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UNIT 4 Breaking boundaries
◎本单元语法学了什么内容？　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 [自我评价]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
◎本单元写作练了哪个方面？　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
一、核心单词
1．boundary n．分界线；边界
2．statistic n. (一项)统计数据
3．vital adj. 极其重要的
4．specialist n. 专家
5．clinic n. 诊所；门诊部
6．disinfect v. 为……消毒，给……杀菌
7．twin adj. 双胞胎的
8．ward n. 病房
9．mankind n. 人类
10．cast v. 选派(角色)
11．joint adj. 联合的，共同的
12．mount v. 走上，登上
13．civil adj. 公民的，国民的
14．civilian adj. 平民的；百姓的
15．altogether adv. 完全
16．communist adj. 共产主义的
Ⅰ.用左栏单词的适当形式填空
1．A river forms the boundary between the two countries.
2．Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen greatly.
3．It is vital that we should remember the new words when learning English.
4．The patient is not allowed to go out of the ward because he is too weak.
5．He mounted the stage and began his speech.
6．It requires the joint efforts of the whole society to build a harmonious society.
7．I can never tell the difference between the twins.They look very similar.
8．Nurses need to disinfect the medical instruments before the operation.
二、拓展单词
1．assist v．协助，帮助→assistance n．帮助，援助→assistant n．助手；助理
2．tragic adj.悲惨的，不幸的→tragedy n．悲惨的事，不幸，灾难→tragically adv.悲惨地
3．infectious adj.传染性的→infect v．传染；使感染→infection n．传染，感染；传染病
4．devotion n．奉献→devote v．致力，献身，倾注→devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的
5．compensate v．弥补，补偿→compensation n．补偿，赔偿；赔偿金，补偿金
6．collaborate v．合作，协作→collaboration n．合作，协作
7．realistic adj.(目标、希望)能够实现的→realize v．实现；意识到；领悟→reality n．真实，现实
8.minority n．少数派；少数→minor adj.较小的；次要的；轻微的→major adj.主要的；重要的；大的→majority n．大部分；大多数
9．inclusive adj.包容广阔的→include v．包括，包含；使成为……的一部分→including prep.包括……在内
10．harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的→harmony n．融洽，和睦；和谐，协调
11．mutual adj.共有的，共同的→mutually adv.相互地；彼此；共同地
12．rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的→reward n．奖励；回报；报酬 v．奖励；奖赏；给……以报酬
13．division n．分歧，分裂→divide v．(使)分开，分散，分割，使分离→divided adj.分裂的；有分歧的
14．liberty n．自由→liberate v．解放；使自由，使摆脱约束(或限制)
15．dedicate v．致力于，献身于→dedicated adj.献身的；专心致志的；一心一意的→dedication n．献身，奉献
16．endure v．持续存在→endurance n．忍耐力；耐久力→endurable adj.能持久的，耐用的→endured adj.吃苦耐劳的
17．nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地→noble adj.崇高的，品质高尚的；贵族的，高贵的
18．influential adj.有影响力的→influence n．影响，作用 v．影响，对……起作用
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．And by looking at us, listening to us, respecting our input, affirming (肯定) our value, giving us a sense of dignity, Papa was unquestionably our most influential (influence) teacher.
2．Another way of setting realistic (realize) goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths.
3．The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance (assist)．
4．Traveling along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding (reward) experience.
5.On the 20th of that month, Dr.Welch examined a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious (infect) disease mainly affecting children.
6．The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (collaborate) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain.
7．There was a division (divide) of opinion on that matter.
8．Patience and devotion (devote) are essential to scientific research work.
9．So, it may be only a minority (minor) of young people who play classical instruments.
10．Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (mutual) beneficial.
11．To avoid such conflicts, we should be kind to one another, which is essential to enjoy a harmonious (harmony) life.
12．Many people died during famines every year before liberation (liberate)．
13．The right to vote should be a liberty (liberate) enjoyed by all.
三、重点短语
1．take any chances　抓住任何机会；心存侥幸
2．put ...at risk 把……置于危险之中
3．be involved in 参与；被卷入
4．give up 放弃
5．against all odds 尽管困难重重
6．make a full recovery 痊愈，完全康复
7．not to mention 不用说；更不必说
8．step into sb.'s shoes 接替某人的工作(位置)
9．in memory of 为了纪念……
10．at a great cost 付出巨大的代价
11．set down 制定，规定(规则等)
12．step by step 一步一步地
13．bring forth 使产生，使出现
14．be engaged in 从事于；忙于……
15．in vain 白白地
Ⅲ.用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1．Her father is a successful businessman so she decided to step into his shoes and become a businesswoman.
2．Think it over before making such a decision.We can't afford to take any chances.
3．The poor boy has never seen a TV set, not to mention the Internet and smartphones.
4．Under the intensive care of the doctors and nurses, the patient made a full recovery.
5．Every student should obey the rules set down by the school.
6．Against all odds, the workers still finished their tasks perfectly on time.
7．This is a tragic love affair that brought forth only pain.
8．I tried to explain the problem to him, but in vain.He still doesn't understand it.
四、经典句式
1．“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型
It's exactly one month since the last reported case (自从上一个报告的病例)．
2．动词不定式短语作表语
My mission was to relieve Emma (接替埃玛), a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
3．as引导时间状语从句
As she talked (她说话的时候), I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
4．动词不定式短语作定语
His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason to look to the future (展望未来的理由)．
5．what引导宾语从句
He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be (美利坚合众国本应成为的样子), based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.,Ⅳ.补全句子
1．It is one and a half years since he came to China.
他来中国已经一年半了。
2．My duty is to look after the animals.
我的责任就是照看这些动物。
3．As she was walking in the park，she heard a girl singing.
她在公园里散步时，听到一位女孩在唱歌。
4．I believe he has the ability to finish the task on time.
我相信他有按时完成这项任务的能力。
5．I couldn't make out what they were talking about.
我不听清楚他们在谈论什么。
1．provide international aid　　提供国际援助
2．international cooperation 国际合作
3．the developed countries 发达国家
4．the developing countries 发展中国家
5．the third world countries 第三世界国家
6．be aware of the importance of international cooperation
意识到国际合作的重要性
7．make a difference to 对……有影响
8．make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献
9．global public health security 全球公共卫生安全
10．stop armed conflicts 停止武装冲突
11．the principle of equality and mutual benefit 平等互利的原则
12．International Red Cross 国际红十字会
13．improve medical conditions 改善医疗条件
14．safeguard world peace 维护世界和平
15．insist on international equality 坚持国际平等
16．create a harmonious society 创建和谐社会
17．promote friendship with 增进同……的友谊
18．international trade barrier 国际贸易壁垒
19．provide selfless assistance 提供无私的帮助
20．non profit organization 非营利组织
21．pursue common development 谋求共同发展
22．deepen regional cooperation 深化区域合作
23．encourage innovation 鼓励创新
24．make a joint effort 共同努力
25．provide food and shelter 提供食物和庇护所
26．a profound and lasting friendship 深厚且永恒的友谊
27．share happiness and sorrows with sb. 与某人同甘共苦
28．set a good international image 树立一个良好的国际形象
29．send a medical team 派遣一支医疗队
30．narrow the gap between rich and poor 缩小贫富差距
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boundary
statistic
vital
specialist
clinic
disinfect
twin
ward
mankind
cast
joint
mount
civil
civilian
altogether
communist
take any chances
put ...at risk
be involved in
give up
against all odds
make a full recovery
not to mention
step into sb.'s shoes
in memory of
at a great cost
set down
step by step
bring forth
be engaged in
in vain
A鱼
单元自
与提升Writing a speech
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠解 [教材原文] [名师论道]
　　Hello, everyone.Today, I'm going to introduce Edgar Snow.Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.At a time when relatively little was known about our country in the Western world, his 1937 book Red Star over China broke ideological boundaries by telling the stories of the Chinese communist movement from the inside.Although Snow was not the only international journalist to set foot in China during the early decades of the 20th century, what set him apart from the others was that he actually spent time with the Chinese Red Army.He listened to their stories and observed their day to day lives, as well as conducting interviews with Mao Zedong and other leaders.His biographical accounts and depictions of historical events, such as the Long March, therefore captured the spirit of the period and the people living through it with unprecedented authenticity.Snow is considered “our American friend”．I admire Snow's special insight and bravery, risking his life during the war to get to the heart of the story and correct prejudice.For me, Snow's writing, and in particular Red Star over China, is a must read for anyone with an interest in that period. [学语言]1.时态：一般现在时和一般过去时2.人称：第一、三人称3.亮点词汇①introduce②influential③break ideological boundaries④set foot in⑤set sb.apart from the others4.高级句式①who引导定语从句②when引导定语从句[学结构]本文是一份演讲稿，介绍了美国记者埃德加·斯诺，以及他打破意识形态的作品《红星照耀中国》。文章共由三部分组成：开头部分：who the person is and what boundary he has broken；主体部分：how he achieved this；结尾部分：comments on him。
佳句背诵 1.He/She was one of the greatest scientists in the 20th century.他/她是20世纪最伟大的科学家之一。2．He/She was born in 1911.他/她出生于1911年。3．He/She studied at a local high school and graduated from Beijing University.他/她曾就读于当地的一所高中，毕业于北京大学。4．He/She is such a learned/strong willed person that we all admire/respect him/her.他/她是一个如此博学/意志坚强的人，我们都很钦佩/尊敬他/她。5．He/She devoted all his/her life to the work.他/她毕生都致力于工作。6．He/She made great contributions to our country.他/她对我们国家做出了巨大贡献。7．He/She was highly thought of by many people.他/她受到很多人的高度赞扬。8．He/She will live in the hearts of us forever.他/她会永远活在我们心中。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
请根据下表中的信息介绍一下诺贝尔奖获得者——中国女科学家屠呦呦。
姓名 屠呦呦
主要经历 1.1930年12月30日出生于浙江宁波；2．1951年被北京大学录取，主修制药专业，于1955年毕业；毕业后，一直从事研究中医；3．1972年成功发现并制成一种治疗疟疾的药物——青蒿素并获得多种奖项；4．2015年10月5日，她被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，成为中国第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女性科学家。
总结 我们要向她学习，投身于科学研究。
参考词汇：药理学家 pharmacologist　中医Traditional Chinese Medicine　青蒿素 artemisinin　疟疾 malaria　
生理学 physiology　诺贝尔奖the Nobel Prize
[仿写步骤]
Step 1　一仿结构布局合理
第一段：开门见山，简要介绍屠呦呦；
第二段：屠呦呦主要经历；
第三段：作总结(向她学习，致力于科学研究)。
Step 2　二仿语言规范美观
1．著名的女科学家屠呦呦，1930年12月30日生于浙江宁波。
Tu Youyou, a famous female scientist, was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930.
2．1951年，她被北京大学录取，主修制药专业。
She was admitted into Beijing University in 1951, majoring in making medicine.
3．1972年，她成功发现并制成青蒿素来治疗疟疾。
In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin to treat malaria.
4．这使她获得许多奖项。
It made her win many awards.
5．我们应该向她学习，投身于科学研究。
We should learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.
Step 3　三仿句间过渡自然
用连词连接句3和句4
In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin to treat malaria, which made her win many awards.
Step 4　誊写
Hi, everyone,
Today, I am going to introduce Tu Youyou, a famous female pharmacologist and scientist, who was born in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930.
In 1951, she was admitted into Beijing University, majoring in making medicine.She graduated in 1955.After her graduation she has been studying Traditional Chinese Medicine.In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and developing artemisinin to treat malaria, which made her win many awards.She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on 5 October 2015, becoming the first female Chinese scientist to win the Nobel Prize.
We should learn from her and devote ourselves to scientific research.
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A鱼Developing ideas
The Words That Changed A Nation
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted① a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle [1]where thousands of soldiers had died.The man was Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States of America, and he was there in memory of② the soldiers [2]who had died.The speech [3]he gave was just 268 words long and lasted two minutes.But this address③ to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape④ a nation.
[1]where引导定语从句，修饰a recent battle。
[2]who引导定语从句，修饰the soldiers。
[3]he gave为定语从句，修饰The speech，从句省略了关系代词that或which。
At that time, America was bitterly⑤ divided⑥.For two years, its people had been deep in a civil⑦ war between the slave⑧ owning Confederate⑨ Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union⑩.The worst battle lasted three days and took place at Gettysburg in 1863.The Union side won, but at a great cost .Over 50,000 soldiers were killed or wounded, and people lost hope and purpose.What was all this suffering for
Lincoln understood the feelings of the civilian people.His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason [4]to look to the future.He gave them a new vision of [5]what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.It was [6]what the soldiers had died for.Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
[4]动词不定式短语作定语，修饰名词reason。
[5]what引导宾语从句；过去分词短语based on ...在句中作状语；过去分词短语set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before作定语，修饰the ideals。
[6]what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语。
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth ， upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty， and dedicated to the proposition [7]that all men are created equal.
[7]that引导同位语从句，作the proposition的同位语。
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, [8]testing whether that nation, or any nation, so conceived, and so dedicated, can long endure.We are met here on a great battlefield of that war.We have come to dedicate a portion of it as a final resting place for those [9]who here gave their lives that that nation might live.[10]It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this.
[8]现在分词短语testing ...作定语，修饰civil war；whether引导宾语从句。
[9]who引导定语从句，修饰代词those；第一个that引导目的状语从句，省略了so。
[10]It作形式主语；that引导主语从句。
But in a larger sense, we can not dedicate — we can not consecrate — we can not hallow this ground.The brave men, living and dead, [11]who struggled here, have consecrated it far above our poor power to add or detract.The world will little note， nor long remember, [12]what we say here, but can never forget [13]what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated here to the unfinished work [14]which they have, thus far， so nobly carried on.[15]It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion — that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain；that this nation shall have a new birth of freedom; and that this government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
(“The Gettysburg Address” by Abraham Lincoln)
[11]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰The brave men。
[12]what引导宾语从句，作动词remember的宾语。
[13]what引导宾语从句，作动词forget 的宾语。
[14]which引导定语从句，修饰the unfinished work。
[15]本句为主从复合句。其中含有四个that引导的同位语从句，它们均为名词task的同位语。for which they here gave the last full measure of devotion为定语从句，修饰that cause；that these dead shall not have died in vain为宾语从句，作动词resolve的宾语。
①mount v．走上，登上
②in memory of为了纪念……
③address n．演说，演讲
④shape v．塑造；影响……的发展
⑤bitterly adv.极其，非常
⑥divided adj.分裂的；有分歧的
⑦civil adj.公民的，国民的
civil war 内战
⑧slave n．奴隶
⑨confederate adj.(美国内战期间)南部联邦的
⑩union n．联邦
at a great cost 付出巨大的代价
civilian adj.平民的；百姓的
belief n．信念；相信，信心
set down 制定，规定(规则等)
division n．分歧，分裂
step by step 一步一步地
equality n．平等
score n．二十
bring forth使产生，使出现
conceive v．构想，设想
liberty n．自由
dedicate v．致力于，献身于
proposition n．见解；主张；观点
be engaged in从事于；忙于……
endure v．持续存在
battlefield n．战场
portion n．一部分
altogether adv.完全
fitting adj.适合(某场合)的；恰当的
consecrate v．宣布……为神圣之处
hallow v．使成为神圣
detract v．减低，破坏，损害
note v．注意，留意
thus far(故事)说到这儿；(情势)到这一刻
nobly adv.高尚地，崇高地
resolve v．决心；决定
in vain 白白地
perish v．死亡
[参考译文]
改变了一个国家的演说
1863年11月19日，一个天空灰蒙蒙的下午，宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的一块空地上，一个高大瘦削的男人登上了讲台，开始演说。就在不久前，这里曾是一片战场，数千名士兵牺牲于此。这个人是美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯，他来到这里悼念已逝的战士。他的演说只有268个词，时长两分钟，但却改变了民众的想法，甚至帮助塑造了整个国家。
在那时，美国分崩离析。两年来，美国人民深陷内战之中，一方是拥护奴隶制的南部联邦，另一方是拥护“自由”的北方联盟。最残酷的战斗持续了三天，就发生在1863年的葛底斯堡。北方联盟取得了胜利，但代价惨重。五万多名士兵死伤，人们失去了希望和目标。遭受这些苦难究竟是为了什么呢？
林肯理解民众的感受。他的演说给了民众希望、信念以及展望未来的理由。他给予了美国人民一个新的愿景，那就是依照87年前开国元勋的理念，美利坚合众国本应成为的样子。那也是已故的将士为之献出生命的原因。现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步朝着实现人类平等而努力。
87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。
当下我们正深陷于一场大规模的内战之中，它考验着这个国家，或者任何一个生于自由、对上述理想深信不疑的国家，能否长久生存下去。现在我们聚集在这场内战的一个重要战场上，我们来到这里，是为了把这里的一部分土地献给那些为了国家存续而献出自己生命的人，作为他们最终的安息之地。我们这样做是完全应当且非常恰当的。
但是，从更广泛意义上来说，我们不能献出——不能圣化——不能神化这块土地，因为在这里勇敢抗争的人们，不论生死，已经圣化了这片土地，这远不是我们渺小的力量所能增减的。世界不会留意，也不会铭记我们在这里说了什么，但它永远不会忘记他们在这里做的事情。他们英勇地坚持至今，现在是我们这些生者献身于这未完成的事业的时候了。我们应该把自己奉献于在我们面前的伟大事业——从这些光荣的逝者身上汲取更多的信仰，来投身于他们为之竭尽最后一丝力量的事业——我们在这里下最大的决心，不让逝者白白失去生命，要让国家获得自由的新生，要使民有、民治、民享的政府永存。
(《葛底斯堡演讲》——亚伯拉罕·林肯)
Step One: Pre reading
How much do you know about the American Civil War Discuss in pairs and write as much information as possible.
(Answers may vary.)
　
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for main idea
Read the passage quickly and choose the best answer.
The text mainly tells us .
A．famous US presidents
B．great battles in history
C．the power of speeches
D．America was bitterly divided
答案：C
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Why did Lincoln arrive in Gettysburg
A．Because he was made to become a slave.
B．Because he wanted to give a famous speech.
C．Because he wanted to change the people's minds.
D．Because he was there in memory of the dead fighters.
2．When did the civil war take place
A．In 1861.　　　　　 B．In 1862.
C．In 1863. D．In 1865.
3．How did the people feel after the civil war
A．Excited. B．Suffered.
C．Equal. D．Hopeless.
4．What did Lincoln think the nation should altogether do in a fitting and proper way
A．They should be engaged in the civil war.
B．They should devote to their nation for the dead soldiers.
C．They should meet there on a great battlefield of that war.
D．They should fight for freedom and equality.
5．In Lincoln's eyes，what was the unfinished great task
A．All people are created equal and free.
B．They couldn't forget what they did there.
C．The government should be for the people.
D．The country would never perish from the earth.
答案：1～5　DADBA
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man 1.mounted (mount) a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.The place was the site of a recent battle 2.where thousands of soldiers had died.This is the famous Gettysburg Address and the man is Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States.
The Gettysburg Address was a short speech and 3.was delivered (deliver) in the height of the American Civil War to commemorate the massive numbers of deaths and
casualties at the bloody Battle of Gettysburg.The president spoke for two 4.minutes (minute)．His speech contained just 268 words, 5.including (include) the sentence “The world will little note, nor long remember, 6.what we say here.” But this address to the crowd changed the minds of his people and helped shape a nation.
At that time, America was 7.bitterly (bitter) divided.For two years, its people had been deep in a civil war between the slave owning Confederate Southern States and the “free” Northern States of the Union.
The Gettysburg Address is considered a pivotal moment in the way Americans viewed 8.themselves (them) and their government.His speech gave people hope, belief and a reason 9.to look (look) to the future.He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be.It was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, 10.but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．mount the stage　登上舞台
2．civil rights 公民权
3．civilian life 平民百姓的生活
4．on the battlefield 在战场上
5．a joint effort 共同的努力
6．mutual respect and understanding 相互尊敬和理解
7．millions of American black slaves 成千上万的美国黑奴
8．the fight for justice and liberty 争取正义和自由的斗争
9．a division of opinion on the matter 对于那件事有意见分歧
10．altogether agree with you 完全同意你的意见
11．He is a noble man who devoted himself to helping others and died nobly for saving a child.(noble)
12．She's very good at making friends and influencing people, so she has a great influence on me and I like this influential girl.(influence)
13．If we want to live in a harmonious society, we must insure our society develops in harmony with the people.(harmony)
1．“名词＋名词”合成名词一览
①farmland　农田　②birthplace　发源地
③bookshop 书店 ④sunglasses 太阳镜
⑤sunlight 阳光 ⑥doorbell 门铃
2．以辅音字母＋le结尾的形容词，变e为y构成副词
①possible→possibly
②terrible→terribly
③probable→probably
④comfortable→comfortably
⑤simple→simply
⑥gentle→gently　　　　
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．The crowd observed a minute's silence in memory of (为了纪念) those who had died.
2．Everyone should be clear that success comes at a great cost (付出巨大的代价)．
3．He wants the world to know his son did not die in vain (白白地)．
4．We had to set down (制定) rules for the behavior of the members.
5．As he expected, everything goes on well step by step (一步一步地)．
6．At last, Henry's new methods brought forth (使产生)nothing but trouble.
7．The civil war (内战) claimed a total of over 20,000 lives.
8．He does wholesale business, while his brother is engaged in (从事于) retail business.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句]　His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
[句式分析]　动词不定式短语作定语
[佳句仿写]　My wish to visit France came true at last.
我访问法国的愿望终于实现了。
2．[教材原句]　He gave them a new vision of what the United States of America should be, based on the ideals set down by its Founding Fathers 87 years before.
[句式分析]　what引导宾语从句
[佳句仿写]　Our country is now quite different from what it used to be.
我们的国家已完全不同于过去的样子了。
1．mount v．走上，登上；骑上(马、自行车等)；逐步增加；组织开展
(教材P44)On a grey afternoon on 19 November 1863, a tall, thin man mounted a platform in a field in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and began to speak.
1863年11月19日，一个天空灰蒙蒙的下午，宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡的一块空地上，一个高大瘦削的男人登上了讲台，开始演说。
(1)mount stairs　　　　　　　 走上台阶
mount the stage 登上舞台
(2)mount a horse 骑上马
(3)mount a protest/campaign 发起抗议/运动
mount an exhibition 举办展览
(经典佳句)When I first mounted the Great Wall, I could hardly find words to express how beautiful the scenery was.
当我第一次登上长城的时候，我几乎找不到语言来表达风景有多美。
[练透]　一词多义(猜测加彩单词的含义)
①The professor mounted the stage and began to make a speech.走上，登上
②Pressure is mounting on the government to deal with the rise of underemployment.逐步增加
③The gallery has mounted an exhibition of art by a famous women painter.组织开展
[写美]　完成句子
④He mounted his horse and rode away.
他骑上马走了。
2．division n．分歧，分裂；差异；分配；除法
(教材P44)Now it was up to the living to remove not only the divisions between North and South, but the boundaries between black and white, and work step by step towards the equality of humankind.
现在，责任落到了生者身上，不仅要消除南北之间的分歧，还要打破黑人与白人之间的界限，一步一步朝着实现人类平等而努力。
divide v．　　　　　　 (使)分开，分散，分割；分担
divide ...between/among ... 在……之间分配……
be divided in/into 被分开；被(划)分成……
(经典佳句)As time went on, the division between the two countries have healed over.
随着时间的流逝，两国之间的分歧已经弥合了。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The division (divide) between the developed countries and developing countries is still huge.
②How to divide labor among the workers is still a question.
③When you go to the library, you will find all of the books are divided into different categories.
[写美]　完成句子
④Heavier taxation might narrow the division between rich and poor.
加大税收力度也许会缩小贫富间的差距。
[名师指津]　表示把某物分成几部分，可与in和into连用。其区别是：若divide后面只有数词(即数词后没有名词)，则可用in或into；若divide后的数词后接有名词，则通常只能用into。如：Divide the apple in/into four (into four parts)．
3．bring forth 使产生，使出现
(教材P45)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。
bring about　 造成，引起，带来
bring down 使……降低
bring in 介绍，引进；赚得，挣
bring out 生产(新产品)；(尤指)出版；使显现，激发
bring up 提出(议题等)；抚养；呕吐
(经典佳句)These efforts will surely bring forth good fruits.
这些努力必将产生良好的结果。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The government is taking effective measures to bring down the house prices.
②The invention and the use of the computer brought about great changes in the society.
③His job brings in 1,000 dollars a month for him.
④His father died when he was young, and he was brought up by his mother.
⑤I hope to bring out my new book in the spring of next year.
[写美]　完成句子
⑥A good friend can bring out/forth the best in a person.
一个好朋友能使一个人表现出最好的一面。
4．dedicate v．致力于，献身于
(教材P45)Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth, upon this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
87年前，我们的先辈在这块大陆上创立了一个新的国家，它孕育于自由之中，献身于人人生而平等的理想。
(1)dedicate oneself to (doing) sth.　　　　 致力于(做)某事，献身于(做)某事
(2)dedicated adj. 献身的；专心致志的；一心一意的
be dedicated to (doing) sth. 致力于(做)某事，献身于(做)某事
(3)dedication n. 献身，奉献
(经典佳句)The most honorable thing that I can do is to dedicate myself to my country and strive for my ideal.
能够献身于自己祖国的事业，为实现理想而奋斗，这是我能做得最光荣的事情了。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①He had decided at the age of ten to dedicate himself to his country's cause.
②China will continue to be dedicated to promoting (promote) international cooperation in this area.
③Without your unselfish dedication (dedicate) we could achieve no success today.
[写美]　一句多译
④这位科学家终生致力于保护野生鸟类。
→The scientist dedicated himself to protecting wild birds all his life.
→The scientist was dedicated to protecting wild birds all his life.
5．influential adj.有影响力的
(教材P47)Edgar Snow was an American journalist who wrote influential books and articles about China in the 1930s.
埃德加·斯诺是一位美国记者，他在20世纪30年代撰写了有关中国的有影响力的书籍和文章。
(1)be influential in (doing) sth.　 对(做)某事有影响
(2)influence n. 影响，作用
v. 影响，对……起作用
have an influence on/upon 对……有影响
under the influence of ... 在……的影响下
influence sb. to do sth. 影响某人去做某事
(经典佳句)Chaplin was among the most influential figures in film history.
卓别林是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Confucius is considered to be one of the most influential (influence) figures in Chinese history.
②We have to admit that the social media has a powerful influence on/upon public opinion.
③Under the influence of a high school biology teacher, he took up the study of medicine.
④What influenced you to choose (choose) a career in nursing
[写美]　完成句子
⑤Watching TV for a long time has a great influence on/upon children's health.
长时间看电视对孩子的健康有很大的影响。
句型公式：动词不定式短语作定语
(教材P44)His speech gave them hope, belief and a reason to look to the future.
他的演说给了民众希望、信念以及展望未来的理由。
(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及the next, the only, the last, the very等词修饰时，常用动词不定式作后置定语；
(2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词是抽象名词，常见的有：plan, ability, chance, opportunity, time, way等。
(经典佳句)Lang Ping, head coach of the Chinese women's volleyball team, has become the first to win gold medals at the Olympics both as a coach and player.
中国女排主教练郎平成为第一位既以运动员的身份又作为教练获得女排奥运冠军的人。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①He is always the first to bear (bear) hardships and the last to enjoy (enjoy) comforts.
②I don't think he is the best man to do (do) the job because he is very careless.
③The ability to express (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
[写美]　完成句子
④I still have no reason to doubt his words.
我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。
维度一　品句填词
1．As he mounted (登上) the stage, the entire audience broke into loud applause.
2．Life without liberty (自由) is like a body without spirit.
3．The firefighters are making joint (共同的) efforts to get the mountain fire under control.
4．The love story unfolds against a background of civil (国内的) war.
5．Mulan disguised herself as a man so she could fight on the battlefield (战场)．
6．Only a small portion (一部分) of the budget is spent on books.
7．The former plan has been given up altogether (完全)since the new manager took over.
8．The slaves (奴隶) of the old society have become the masters of the new society.
9．The director decided to cast her as an ambitious lawyer in his latest movie.
10．It is not realistic to expect all kids to succeed in their study.
维度二　词形转换
1．When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．
2．John Adams was one of the most influential (influence) and important statesmen in the early American history.
3．Finally, the two companies failed to negotiate a mutually (mutual) acceptable new contract.
4．We can build a harmonious (harmony) society on condition that everyone behaves himself.
5．The river has become a natural division (divide) between the south and the north.
6．But the truth is that this happens for only a minority (minor) of patients.
7．He is totally dedicated (dedicate) and brings out the best in his pupils.
8．This event tests both physical and mental endurance (endure)．
维度三　固定搭配和句式
1．As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be quiet, but in vain (徒劳无功)．
2．He founded the charity in memory of (为了纪念) his late wife.
3．The first time you go abroad, you may experience a culture shock (文化冲击)．
4．The programme offers young people the chance to gain work experience (获得工作经验的机会)．
5．It's obvious that what he said just now (他刚才说的) is wrong.
6．If you want to obtain knowledge, you must learn step by step (一步一步地)．
PAGE
13(共63张PPT)
A鱼Using language
Grammar——it作形式主语
一、语法图解
二、语法突破
1．概念
it作为形式主语，代替句子的逻辑主语，并无实际词义。这可以保持句子的结构平衡，避免主语太长，显得头重脚轻。
2．用法
it作为形式主语主要分为几种情况：
(1)It is/was＋形容词＋(for sb.)＋动词不定式
强调动作特征的形容词(如easy，difficult，hard，important，possible，wise等)常用于此句型。为了强调不定式动作的执行者，常在不定式前加for sb.。
It is necessary for us to master some basic living skills.
我们有必要掌握一些基本的生活技能。
(2)It is/was＋形容词＋(of sb.)＋动词不定式
表示心理品质或性格特征的形容词常用于此类句型，如kind，nice，stupid，clever，foolish，polite，impolite，silly，selfish，considerate等，动作的逻辑主语和这些形容词可以构成主系表结构，因此这样的句式也可转化为“sb.＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”。
It is foolish of you to trust a person like him.
→You are foolish to trust a person like him.
你相信像他这样的人是愚蠢的。
(3)It is/was＋名词(短语)＋动词不定式
It is our duty to help the weak and the poor.
扶弱济贫是我们的责任。
(4)It is/was＋名词/形容词＋动词 ing形式
常用的名词和形容词：no good，no use，a waste of time，useless。
It is no use arguing about the matter with him.
和他争论这件事是没有用的。
(5)It is/was＋形容词＋主语从句
It is uncertain whether the project will be completed this fall.
这个项目能否在今年秋天完成还不确定。
(6)It is/was＋名词(短语)＋主语从句
常用的名词：a fact，a pity，a shame，a surprise等。
It is no surprise that he has been accepted by the company.
他被这家公司录用了，这并不奇怪。
(7)It is/was＋过去分词＋主语从句
用于此类句型的过去分词有said，reported，thought，announced，believed，suggested，decided，hoped等。
It is believed that the boy will soon recover from the operation.
人们相信这个男孩手术后不久就会康复。
(8)It＋seems/appears/happens＋主语从句
It appears that people are more dependent on the Internet.
人们似乎更依赖互联网了。
(9)It＋及物动词＋宾语＋动词不定式
It took the workers three years to complete the project.
工人们花了三年时间完成这项工程。
3．形式主语it与强调句中it的差别
形式主语it it是句子的形式主语，真正的主语是句尾that引导的主语从句，去除句中的it和that则句子失去完整性。
强调句中it 强调句结构为“It is/was＋被强调成分＋that＋句子其余成分”，结构词it is/was和that都无实际意义，删掉it is/was及that后句子仍然意义完整。
It is strange that he should say I am unfair.(it作形式主语)
真奇怪，他竟然说我不公平。
It was in the park that they fell in love with each other at the first sight.(强调句中it)
他们是在这个公园里一见钟情的。
1．harmonious adj.和睦的，融洽的；协调的；悦耳的
(教材P42)Rather, it's about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.
相反，这是国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和相互理解的世界，使我们都能享受到互利。
harmony n．　　　　　　 相处融洽，和谐
in harmony with 与……协调一致
out of harmony with 与……不协调一致
(经典佳句)If everyone can reach out a helping hand to others, the world around us will be more and more harmonious.
如果每个人都能伸出援助之手，那我们的世界将会变得越来越和谐。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①We are trying to form a harmonious (harmony) society.
②Only when people live in harmony with each other can we have a stable society.
③When children grow up, their ideas may sometimes be out of harmony with their parents' thoughts.
[写美]　完成句子
④Although there are wars, I believe it's possible for all countries to live in harmony with each other in the future.
虽然有战争，但我相信未来所有国家和睦相处是可能的。
2．rewarding adj.值得做的，有意义的
(教材P42)It was rewarding to see how our work helped bring people together from different cultures.
看到我们的工作如何帮助不同文化的人们走到一起，这是值得的。
(1)reward n．　　　　　 奖励；回报；报酬
v. 奖励；奖赏；给……以报酬
in reward for ... 为了酬谢或报答……
as a reward for 作为对……的奖励/报酬，为了表彰……
(2)reward sb.for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事报答/奖赏某人
reward sb.with ... 用……报答/回报某人
(经典佳句)Life for the successful doctor can be emotionally and financially rewarding.
对于事业有成的医生来说，生活在精神和物质两方面都能令人满足。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①One of the advantages of teaching is that it's so rewarding (reward) to work with children.
②In reward for his timely help, I decided to treat him to a seafood dinner.
③The government rewarded him for saving the old man in the river.
④He rewarded the boy with ＄10 for bringing back his lost dog.
[写美]　完成句子
⑤As a reward for his bravery, a gold medal was given to the soldier.
为了表彰他的勇敢，这个士兵被授予一块金牌。
维度一　基础题型练
1．It's necessary for us to use (use) a short wave radio to pick up the programmes.
2．It was foolish of him to give up the job.
3．It is no good buying (buy) a car if you can't drive.
4．It was a pity that the engineer couldn't come on time.
5．It is common knowledge that the earth goes around the sun.
6．It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.
7．It was considerate of him to send me a birthday gift.
8．It's no good taking (take) over the experience of foreign countries uncritically.
9．It is hoped that the number of deer will greatly increase very soon.
10．It seemed that they were quite interested in the given topic.
维度二　语法与写作
1．It is everyone's duty to obey the law.
遵守法律是每个人的义务。
2．It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese.
对于一个外国人来说，学习汉语是困难的。
3．It is a waste of time watching TV.
看电视浪费时间。
4．It is strange that no one wants to go there.
奇怪的是没有人想要去那里。
5．It is reported that more than twenty people were killed in that bus accident.
据报道，在那次的公共汽车事故中有二十多人丧生。
维度三　以语段形式练习语法
I have studied English for six years.It was difficult for me 1.to remember (remember) new words at first.I tried every means, but it was no use 2.reciting (recite) them over and over again.3.It was very kind of you to offer me some suggestions.It is necessary 4.to understand (understand) its meaning in sentences.It is no wonder 5.that your English is good.It 6.is requested (request) that everyone should master proper methods of learning.7.It was a shame I hadn't asked you for help earlier.I will try my best to improve my English.It is hoped 8.that I will pass the TOEFL and have a chance to study abroad.Thanks for your help.I would be grateful if you could give me a reply soon.
PAGE
5(共22张PPT)
A鱼
概念
Itis/was+形容词+( for sb.)+动词不定式
Itis/was+形容词+(ofsb.)+动词不定式
Itis/was+名词(短语)+动词不定式
Itis/was+名词/形容词+动词-ing形式
作形式主语
Itis/was+形容词+主语从句
用法
Itis/was+名词(短语)+主语从句
Itis/was+过去分词+主语从句
It+seems/ appears/ happens+主语从句
It+及物动词+宾语+动词不定式
形式主语让与强调句中i的差别Starting out & Understanding ideas
Some Facts You Need to Know about Ebola (埃博拉)
◇What is Ebola
Ebola is a virus caused haemorrhagic fever (出血热) that spreads through contact with bodily fluids (体液)．The virus was first identified and named after a river in the DRC (刚果金) — then known as Zaire — that was near the location of the first known outbreak in 1976.
◇The symptoms the infected usually have
High fever, weakness, muscle pain, a headache and a sore throat are often followed by vomiting and diarrhoea (腹泻), kidney and liver failure, internal and external bleeding.
◇How dangerous is Ebola
The virus is highly infectious, making it difficult to contain especially in urban environments.The average death rate from Ebola is around 50 percent, according to the World Health Organization (WHO)．The worst Ebola outbreak started in December 2013 in southern Guinea and spread to neighboring West African countries Liberia and Sierra Leone, claiming the lives of over 11,300 people from the 29,000 registered cases (病例)．
◇Treatment and control
At present there is no licensed (得到正式许可的) drug to prevent or treat Ebola although a range of experimental drugs are in development.To contain the spread of the virus, patients and people who have contacted them are routinely isolated (隔离的)．
[理解]　Read the passage and answer the following questions.1．When did Ebola first break out In 1976.2．List the symptoms of the infected patients.High fever, weakness, muscle pain, a headache, a sore throat, vomiting, diarrhoea, kidney and liver failure, internal and external bleeding.3．Why is Ebola a dangerous disease Because it is highly infectious and the average death rate from Ebola is high.Besides, there is no licensed drug to prevent or treat Ebola. [积累]　1．virus n．　病毒2．identify v. 发现；确认；鉴定3．be named after 以……命名4．outbreak n. 爆发，突然发生5．claim v. (灾难、事故等)夺走，夺去(生命)6．contain v. 控制，防止……蔓延(或恶化)
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
MY 100 DAYS WITH MSF
22 March 2015
Today we celebrate.[1]It's exactly one month since the last reported case①. [2]But it is vital② not to take any chances③. So, 20 health care workers from almost as many countries, comrades④ in arms, raise virtual⑤ glasses to each other.
[1]本句为“It is＋时间段＋since从句”句型，意为“自从某事发生以来已经多长时间了”，since引导时间状语从句。
[2]本句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语not to take any chances作真正的主语。
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.[3]When I saw the tragic⑥ scenes⑦ on the news, I felt it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help. I knew I was putting my life at risk⑧， but I thought, “If I don't do it, who will？” [4]It is important to remember that Ebola⑨ doesn't respect national boundaries⑩. There are no borders for doctors, for patients or for anyone else [5]involved in combating this terrible disease.
[3]When引导时间状语从句；it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help为宾语从句，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to go there and offer my help作真正的主语。
[4]It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to remember ...作真正的主语；that引导宾语从句。
[5]过去分词短语involved in combating this terrible disease作后置定语，修饰anyone else。
My mission was [6]to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting . Emma spent an hour with me in the staff room talking me through the daily routine .[7]As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.Later, Emma introduced me to some of the others working for or alongside MSF：Wilton, a young local man, [8]who helped carry the very sick into the treatment clinic and who disinfected clothing and surfaces; Maisy, a retired public health official from Darwin, Australia, [9]whose local team of volunteers educated people on preventing infection; Alfonso, a soft spoken Argentinian doctor in his 50s, [10]who had previously worked on Ebola outbreaks in Sierra Leone and Guinea.The list went on.I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all ages, colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica.With each person [11]I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, [12]whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
[6]动词不定式短语to relieve Emma在句中作表语；名词短语a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting作名词Emma的同位语。
[7]As引导时间状语从句。
[8]and连接两个由who引导的非限制性定语从句，均修饰名词Wilton。
①case n．病例；病案
②vital adj.极其重要的
③take any chances 抓住任何机会；心存侥幸
④comrade n．同志；朋友
⑤virtual adj.虚拟的
⑥tragic adj.悲惨的，不幸的
⑦scene n．场面；情景
⑧put ...at risk 把……置于危险之中
⑨Ebola n．埃博拉病毒
⑩boundary n．分界线；边界
national boundary国界
border n．边界；国界
be involved in 参与；被卷入
combat v．防止，抑制
mission n．使命，任务
relieve v．给(某人)换班
specialist n．专家
infectious adj.传染性的
posting n．派驻；外派
staff n．全体职工(或雇员)
daily routine 日常事务
alongside prep.与……一起
clinic n．诊所；门诊部
disinfect v．为……消毒，给……杀菌
previously adv.以前，先前
outbreak n．爆发，突然发生
devotion n．奉献
[9]whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Maisy。
[10]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰名词Alfonso。
[11]I met为定语从句，修饰each person。
[12]whose引导非限制性定语从句，修饰this extraordinary team。
In the few weeks since then, I have come to know these people very well.We have worked together, [13]surrounded by blood, vomit and death.But, although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
[13]过去分词短语surrounded by blood, vomit and death作状语。
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here in the back of a van.All of them were infected.The twin girls and their parents soon died.We knew there was little hope for the brothers but we did everything [14]we could to save them.When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed to see that against all odds， both boys were still alive.Pascal and Daniel have since made a full recovery.This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
[14]we could为定语从句，修饰不定代词everything；动词不定式短语to save them作目的状语。
[15]To be caught up in such a crisis creates powerful bonds between people, not only between carers and patients, but also between all those [16]who have come from different parts of the world and joined together in a common cause.[17]It is so inspiring to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy, and Alfonso, not to mention all the others I have worked with.
[15]动词不定式短语作主语。
[16]who引导定语从句，修饰代词those。
[17]It作形式主语；动词不定式短语to have colleagues like Wilton, Maisy, Alfonso作真正的主语；I have worked with为定语从句，修饰the others。
Now my time is almost up.In a few days, someone else will arrive to step into my shoes， and the tireless work that the MSF members do in more than 70 countries and regions around the world will go on.In a world [18]still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
[18]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词world。
vomit n．呕吐物
death rate死亡率
give up放弃
miracle n．意外的幸运事；奇迹
van n．小型货车
twin adj.双胞胎的
ward n．病房
against all odds尽管困难重重
make a full recovery 痊愈，完全康复
unexpected adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的
compensate v．弥补，补偿
be caught up in牵扯进，卷入
crisis n．危机
not to mention 不用说；更不必说
step into sb.'s shoes 接替某人的工作(位置)
collaborate v．合作，协作
prosperity n．兴旺，繁荣，昌盛
[参考译文]
与无国界医生奋战100天
2015年3月22日
我们今天庆祝了一番，因为距离发现上一个报告病例已经整整一个月了。但重要的是我们不能心存侥幸。所以，我们这20位来自世界各地的医护人员，也是战友们，假装举杯，互相庆祝。
大约三个月前，我随无国界医生一起来到利比里亚。当我从新闻上看到一幅幅凄惨的画面时，我觉得作为医生我有责任到那里去帮忙。我知道这样做是在冒生命危险，但是我想：“假如我不去做，又有谁会去呢？”重要的是要记住，埃博拉病毒传播起来是不分国界的。医生、病人或者任何被迫与这种可怕的疾病抗衡的人都是不分国界的。
我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。我和埃玛在办公室用了一个小时交接日常工作。她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。接着，埃玛向我介绍了几个人，他们都是无国界医生的工作人员，或者同该组织一起工作的人：威尔顿是一位当地的年轻人，他帮忙把重症患者带进治疗所，负责衣物及皮肤表面消毒；迈西来自澳大利亚的达尔文市，是一名退休的公共卫生官员，他带领当地的志愿者团队给人们进行预防传染培训；阿方索是一位五十来岁的阿根廷医生，说起话来温声细语，曾参与抗击前几次塞拉利昂和几内亚爆发的埃博拉病毒。埃玛还介绍了其他人。这些人来自除南极洲外的世界各地，各种年龄、肤色、信仰都有，而我发现自己是其中唯一一位中国医生。能够和在这里遇到的人一起成为这个杰出小组的一员，我心中的自豪感油然而生，大家的双眼中都熠熠闪耀着奉献精神的光芒。
接下来的几个礼拜里，我已经开始和大家熟稔起来。我们一起工作，周围充斥着血液、呕吐物和死亡。不过，虽然死亡率极高，但是我们永远不会放弃任何一个患者，何况我们的努力有时真的会产生奇迹。
就在我刚刚来到这儿的时候，有一家六口躺在小货车的车斗里被运了过来。他们全都被感染了。不久，其中一对双胞胎姐妹和她们的父母就去世了。我们知道，剩下的兄弟俩也希望渺茫，但是我们竭尽所能去救治他们。第二天早上，我们去病房探望时惊讶地发现，虽然历经千险，两个男孩仍然活了下来。此后，帕斯卡尔和丹尼尔的病痊愈了。相对其他没有那么幸运的病例来说，这次小小的却出乎意料的成功是一种弥补。
患难与共的经历在人与人之间建立了紧密的纽带，不仅仅在于医护人员与患者之间，还在于所有来自世界各地、因为共同事业聚在一起的人们之间。有威尔顿、迈西和阿方索这样的同事已令我倍感鼓舞，更别提其他所有和我们一起共事的人了。
如今我的任期也快结束了。几天后，另一个人就会到达这里，接替我的工作。而无国界医生的成员们将在全世界超过70个国家与地区继续不知疲倦地工作着。这个世界仍然面临着许多问题，我们所有人都必须团结合作，打造一个共享和平繁荣未来的“地球村”。
Step One：Pre reading
What do you know about MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières) Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the box if you have known the fact.
□It was founded on 20 December 1971 in Paris.
□It is an international organization composed of medical professionals from various countries.
□It provides humanitarian medical aid in nearly 60 countries.
□It handles emergencies caused by war, infectious disease and natural disasters.
□ In 1999, it received the Nobel Peace Prize.
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
The text mainly tells us a Chinese doctor's experience while working with medical staff from MSF in combating Ebola in Liberia.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Why did so many doctors get together in Liberia
A．Because there was an important international conference in Liberia.
B．Because they wanted to take chances to work in Liberia.
C．Because there was a terrible disease in Liberia.
D．Because there are no borders for doctors, or for patients.
2．What do all the doctors have in common working in Liberia
A．They are all volunteers.
B．They are all preventing inflection.
C．They are all public health officials.
D．They are all specialists from other countries.
3．What can we know about Alfonso from the text
A．He has retired for at least 5 years.
B．He once worked in Africa.
C．He feels proud of his staff.
D．He was a bit frightened by the rate of death.
4．What can we learn from the fifth paragraph
A．The author had been there for several months.
B．The members in one family are in danger.
C．The parents were too old to recover.
D．The success was a less fortunate case.
答案：1～4　CABB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I arrived in Liberia with MSF almost three months ago.I felt 1.it was my duty as a doctor to go there and offer my help.
My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in 2.infectious (infect) diseases at the end of her posting.Emma spent an hour with me 3.talking (talk) me through the daily routine.Later, Emma introduced me 4.to some of the others working for or alongside MSF.I found that I was the only Chinese doctor among people of all 5.ages (age), colours and beliefs, from every continent except Antarctica.
In the few weeks since then, I 6.have come (come) to know these people very well.Although the death rate is very high, we will never give up on a patient, and our efforts do sometimes end in miracles.
Just after my arrival, a family of six were brought here, all of 7.whom were infected.The twin girls and their parents soon died.We knew there 8.was (be) little hope for the brothers but we did everything we could to save them.When we visited the ward the next morning, we were amazed 9.to see (see) that against all odds, both boys were still alive.
In a world still facing so many problems, it is 10.absolutely (absolute) essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．a children's ward　一间儿童病房
2．tackle this thorny problem 处理这个棘手的问题
3．a specialist in diseases of the nervous system 一位神经系统疾病专家
4．a dental clinic 一家牙科诊所
5．according to official statistics 根据官方的统计数字
6．cross the boundary 越过边界
7．disinfect the wound 给伤口消毒
8．the history of mankind 人类的历史
9．highly infectious 传染性很高
10．play a vital role in our society 在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用
11．The old scientist is devoted to studying space, and the spirit of devotion deserves learning from.He said he would go on devoting himself to the science field.(devote)
12．Tom is an assistant teacher in the college.He often assists the students with their problems and gives assistance to any student in need.(assist)
13．How relieved we felt when the trouble suddenly disappeared! It was a real relief! (relieve)
1．动词＋ance变名词集锦
①perform→performance
②annoy→annoyance
③assist→assistance
④appear→appearance
2．以ous结尾的形容词
①curious　　好奇的　　②obvious 明显的
③ambitious 有抱负的 ④various 多种多样的
⑤generous 慷慨的 ⑥humorous 诙谐的，幽默的　　　　
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．Some women do manage to achieve business success against all odds (尽管困难重重)．
2．The doctors are confident that he'll make a full recovery (完全康复) in three months.
3．This new medicine is expected to reduce the death rate (死亡率) of the disease.
4．You may put yourself at risk (把你自己置于危险之中)if you don't follow the safety rules.
5．When Bill's father died, he had to step into his father's shoes (接替他父亲的工作)．
6．Once they get an idea into their heads, they never give up (放弃)．
7．She needed to break away from her daily routine (日常事务) and do something exciting.
8．He said he had not enough money for food, not to mention (更不必说) books.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句]　It's exactly one month since the last reported case.
[句式分析]　“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型
[佳句仿写]　It is three years since the two brothers parted.
兄弟俩分开已经三年了。
2．[教材原句]　My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
[句式分析]　动词不定式短语作表语
[佳句仿写]　The main purpose of our campaign is to raise money.
我们这次活动的主要目的就是募款。
3．[教材原句]　As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
[句式分析]　as引导时间状语从句
[佳句仿写]　As he listened to the music, his eyes were filled with tears.
他听着音乐时，眼睛里浸满了泪水。
1．assist v．协助，帮助
(教材P38)It assists people based on need, regardless of which country they are from.
它根据需要帮助人们，不管他们来自哪个国家。
(1)assist sb.with sth.　　　　　 帮助某人某事
assist sb.to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助，援助
come to one's assistance 援助某人
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理
(经典佳句)To preserve a friend, three things are required：to honour him present, praise him absent, and assist him in his necessities.
维持友谊需要三点：当面尊重他，背后赞扬他，需要时帮助他。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The nurses assisted the doctor with the preparation of the medicine.
②Bill assisted his friend Mike to establish (establish) a new company.
③China will continue to increase its assistance (assist) to African countries.
④I have such a good command of English that I am elected as the assistant (assist) to my English teacher.
[写美]　一句多译
⑤我认为你应该帮助你妈妈做家务活。
→I think you should assist your mother to do the housework.
→I think you should assist your mother in doing the housework.
2．relieve v．给(某人)换班，接替；解除；减轻(问题的严重性)，缓和(不快或痛苦)；调剂，使有趣
(教材P38)My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。
(1)relieve sb.of ...　　　解除某人的(负担、职务等)，将某人从……中解脱出来
(2)relief n. 减轻，缓解；宽慰，轻松
to one's relief＝to the relief of sb. 令某人感到欣慰的是
in relief 如释重负；松了口气
(3)relieved adj. 感到宽慰的，放心的
(经典佳句)At six o'clock the night nurse came in to relieve her.
六点钟的时候夜班护士来接她的班。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①All this was done to relieve women workers of household chores.
②My parents were relieved (relieve) that I was unhurt, but they were angry that I had done such a risky thing.
③Seeing her son return home safely, she smiled in relief.
④To his great relief, the engine of the car came to life at last.
[写美]　完成句子
⑤Your timely help relieved me of the difficult situation.
你及时的帮助使我摆脱了困境。
3．infectious adj.传染性的
(教材P38)My mission was to relieve Emma, a Canadian specialist in infectious diseases at the end of her posting.
我的任务是接替埃玛，她是一位加拿大传染病专家，任期届满。
(1)infect v．　　　　　　 传染；使感染
be infected with 被传染上……；被……感染
(2)infection n. 传染，感染；传染病
(经典佳句)Laughter is one of the most infectious expressions of emotion.
笑是最具感染力的情感表达方式之一。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①These viruses can easily affect children and are highly infectious (infect)．
②If you are bitten by a dog, you may be infected (infect) with a terrible disease — rabies (狂犬病)．
③One theory is that the infection (infect) has been present in humans for a very long time.
[写美]　完成句子
④These young people were infected with the revolutionary enthusiasm.
这些年轻人被革命热情所感染。
4．devotion n．奉献
(教材P39)With each person I met, I felt a growing sense of pride as part of this extraordinary team, whose devotion to the cause shone from their eyes.
能够和在这里遇到的人一起成为这个杰出小组的一员，我心中的自豪感油然而生，大家的双眼中都熠熠闪耀着奉献精神的光芒。
(1)devote v．　　　　　　 致力，献身，倾注
devote ...to ... 把……奉献于/投入到……中(to为介词)
devote oneself to 献身于；致力于；专心投入于
(2)devoted adj. 忠诚的；挚爱的；全心全意的
be devoted to (doing) sth. 献身于；致力于；专心投入于
(经典佳句)Everybody spoke in praise of her devotion to the cause of education.
大家异口同声地称赞她献身教育事业的精神。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Every step forward taken by us contains your selfless effort and devotion (devote)．
②Devoted (devote) to scientific research wholeheartedly, he spends little time with his family.
③You will never gain success unless you are devoted to your work.
④Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we devote ourselves to building (build) a harmonious society.
[写美]　句型转换
⑤He devoted himself to social welfare and gained people's respect.
→Devoting himself to social welfare, he gained people's respect.(现在分词作状语)
→Devoted to social welfare, he gained people's respect.(过去分词作状语)
5．compensate v．弥补，补偿
(教材P39)This small but unexpected success compensated for many other less fortunate cases.
相对其他没有那么幸运的病例来说，这次小小的却出乎意料的成功是一种弥补。
(1)compensate for　　　　 赔偿，补偿
compensate sb.for sth. 因为某事补偿某人
(2)compensation n. 补偿，赔偿；赔偿金，补偿金
(经典佳句)Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.
没有什么能弥补失去的时间。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Luckily, her intelligence compensates for her lack of experience.
②He received a large sum of money as a compensation (compensate) for his loss in the fire.
[写美]　完成句子
③The insurance company will compensate you for your loss in the accident.
保险公司将赔偿你在事故中的损失。
6．collaborate v．合作，协作
(教材P39)In a world still facing so many problems, it is absolutely essential for us all to collaborate to create a global community with a shared future of peace and prosperity.
这个世界仍然面临着许多问题，我们所有人都必须团结合作，打造一个共享和平繁荣未来的“地球村”。
(1)collaborate with sb.on sth.　 和某人在某事上合作
collaborate with sb.in doing sth. 和某人合作做某事
(2)collaboration n. 合作，协作
in collaboration with 与……合作
(经典佳句)The marketing department has to collaborate closely with the sales department on this project.
在这个项目上，市场部需要与销售部密切配合协作。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Our college would like to collaborate with yours on this program.
②The two companies are working in close collaboration (collaborate) with each other.
[写美]　完成句子
③She agreed to collaborate with him in writing her biography.
她同意与他合作撰写她的传记。
1．句型公式：“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型
(教材P38)It's exactly one month since the last reported case.
距离发现上一个报告病例已经整整一个月了。
(1)“It be＋一段时间＋since ...”句型，意为“自从……已有多长时间了”。主句谓语为is或has been时，since从句用一般过去时；主句谓语为was时，since从句用过去完成时。
(2)since从句中的谓语动词为短暂性动词时，意为“自从某人做某事已有多长时间了”；若从句中的谓语动词用延续性动词时，则意为“自从某人不做某事已有多长时间了”。
(经典佳句)It is many years since he passed away, but he still lives on in our heart.
他已经去世很多年了，但他仍然活在我们心中。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①It's been six years since we last saw (see) each other.
②He said it was ten years since he had graduated (graduate) from this school.
[写美]　完成句子
③It is ten years since he left his hometown.
自从他离开家乡已经有十年了。
2．句型公式：as引导状语从句
(教材P38)As she talked, I could hear at least three different languages being spoken at the tables around us.
她说话的时候，我可以听到隔壁桌传过来的谈话声，至少混着三种不同的语言。
(1)as引导时间状语从句，意为 “随着；一边……一边……；当……时”， 多强调主句和从句中的动作或状态同时发生。
(2)as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为，由于”。
(3)as引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管”，从句通常用倒装语序(把从句的表语、状语或动词原形放在as前面，单数可数名词提前时不用冠词)。
(4)as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照，依照”。
(5)as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”，从句常省略与主句相同的部分。
(经典佳句)When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
入乡随俗。
[练透]　一词多义(猜测加彩单词的含义)
①As the story develops, the truth about the mysterious figure is slowly discovered.随着
②As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.因为，由于
③Try as you may, you won't be able to persuade him.虽然，尽管
④You should do as the teacher tells you.按照，依照
⑤I don't speak English so well as an native speaker.像……一样
[写美]　句型转换：将下列句子改为as引导的让步状语从句
⑥Though he is a child, he likes to be treated like an adult.
→Child as he is, he likes to be treated like an adult.
⑦Though he is young, he knows as many as five languages.
→Young as he is, he knows as many as five languages.
维度一　品句填词
1．Mankind (人类) must put an end to war, or war will put an end to us.
2．The doctors said that the man's full recovery was a miracle (奇迹)．
3．The boundary (分界线) of an area of land is an imaginary line that separates it from other areas.
4．These measures have played a vital (极其重要的) role in restoring the economy.
5．When he came to himself, he found himself in a ward (病房)．
6．We'd better consult a specialist (专家) at this critical moment.
7．The clinic (诊所) opened for business last October and since then it has treated more than 200 people.
8．Survivors were given ＄30,000 each to help compensate (补偿) for their losses.
9．You can use boiling water to disinfect baby's bottles and toys.
10．We decide that the best way to tackle the problem is to set up a new school in that area.
维度二　词形转换
1．He is respected by his students for his devotion (devote) to the cause of education.
2．We attach great importance to the close collaboration (collaborate) with your company.
3．Whenever he is in trouble, his best friend always comes to his assistance (assist)．
4．Statistics (statistic) show that far more people are willing to ride a bicycle than to drive a car.
5．An infectious (infect) disease can be passed easily from one person to another, especially through the air they breathe.
6．All students breathed a sigh of relief (relieve) when the teacher finally left.
7．The twins (twin) were separated at birth and brought up in entirely different environments.
8．She really didn't want to be involved (involve) in the whole family thing.
维度三　固定搭配和句式
1．Your behaviour will put yourself at risk (把你自己置于危险之中)．
2．Sue is expected to make a full recovery (痊愈) in a week or so.
3．You'll have to step into my shoes (接替我的工作) when I'm away.
4．It has been ten years since I graduated from university (自从我大学毕业)．
5．As I turned around (当我转身的时候), I accidentally hit the vase on the table.
6．Our main aim is to increase sales in Europe (增加在欧洲的销量)．
PAGE
16(共75张PPT)
素养目标
单元知识抢先知
文化意识
必记单词
(主题语境:人与社会——打破边界)
学习优秀人物面对边
界限制时所做出的努力、斗 boundary
statistic
重点短语
争和突破,学习他们创新的
assist
tackle take any chances
思维方式和坚定的勇气,努
vital
relleve
力打破边界,创造一个更加
put… at risk
公平、和谐的世界。
specialist infectious
be involved in
思维品质
clinIc
disinfect
give up
思考产生边界问题的
outbreak
devotion
against all odds
原因、打破边界的重要意义twin
ward
makeafu recovery
经典句型
以及打破边界的方法,最终
compensate collaborate
创造一个更加和谐、美好的
not to mention
mankind
realistic
“be+一段时间+
世界。
step into sb.s shoes
核心语法
学习能力
minority
cast
sInce
句型
in memory of
基于单元提供的多模
joint
harmonious
2动词不定式短语作
态语篇,综合运用各种语言 mutual
rewarding
at a great cost
it作形式主语
表
技能,读懂与打破边界相关 mount
civil Set down
的语篇内容,恰当运用所学
division step by step
3.as引导的状语从句
civilian
词汇和表达描述与边界相关
话题写作
liberty
dedicate bring forth
4.动词不定式短语作
的问题。
altogether
nobly be engaged in
定
写一篇演讲稿
语言能力匚> influential communist in vain
5wha引导宾语从句
单元话
题导入
A鱼

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