Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them
60. This passage mainly aims at _____.
A. introducing the exhibits at the Louvre
B. providing ticketing information of the Louvre
C. listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre
D. illustrating the services provided at the Louvre
61. If a family in Norway, including the wife, an art teacher, the husband, an IT engineer, and a 10-year-old son, want to visit the Louvre this weekend, they should pay at least _____ in all.
A. ?18 B. ?36 C. ?45 D. ?54
62. What can be learned about the Louvre from the passage
A. It is open every day except on Tuesdays.
B. Its online tickets ensure access to it at any time.
C. Proof of ID is required for anyone buying its tickets online.
D. Ticket holders may be refused to enter it if arriving an hour late.
(C)
A recent study published in the journal Science Advances has revealed that the United States ranks as high as third among countries contributing to coastal plastic pollution. The new research challenges the once-held assumption that the US is adequately “managing” its plastic waste. A previous study using 2010 data that did not account for plastic waste exports had ranked the US 20th, globally, in its contribution to ocean plastic pollution.
Using plastic waste generation (产生) data from 2016 — the latest available global numbers — scientists calculated that more than half of all plastics collected for recycling (1.99 million tons of 3.91 million tons collected) in the US were shipped abroad. Of this, 88% of exports went to countries struggling to effectively manage plastics; and between 15-25% was low-value or contaminated (受污染的). It means it was unrecyclable. Taking these factors into account, the researchers estimated that up to 1 million tons of US-generated plastic waste ended up polluting the environment beyond its own borders.
Using 2016 data, the paper also estimated that between 0.91 and 1.25 million tons of plastic waste generated in the US was either littered or illegally dumped into the environment domestically. Combined with waste exports, this means the US contributed up to 2.25 million tons of plastics into the environment. Of this, up to 1.5 million tons of plastics ended up in coastal environments. This ranks the US as high as third globally in contributing to coastal plastic pollution.
“The US generates the most plastic waste of any other country in the world, but rather than looking the problem in the eye, we have outsourced it to developing countries,” said Nick Mallos, senior director of Ocean Conservancy’s Trash Free Seas program and a co-author of the study. “The solution has to start at home. We need to create less, by cutting out unnecessary single-use plastics; we need to create better, by developing innovative new ways to package and deliver goods; and where plastics are inevitable, we need to greatly improve our recycling rates.”
“Previous research has provided global values for plastic input into the environment and coastal areas, but detailed analyses like this one are important for individual countries to further assess their contributions,” said Dr. Jenna Jambeck, Distinguished Professor at the University of Georgia’s College of Engineering and a co-author of the study. “In the case of the United States, it is critically important that we examine our own backyard and take responsibility for our global plastic footprint.”
pared with the previous study, the new one _____.
A. covers data more comprehensively B. excludes plastic waste shipped abroad
C. is contrary to the latest global numbers D. challenges the recycling way of plastics
64. According to 2016 data, what can be learned about the plastic waste generated in the US
A. Over half of it ended up polluting the environment outside the US.
B. Most of its exported plastic waste wasn’t worth recycling.
C. Less than half of it was actually recycled domestically.
D. More of it is littered or illegally dumped than exported.
65. It is implied by Nick Mallos that _____.
A. plastic pollution in developing countries is more serious
B. US has been irresponsible in dealing with its plastic waste
C. US should cooperate with others to handle its plastic waste
D. innovative means are needed to eliminate single-use plastics
66. Which of the following is the best title for the passage
A. Plastic Pollution Great Risk to Marine Life
B. US Top Contributor to Coastal Plastic Pollution
C. Plastic Waste Major Source of Coastal Pollution
D. Recycling Effective Way to Address Plastic Waste
答案
56. D 57. D 58. A 59. C 60. B
61. A 62. C 63. A 64. C 65. B 66. B
2021黄浦一模
(A)
For thousands of years, the most important two buildings in any British village have been the church and the pub. In fact, until a place has a church and a pub, it is not really considered a community worthy of a name. Traditionally, the church and the pub are at the heart of any village or town, since it is where the people gather to socialize and exchange news. They are institutions at the heart of British society. After all, the word ‘pub’ is actually short for ‘public house’.
As a result, British pubs are often old and well preserved. Many of them have become historic sites that tourists visit. One of the most famous examples is the pub in the city of Nottingham called ‘Ye Olde Trip to Jerusalem’, which dates back to the year AD 1189 and is probably the oldest pub in England. It was the same year in which King Richard the First came into power, who led the First Crusade into the Holy Land, towards Jerusalem.
Many British pubs have old names referring to governors, such as The King’s Head or The Queen Victoria, but of course this doesn’t mean they are only for kings and queens. Pubs have always welcomed people from all classes and parts of society. On a cold night, the pub’s landlord or landlady can always find a warm place for you by the fire. There is always honest and hearty food and plenty of drink available at an affordable price.
That’s how it used to be, but there are worrying signs that things are beginning to change. Economic downturns, governmental financial measures, and cultural changes are causing many pubs to go out of business. People do not have a lot of spare money to spend on beer. On top of that, in 2007 smoking was banned in all public indoor spaces, including pubs, which may also have affected the numbers of customers going to pubs since then.
This decline is happening despite the fact that pubs are now allowed by law to stay open after 11pm. Previously, with 11pm as closing time, customers would have to drink quite quickly, meaning they sometimes got more drunk than they would if allowed to drink slowly. This British habit of drinking is known as ‘binge drinking’, and it causes long-term health problems for individuals and problems with violent crime for communities. The UK government is trying to find ways of discouraging binge drinking, and regularly spends money on television commercials to warn people of the problems of drinking too much.
56.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage
A.British pubs are preserved well mainly to attract tourists from all of the world.
B.British pubs are quite popular and accessible to people from all walks of life.
C.Most British pubs are going out of business because of economic and cultural bans.
D.Most British pubs have to shut down to adjust themselves to meet the smoking ban.
57.Why did the UK government allow pubs to stay open after 11pm
A.To stimulate customers to spend more on drinks.
B.To help British pubs survive economic downturns.
C.To encourage more sensible ways of drinking in pubs.
D.To get rid of violent crime in most part of Britain.
58.The term “binge drinking” in paragraph 5 would be most likely to describe ________.
A.drinking too much and too quickly B. social problems related to British pubs
C. a new long-term drinking approach D. problems caused by drinking too much
59.What will most probably be covered in the paragraph that follows the last in the passage
A.Different methods to welcome new customers to pubs.
B.Various advertisements encouraging people to quit drinking.
C.The campaigns and strategies to support the traditional pubs.
D.Trends of migrating back from the modern wine bars to old ones.
(B)
The Coming Series
Express Yourself!– The Art of CartooningTime: Thursday, January 6, 18:30 Breaking Barriers:The NHL’s Trailblazer Willie O’Ree Time: Wednesday, January 12, 18:30
Welcome to the first event in our new series, Express Yourself! We will explore many forms of personal self-expression and discuss how and why people create things and have hobbies. Join William Denham, an American diplomat stationed in Shanghai. Outside of the office, Will’s main artistic hobby is drawing cartoons. His cartoons have been displayed in two shows in Shanghai. He will discuss his hobby, what it means to him, and help take participants on their own cartooning journey. This entertaining and interactive event is open to all – including those with no drawing or cartooning experience. Be sure to bring your favorite pen or pencil,a notepad or sketchpad, and a creative attitude. Join us to watch and discuss the award-winning documentary, Willie, inspired by the story of Willie O’Ree who, in 1958, became the first black player in the National Hockey League (NHL). Willie tells the story of an extraordinary life and triumph over adversity. It also examines larger issues such as race, equality, inclusion, community, and so on. Through goal setting, hard work, and perseverance, Willie overcame many barriers and paved the path for talented hockey players, regardless of race, to play at the highest level. Please register to learn about this groundbreaking sports figure.
American Short Fiction:Writing Our Stories x The Yellow Wallpaper Time: Tuesday, February 15, 18:30Quick to read and easily shared, the short story is said to be the literature of our times. We invite you on a journey to get to know some of the best short stories in Americanliterature.
The Yellow Wallpaper, by American author Charlotte Perkins (Stetson) Gilman, was first published in 1892 but persists in American culture as a literary touchstone. While it is a horror story on its surface, a careful reading reveals deeper themes of gender equality and the importance of self-expression. And in this time of global situation, it reemerges as a study on the effects of isolation. Join American diplomat Peter Fasnacht to discuss these themes and their connections to American society. Please read the story ahead of the talk. You can find thestory here. ( https: / / gcc01.safelinks.protection. / url=https%3A%2F%2Fchina.usembassy-china.%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2Fsites%2F252%2FThe-Yellow-Wall-Paper-by-Charlotte-Perkins-Gilman-002.pdf&data=04%7C01%7CLiyi%40state.gov%7C7ede1cf9b7b147c8a35008d8973a3113%7C66cf50745afe48d1a691a12b2121f44b%7C0%7C0%7C637425623465808410%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=lX%2FD2gpjKYQ8YW1JsXljTkwp502%2FuZkTkw06VOndE44%3D&reserved=0 )
*Online registration is capped at 40 for each event. RSVP：http://shpas012121. ( https: / / gcc02.safelinks.protection. / url=http%3A%2F%2Fshpas012121.%2F&data=04%7C01%7CLiyi%40state.gov%7Ceddad26e8f004331aaac08d8b797abba%7C66cf50745afe48d1a691a12b2121f44b%7C0%7C0%7C637461209331236610%7CUnknown%7CTWFpbGZsb3d8eyJWIjoiMC4wLjAwMDAiLCJQIjoiV2luMzIiLCJBTiI6Ik1haWwiLCJXVCI6Mn0%3D%7C1000&sdata=9gvaJwB8AZKyW9Y7DpBccU9eW7RWyMLEoqcGlY2vNls%3D&reserved=0 )
*The discussion will be conducted in English.
60.Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the first event
A.William Denham will share his artistic hobby with the participants.
B.The participants will explore various forms of personal self-expression.
C.Drawing or cartooning experience isn’t a must for the participants.
D.The participants will be provided with essential drawing tools.
61.What can we infer from the coming series
A.The story of Willie O’Ree is neither inspiring nor entertaining.
B.The Yellow Wallpaper tells a horrible story revealing global emergency.
C.Those who haven’t registered online are also welcome to the events.
D.Applicants had better have a good command of English.
62.Which of the following is the most possible theme of the series introduced in the passage
A.Arts and literature B. Books and films
C. Entertainment and interaction D. Heroes and achievements
(C)
Ellen Weiss can hardly see. David Schmitt can barely hear. Are they typical victims of aging’s cruelest blows Not really. Weiss is actually a fresh resident doctor in family practice, age 30, and Schmitt a medical student, 26. They have been assigned roles, ages and particular illnesses as an innovative part of their medical training.
Introduced in only a few medical centers so far, such role playing is designed to expose doctors to the pains endured by the patients. It is just one of several techniques being tried at medical schools and hospitals in an attempt to deal with the most universal complaint about doctors: lack of sympathy. “Residents are usually young and healthy,” says Dr. Stephen Brunton. “They’ve not really had a chance to understand what patients go through.”
Role-playing programs give them a crash course. At Hunterdon, students’ faces are instantly aged with cornflour and make up. Next the disabilities are laid on: gloves cripple fingers, and peas inside shoes prevent walking. Then the ersatz invalids are asked to perform common tasks: purchasing medication at the drugstore, undressing for X rays, filling out a Medicare form and, most awkward, using the bathroom themselves.
At Long Beach, new residents assume made-up illnesses and check into the hospital for an overnight stay. The staff treats them as they would any other patient, even sending them a bill. The entire entering class of medical students at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences are issued bedpans and told to use them. Some are even subjected to an indignity: spending most part of the first day of school as people with disabilities.
Instant patients usually start out activated and joking. “But by the end of a few hours, most say, ‘I’m exhausted.’” observes nurse Linda Bryant at Hunterdon. Schmitt discovered that “a major accomplishment was doing up my collar.” And, to his surprise, “I wound up hating physicians who didn’t realize how much medication would cost and how hard it was to go and pick it up.” Weiss also learnt: “I realized how little I talk to patients. I might ask them about chest pains but not ‘Can you get dressed, eat O.K, take your medicine ’” Jeffrey Ortiz thought he was in for a quiet rest when he was sent to the intensive care unit, suffering from “chest pains.” Instead he spent a sleepless night: “People were coming in to do labs, the man in the next bed was groaning, and the heart monitor was bleeping, which was noisy and scary.”
Any patient could have told him so, but many educators believe the direct experience of such miseries will leave an enduring sense of sympathy. Doctors have long defended taking a cool, dispassionate approach to patient care, arguing that it helps preserve objective judgment and protect against burnout. But critics disagree. “By concentrating on symptoms and lab data, we ignore a wealth of information that can affect patients’ well-being,” observes Dr. Simon Auster at the Uniformed Services medical school.
63.According to the passage, the role-playing programme is designed ________.
A.as an innovative part in the local community
B.as part of the play the residents have to watch
C.to help doctors understand the pains endured by the patients
D.to expose students to school facilities in a vivid way
64.What does the phrase “the ersatz invalids” in paragraph 3 refer to
A.Local patients who usually start out activated and joking.
B.Students who make up their faces to look aged.
C.Doctors who perform common tasks that may not occur in real hospitals.
D.Customers who purchase medications and undress for X rays with the help of students.
65.The instant patients may feel most embarrassed when they ________.
A.fill in a Medicare table
B.are using the washroom on their own
C.are issued bedpans and told to try them
D.meet with someone they know well
66.What can be concluded according to the passage
A.Residents should always take a cool approach without sympathy to patient care in their job.
B.Doctors ought to be completely independent from the symptoms and the previous lab data.
C.Doctors may ignore information influencing the patients’ health only by focusing on symptoms.
D.Experience in role-playing programs won’t help the new doctors preserve objective judgment.
答案
56-59 BCAC 60-62 DDA 63-66 CBBC
2021嘉定一模
(A)
Nearly 40 years ago, Peter Harrison, a marine ecologist witnessed the first recorded large-scale coral bleaching (珊瑚白化) event. Diving in the Great Barrier Reef (大堡礁), he was shocked by the scene before him. “The reef was made up of healthy corals and badly bleached white corals, like the beginnings of a ghost city,” he says. Just months before, the same site was filled with colorful tropical life.
“Many of the hundreds of corals that I’d carefully tagged and monitored finally died,” he says. “It was shocking and made me aware of just how weak these corals really are.”
Coral exists together with photosynthetic algae (藻类), which live in its tissues and provide essential nutrition (and coloration). But high temperatures and other stresses can turn algae poisonous. When this occurs, the algae may die or be removed by the coral, a process known as bleaching because the coral’s clear tissue and white calcium carbonate skeleton (碳酸钙骨骼) are exposed. If the coral can’t reestablish its link with algae, it will starve or become ill.
The widespread destruction Harrison saw in 1982 was repeated on many other Pacific Ocean reefs that year and the next. In 1997 and 1998 the phenomenon went global, killing some 16 percent of the world’s corals. With rising temperatures, pollution, disease, increased ocean acidity, invasive species, and other dangers, Harrison’s ghost cities are expanding.
Scientists suppose that about four decades ago severe bleaching occurred roughly every 25 years, giving corals time to recover. But bleaching events are coming faster now—about every six years—and in some places soon they could begin to happen annually.
“The absolute key is dealing with global warming,” says marine biologist Terry Hughes. “No matter how much we clean up the water, the reefs will die.” In 2016, a record-hot year in a string of them, 91 percent of the reefs that consist of the Great Barrier Reef bleached.
56.Peter Harrison was shocked when diving in the Great Barrier Reef, because ________.
A.the reefs were made up of precious corals
B.the corals were ruined badly and quickly
C.he found a ghost city with tropical life
D.he saw the corals he had tagged before
57.Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A.the causes of coral bleaching
B.the weakness of corals and algae
C.the elements that make algae die
D.the process of building a link with algae
58.The phrase “Harrison’s ghost cities” in paragraph 4 most probably refers to ________.
A.global warming B. the polluted ocean
C. the white corals D. invasive species
59.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A.With algae living in its tissues, coral’s white skeleton is exposed.
B.Solving global warming is the real solution to coral bleaching.
C.The reefs die because the water hasn’t been cleaned thoroughly.
D.The severest coral bleaching occurred about four decades ago.
(B)
Shipping and Handling ChargesShaklee shipping and handling fees are based on the total product purchase price (excluding tax and shipping/handling) of your order.Shipping and Handling Charges – US (except Alaska and Hawaii)US (ExceptAlaska and Hawaii)STANDARD SERVICE3 DAY2 DAYOVERNIGHT2–7 Days3 Business Days*2 Business Days*Next Business Day*$0.01 - $149.99$8.50$19.50$20.99$29.99$150.00 - $249.996.00%13%14%20%$250.00 - $374.994.00%13%14%20%$375.00 - $524.993.00%13%14%20%$525.00+2.00%13%14%20%Overcharge on Heavier Items: In addition to the rate schedule above, 5-gallon (加仑) buckets and 30-gallon containers will have an overcharge to balance the extra cost of delivering those items. The overcharges are $35 for the 5-gallon and $135 for the 30-gallon supply sizes.*Business days are Monday through Friday. Business days do not include Saturday, Sunday, or FedEx/USPS holidays. Expedited (加快)shipping is not available for new join orders.Tracking ShipmentsYou can track your shipments by visiting your Account, clicking on Order History and then on Track next to the order you wish to track.Have more questions Please see below or contact Shaklee Customer Service at 1-800-SHAKLEE (1-800-742-5533) or customercare@ ( mailto:customercare@ ).Shaklee Customer Service Hours of Operation:Mon-Fri, 6 am to 7 pm Pacific Saturday, 7 am - 4 pm Pacific
59.According to the passage, Shaklee is most probably ________.
A.a social organization that helps customers
B.a website that offers different shipping services
C.an inquiry department that solves customers’ problems
D.a company that sells various products and services
60.According to the passage, how much should a customer pay if he buys a 5-gallon bucket of cleaner which is sold at 118 dollars and has it delivered with standard service
A.161.5 dollars. B. 137.5 dollars. C. 118 dollars. D. 153 dollars.
61.The passage is mainly intended to ________.
A.promote the shipping services B. describe the product features
C. introduce the shipping fees D. prove the advantages of shipping
(C)
On a September afternoon in 1940, four teenage boys made their way through the woods on a hill overlooking Montignac in southwestern France. They had come to explore a dark, deep hole said to be an underground passage to the nearby manor (庄园) of Lascaux. Squeezing through the entrance one by one, they soon saw wonderfully lifelike paintings of running horses, swimming deer, wounded wild oxen, and other beings—works of art that may be up to 20,000 years old.
The collection of paintings in Lascaux is among some 150 prehistoric sites dating from the Paleolithic period (旧石器时代) that have been documented in France’s Vezere Valley. This corner of southwestern Europe seems to have been a hot spot for figurative art. The biggest discovery since Lascaux occurred in December 1994, when three cave explorers laid eyes on artworks that had not been seen since a rockslide 22,000 years ago closed off a large deep cave in southern France. Here, by unsteadily shining firelight, prehistoric artists drew outlines of cave lions, herds of rhinos (犀牛) and magnificent wild oxen, horses, cave bears. In all, the artists drew 442 animals over perhaps thousands of years, using nearly 400,000 square feet of cave surface as their canvas (画布). The site, now known as Chauvet-Pont-1’Arc Cave, is sometimes considered the Sistine Chapel of prehistory.
For decades scholars had theorized that art had advanced in slow stages from ancient scratchings to lively, naturalistic interpretation. Surely the delicate shading and elegant lines of Chauvet’s masterworks placed them at the top of that progression. Then carbon dates came in, and prehistorians felt shocked. At some 36,000 years old—nearly twice as old as those in Lascaux—Chauvet’s images represented not the peak of prehistoric art but its earliest known beginnings.
The search for the world’s oldest cave paintings continues. On the Indonesian island of Sulawesi, for example, scientists found a large room of paintings of part-human, part-animal beings that are estimated to be 44,000 years old, older than any figurative art seen in Europe.
Scholars don’t know if art was invented many times over or if it was a skill developed early in our evolution. What we do know is that artistic expression runs deep in our ancestry.
63.According to the passage, where did the boys find the paintings
A.In the woods on a hill. B. In a deep cave in France.
C. In a manor of Lascaux. D. On an Indonesian island.
64.According to the passage, figurative art in paragraph 2 is a form of art that ________.
A.conveys concepts by using accurate numbers and forms
B.makes stories in contrast to scientific subjects
C.represents persons or things in a realistic way
D.expresses ideas or feelings by using shapes and patterns
65.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A.the Chauvet’s paintings had been sealed by a rockslide until 1994
B.the style of Chauvet’s paintings is similar to that of the Sistine Chapel
C.Chauvet’s images are the earliest figurative paintings that have been found
D.the main objects of Chauvet’s images are part-human, part-animal beings
66.Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A.Value of Paleolithic Artwork
B.Preservation of Figurative Art
C.Artistic Expressions of Nature
D.Searches for Cave Paintings
答案
56-59 BACB 60-62 DAC 63-66 BCAD
2021静安一模
(A)
A line of men tugged on ropes and dropped from the ship into the sea, with a group of Saibs prepared to pull them later from the sea bottom. Nasser, one of the divers, climbed over the railing of the ship and his Saib emptied his basket full of shells onto the deck.
“Get me something to fill my stomach with, boy.” I knew he was teasing as he is my father’s good friend.
“But I’m no longer an errand boy. I’m a diver, like my father was.” “Your father was bald and deaf, like the rest of us,” Nasser laughed.
The salty Arabian Gulf produced the finest pearls in the world while the salty water also made divers lose their hair. Let alone the high pressure which cost them their hearing. I had shaved my head, in which way I felt more like a real diver. Of course, there’s no need for me to worry about the hair problem.
“I’ve dived the shallow seas before, and I can hold my breath for a whole minute.”
“Just pull your rope before you feel breathless.” He then disappeared into the water again.
I tied a heavy stone to my foot with a rope. Taking one more deep breath, I plugged my nose and jumped. With the stone finally hitting the seabed with a thump, I freed my foot from the rope. I scratched at the rocky ridge(脊), when three oysters dropped into my hands. I even didn’t have enough time to feel surprised at how easy the job was before I felt breathless.
Out of horror, I dragged the rope. Knowing that, far above, the Saib’s strong arms strained to pull me toward the surface, I reminded myself to endure for a little more time. Just when I thought my lungs would burst, my ears popped and there was light.
Nasser burst through the water. He removed his nose plug and grinned at me looking at the three pitiful shells on the deck. “Not bad for an errand boy.” Seeing me upset with my head down, he patted me “It’s your first for such a depth. You did better than all of us.” Cheering up, I wrapped the empty basket around my neck and raised my chin, “I’m a pearl diver.”
55.According to Nasser, what did an errand boy usually do
A. Pull divers from the sea. B. Empty baskets for divers.
C. Serve snacks for divers. D. Dive for shells.
56.Why did the author have his hair cut
A.Because he tried to avoid losing hair.
B.Because all divers had shaved hair.
C.Because high pressure made him bald.
D.Because he wanted to look professional.
57.Why did the author get little harvest
A.Because there were not many pearls in the area.
B.Because he still lacked experience in the job.
C.Because the Saib pulled him up too early without permission.
D.Because the rocky ridge was too rough.
(B)
These summer festivals in New Orleans are few of the hottest happenings the City has to offer for holiday seekers.
Oyster(牡蛎) Festival
There’s an old saying that it’s only safe to eat oysters in months ending in 'R', which was good advice in the age before refrigeration became a fashion. And that’s exactly why originally the New ( http: / / nolaoysterfest.org / ) Orleans Oyster Festival ( http: / / nolaoysterfest.org / )was held in June, to break up the myth as locals never bothered to preserve the creatures with their habit of directly eating the seafood, fresh from the sea. Today, featuring oysters harvested from the Gulf of Mexico, Oyster Fest is a celebration of the world’s favorite food. If you’ve ever wanted to enjoy the legendary oysters at Drago’s ( http: / / www. / )where the recipe originated or take a bite out of an oyster the size of a hamburger, Oyster Fest is for you.
When to Go: June 3-4 Essence Festival
New Orleans holds a special place in African-American life and history, so it should be no surprise the city hosts a festival celebrating African-American music and culture in the United States. With free admission, Essence ( http: / / www. / festival-2017 )Festival, organized by the African-American women’s magazine of the same name, is a combination of four days of dynamic speeches and a showcase of African- American artists.
When to Go: June 29-July 2, Cajun-Zydeco Festival
Southern Louisiana is home to a variety of rich, unique cultures, and on a weekend in June in New Orleans, one of them—Cajun—is on full display. The heart of Cajun country is in south-central Louisiana, a strong showcase of Cajun culture, for which the Cajun-Zydeco Festival ( https: / / www.jazzandheritage.org / cajun-zydeco )emerged. On the particular weekend, you get ready to chew down on traditional food like Cajun gumbo at eateries, buy Cajun crafts, and purchase a Cajun T-shirt.
When to Go: June 24-25 Running of the Bulls
Due to its history, the Spanish influence still shows itself in New Orleans. The architectural style of the French Quarter is actually from Spain, and New Orleans’s annual Running of the Bulls ( http: / / / )is, in part, a nod to the city’s Spanish heritage. Unlike the Spanish festival in Pamplona, the “bulls” in the Fest are not actual bulls but the women of the Big Roller derby team. However they do chaseNdown white-and-red-clothed festival-goers, if infuriated. Therefore behave yourself or be prepared to run for life.
When to Go: July 7-9
59.Why was New Orleans Oyster Festival held in June in the first place
A.Because refrigerator could be used to store oysters.
B.Because it was not easy for oysters to go bad in summer.
C.Because oysters could be cooked in various ways to extend storage period.
D.Because New Orleans oysters were usually served raw.
60.The underlined word “infuriated” is closest in meaning to _________.
A. exhibited B. color-blinded C. angered D. cheated
61.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.Oyster Festival nowadays is designed for people seeking the history of oyster harvest.
B.Essence Festival celebrates the freedom of African-American women.
C.Cajun-Zydeco Festival is mainly celebrated through dining and shopping.
D.New Orleans has been stripped of Spanish influence.
62.In which magazine does the passage most probably appear
A.Vacation Guide. B. Genuine Recipe.
C. Architecture Vision. D. Music Billboard.
(C)
You may be familiar with the statistic that 90% of the world’s data were created in the last few years. The biggest setback with such a rate of information increase is that the present moment will always emerge far larger than the past. Short-sightedness is built into the structure, in the form of an overwhelming tendency to over-estimate near-term messages at the expense of history.
To understand why this matters, consider the findings from social science about ‘recency bias(倾向)’, which describes the tendency to assume that future events will closely resemble recent experience. People tend to base thinking disproportionately on whatever comes most easily to mind.
It’s also worth remembering that novelty tends to be a dominant consideration when deciding what data to keep or delete. Out with the old and in with the new. That’s the digital trend in a world where search algorithms(算法) are systematically biased towards freshness. They are designed in line with human preference. Such a bias towards the present is structurally rooted in the human weakness that we keep deserting things we once cherished simply because we grow tired of them.
What’s really needed is something thought of as “intelligent forgetting”: learning to let go of the immediate past in order to keep its larger continuities in view. It’s an act similar to organising a photograph album – although with more maths. When are two million photographs less valuable than two thousand
Many data sets are irreducible and most precious when complete: gene sequences; demographic(人口的) data; the raw, hard knowledge of geography and physics. The softer the science, however, the more likely that scale is reversely connected with quality. In these cases, time itself is rather important as a touch stone to judge the value of data. Either we choose carefully what endures, matters and meaningfully captures our past – or its foot print is silently replaced by the present’s growing noise. Mere gathering is no cure-all answer. In an era of bigger and bigger data, the leading warning for those who have to make decisions is that what you choose not to know matters just as much as what you do.
63.What is the major problem with the explosion of recent information
A.Trends are too quickly produced.
B.People have poor eyesight after viewing too much information.
C.Present information is given too much emphasis.
D.Prediction for future developments largely depends on the past information.
64. What causes widespread preference for newness
A.That algorithms require the latest information to make accurate prediction.
B.That humans are accustomed to losing interest in old things.
C.That short renewed period is the feature of modern data.
D.That search algorithms keep uncovering the value of the newness.
65.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A.Recent experience is rarely used to provide reference for future events.
B.The quality of geographic knowledge depends on photo sorting rather than full data.
C.Intelligent forgetting refers to replacing the immediate past with far-back data.
D.Time helps us to evaluate data when the quality isn’t in line with quantity.
66.What is the passage mainly about
A.The side effects of digital innovation.
B.The values of complete data in softer subjects.
C.The data discrimination caused by algorithms.
D.The faulty preference for fresh data and ways out.
答案
56-58 CDB 59-62 DCCA 63-66 CBDD
2021闵行一模
(A)
Sasha saves the day
Though I can’t recall who the gift was from, what I do remember about the gift is my initial reaction to it. When our toddler (学步的小孩) opened the box and pulled out the soft toy, my mind immediately went to the existing mountain of stuffed animals in our house. I knew that this orange knit cat, named Sasha, according to the box, was straight into that pile.
We had no idea what we were up against. When the gift box containing Sasha arrived two years into our time as parents, most surfaces in our house were covered in kid stuff. We had discovered that we could live with pretty much anything if it kept the peace and kept our kid safe.
As I expected, Sasha went into the mountain of stuffed animals. Less predictably, however, the knit cat didn’t stay in the pile. I’m not sure why. Sasha is sweet but looks unremarkable. Picture a medium-sized knit orange cat with an angled smile and a purple sweater.
No doubt part of Sasha’s appeal came from its involvement in mealtimes. We were desperate for distractions, particularly when our son was in the highchair. Without entertainment, our toddler would fight the injustice of being required to stay seated while eating. My husband started to use Sasha in the distraction games with success. We knew we were onto something when our son started asking to go into his highchair to play the “Sasha game”.
In time, Sasha’s powers grew beyond distraction. If we were having a hard time talking our son into doing something, sometimes the knit cat could bring him around.
This comfort was particularly critical when it was bedtime. Sleep was challenging for our son for a long time and, as a result, for us. We discovered that our child liked to cuddle (依偎) the knit cat at night and was able to settle down more easily if Sasha was there. This made the knit cat priceless in our household.
Remarkably, our son is now a teenager and, if all goes as planned, he will leave home to attend university later this year. Sasha no longer has a prominent role in our day-to-day lives, but I know that I will never throw Sasha out. We all love that knit cat.
Come fall, when I am an empty nester, I might just pull Sasha out again to provide comfort to me.
56.When the author first saw the gift, she thought that ________.
A.it would add happy hours to the family B. it would not be appreciated
C. it was unique among other toys D. her kid would find it fascinating
57.What do we know about the author’s kid
A.He was restless when eating. B. He preferred to be left alone.
C. He liked to collect knit toys. D. He talked a lot with the toy.
58.The sentence “the knit cat could bring him around” probably means that ________.
A.the knit cat sometimes drove away the kid’s attention
B.the knit cat was always playing around the boy
C.the knit cat could persuade the boy to do something
D.the knit cat had hard time talking with the kid
59.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true
A.At first sight, the knit cat was appealing to the family.
B.The knit cat helped the kid to behave better when eating.
C.The boy was able to sleep well with the knit cat around him.
D.The author also enjoys the company of the knit cate.
(B)
(You may read the questions first.)
Book 1 In Factfulness, Professor Hans Roslingasks simple questions like ‘How many girls finish school ’ and ‘What percentage of the world’s population is poor ’ It turns out that the majority of us get the answers to these questions completely wrong. Why does this happen Factfulness sets out to explain why, showing that there are several instincts humans have that distort ( 扭曲) our perspective. Yes, there are real concerns. But we should adopt a mindset of factfulness – only carrying opinions that are supported by strong facts. This boo

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