资源简介

UNIT 3 Times change!
回顾单元知识
一、核心单词
1．decade n．　　　　　　　　　　 十年；十年期
2．elderly adj. 年老的
3．tablet n. 平板电脑
4．bunch n. 一群，一伙
5．shelf n. 搁板，架子
6．mist n. 薄雾，雾霭
7．brick n. 砖，砖块
8．saleswoman n. 女销售员
9．leadership n. 领导；领导地位
10．organic adj. 有机的；绿色的
11．jazz n. 爵士乐
12．humble adj. 简陋的
13．journalist n. 新闻工作者；新闻记者
14．era n. 时代，年代
15．reform n. 改进；改革
16．alongside prep. (与……)一起
17．initiative n. 倡议
18．solid adj. 坚实的
19．occupation n. 工作，职业
20．cafeteria n. 自助餐厅
21．component n. 组成部分
22．category n. 类别
23．soul n. 精神
24．facilitate v. 促进；使便利
25．secondary adj. 次要的，第二位的
26．comic n. 连环漫画
27．costume n. 化妆服
Ⅰ.用左栏单词的适当形式填空
1．The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last decade.
2．Before bricks were invented, houses were built of wood.
3．A saleswoman is a woman who sells things, either in a shop or directly to customers on behalf of a company.
4．Respect and understanding provide a solid foundation for marriage.
5．A journalist is a person whose job is to collect news and write about it for newspapers, magazines, television, or radio.
6．Experience is what matters most while age is of secondary importance.
7．It marks the beginning of a new era in human history.
8．My home is humble but there is no place in the world which is more comfortable than it.
9．I'm sure the new trade agreement will facilitate further cooperation between your company and our company.
10．A cafeteria is a restaurant where you choose your food from a counter and take it to your table after paying for it.
二、拓展单词
1．fixture n．固定存在物→fix v．使固定，安装；决定，确定(日期、时间、数量等)；修理，校准→fixed adj.固定的；不变的
2．sympathy n．同情→sympathetic adj.同情的，有同情心的，表示同情的
3．dusty adj.布满灰尘的→dust n．灰尘，尘土
4．furniture n．家具→furnish v．布置；为(房间或建筑物)配备家具陈设→furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的
5．compete v．竞争→competition n．比赛，竞赛；竞争→competitor n．竞争者，对手；参赛者，竞赛者→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的；一心求胜的
6．emphasise v．强调→emphasis n．强调；重视；重要性
7．reconstruction n．重建；修复→reconstruct v．修复；重建
8．socialist adj.社会主义的→social adj.社会的；社交的，交际的→society n．社会
9．economic adj.经济(上)的→economy n．经济
10．expand v．(使)扩大；增加→expansion n．扩张，扩展，扩大，膨胀
11．emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的→emotion n．强烈的感情；情感，情绪→emotionally adv.感情上，情绪上
12．intention n．意图，目的→intend v．打算，计划，想要→intentional adj.故意的，有意的，存心的
13．adaptation n．改编→adapt v．使适应，使适合；改编，改写→adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的
14．accessible adj.易懂的→access n．接触的机会；接近；通路 v．进入；存取(尤指电脑数据)
15．tendency n．趋势→tend v．往往会；趋向，倾向；照料，护理
16．educator n．教育工作者→educate v．教育，教导→education n．教育→educated adj.受过教育的，有教养的
17．urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地→urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的→urgency n．紧急；迫切
18．convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的→convince v．使确信，使信服；说服，劝说→convinced adj.坚信的，确信的
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It is not my intention (intend) to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection.
2．It's been years since they were dusty (dust) little rooms with books.
3．He learned braille (盲文) quickly and continued his education (educate) at Worcester College for the Blind.
4．The students selected from every class took part in the competition (compete)．
5．A company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing (convince) human sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
6．Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic (economy) policies, both at the national and the international levels.
7．The Children's Commissioner said schools and parents must now do more to prepare children for the emotional (emotion) minefield (雷区)they faced online.
8．In this box are some stem cells that are urgently (urgent) needed for a patient.
9．Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency (tend) to age more slowly than a man's.
10．Wolfgang's emphasis (emphasise) on developing positive leadership kept his managers actively involved and loyal as they successfully transformed the company into a global one.
11．He moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction (reconstruct) of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871.
三、重点短语
1．drop in/by 　　　　　　 顺便拜访
2．a bunch of 一群
3．wave goodbye to 挥手告别，向……说再见
4．take over 接收，接管，接替
5．pave the way 铺平道路；创造条件
6．be limited to 限于
7．for the first time 第一次
8．have an advantage over 有胜过……的优势
9．for good 永远
10．in good hands 在可靠(或内行)的人手里，受到很好的照料
(或关注)
11．pop up 突然出现，冒出来
12．tear down 拆毁，拆除
Ⅲ.用左栏短语的适当形式填空
1．I want to buy mum a bunch of flowers as a birthday present because she likes flowers very much.
2．He waved goodbye to his parents and left his home for New York to begin a new life.
3．Tom is said to take over the company when his father retires.
4．The applicants who are good at English have an advantage over those who are not.
5．We should tear down the old buildings and build new ones.
6．Every parent wants to make sure they're leaving their child in good hands.
四、经典句式
1．“the＋时间名词”引导状语从句
The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing (我听说彩虹书店要停业的那天) after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken.
2．关系副词引导的定语从句
The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in (一个谁都可以来这里逛逛的地方) and connect through their love of books.
3．现在分词短语作状语
Sighing deeply (深深地叹了口气), he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore.
4．“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型
People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use (使用方便快捷)．
5．“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语
Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly (怎样正确书写)．
Ⅳ.补全句子
1．The day he arrived home, it was raining heavily.
他到家的那天，正下着大雨。
2．This is the house where my parents used to live.
这就是我父母曾经居住过的房子。
3．Hearing the news, her tears flowed down.
听到这个消息，她的眼泪就流下来了。
4．These sentences are difficult to understand.
这些句子难以理解。
5．Can you tell me how to make a fire in the wild
你能告诉我在野外如何生火吗？
拓展主题词汇
1．mobile payment　　　　　　　　 移动支付
2．intellectual transportation system 智能交通系统
3．intelligent terminal 智能终端
4．artificial intelligence 人工智能
5．cloud computing 云计算
6．virtual net 虚拟网
7．digital technology 数字技术
8．space technology 太空技术
9．information technology 信息技术
10．portable computer 便携式电脑
11．text message 手机短信
12．electronic books 电子读物
13．online shopping 网购
14．remote control technology 远程遥控技术
15．social media influencer 网红
16．live commerce 直播带货
17．network anchor 网络主播
18．personal digital assistant 个人数字助理
19．surf the Internet 上网冲浪
20．reform and opening up 改革开放
21．personal information 个人信息
22．advanced science and technology 先进的科学技术
23．a variety of high tech products 各种各样的高科技产品
24．catch up with the advanced world levels
赶上世界先进水平
25．download information from the Internet
从网络下载信息
26．take on a new look 呈现新面貌
27．improve people's living standard 提高人民的生活水平
28．in the long run/term 从长远来看
29．with the rapid development of science and technology
随着科技的迅速发展
30．have a sound economic base 有很好的经济基础
PAGE
6(共25张PPT)
saleswoman
leadership
organic
jazz
humble
journalist
era
reform
alongside
initiative
solid
occupation
cafeteria
component
category
soul
facilitate
secondary
comic
costume
drop in/by
a bunch of
wave goodbye to
take over
pave the way
be limited to
for the first time
have an advantage over
for good
in good hands
pop up
tear down
A鱼
单元自
与提升Writing about a change
[学范文·背佳句]——它山之石，可以攻玉
范文诠解 [教材原文] [名师论道]
Where Does SUPERMAN Get Changed These Days？I was watching a superhero film the other day and a thought occurred to me：where does Superman get changed these days In the comics and earlier films, Clark Kent would pop into a phone box to change into his Superman costume.But these days, phone boxes are hard to find.The main reason for this is simply that we don't need them anymore.Almost everyone these days carries a mobile phone with them.It is certainly more convenient to take out a mobile and make a call at the touch of a button than to press a series of long numbers on a telephone.And anyone who happens to leave their mobile phone at home will still have no use for a phone box.Why Because they are unlikely to remember the number they want to call — that's something that our mobile phones do for us these days.And even if we could remember a number and needed to call it urgently, it would still be more convenient to borrow a mobile phone from someone else than walk around looking for a phone box.So, the phone box is becoming a thing of the past.Poor Clark Kent will have to find somewhere else to change！ [学语言]1.时态：一般现在时和一般过去时2.人称：第一、三人称3.亮点词汇①the other day②comic③pop into④costume⑤convenient ⑥at the touch of a button⑦a series of⑧urgently⑨a thing of the past4.高级句式①sth. occur to sb.②The main reason for this is that ...③it作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正的主语④who引导定语从句[学结构]本文为一篇描写变化的文章，属于说明文的写作范畴。文章可分为三部分：第一部分：点明变化的主题；第二部分：列举原因；第三部分：给出支持性论据。
佳句背诵 1.My school has drastically changed over the past ten years.我的学校在过去十年里发生了翻天覆地的变化。2.With the growing popularity of Internet surfing in China, the quality of our lives is improving.随着上网在中国的日益普及，我们的生活质量正在提高。3.In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.过去，人们主要通过写信或使用公用电话保持联系。4.What's more important, people have easy access to the Internet, which enables them to send and receive e mails whenever they like.更重要的是，人们可以方便地访问互联网，这使得他们可以随时收发电子邮件。5.With these changes, people's pace of life has been quickened and people's work has been made more efficient.这些变化加快了人们的生活节奏，提高了人们的工作效率。6.In a word, people have an easier life nowadays.总之，当今人们过着更舒适的生活。7.Compared with the traditional courses, online courses can be studied in a more flexible way.与传统课程相比，在线课程可以以更灵活的方式学习。
[仿佳作·找差距]——巧借外力，事半功倍
[题目要求]
假定你是红星中学的李华，你的英国笔友Christine发来邮件询问在新的技术条件下你的学习方式的变化，请你根据以下内容给他回电子邮件：
1．很高兴Christine对此话题感兴趣；
2．具体介绍学习方面的变化(课堂教学、考试、疑问的解决)；
3．感谢对方关注。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯。
[仿写步骤]
Step 1　一仿结构布局合理
第一段：介绍本文话题；
第二段：具体介绍学习方面的变化；
第三段：感谢对方关注。
Step 2　二仿语言规范美观
1．我很高兴知道你对我们现在的学习方式很感兴趣。
I am more than delighted to know that you are interested in how we are studying now.
2．随着科技的发展，我们的学习方式正在发生很大的变化。
With the development of technology, our learning style is changing greatly.
3．除了传统的课堂之外，我们还可以体验互联网给我们带来的便利。
In addition to the traditional classes, we can experience the convenience that the Internet brings to us.
4．例如，借助互联网，我们可以获得更多的教育资源。
For example, with the help of the Internet, we can get more education resources.
5．在网上可以找到一些测试，这些测试可以用来测试学生。
There are online tests available, which can be used to get the students tested.
6．当我们有问题时，可以在线向专家寻求答案。
When we have questions, we can seek answers from experts online.
Step 3　三仿句间过渡自然
　用连词连接句5和句6
There are online tests available, which can be used to get the students tested.Moreover, when we have questions, we can seek answers from experts online.
Step 4　誊写
Dear Christine，
I am more than delighted to know that you are interested in how we are studying now.
With the development of technology, our learning style is changing greatly.In addition to the traditional classes, we can experience the convenience that the Internet brings to us.For example, with the help of the Internet, we can get more education resources.There are online tests available, which can be used to get the students tested.Moreover, when we have questions, we can seek answers from experts online.
To sum up, the new technology is reshaping our learning style and makes us study more efficiently.
Thank you for your concern.
Yours,
Li Hua
PAGE
3(共15张PPT)
A鱼Developing ideas
Emojis①：a new language
While waiting outside the cafeteria②， I received the following message from my friend：
It took me a minute [1]before I realised what it meant.The signs③ [2]he used were to say that he'd be running late and would be there soon.Instead of replying with a simple “OK, don't rush④”， I searched for emojis on my phone [3]that would express the same message：
[1]before引导时间状语从句；what引导宾语从句。
[2]he used为定语从句，修饰名词signs，从句省略了关系代词that或which。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰名词emojis。
This was my attempt to follow the trend⑤ of communicating with emojis.Emojis are used everywhere, from text messages to emails, blogs and other social media networks.With the rapid development of social media, emojis are becoming an integral⑥ component⑦ of the language [4]we use to express ourselves.
[4]本句为定语从句，修饰the language，从句省略关系代词that或which。
The word “emoji” comes from Japanese, literally⑧ meaning “picture character”．Emojis are small symbols [5]representing ideas, emotions or feelings.They come in different categories⑨， such as faces and people, plants and animals, and food and drink.
[5]现在分词短语作定语，修饰small symbols。
[6]When first introduced in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to⑩ 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3,000 emojis [7]that expand upon the way in which we communicate.Due to their popularity, the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
[6]本句为时间状语从句的省略形式，when后省略了主语和系动词emojis were。
[7]that引导定语从句，修饰名词emojis；in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。
In today's world, emojis have become more and more popular.[8]It seems that emojis have clear advantages over written language. People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.In fact, this is similar to the gestures [9]we use when we speak.[10]With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while reading your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.For instance, if your friend is moving across the country, you may just send them a string of crying faces [11] to express your sadness over your separation.
[8]It作形式主语，that从句作真正的主语。
[9]we use为定语从句，修饰the gestures，从句省略了关系代词that或which。
[10]本句为with复合结构。
[11]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
①emoji n．表情符号
②cafeteria n．自助餐厅
③sign n．符号；记号
④rush v．(使)仓促行事，匆忙行事，做事草率
⑤trend n．趋势；趋向；倾向
⑥integral adj.不可缺少的
⑦component n．组成部分
⑧literally adv.按字面，字面上
⑨category n．类别
⑩be limited to 限于
expand v．(使)扩大；增加
for the first time 第一次
pictograph n．象形图
have advantages over 有胜过……的优势
emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的
gesture n．手势，姿势
facial adj.脸上的；面部的
a string of 一连串的；一系列的，一批
　　The use of emojis has even spread to classical literature.A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with textspeak and emojis.The intention of these adaptations is [12]to make the classics more accessible to young readers.Some people, however, believe that these new versions have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays.
[12]动词不定式短语作表语。
As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.Users of emojis say [13]that they facilitate the way in which we communicate and express ourselves.But this makes others, especially educators， worry [14]that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget [15] how to write properly.On that day, emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”．But, for now, maybe [16]it's best that we just enjoy using them.
[13]that引导宾语从句；in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。
[14]that引导宾语从句；动词不定式短语to communicate properly作定语，修饰the ability；现在分词短语using the written word, or even the spoken word作方式状语。
[15]“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语。
[16]it作形式主语；that引导的从句作真正的主语。
textspeak n．短信简写语
intention n．意图，目的
adaptation n．改编
accessible adj.易懂的
version n．版本，改编形式，改写本
soul n．精神
tendency n．趋势
facilitate v．促进；使便利
educator n．教育工作者
pictorial adj.图画的
[参考译文]
表情符号：一门新语言？
在自助餐厅外等待的时候，我收到了朋友发来的信息：
我花了一分钟才理解这条消息的意思，这些符号是想说他要迟到了，会尽快过来。我没有简单地回复“好，别着急”，而是从手机上搜索了几个表达相同意思的表情符号：
这是我追随使用表情符号交流这一潮流的一次尝试。表情符号无处不在，从短信到电子邮件、博客以及其他社交媒体网络都会使用表情符号。随着社交媒体的飞速发展，表情符号正在成为我们用于表达自我的语言不可或缺的一部分。
“Emoji”一词源于日语，字面意思是“图画文字”。表情符号是表示想法、情绪或感受的小图标。它们可分为不同类别，比如面部表情和人物、动植物、食品饮料等。
1999年，表情符号首次在日本推出，当时只有176个简单的图案。现在我们能使用3,000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。由于表情符号的风靡，牛津词典2015年的年度词汇是，这是图画文字首次替代了传统意义上的单词。
在当今世界，表情符号越来越受欢迎。表情符号似乎比书面语言更具明显优势。人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。事实上，这就像我们说话时用的手势一样。当在信息或帖子中加一个微笑表情或悲伤表情时，你的读者在读你写的内容时就能“看到”你的面部表情。表情符号还能帮助人们在找不到合适的词汇时表达他们的感受。举个例子，假如你的朋友将要搬去另一个国家，你可以发给他们一串哭脸，来表达自己对于你们将要分离的忧伤之情。
表情符号的使用甚至蔓延到经典文学之中。一套为年轻读者写的、内容取材于威廉·莎士比亚流行戏剧的系列丛书，就把书中一些词语更换为短信简写语和表情符号。这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。然而，也有人认为这些新版本剥夺了莎士比亚戏剧的精髓。
正如我们所见，表情符号的趋势是变得越来越随处可见。表情符号的使用者声称它们更便于我们沟通交流、表达自我。但是这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去使用书面语甚至口语来正确沟通的能力。毕竟，现如今，我们当中有多少人宁愿发送一条满是表情符号的短信，也不愿意打电话？或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，忘记了怎样正确书写。到那一天，表情符号将成为真正的图画“语言”。但是现在，或许我们最好还是享受使用它们的乐趣吧！
Step One：Pre reading
Do you often use emojis when you send messages to your friends Discuss in pairs and guess what the following emojis mean.
1． 　
2． 　
3． 　
4． 　
5． 　
答案：1.茶余饭后　2.余音绕梁　3.鸡飞蛋打　4.掩耳盗铃　5.走马观花
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
The text mainly tells us the history and development of emojis and their popularity.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What is the original meaning of “emoji”？
A．Picture character.
B．Pictorial language.
C．Emotional picture.
D．Emotional symbol.
2．When were emojis first introduced in Japan
A．In 1988.　　　 B．In 1998.
C．In 1999. D．In 2009.
3．Compared with written language, emojis have many advantages EXCEPT that .
A．emojis are quick and easy to use
B．emojis can express meanings more clearly
C．emojis can add emotional meaning to the language
D．emojis can help people express feelings when they can't find the appropriate words
4．What is the author's attitude to the popularity of emojis
A．Supportive. B．Neutral.
C．Skeptical. D．Critical.
答案：1～4　ACBA
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Emojis are small symbols representing ideas, emotions or feelings.When first 1.introduced (introduce) in Japan in 1999, emojis were limited to 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in 2.which we communicate.Due to their 3.popularity (popular), the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was, for the first time ever, a pictograph instead of a traditional word.
People like them because they add 4.emotional (emotion) meaning and are quick and easy 5.to use (use)．With a smiling or sad face added 6.to a message or post, your reader can “see” your facial expression while 7.reading (read) your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate words.
The use of emojis 8.has spread (spread) to classical literature in the last few years.As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.But this makes others, 9.especially (especial) educators, worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word.But, for now, maybe 10.it is best that we just enjoy using them.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．lay a solid foundation 　　　　 奠定坚实的基础
2．a key component 一个关键的组成部分
3．the reconstruction of the old temple 旧庙的重建
4．a child's emotional and intellectual development
儿童的情感和智力发展
5．a growing tendency 增加的趋势
6．economic development 经济发展
7．the end of an era 一个时代的终结
8．expand the business 扩大生意
9．facilitate further cultural exchanges 促进进一步的文化交流
10．With the intention of becoming attractive in the activity, many young women intend to wear traditional costumes and beautiful decorations.(intend)
11．Fallen rocks cut off the only access to the village, so it is not accessible to the outside now.(access)
[掌握规律　巧记单词]
1．以ible结尾形容词一览
①horrible　　　　　　　　　　　 令人不快的
②terrible 可怕的
③accessible 易接近的
④sensible 明智的
⑤flexible 可弯曲的
⑥digestible 易消化的
2．以ency结尾的高频名词集锦
①emergency 紧急情况
②efficiency 效率，功率
③tendency 趋向，趋势
④fluency 流利，流畅
⑤frequency 频率
⑥urgency 紧急　　　
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．The noise of your radio must be limited to (限于) a level that we can all bear.
2．I believe the agreement will pave the way (铺平道路) for further cooperation between us.
3．Tom felt very nervous because he gave the speech for the first time (第一次)．
4．She has an advantage over (有胜过……的优势) other applicants because she can speak fluent English and French.
5．He asked a string of (一连串的) questions concerning his job.
6．Thanks to reform and opening up (改革开放) policy, China has taken on a new look.
7．This book will break new ground (打开了新天地) in the study of English idioms.
8．We should ensure that all the people share the fruits (分享成果) of development.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句]　It took me a minute before I realised what it meant.
[句式分析]　before引导时间状语从句
[佳句仿写]　You have to wait another two days before he comes back.
你得再等两天他才会回来。
2．[教材原句]　People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.
[句式分析]　“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型
[佳句仿写]　This cloth is easy to wash.
这个布料很容易洗。
3．[教材原句]　Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly.
[句式分析]　“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语
[佳句仿写]　Can you tell me when to begin the final examination
你能告诉我们什么时候开始期末考试吗？
1．expand v．(使)扩大；增加；膨胀；细谈，详述
(教材P33)Now there are more than 3,000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate.
现在我们能使用3,000多个表情符号来拓宽我们的交流渠道。
(1)expand into 　　　　　　 扩展成，扩大成；进军
expand ...into ... 把……扩展成为……
expand on/upon 更充分地阐述；详谈
(2)expansion n. 扩张，扩展，扩大，膨胀
(经典佳句)We need to expand external exchanges and cooperation, which is a driving force of our growth.
我们要扩大对外交流与合作，这是我们发展的驱动力。
[练透]　一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空
①I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it.v.细谈，详述
②We all know that heat causes an object to expand and cold cause it to contract.v.膨胀
③The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence into a paragraph.
④Due to the continuous expansion (expand) of business, we need to employ more workers.
[写美]　完成句子
⑤The company is eager to expand into new markets.
那家公司急欲进军新的市场。
2．intention n．意图，目的
(教材P33)The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。
intend v．　　　　　　　　 计划，打算
intend to do/doing sth. 打算/想要做某事
intend sb.to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
had intended to do ...＝intended to have done ...
原本打算做……
be intended for 打算为……所用，专为……而设计的
(经典佳句)Good intention may sometimes lead to the adverse result.
好的意图有时可能会导致相反的结果。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①They intended to launch/launching (launch) a campaign to raise money for the project.
②His father intended him to study (study) medicine but he decided to join the army.
③The stadium being built at present in our city is intended for the coming Asian Games.
[写美]　一句多译
④昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的，可是下起雨来了。
→I had intended to visit you last night, but it rained.
→I intended to have visited you last night, but it rained.
[名师指津]　had intended to ...表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有：plan, hope, think等。
3．adaptation n．改编；改编本，改写本；适应
(教材P33) The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers.
这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。
(1)adapt v．　　　　　 使适应；使适合；改编；改写
adapt ( ...) to (使……)适应于……
adapt oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人自己适应(做)某事
adapt ... from ... 根据……改编或改写
adapt ...for ... 改编或改作……之用
(2)adaptable adj. 可改编的；能适应的
(经典佳句)Do you think the film adaptation was faithful to the book
你认为这部电影的改编忠于原著吗？
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The famous expert adapted his speech to the interests of his audience.
②Having resigned from his position, the old man is trying to adapt himself (he) to his new life.
③Though the adaptation (adapt) of the novel was not perfect, it attracted millions of people's attention.
④All in all, successful businesses are highly adaptable (adapt) to economic change.
[写美]　完成句子
⑤This film is adapted from the novel of the same title.
这部电影是根据同名小说改写的。
[易混辨析]　adopt和adapt意义不同： adopt意为“采纳；收养”， adapt意为“改编；适应”。
4．tendency n．趋势
(教材P33)As we can see, emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place.
正如我们所见，表情符号的趋势是变得越来越随处可见。
(1)have a tendency to do sth.　 有做某事的趋势
(2)tend v. 往往会；照看
tend to do sth. 易于做某事，往往会做某事
tend (to) sb. 照顾某人
tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于
(经典佳句)The decline of literature indicates the decline of a nation; the two keep in their downward tendency.
文学的衰落表明一个民族的衰落。这两者走下坡路的趋势是齐头并进的。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①There is a growing tendency (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices.
②Personally, I tend to/towards the second plan, because it is more reasonable.
③Obese people tend to have (have) higher blood pressure than lean people.
[写美]　完成句子
④We tend to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry.
当我们匆忙做事时，往往会犯错误。
5．convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的
(教材P35)What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing
为了使这一点令人信服，作者给出了哪些支持性论据？
(1)convince v．　　　　　　 使确信，使信服；说服，劝说
convince sb.that ... 使某人确信……
convince sb.of sth. 使某人信服某事
convince sb.to do sth. 说服/劝说某人做某事
(2)convinced adj. 坚信的，确信的
be convinced of sth./that 坚信；确信……
(经典佳句)Can you bring forth convincing evidence to clear yourself
你能拿出令人信服的证据证明你的清白吗？
[练透]　单句语法填空
①There is convincing (convince) evidence that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.
②We tried to convince him to change (change) his mind, but in vain.
③Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health.
[写美]　完成句子
④You should be convinced of your ability to deal with it.
你应该坚信你处理这件事的能力。
[联想发散]　“动词＋sb.＋of sth.”集锦：
①accuse sb.of sth.　　　　 控告某人犯某事(罪)，指责某人做某事
②cheat sb.of sth. 骗取某人某物
③cure sb.of sth. 治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯
④inform sb.of sth. 通知某人某情况(事)
⑤remind sb.of sth. 使某人想起某情况(事)
⑥rid sb.of sth. 使某人摆脱某物
⑦rob sb.of sth. 抢劫某人的某样东西
⑧warn sb.of sth. 警告某人有某种情况
1．句型公式：“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型
(教材P33) People like them because they add emotional meaning, and are quick and easy to use.
人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。
(1)在“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型中，动词不定式的逻辑宾语就是句子的主语，通常以主动形式表被动意义。常用于此种结构的一些形容词有：easy，interesting，hard，difficult, impossible，comfortable等。
(2)动词不定式中的动词(短语)为不及物动词时，需要加适当的介词，使句子主语与这个动词短语构成动宾关系。
(经典佳句)The little boy is very outgoing so he is easy to get along with.
这个小男孩很外向，所以很容易相处。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Today's homework was easy to do (do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.
②English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand (understand)．
③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.
[写美]　完成句子
④The question is difficult for me to answer.
这个问题对我来说很难回答。
2．句型公式：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
(教材P33)Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures, and forget how to write properly.
或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，忘记怎样正确书写。
(1)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词who，what，which和疑问副词when，where，how。
(2)在“疑问代词＋动词不定式”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
(3)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。
(4)“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
(经典佳句)You have to know how to handle yourself in this business.
你必须知道在这件事上如何把握自己。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①When and where to build (build) the new building has not been decided.
②There're so many kinds of cups on sale that I can't make up my mind which one to buy (buy)．
③I was at a loss and didn't know what to do (do) next.
[写美]　句型转换
④I don't know how I can make her happy.
→I don't know how to make her happy.
PAGE
13(共64张PPT)
A鱼Using language
Grammar——过去进行时的被动语态
一、语法图解
二、语法突破
1．定义
过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动动作。谓语动词的主语是动作的承受者而不是发出者。
The goods were being uploaded when we arrived at the airport.
当我们到达机场时，货物正在被装载。
2．构成
(1)肯定句：主语＋was/were＋being＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)
Another bridge was being built over the Changjiang River then.
那时长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
(2)否定句：主语＋was/were＋not＋being＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)
The TV set was not being fixed by him this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候他没有修理电视机。
(3)一般疑问句：Was/Were＋主语＋being＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)
Was a new library being put up in their school just then
他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？
(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being＋及物动词的过去分词(＋by＋动作的执行者)
What was being done to the machine then
那时正在对这台机器采取什么措施？
　根据要求进行句型转换
①The boy's father was scolding him when his mother came back.
→The boy was being scolded by his father when his mother came back.(改为被动语态)
②His car was being repaired when I came in.
→His car was not being repaired when I came in.(改为否定句)
③The man was being questioned by the policeman at that time.
→ Who was being questioned by the policeman at that time (对The man进行提问)
3．基本用法
(1)过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某个时间点正在进行的被动动作。常与过去进行时被动语态连用的时间状语有：then，at this time yesterday，at that moment，yesterday afternoon，in 1998及when，the moment等时间状语或引导的时间状语从句。
Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.
昨天这个时候他们正在植树。
The president was being interviewed by the presenter the moment I entered the office.　
当我走进办公室的那一刻，总统正在接受主持人的采访。
(2)过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：过去进行时的被动语态强调动作发生的过程，一般过去时的被动语态强调动作的结果。
Several patients were being treated in the local hospital then.(表示被动进行的动作)
当时有几个病人正在当地医院接受治疗。
Several patients were treated in the local hospital then.(表示过去发生的动作)
当时有几个病人在当地医院接受治疗。
emphasise v．强调
(教材P29)Which sentence emphasises process and which emphasises result
哪些句子强调过程，哪些强调结果？
(1)emphasise the importance of 　 强调……的重要性
(2)emphasis n. 强调；重视；重要性
put/lay/place emphasis on sth. 强调/重视某事
(经典佳句)We cannot emphasise the importance of safety too much.
我们再怎么强调安全的重要性也不为过。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Material advance and spiritual enrichment should be emphasised (emphasise) equally.
②The government should lay special emphasis on
environmental protection.
[写美]　完成句子
③Teachers should emphasise the importance of protecting children's eyesight.
教师应强调保护儿童视力的重要性。
维度一　基础题型练
1．I didn't enter the bookstore when passing by it, for it was being decorated (decorate) then.
2．The house which was destroyed (destroy) in last week's storm belongs to the couple.
3．The manager was being interviewed (interview) by a reporter so I didn't come in.
4．The new TV sets were being promoted (promote) in the shopping center at that time.That was why so many people were gathering there.
5．All eyes were on the television monitor where a horse race was being broadcast (broadcast)．
6．He didn't turn up at the meeting as scheduled because he was delivering (deliver) a seriously injured man to the hospital.
7．The workers were not here then.The workers were being trained (train) in the training center.
8．A new building is being built (build) at the other side of the street.Work started last year and is expected to be finished next year.
9．When we went into the chemistry lab, an experiment was being conducted (conduct) by our tutor.
10．The temple was being rebuilt (rebuild) at that time so we couldn't visit it.
维度二　语法与写作
1．When we came into the factory, our water pump was being repaired by an old worker.
当我们进入工厂时，我们的水泵正在由一个老工人修理。
2．Suddenly, I found that I was being followed by a stranger.
突然，我发现我正被一个陌生人尾随。
3．He was being interviewed by our headmaster at that time.
那时他正在接受我们校长的采访。
4．The house was being painted when we arrived at his home.
我们到他家时，房子正在粉刷。
5．In fact, the students were being punished by their teacher at that time.
事实上，那时这些学生正在接受老师的惩罚。
维度三　以语段形式练习语法
I heard that the school where I once studied would be rebuilt, so I went there quickly.When I got there, the gate of the school 1.was being pulled (pull) down.I was heartbroken.The big tree in the garden 2.was being cut (cut) down by some workers.The teaching building 3.was being destroyed (destroy) by forklifts(铲车)．Bricks 4.were being cleaned (clean) up and garbage 5.was being carried (carry) away by trucks.
PAGE
4(共16张PPT)
A鱼
定义表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动动作
主语+was/were+ being+及物动词的
肯定句九过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)
主语+was/were+not+ being+及物动
去进行时的被动语态
否定句词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)
构成
般1Was/Were+主语+ being+及物动词
疑问句的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)
特殊疑间词
+was/ were+
主语
+being+
及物
疑间句动词的过去分词(+by+动作的执行者)
过去进行时的被动语态强调的是在过去的某
个时间点正在进行的被动动作
基本用法过去进行时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动
语态的区别Starting out & Understanding ideas
For many physical bookstores, the annual Shanghai Book Fair provides a great opportunity to promote their business with offline activities, an effective way to attract readers and counteract (抵抗) the challenges brought by online sales.
Xinhua Bookstore in Jiading's Robinsons Galleria shopping mall held a signing session (签售会) by calligrapher Qian Jianzhong as part of the fair.People who were there bought books at the bookstore.“Although it is impossible to greatly increase the sales volume of books, these activities make more readers willing to walk into physical bookstores，” said Zhang Wei, manager of the store's Jiading outlet (专营店)．
“We have established a WeChat community to recommend new books, preview activities, release discount information and provide booking services，” Zhang said.
Next, the bookstore will explore online broadcasts and other ways to further expand the influence of physical stores.
Zhu Haifang, from the Zhongshuge bookstore, said it is seeking cooperation with other brands to create cultural and creative products such as bookmarks, notebooks and refrigerator stickers and will develop its own unique products in the future.
Many people are willing to pay the bill for this cultural and creative products in the bookstore.“If the bookstore doesn't provide a good environment and drinks, I'd rather buy books online and read books at home.My motivation to go to the bookstore is to enjoy the atmosphere of immersive (沉浸式的) reading，” said a resident surnamed Huang.
[理解]　Read the passage and answer the following questions.1．What measures did Xinhua Bookstore in Jiading's Robinsons Galleria shopping mall take to increase the sales volume of books It held a signing session and established a WeChat community.2．Why does the resident surnamed Huang want to go to the bookstore To enjoy the atmosphere of immersive reading. [积累]　1．physical bookstore　　实体书店2．annual adj. 每年的3．fair n. 商品交易会，展销会4．promote v. 促销，推销5．seek cooperation 寻求合作
Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas
A New Chapter
[1]The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken①.The bookstore, [2]which was a legendary② fixture③ in the neighborhood, was a place [3]where anyone could drop in④ and connect through their love of books.
[1]The day引导时间状语从句；that引导宾语从句。
[2]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰The bookstore。
[3]where引导定语从句，修饰a place。
When I hurried to the store, I saw [4]that the books were already being packed into⑤ boxes.I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly⑥ owner.[5]Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run⑦ an independent bookstore.Most young people preferred reading e books on tablets⑧.More and more customers were being attracted by chain stores and online discounts⑨.I tried to think of some words of sympathy⑩， but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
[4]that引导宾语从句，作动词saw的宾语。
[5]现在分词短语作伴随状语。
Childhood memories came back to me so clearly, [6]as if the events had happened only yesterday.A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school.We'd look at the new books, or just chat with Old Casey.He knew every book in the store and would always pick the perfect one for us from a dusty shelf .We spent hours reading, [7]seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture .Casey encouraged us to share our ideas and comments on the books, by writing them on a large board in one corner of the store.
[6]as if意为“似乎，好像”，引导状语从句，从句使用过去完成时，表示和过去相反的事实。
[7]过去分词短语作状语。
When I left the bookstore, it was becoming cold and dark outside.I turned to wave goodbye to Casey, but both he and his bookstore were already hidden in a thick mist .It made me realize that the bookstore and all [8]that Old Casey had given to the community could soon disappear for good .
[8]that引导定语从句，修饰代词all。
A few months later, I was back in the neighborhood during my spring break and was surprised to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business.Its old brick exterior hadn't changed, but inside it was like a different world.In one area, a book reading was being delivered.Nearby, customers were poring over shelves [9]selling stationery， posters and other best seller themed gifts.The large board in the corner had been replaced by a big screen, [10]where customers' comments on the month's best seller were being displayed.Clearly, the Rainbow Bookstore was in good, creative hands.
[9]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词shelves。
[10]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰a big screen。
①heartbroken adj.极为悲伤的；心碎的
②legendary adj.大名鼎鼎的，传奇式的
③fixture n．固定存在物
④drop in顺道拜访；突然拜访
⑤be packed into被塞进……，挤进……
⑥elderly adj.年老的
⑦run v．经营，管理
⑧tablet n．平板电脑
⑨discount n．折扣
⑩sympathy n．同情
stay in business维持营业，维持生意
bunch n．一群，一伙
a bunch of一群
drop by顺道拜访，造访
dusty adj.布满灰尘的
shelf n．搁板，架子
furniture n．家具
wave goodbye to向……说再见，向……挥手告别
mist n．薄雾，雾霭
for good永远，永久
brick n．砖，砖块
exterior n．外部，外观
deliver v．作(讲座)；发表(讲话)
pore v．专心阅读，钻研
stationery n．文具
replace v．代替，取代
display v．显示；展出
in good hands 在可靠(或内行)的人手里，受到很好的照料(或关注)
I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign [11]to save the Rainbow Bookstore.The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman [12]who had grown up in the neighborhood and who had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
[11]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[12]两个who都引导定语从句，修饰名词saleswoman。
Under Jennifer's leadership， the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature loving members of the community to get together.It had a café [13]selling organic food, and there were now more community events such as book readings, poetry recitals and even jazz concerts and movie nights, [14]where people could gather to share an experience that couldn't be downloaded.
[13]现在分词短语作定语，修饰名词café。
[14]where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰community events；that引导定语从句，修饰名词experience。
I joined Casey, [15]who was looking up at the screen on which readers' comments kept popping up.“Well, as you can see, corporate knowledge combined with creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century! I'm so pleased to see [16]that everything I wanted it to offer to the community is still here.”
[15]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰Casey；on which引导定语从句，修饰the screen。
[16]that引导宾语从句；I wanted it to offer to the community为定语从句，修饰代词everything，其前省略了关系代词that。
saleswoman n．女销售员
take over接收，接管
leadership n．领导；领导地位
under sb.'s leadership 在某人的领导下
organic adj.有机的；绿色的
recital n．朗诵会
jazz n．爵士乐
pop up突然出现，冒出来
corporate adj.全体的；共同的
humble adj.简陋的
[参考译文]
新的篇章
听说经营了50年的彩虹书店要停业的那天，我的心都要碎了。这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
我匆匆赶到书店，看到那些书已经装箱了。我和老店主凯西聊了很久。他深深地叹了口气，告诉我经营独立书店越来越难。大多数年轻人更喜欢用平板电脑读电子书。越来越多的顾客被连锁店和网店的折扣吸引。我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确开不下去了。
童年的回忆清晰地浮现在我的脑海里，好像那些事就发生在昨天。我们这群孩子放学后经常去书店。我们会看看新书，或者只是与老凯西聊几句。他对店里每本书都了如指掌，总能从落了灰的架子上挑一本最好的书给我们。我们会坐在店里陈旧而舒适的家具上，读上好几个钟头的书。凯西鼓励我们把对书的想法和评论分享出来，写在书店一角的大板子上。
我离开书店的时候，外面已又冷又黑。我转身向凯西挥手告别，但他和书店都已经消失在浓雾中。这让我意识到，书店和老凯西给社区带来的一切都将很快消失殆尽。
几个月后，我在春假期间回到了社区，却惊奇地发现彩虹书店仍然伫立在那里，并且还在营业。它外面的旧砖瓦丝毫未变，但里面却像一个不同的世界。店里开辟了一片阅读区。在阅读区附近，顾客们在货架前仔细地挑选着文具、海报和其他畅销主题的礼品。之前书店角落里的大板子换成了一个大屏幕，顾客对本月畅销书的评论展现在上面。显然，彩虹书店经营有方，富有创意。
我听说是社区决定发起团结协作拯救彩虹书店的活动。这次活动由珍妮弗·奥克利领导，她是一位售货员，从小在社区长大，现在已经从凯西手中接手了书店。
在珍妮弗的领导下，这家书店变成了社区文学爱好者聚会的地方。书店里有咖啡馆，出售有机食品；现在还在这里举行更多的社区活动，比如读书会、诗歌朗诵会甚至是爵士音乐会和电影之夜。在这里，人们可以聚在一起分享体验，这种体验是无法从网上下载到的。
我凑到凯西旁边，他正看着大屏幕上不断出现的读者评论。“嗯，正如你所看到的，集体的智慧和创意把我这个简陋的书店带进了21世纪！我很高兴，我想让书店奉献给社区的一切都还在。”
Step One：Pre reading
If you need to buy a book, would you like to go to the physical store or buy it online What are the advantages of online bookstores Discuss in pairs and place a tick in the proper box.
□cheaper
□more convenient
□better quality
□better service
□a wider variety
(Answers may vary.)
Step Two：While reading
Ⅰ.Read for the main idea
The text mainly tells us the rebirth of the Rainbow Bookstore.
Ⅱ.Read for details
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What was the author's reaction to the news that the Rainbow Bookstore would be closed
A．He felt it was something normal.
B．He was sad on hearing the news.
C．He took it as something impossible.
D．He had no idea what his feeling was inside.
2．Why did Casey decide to close the 50 year old bookstore
A．He was too old to work on.
B．The location would be used for other purposes.
C．It had fallen behind the development of times.
D．He had started a more profitable business.
3．What can we conclude about Jennifer Oakley
A．She is a capable and creative woman.
B．She knows what people's hobbies are.
C．She shows great sympathy for competitors.
D．She is always doing her part in her work.
4．What has made the old bookstore regain its popularity
A．The past memories in people's hearts.
B．The modern atmosphere and rich events.
C．The organic food provided by the store.
D．The discounts given to the customers.
答案：1～4　BCAB
Step Three：Post reading
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business.When I hurried to the store, I had a long chat with Casey, the store's elderly owner.He told me 1.it was difficult to run an independent bookstore.More and more customers 2.were being attracted (attract) by chain stores and online discounts.Suddenly, childhood memories came back to me.A bunch of us kids would 3.frequently (frequent) drop by the store after school.We spent hours reading, 4.seated (seat) on the store's old but comfortable furniture.
When I left the bookstore, I realized that the bookstore and all that Old Casey 5.had given (given) to the community could soon disappear.A few months later, I was 6.surprised (surprise) to see that the Rainbow Bookstore was still there and open for business.Its old brick exterior hadn't changed, 7.but inside it was like a different world.I was told that the community had decided to work together on a campaign 8.to save (save) the Rainbow Bookstore.The campaign had been led by Jennifer Oakley, a saleswoman 9.who had grown up in the neighborhood and had now taken over the bookstore from Casey.
Under Jennifer's leadership, the bookstore was being turned into a place for literature loving 10.members (member) of the community to get together.
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．in the past decade 　　　　　　　 在过去的十年里
2．two elderly relatives 两位年老的亲戚
3．buy a smartphone and a tablet 购买一部智能手机和一台平板电脑
4．a saleswoman in the supermarket 这家超市的一名女销售员
5．ensure its leadership and competitiveness
确保它的领导地位和竞争力
6．organic vegetables 有机蔬菜
7．as a jazz singer 作为一名爵士乐歌手
8．a humble restaurant 一家简陋的餐馆
9．a brick wall 一面砖墙
10．on the top shelf 在架子的最上层
11．She is a sympathetic lady who always shows sympathy for the poor people.(sympathy)
12．The room is very dusty so please clean the dust on the floor.(dust)
13．The two athletes are competing for the gold medal.The result of the competition is hard to predict because the two competitors are both excellent and competitive.(compete)
14．After moving into his new flat, he furnished his house with many pieces of new furniture.(furnish)
[掌握规律　巧记单词]
1．以ly结尾的形容词集合
①friendl 友爱的，友好的
②likely 可能的
③lively 精力充沛的，生气勃勃的
④lonely 孤独的，寂寞的
⑤lovely 可爱的，迷人的
⑥daily 每日的，日常的
2．“名词＋y变形容词”集锦
①cloud→cloudy 多云的
②wind→windy 刮风的
③health→healthy 健康的
④luck→lucky 幸运的
⑤guilt→guilty 有罪的
⑥wealth→wealthy 富裕的，有钱的　　　　
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．A bunch of (一群) kids were standing at the school gate, waiting for their parents.
2．With the development of the society, many new words pop up (冒出来) in Chinese language.
3．Please drop in (顺道拜访) and have a cup of coffee when you are free.
4．All his clothes were packed into (被塞进) a suitcase and then he left.
5．I don't think this restaurant will stay in business (维持生意) very long.
6．As the bus left, Ann turned round and waved goodbye to (向……挥手告别) us.
7．He is hoping one of his sons will take over (接管) the business.
8．Under his leadership (在他的领导下), the company is becoming more and more prosperous.
Ⅲ.典型句式
1．[教材原句]　The day I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken.
[句式分析]　“the＋时间名词”引导状语从句
[佳句仿写]　 The day he returned home, he found his key lost.
他回家的那一天，他发现他的钥匙丢了。
2．[教材原句]　The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
[句式分析]　关系副词引导的定语从句
[佳句仿写]　This is a perfect place where you can relax yourself.
这是一个你可以放松自己的绝佳之地。
3．[教材原句]　Sighing deeply, he told me how it was becoming difficult to run an independent bookstore.
[句式分析]　现在分词短语作状语
[佳句仿写]　 Standing here, I couldn't help recalling my happy childhood.
站在这里，我不禁回想起我快乐的童年。
1．fixture n．固定存在物
(教材P26)The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
(1)fix v．　　　　　 使固定，安装；决定，确定(日期、时间、
数量等)；修理，校准
fix ...on ... 集中(目光、注意力、思想等)于
fix up 修理；安排；装置
(2)fixed adj. 固定的；不变的
(经典佳句)The price of the house includes all the fixtures and fittings in the house.
房屋价格包括房屋内的所有固定装置和附加设备。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①You should fix your attention on what the teacher is saying in class.
②It took the worker a whole day to fix up the broken machine.
③Generally speaking, your arrival shouldn't be later than the fixed (fix) time.
[写美]　完成句子
④The girl sat there quite silent and still, with her eyes fixed on the wall.
女孩静静地坐在那里，眼睛盯着墙上。
2．sympathy n．同情
(教材P26)I tried to think of some words of sympathy, but I had to admit that the Rainbow Bookstore couldn't stay in business much longer.
我想要说些同情的话，却发现自己不得不承认彩虹书店的确开不下去了。
(1)express/feel sympathy for sb.　 对某人表达/感到同情
have (no) sympathy for sb. (不)同情某人
be in sympathy with 赞同，支持；和……一致
out of sympathy 出于同情
(2)sympathetic adj. 同情的，有同情心的，表示同情的；
赞同的，支持的
(经典佳句)He had great sympathy for the poor and the down trodden.
他非常同情穷人和受压迫者。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Hearing the bad news, I couldn't help feeling sympathy for the deaths in the accident.
②I am sure he will be in sympathy with the suggestion that you have come up with in the meeting.
③Her husband was sympathetic (sympathy) at first but his patience soon wore thin.
[写美]　完成句子
④Out of sympathy, he gave the poor child much help.
出于同情，他给了这个可怜的孩子很多帮助。
3．bunch n．一群，一伙；串，束，扎 v．(使)变紧；(使)成皱褶
(教材P26)A bunch of us kids would frequently drop by the store after school.
我们这群孩子放学后经常去书店。
(1)a bunch of 　　　　　　 　一群；一束；一扎
(2)the best/pick of the bunch 出类拔萃的人(或事 物)；精英；精品
(3)bunch up/together (使)集中，聚拢；(使)挤在一起
(经典佳句) He presented a bunch of flowers to the honored guest.
他向尊敬的客人献上一束花。
[练透]　一词多义(猜测加彩单词的词性和含义)/单句语法填空
①The girl bunched the flowers and sold them at two dollars each bunch.v.(使)变紧； n. 一束
②She picked a large bunch of flowers to decorate her room.
③The sheep bunched (bunch) together as soon as they saw the dog.
[写美]　完成句子
④The pears in this basket are the best/pick of the bunch: sweet, juicy and delicious.
这篮里的梨是这一批中的精品：美味多汁，香甜可口。
4．furniture n．家具
(教材P26～27) We spent hours reading, seated on the store's old but comfortable furniture.
我们会坐在店里陈旧而舒适的家具上，读上好几个钟头的书。
(1)furnish v．　　　　　 布置；为(房间或建筑物)配备家具陈设
furnish ... with ... 用……装备……；向……提供/供应……
(2)furnished adj. 配备好装备的；带家具的
be furnished with ... 陈设着……，安装有……
(经典佳句)They made a clean sweep of their old furniture and replaced it with brand new pieces.
他们把旧家具全部去掉，换成全新的。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①All the furniture in my grandparents' room is (be) made of wood.
②My father liked to furnish his room with a great deal of Chinese style furniture.
③Though simply furnished (furnish), the room of my grandmother is very clean and tidy.
[写美]　完成句子
④The scientist's bedroom is furnished with the simplest furniture.
这位科学家的卧室里陈设着最简单的家具。
[名师指津]　furniture是“家具”的总称，指室内的可移动的大件物品，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。如果要表示“量”，可用much, little, a little, a lot of或者lots of等修饰，但是绝不能用many, few, a few等修饰；如果要表示“数”，则可以用a piece of, an article/item of等修饰。
5．compete v．竞争
(教材P28) Traditional bookstores can't compete with large bookstore chains.
传统书店无法与大型连锁书店竞争。
(1)compete for 　　　　　　　　　 为……而竞争
compete with/against ... for ... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争
(2)competition n. 比赛
in competition with 与……进行竞争
(3)competitor n. 竞争者；对手
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
(经典佳句)Life is like a long race where we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
生命就像一场长跑比赛，我们在比赛中和他人竞争以超越自我。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①They found themselves competing with/against foreign companies for a share of the market.
②The athletes from all over the world competed for the gold medals.
③Graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive (compete) market.
④We are in competition with four other companies for the contract.
[写美]　完成句子
⑤Runners from many countries are competing with/against each other for the first gold medal.
来自许多国家的赛跑运动员正在为第一枚金牌而竞争。
句型公式：关系副词引导的定语从句
(教材P26)The bookstore, which was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place where anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
这家书店是这片社区鼎鼎大名、永远不变的一家店，谁都可以来这里逛逛，因为热爱书籍而互相认识。
关系副词 在从句中所作成分 先行词
when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语 表时间的名词：time, moment, day, month, year, period等
where 指地点，在从句中作地点状语 表地点的名词：place, house, city, country, world, street等，还有一些表示抽象地点的名词，如 point, case, position, condition, situation等
why 指原因或理由，在从句中作原因状语 表原因的名词：reason, excuse等
(经典佳句)A market is a place where people sell and buy things.
市场是一个人们买卖东西的地方。
[练透]　单句语法填空/把下列句子合并成含有关系副词引导的定语从句
①The reason why he was late was that his car broke down on the way.
②China is the only country in the world where wild pandas can be found.
③The photo reminded me of the days when I played hide and seek with my sisters.
④Gone are the days.Farmers lived in the poor houses in those days.
→Gone are the days when farmers lived in the poor houses.
⑤The house has been rebuilt.I lived in the house ten years ago.
→The house where I lived ten years ago has been rebuilt.
⑥Give me one good reason.I should help you for the reason.
→Give me one good reason why I should help you.
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14(共67张PPT)
单元知抢先知
素养目标
(主题语境:人与社会——新旧时代社会和生活等方面的对比及改变
文化意
了解人类创新和
必记单词
科技进步对社会发展
的推动作用,学习用 decade
initiative
发展的眼光看待问题, elderly
solid
用审辩式思维来看待 sympathy
economIc
重点短语
身边的各种变化。
bunch
occupation
思维品质
dusty
cafeteria
drop in/by
培养创新意识,
shelf
component
经典句型
以积极的心态面对各
furniture
category a bunch of
种社会变化,形成正
mist
expand
1.“the+时间名词”
wave goodbye to
确的世界观、人生观
brick
emotional
引导状语从句
saleswoman intention
take over
和价值观
2关系副词引导的核心语法
学习能力
leadership adaptation pop up
定语从句
通过运用各种学
organIc
accessible be limited to
3.现在分词短语作
过去进
习策略,在自主学习、
jazz
soul
状语
行时的
humble
tendency for the first time
合作学习与探究式学
被动语态
习的过程中,不断监
compete
facilitate have an advantage over4. before引导时间
educator
控、评价、反思和调
emphasise
for good
状语从句
话题写作
整自己的学习内容和
reconstruction secondary
5.“主语+be+形容
Jounalist
urgently in good hands
进程,提高自己的理
写一篇
era
convincing
词+todo”句型
解和表达能力。
pave the way
6.“疑问词+不定式”
有关变
reform
alongside
语言能力匚
tear down
结构
化的文章
单元话
题导入
A鱼

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