资源简介 2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试化学试题(宁国中学、宣城中学联考)命题人:张贵鸣 审题人:王卫国考生须知:1.全卷分Ⅰ卷、Ⅱ卷,共8页,有22小题,满分为100分,考试时间100分钟。2.本卷答案必须写在答题卷的相应位置上,直接做在试题上无效。3.本卷可能用到的相对原子质量: H:1 C:12 O:16 Na:23 Cl:35.5 Fe:56 Cu:64 第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共51分)一、选择题(本题包括17小题,每小题3分,共51分。每小题只有一个选项符合题意)1.化学与人类生活密切相关。下列说法中不正确的是 A.伦敦奥运会中采用的新型氢动力计程车可以降低PM2.5的排放,减小大气污染 B.酸雨就是pH<7的雨水,主要是由大气中的SO2、NO2等造成的 C.绚丽缤纷的烟花中添加了含钾、钠、钙、铜等金属元素的化合物 D.服用铬含量超标的药用胶囊会对人体健康造成危害2.化学知识在生产和生活中有着重要的应用。下列说法中正确的是①钠的还原性很强,可以用来冶炼金属钛、钽、铌、锆等 ②K、Na合金可作原子反应堆的导热剂 ③发酵粉中主要含有碳酸氢钠,能使焙制出的糕点疏松多孔 ④Na2O2既可作呼吸面具中O2的来源,又可漂白织物、麦杆、羽毛等⑤碳酸钠在医疗上是治疗胃酸过多的一种药剂 ⑥明矾常作为消毒剂A.①②③④ B.①②③④⑤ C.①②③④⑥ D.①②③④⑤⑥3.下列解析不科学的是A.“水滴石穿”主要是溶解了CO2的雨水与CaCO3长期作用生成了可溶性的Ca(HCO3)2的缘故。B.长期盛放NaOH溶液的滴瓶不易打开,是因为NaOH与瓶中的CO2反应导致瓶内气体减少形成“负压”的缘故。C.严格地讲,“通风橱”是一种不负责任的防污染手段,因为实验产生的有害气体没有得到转化或吸收。D.“雨后彩虹”、“海市蜃楼”既是一种自然现象又是光学现象,也与胶体的知识有关。4.类推的思维方法在化学学习与研究中常会产生错误的结论,因此类推的结论最终要通过实验的验证才能决定其正确与否。下列几种类推的结论中正确的是 A.已知Fe与S能直接化合得FeS,推测Cu与S化合直接化合生成CuS B.已知H2O比H2S的沸点高,推测H2S比H2Se的沸点高 C.已知A12S3不能在水溶液中存在,推测Mg3N2不能在水溶液中存在 D.已知工业上用电解熔化的NaCl制取Na,推测用熔化的A1C13制取Al5.分类是科学研究的重要方法,讨论辨析以下说法:①漂白粉、铝热剂、粗盐都是混合物;②金属氧化物都是碱性氧化物;③胆矾和干冰既是纯净物又是化合物;④不锈钢和目前流通的硬币都是合金;⑤盐酸和食醋既是化合物又是酸;⑥乙醇、四氯化碳、氯气、葡萄糖都是非电解质;⑦豆浆和雾都是胶体。上述说法正确的是 A.①②③④ B.①③④⑦ C.①②⑤⑥ D.③⑤⑥⑦6.通过观察法不能确定下列物质是否变质的是A.FeSO4 B.Na2O2 C.C6H5OH D.Na2SO3 7.设NA 表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。下列说法正确的是A.标准状况下,0.1 mol Cl2 溶于足量水,转移的电子数目为0.1NA B.0.1 mol Fe 与足量的稀HNO3 反应,转移0.2NA 个电子C.1 L 0.1 mol·L-1 Na2CO3溶液含有0.1NA 个CO3 2- D.电解熔融MgCl2得到7.1g Cl2,理论上需要转移0.2NA个电子8.根据表中信息判断,下列选项不正确的是 序号反应物产物①KMnO4 、H2O2 、H2SO4 K2SO4 、MnSO4 ......②Cl2 、FeBr2FeCl3 、FeBr3③ MnO4- ...... Cl2 、Mn2+ ...... A.第①组反应的其余产物为H2O和 O2B.第②组反应中Cl2 与 FeBr2的物质的量之比为1︰2 C.第③组反应中生成1mol Cl2,转移电子2mol D.氧化性由强到弱顺序为MnO4- > Cl2 > Fe3+ > Br29.为比较铁和铜金属活动性强弱,某研究小组的同学设计了如下一些方案并将实验结果记录如下,能证明铁的金属性比铜强的是方案现象或产物A将铁片置于CuSO4溶液中铁片上有亮红色物质析出B将铁丝和铜丝分别在氯气中燃烧产物分别为FeCl3和CuCl2C将铁片和铜片分别放入热浓硫酸中产物分别为Fe2(SO4)3和CuSO4D将铁片和铜片分别置于热的稀硝酸溶液中铁片上、铜片上均有气泡产生10.下列实验设计及其对应的离子方程式均正确的是A.醋酸溶液除去水垢中的CaCO3:CaCO3+2H+=Ca2++H2O+CO2↑B.氢氧化铁溶于氢碘酸中:Fe(OH)3 + 3H+ === Fe3+ + 3H2O C.用FeCl3溶液腐蚀铜线路板:Cu + 2Fe3+ = Cu2+ + 2Fe2+ D.向AlCl3溶液中通入过量NH3:Al3+ + 4NH3·H2O = AlO2- + 4NH4+ + 2H2O 11.将适量的SO2通过入Fe(NO3)3溶液中,溶液由棕黄色变为浅绿色,但立即又变为棕黄色,继续滴入BaCl2溶液,产生白色沉淀。在上述一系列变化过程中,最终被还原的元素是 A.S B.Fe C.Cl D.N12.用下列装置不能达到有关实验目的的是 A.用甲图装置证明ρ(煤油)<ρ(钠)<ρ(水) B.用乙图装置制备Fe(OH)2 C.用丙图装置制取金属锰 D.用丁图装置比较NaHCO3和Na2CO3的热稳定性13.含有下列各组离子或分子的溶液中,通入过量SO2气体后仍能大量共存的是A.H+、Ca2+、Fe3+、NO3- B.Ba2+、Cl-、Al3+、H+C.Na+、NH4+ 、I-、HS- D.Na+、NH3·H2O、K+、Cl-14.将几滴KSCN(SCN—是“类卤离子”)溶液加入到含有Fe3+的酸性溶液中,溶液变成红色。将该红色溶液分为两份:①一份中加入适量KMnO4溶液,红色褪去;②向另一份中通入SO2,红色也褪去。以下推测肯定不正确的是A.①中红色褪去的原因是KMnO4将SCN—氧化B.②中红色褪去的原因是SO2将Fe3+还原成Fe2+C.②中红色褪去的原因是SO2将SCN—还原D.SCN—在适当条件下可失去电子被氧化为(SCN)215.如右图所示,两圆圈相交的阴影部分表示圆圈内的物质相互发生的反应。已知钠及其氧化物的物质的量均为0.1mol,水的质量为100g。下列说法正确的是 A.Na2O2中阴阳离子数目之比为1:1 B.反应①的离子方程式为:Na + 2H2O =Na+ + 2OH- + H2↑ C.反应③最多能产生0.05mol O2 D.①、②、③充分反应后所得溶液的质量分数从大到小:①>②>③16.为了证明(NH4)2Fe(SO4)2·6H2O(硫酸亚铁铵晶体)的成分中含有NH4+、Fe2+、SO42- 和H2O,取少量硫酸亚铁铵晶体放入试管,下列实验叙述中错误的是A.加热,试管口有液体生成,则可证明晶体的成分中含有结晶水B.加少量水,溶液为浅绿色,滴入2滴KSCN溶液,溶液不显红色,再滴加几滴新制氯水,溶液变为红色,则证明晶体的成分中含有Fe2+C.加水溶解,加少量稀盐酸,无现象,再滴入几滴BaCl2溶液,有白色沉淀生成,则可证明晶体的成分中含有SO42-D.加浓NaOH溶液,加热,用湿润的蓝色石蕊试纸放在试管口检验,试纸变红色,则证明晶体的成分中含有NH4+17.向一定量的Cu、Fe2O3的混合物中加入300mL 1mol/L的HCl溶液,恰好使混合物完全溶解,所得溶液中加入KSCN溶液后无红色出现,若用过量的CO在高温下还原相同质量的此混合物,固体的质量减少了A.6.4g B.4.8g C.2.4g D.1.6g第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共49分)二、填空题(本题包括5小题,共49分)18. (6分)A、B、C、D、E均为中学化学常见的纯净物,B为自然界中含量最多的液体,它们之间有如下的反应关系:(1)常温下,若A为气态单质,C为非金属氧化物,A、C均能使品红溶液褪色,相对分子质量E>D,则该反应的化学方程式为:_____ ______ 。(2)若A为短周期的金属单质,D为气态单质,C溶液呈酸性或强碱性时,该反应都能进行。写出C溶液呈强碱性时反应的离子方程式: (3)若A、C均为化合物,E为白色沉淀,C为引起温室效应的主要气体,写出E可能的物质的化学式(写两种): , 。19.(11分)某课外活动小组设计下列实验装置,验证“二氧化碳与水接触时才能和过氧化钠反应”。(1)过氧化钠与二氧化碳反应的化学方程式是 ,该反应中,反应物的总能量 (填“大于”或“小于” ) 生成物的总能量。(2)装置Ⅰ中的试剂最佳组合是 (填序号) 。 a. 稀盐酸 b.稀硫酸 c.小苏打 d.石灰石(3)实验时,应先打开弹簧夹 (填K1 或K2 ),观察到装置Ⅱ中有气泡产生后,在a口收集一试管气体,检验带火星的木条是否复燃;然后,关闭该弹簧夹,再打开另一个弹簧夹。(4)实验过程中观察到带火星的木条始终不复燃。①为观察到最终木条复燃,甲建议在Ⅲ后安装一个盛有碱石灰的干燥管,目的是 ;②乙认为即使采纳甲的建议且最终观察到木条复燃,也不能证明CO2参与了反应,原因是 。(5)为进一步达到实验目的,应补充的实验是:取最终反应后Ⅲ中所得固体, 。20.(7分)有一固体混合物X,可能含有氯化钠、碳酸钾、亚硝酸钠、硫酸铝、碱式碳酸镁、碳酸氢钠等物质。为探究X的成分,设计方案并进行了如下实验:Ⅰ.将X粉末充分加热,有气体产生。Ⅱ.取一定量X粉末,加入足量的蒸馏水,粉末全部溶解,得到无色溶液。III.用铂丝蘸取少量Ⅱ中所得溶液,在火焰上灼烧,产生黄色火焰;透过蓝色钴玻璃观察,无紫色火焰。Ⅳ.取Ⅱ中无色溶液,滴入KMnO4酸性溶液,紫红色不褪去。Ⅴ.取Ⅱ中溶液,用惰性电极电解,开始时阳极产生的气体能使湿润的淀粉碘化钾试纸变蓝色。电解过程中测得溶液pH变化如右图所示。(1)根据实验Ⅳ可判断,一定不存在的物质是 。(2)X的成分是 (填化学式)。(3)实验Ⅴ中,0→t1时间内,电极反应式为: 阴极 。 (4)0→t1时间内,溶液pH升高比较缓慢的原因是: (用离子方程式表示)。21.(11分)信息时代产生的大量电子垃圾对环境构成了极大的威胁。某“变废为宝”学生探究小组将一批废弃的线路板简单处理后,得到含70%Cu、25%Al、4%Fe及少量Au、Pt等金属的混合物,并设计出如下制备硫酸铜和硫酸铝晶体的路线:请回答下列问题:⑴ 第①步Cu与酸反应的所有的离子方程式为________________________________;得到滤渣1的主要成分为___________________。⑵ 第②步调溶液pH的目的是__________________。⑶ 由滤渣2制取Al2(SO4)3·18H2O ,探究小组设计了三种方案:上述三种方案中,_________________方案不可行,原因是______________________;从原子利用率角度考虑,___________方案更合理。22. (14分) 铁是应用最广泛的金属,铁的卤化物、氧化物以及含氧酸盐均为重要化合物。(1) 在实验室中,FeCl2可用铁粉和 反应制备;(2) Fe与过量稀硫酸反应可以制取FeSO4。若用反应所得的酸性溶液,将Fe2+转化为Fe3+,要求产物纯净,可选用的最佳试剂是________(填序号)。a.Cl2 b.Fe c.H2O2 d.HNO3(3)某氧化铁样品中含有少量的FeCl2杂质。现要测定其中铁元素的质量分数,按以下步骤进行实验:请根据图的流程,回答下列问题:①操作I的目的为配制250.00ml样品溶液,则所用到玻璃仪器除烧杯、玻璃棒、胶头滴管以外,还必须有 (填仪器名称);操作II必须用到的仪器是 。(填字母)A.50ml烧杯 B.50ml量筒 C.100ml量筒 D.25ml滴定管②再加入氨水的离子方程式为 。③检验沉淀是否洗涤干净的操作是 。④将沉淀物加热,冷却至室温,用天平称量其质量为b1g,再次加热并冷却至室温称量其质量为b2g,若b1—b2=0.3,则接下来还应进行的操作是 。⑤若坩埚的质量为W1g,坩埚与加热后固体的总质量为W2g,则样品中铁元素的质量分数是 。⑥有学生认为上述实验步骤太繁琐,他认为,将样品溶于水后充分搅拌,在空气中加热蒸干、灼烧、称量即可,请你评价是否可行? 。(填“可行”或“不可行”)2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试化学答题卷第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共49分)总分(Ⅱ)第18题第19题第20题第21题第22题二、填空题(本题包括5小题,共49分)18. (6分) (1)化学方程式为:_____ ______ 。 (2)离子方程式为: 。(3)化学式(写两种): , 。 19.(11分)(1)化学方程式是 ;反应物的总能量 (填“大于”或“小于” ) 生成物的总能量。(2)最佳组合是 (填序号) 。(3)先打开弹簧夹 (填K1 或K2 )(4)①目的是 ;②原因是 。(5)取最终反应后Ⅲ中所得固体, 。20.(7分)(1)根据实验Ⅳ可判断,一定不存在的物质是 。(2)X的成分是 (填化学式)。(3)阴极: 。 (4)原因是: 。21.(11分)(1)离子方程式为_____________________ __ ________ _____;主要成分为___________________。(2)目的是___________ _______。(3)_________________方案不可行;原因是________________ ______;___________方案更合理。22. (14分) (1) 用铁粉和 反应制备;(2)最佳试剂是_____ ___(填序号)。(3)①还必须有 (填仪器名称);操作II必须用到的仪器是 。(填字母)②离子方程式为 。③操作是 。④接下来还应进行的操作是 。⑤样品中铁元素的质量分数是 。⑥请你评价是否可行? 。(填“可行”或“不可行”)2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试化学参考答案第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共51分)选择题(本题包括17小题,每小题3分,共51分。每小题只有一个选项符合题意)题号123456789答案BABCBDDDA题号1011121314151617答案CDDBCCDC第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共49分)二、填空题(本题包括5小题,共49分)18.(6分)(1) Cl2 + SO2 + 2H2O == H2SO4 + 2HCl (2分) (2) 2Al + 2OH- + 2H2O == 2AlO2- + 3H2↑ (2分) (3) H2SiO3 , Al(OH)3 (2分)19.(11分)(1)2Na2O2+2CO2=2Na2CO3 +O2 (2分) 大于 (1分)(2)b、c (1分) (3)K2 (1分)(4)①除去未充分反应的CO2 (2分) ②水与Na2O2反应生成氧气 (2分)(5)加入稀盐酸,将产生的气体通入澄清石灰水(合理答案均给分)(2分)20.(7分) (1)NaNO2 (1分) (2)NaCl与NaHCO3 (2分)(3)阴极:2H++2e-==H2↑或2H2O+2e-==H2↑+2OH- (2分)(4)HCO3- + OH- == CO32- + H2O (2分)21.(11分)(1)Cu+2NO3-+4H+ Cu2++2NO2↑+2H2O (2分)3Cu+2NO3-+8H+ 3Cu2++2NO↑+4H2O;(2分) Au和Pt。(2分)(2)使溶液中的Fe3+、Al3+转化为沉淀。(2分)(3)方案甲;(1分)甲中制得产品中一定含有较多的Fe2(SO4)3杂质;(1分)从原子利用的角度考虑,乙方案最合理。(1分)22.(14分)(1) 盐酸;(1分) (2) c; (1分)(3) ①250ml容量瓶(1分) D(1分)②Fe3++3NH3·H2O = Fe(OH)3↓+3NH4+ (2分)③取少量最后一次洗液于试管中,加入AgNO3溶液,若无白色沉淀,则沉淀洗净。(2分)④继续加热,冷却至室温时,称量,直至两次连续称量质量差不超过0.1g。(2分)⑤0.7(W2-W1)/a (2分) ⑥可行。 (2分)2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试历史试题命题人:吴云驾 审题人:毛治贫本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分为100分,考试时间100分钟。第Ⅰ卷(选择题 共44分)本卷共22小题,每小题2分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题目要求的。1.南宋何澹《龙泉县志》:“近境有剑池湖,世传欧冶子于此铸剑,其中一号龙渊。”龙泉原名龙渊,因剑而得名,唐时因避高祖李渊讳,改名龙泉。改名体现了A.维护皇权的独尊 B.借皇帝名号宣传C.宗法观念的影响 D.神化皇权的需要2.史学家钱穆在《理学与艺术》一书中说过:“论中国古今社会之变,最要在宋代。……故就宋代而言之,政治经济、社会人生,较之前代莫不有变。”下列史实不能佐证这一观点的是A. 宋朝开始营造“重文轻武”的社会氛围 B. 宋朝设置参知政事,削弱相权C. 宋朝农民生活水平高促进了诗词发展 D. 宋朝奠定以后城市经商的模式3.我们的南北分界自古是淮河跟秦岭一线。据美国学者贾志扬统计,唐代科第人物北方占绝对优势,然而到了宋朝,考中进士淮河以南却占了95.2%。这一现象出现主要源于A.丝绸之路的衰落 B.政治中心的转移C.程朱理学的兴起 D.经济重心的南移4.右图会议主题是“凝聚力量,成就未来”,它也是400多年前古徽商的“徽骆驼”精神的体现。当时该精神形成的根本原因是A.皖南地区优越的地理条件B.明清商品经济较为发达C.徽商拥有丰富的经营之道D.宋代对外贸易发展迅速5.历史学家徐中约指出:“在太平天国之后,湘军和淮军的官佐因功而擢升至重要职位,从前由满人占据的重要督抚位置现在落入了汉人之手。……外省大员在国是中的影响日益扩大,势力强大的巡抚和总督时时会摆脱中央政府自行其是”。作者所阐述的核心意思是A.清政府权力的转移有利于社会进步B.太平天国运动具有狭隘的民族主义色彩C.太平天国运动推动了满族贵族统治的瓦解D.太平天国运动促使清政府的权力由满人转移到汉人7.右图为近代外国人在我国通商口岸发行的一枚“商埠邮票”。与该邮票发行有直接关联的事件是A.《南京条约》的签订 B.《北京条约》的签订C.《马关条约》的签订 D.《辛丑条约》的签订8.妇女地位变化反映了社会生活的变迁。下表是1912年间私人开办的部分女子学校简况,从表中能得到的信息是学 校地点特 色中央女校北京设有六个年级,分为工艺组、纺织组等。神州女学上海设国文、图画等专修科,毕业生大多致力于政教的发展。女子法政学堂上海以培养妇女参政人才、储他日议院之选为学宗旨。A.妇女从传统的束缚中彻底解放出来,成为新式公民B.社会守旧势力依然强大,对新式女子教育提出异议C.肯定了人的基本权利,倡导政治、教育上男女平等D.教学内容适应妇女以后参与社会工作、参政等需要9.国民党中央上海执行部成立于民国13年2月,办公地点在今南昌路180号,至民国15年1月停止活动。该部由胡汉民、汪精卫、叶楚伧为常务委员,毛泽东、恽代英等分任秘书。下列活动与该组织无关的是A. 负责上海市及其周边地区的党务 B. 贯彻联俄、联共、扶助农工政策C. 组织工农群众迎接北伐军进上海 D. 举行追悼列宁、孙中山逝世活动10.蒋介石1938年8月31日日记云:“今日长江之敌已入挂形(易攻难退之地)与险形之地矣!不知地形之不可以战,此倭寇之必败也。”会战前后历时4月,战场跨5省,虽然最终失利,但是它翻开了抗日历史崭新的一页。此役指A.淞沪会战 B.太原会战 C.徐州会战 D.武汉会战A.日内瓦会议的圆满成功 B.建国初期中苏结盟C.万隆会议的圆满成功 D.巴黎和会上的外交失败12.右图是对最近30年中国发展奇迹成因的分析示意图。①最有可能代表的是A.创办经济特区红利 B. 经济全球化红利C.浦东开放开发红利 D. 中国加入WTO红利13.史学家修昔底德在《伯罗奔尼撒战争史》中写下了“男人就是城邦”之句。根据雅典民主政治的特点,以下属于公民范畴的“男人”包括A.温杜德,男,40岁,没有读过一天的书,大脑中度智障,居住在雅典的自由民B.麦克卡,男,28岁,满腹经纶,文武全才,来自波斯帝国,现暂住在雅典C.索斯丹,男,33岁,原为雅典平民,武艺超群,因无钱给父母治病,被迫卖身为奴D.艾梵德,男,11岁,雅典自由民,公认的神童14. 近代奥匈帝国是由奥地利和匈牙利于1867年组成的邦联制国家。帝国的皇帝虽一直由奥地利国王担任,但匈牙利对内享有很大程度的立法、行政、司法等自治权,在外交和国防等方面也有很大自由。下列国家政体与此相同的是( )A.1688年后的英国 B.1787年前的美国 C.1871年后的德国 D.1922年后的苏联 15.西方学者沃勒斯认为:“15世纪末16世纪初,一个我们所说的欧洲世界经济体产生了……现代资本主义的技巧和现代科学技术……使这个世界体得以繁荣,增值和扩展。”这是关于世界市场形成的“欧洲说”。下面可以为世界市场形成的“欧洲说”这个观点提供佐证的有①新航路开辟后,以西欧为中心的世界市场的雏形开始出现 ②西欧国家经过两次工业革命经济军事实力的增长及对外扩张 ③西欧国家是世界工业生产、贸易和科技中心 ④亚非拉美国家成为西欧国家的原料产地和商品市场A.①③④ B.①②③ C.②③④ D.①②③④16.右图为2012年7月28日伦敦奥运会开幕式第二章《混乱时代》中的一个场景,表达了对曾经的“世界工厂”的敬意和对这一改变人类历史进程时期进行的反思。如果给这一画面配上标题,最恰当的是A.《工业革命的红与黑》 B.《混乱时代的世界工厂》C.《浓烟滚滚 血泪滔滔》 D.《拔地而起 开天辟地》17.某年3月美国《生活》杂志刊登了一幅漫画:画中描绘了骑在一头熊背上的自由女神形象,她右手高举象征光明与自由的火炬,左手所执的白纸上写着“1776”、“1917”两个意味深长的年份,周边站着一群对之脱帽敬礼的俄国人。漫画创作的历史背景是A.《独立宣言》发表 B.俄国二月革命的爆发C.自由女神像落成 D.俄国十月革命的爆发18.比利时漫画家埃尔热于1929年所著的《丁丁在苏联》反映了记者丁丁前往苏联实地采访的经历。下列场景中,当时丁丁不可能经历的是在某农场看到一幅农民开拖拉机的宣传画听到不远处钢铁厂传来刺耳的机器轰鸣声看到远处莫斯科市民排着长队购买日用品与扬科夫去集贸市场在一肉摊前讨价还价19.下面照片反映了“二战”后资本主义国家经济发展的新变化,导致这一变化出现的直接原因是???A.西方社会危机十分严重 B.凯恩斯经济理论的盛行C.社会主义建设成果显著 D.第三次科技革命的要求20.克罗地亚学者纳达·道基说:“我们已经看到了南斯拉夫的垮台以及其他欧洲的社会主义的垮台。但是,这并不意味着社会主义没有发展前景了,即使在资本主义国家里,社会主义也是有前景的。”材料表明 A.两种社会制度彼此可以相互借鉴、相互促进 B.资本主义国家正在孕育着社会主义革命运动C.欧洲社会主义的垮台是西方国家颠覆的产物 D.马克思主义推动了资本主义国家的社会改良21.2012年7月20日路透社报道, WTO上个月裁定,中国对从美国进口的冷压薄板电工钢进行调查并征收反倾销与反补贴关税违反全球贸易规则,对此中国提起了申诉。同月27日美国商务部宣布,初步裁定中国出口的应用级风塔价格过低,其海关对此类产品进口商征收相应的反倾销税押金。由此可见A.世贸组织无法调解各国贸易纠纷 B. 发展中国家加入WTO弊大于利C.发达国家是全球化中最大受益者 D. 实现全球贸易自由化任重道远22.“与辛亥革命相比,这场革命与社会生活各个领域的变迁更加密切相关,革命的社会动员程度和民众参与积极性更加高涨,是在对政治共同体作出新的解说(新三民主义)的前提下,由一个新的政治上层来取得政权,建立起更强有力的政治体制。它反映的历史主流,是在中国建立起对外自主独立的、对内具备有效权力和权威体系的统一的现代民族国家。”材料运用的史学范式为A.现代化史观 B.唯物史观 C.文明史观 D.全球史观第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 共56分) 本卷共3大题,共56分,其中23题20分,24题20分,25题16分。23.(20分)阅读下列材料,回答问题。材料一 “论中国政治制度,秦汉是一个大变动。唐之于汉,也是一大变动。” “倘使我们说,中国传统政治是专制的,政府由一个皇帝来独裁,这一说法,用来讲明清两代是可以的。” —— 钱穆《中国历代政治得失》材料二 “民国成立后的二十年是一段令人愁丧的开始。……中国的首要问题仍是新旧之间不能衔接。……旧体制既已拆卸,新的尚未产生;只有私人军事力量可以在青黄不接之际维持短期团结。” ——黄仁宇《中国人历史》材料三 改革开放以来,“中国模式”引起了越来越多的关注和讨论。2008年2月7日德国《新德意志报》文章说:“中国定将实现一种特殊的民主,这种民主将考虑到这个大国的社会、文化和经济特点。这种亚洲“社会主义民主”所涉及的是史无前例地继续思考,不是抽象的复制西方资本阶级民主。”还有村委会“海选”,透明度高,每个选民都可以自主表达自己的意愿,所以一产生就受到农民的广泛拥护。——摘编自《中国新闻网》(1)结合所学知识,说明材料一中秦汉和唐朝政治制度“大变动”分别指什么?(2分)请用明清相关史实说明材料一中“政府由一个皇帝来独裁”的观点。(3分)(2)材料二中旧体制“已拆卸”是指什么?“不能衔接的新制度”又是指什么?(2分)试结合当时国内、国际形势来分析“拆卸”的背景。(8分)(3)据材料三和所学知识,指出新时期“中国模式”的主要特点。(3分)(4)综合上述材料,归纳中国历史上政治制度发展所反映的历史趋势。(2分)24.(20分)循环经济模式是人类可持续生存发展的唯一模式。实践证明,中国经济体制改革必须走自己的路。阅读下列材料:材料一 中国5000年的农业耕作史,土地连续利用,复种指数很高,但是地力并没有消失和枯竭,许多耕作技术至今还在使用,说明作为经济基础,可充分利用自然力的“自然循环经济”保障了中华文明的连续性。 材料二 工业革命以后,人类开始了对资源进一步的掠夺式开发,出现了传统工业化“大量开采、大量消费、大量废弃”的发展模式。与此同时,西方循环经济也初露端倪――马克思在《资本论》中已经描述了市场经济中发展出来的循环经济:“机器的改良,使那些在原有形式上本来不能利用的物质,获得一种在新的生产中可以利用的形式;科学的进步,尤其是化学的进步,发现那些废物的有用性质。”材料三 实现循环经济不可能一蹴而就,而是一个历史过程。(见示意图)?????????材料四 国务院参事徐嵩龄认为,“如果说,二十余年来,我国的社会主义市场经济体制尚未显著表现出超越发达资本主义国家的制度优势,那么循环经济可能是提供这一超越的机会。” ——以上均摘编自范小克《发展有中国特色的循环经济》请回答:(1)举出中国古代先进“耕作技术”的具体内容及其特点。(5分)(2)据材料二和所学知识,指出化学工业“废物利用”的事例,以及对人们生活的影响。(4分)(3)结合材料三,说说中国经济发展错失了哪些历史阶段的发展机遇?原因何在?(7分)你对材料四的观点是如何理解的?(4分)25.(16分)近代铁路的发展推动着各国的近代化进程。阅读下列,材料回答问题。材料一 李鸿章奏言:“苟有铁路以利师行,则一呼可集,声势联络,一兵能抵十兵之用”。刘铭传奏言:“中国幅员辽阔,防不胜防,驰逐往来则鞭长莫及。惟铁路一开,则东西南北呼吸相通”。——摘自吴剑杰《张之洞与近代中国铁路》材料二 张之洞奏言:“窃以为今日铁路之用,尤以开通土货为急”。“苟有铁路,则机器可入,笨货可出,本轻费省,土货旺销,则可大减出口厘税以鼓舞之。……铁路畅则利商,制造繁则利工,山农泽农之种植,牧竖女红之所成,皆可行远得价则利农。内开未尽之地宝,外收已亏之利权,是铁路之利,首在利民,民之利既见,而国之利因之”。——摘自吴剑杰《张之洞与近代中国铁路》材料三 “若……听其创办电线、铁路,则车驴任辇旅店脚夫之生路穷矣。……自洋人行之,则以外国而占内地之利;自华人之附和洋人者行之,亦以豪强而占夺贫民之利。皆不可行。” ——曾国藩(1)根据材料一,指出李鸿章和刘铭传对待铁路的态度及其理由。(6分)(2)与材料一相比,材料二从哪一角度来评价铁路的利弊?(2分)并结合所学知识分析张之洞提出这一主张的目的。(2分)(3)结合所学知识,谈一谈你对材料三观点的认识。(6分)2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试历史答题卷题号232425合计得分23、(20分)(1) (2) (3) (4) 24、(20分)(1) (2) (3) 25、(16分)(1) (2) (2) 宁国中学2012~2013学年第一学期高三年级期中考试数 学 试 题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,考试时间120分钟,满分150分。 2、请考生按规定将答案正确填涂在答题卷上,在试题卷上作答无效。第I卷 ( 选择题共50分)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分共50分) 1.已知全集,集合,则 A. B. C. D. 2.若的终边所在象限是( )A.第一象限 B.第二象限 C.第三象限 D.第四象限 3.曲线在处的切线平行于直线,则点的坐标为( ) A. B. C.和 D.和 5.已知变量满足,则目标函数是,则有 A. B.无最小值 C.无最大值 D.既无最大值,也无最小值6.( ) A.(0,1) B.(1,2) C.(2,e) D.(e,3)8.在同一坐标系中,函数与(>0且≠1)的图象可能是( ) (A) (B) (C) (D)9.下列对应是从集合到集合映射的是( ) A.的平方根 B. C. D.( ) A. B. C. D. 第II卷(非选择题 共100分)二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分共25分) 11.已知函数f(x)=若f(a)=,则a=________________________ 12.函数的定义域是 13.函数的图象恒过定点,若点A在直线 上,其中,则的最小值为 15.给出下列四个命题: ①命题的否定是; ②若0 ③函数的一个单调增区间是; ④对于任意实数x,有,且当x>0时,,则当x<0时,。其中真命题的序号是 (把所有真命题的序号都填上)。三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分,应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程及演算步骤。)16. (本小题满分12分)给定两个命题,:对任意实数都有恒成立; q:关于的方程有实数根;如果求实数 的取值范围.17.(本小题满分12分)设是实数,.(1)当为奇函数时,求的值;(2)证明:对于任意在上为增函数.18. (本小题满分12分)已知向量.记 ( I ) 求函数f(x)的最小正周期及单调递增区间; (Ⅱ) 19. (本小题满分12分)设函数,若函数在x=1处与直线相切。 ①求实数a,b的值; ②求函数上的最大值.20.(本小题满分13分)在三角形ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别是a,b,c,已知 3acos A=ccos B+bcos C. (1)求cos A的值. (2)若a=1,cos B+cos C =,求边c的值 .21.(本小题满分14分)设a为实常数,函数f(x)=-x3+ax2-4.(1)若函数y=f(x)的图象在点P(1,f(1))处的切线的倾斜角为,求函数f(x)的单调区间;(2)若存在x0∈(0,+∞),使f(x0)>0,求a的取值范围.2012~2013学年第一学期高三年级期中考试数学答题卷题号二161718192021总分得分二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分.)11、 12 13 14 15 三、解答题(本大题共6小题, ,共75分.)16. (本小题满分12分)给定两个命题,:对任意实数都有恒成立; q:关于的方程有实数根;如果求实数的取值范围.17.(本小题满分12分)设是实数,.(1)当为奇函数时,求的值;(2)证明:对于任意在上为增函数. 18. (本小题满分12分)已知向量.记 ( I ) 求函数f(x)的最小正周期及单调递增区间; (Ⅱ) 19. (本小题满分12分)设函数,若函数在x=1处与直线相切。 ①求实数a,b的值; ②求函数上的最大值.20.(本小题满分13分)在三角形ABC中,角A,B,C的对边分别是a,b,c,已知 3acos A=ccos B+bcos C. (1)求cos A的值. (2)若a=1,cos B+cos C =,求边c的值 .21.(本小题满分14分)设a为实常数,函数f(x)=-x3+ax2-4.(1)若函数y=f(x)的图象在点P(1,f(1))处的切线的倾斜角为,求函数f(x)的单调区间;(2)若存在x0∈(0,+∞),使f(x0)>0,求a的取值范围宁国中学2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试数学试题(理科) 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分,满分150分,考试时间120分钟。第I卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,满分50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)1.设集合,集合, 则( ) A. (1,4) B. (3,4) C. (1,3) D. (1,2)∪(3,4)2.函数的零点的个数为( )A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 33. 若,,则( ) A. B. C. D. 4.设、都是非零向量,下列四个条件中,使成立的充分条件是( )A. B. C. D.且5.已知函数的图像与轴恰有两个公共点,则( )A. B. C. D. 6http://21世纪教育网/ 设点,,若点在直线上,且,则点的坐标为( )A. B. C. (3, 1)或(1, -1) D. (3, 1)或(1, 1)试卷第1页(共4页)8. 当a≠0时,函数和的图象只可能是下列中的( )9. 已知,函数在单调递减, 则的取值范围是( )A. B. C. D. 第II卷二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分,把答案填在题中横线上)11. 命题“”的否定是 。12. 在△ABC中,M是BC的中点,AM=3,BC=10,则=________.13. 计算定积分___________。14.已知函数的值域为,若关于x的不等式的解集为,则实数c的值为 .15. 设函数,则下列结论正确的是 (写出所有正确结论的序号)。①的定义域为R ②的值域为 ③是偶函数④是周期函数 ⑤是单调函数试卷第2页(共4页)三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)16. (本小题满分12分)已知a=(2sinx,m),b=(sinx+cosx,1),函数f(x)=a·b(x∈R),若f(x)的最大值为. (1)求m的值; (2)若将f(x)的图象向左平移n(n>0)个单位后,关于y轴对称,求n的最小值.17. (本小题满分12分)设函数,为正整数,为常数,曲线在(1,f(1))处的切线方程为.(1)求的值;(2)求函数的最大值18. (本小题满分12分)在△ABC中,内角A,B,C的对边分别为a,b,c。已知cosA=,sinB=C。(1)求tanC的值;(2)若a=,求△ABC的面积。试卷第3页(共4页)19. (本小题满分13分)在某交通拥挤地段,交通管理部门规定,在此地段内的车距d(米)与车速v(千米/小时)的平方和车身长的积成正比,且最小车距不得小于半个车身长,假定车身长均为S(米),且当车速为50(千米/小时),车距恰好为车身长.问交通繁忙时,应规定怎样的车速才能使此地的车流量最大(车流量即为1小时所通过的车辆数)?20. (本小题满分13分)(1)△ABC中,证明: (2)计算:21.(本小题满分13分)已知函数,.(1)写出的单调递增区间,并证明;(2)讨论函数在区间上零点的个数.试卷第4页(共4页) 2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试数学答题卷(理科)一、选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分)题号12345678910答案二、填空题(本大题共5小题,每小题5分,共25分)11、 12、 13、 14、 15、 三、解答题(本大题共6小题,共75分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤)宁国中学2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试英语试题本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分第Ⅰ卷第一部分 听力 (共20小题,每小题1.5分,满分30分)第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man think of the suggestion?A. He agrees. B. He opposes. C. He has no idea.2. How many students got prizes?A. Seven. B. Ten. C. Twenty-eight.3. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers?A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Shop assistant and customer.4. Where does the dialogue take place?A. At a restaurant. B. At the doctor’s. C. In a coffee shop.5. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The professor was nervous to have class.B. Everyone was afraid to be called on by the professor.C. The man felt happy when the professor called on him.第二节(共15小题,每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。6. Where are the speakers probably talking?A .In an office .B. In a shop. C. At Jim’s home.7. What volunteer job will the man do?A. Write stories for children. B. Take care of children. C. Give lessons to children.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8. How large is the buyer’s family?A. It consists of a couple and four children.B. It includes a man and his wife.C. It has four members. How does the man learn about the house?A. He reads about it in the newspaper.B. He sees it on South Florida Street.C. His wife tells him about it.10. What’s the man most worried about?A. The size of the house.B. The appearance of the house.C. The down payment on the house.听第8段材料,回答第11至14题。11. What is the man planning to do with his friends?A. Watch a football game.B. Go for a drive and have a picnic.C. See a movie and have dinner.12. Why can’t the woman go with them at the beginning?A. She has to study for an exam.B. She has to attend a party.C. She doesn’t have enough money.13. How is the woman getting to the activity?A. She’s driving her car.B. The man will pick her up.C. She’s taking the bus.14. When does the woman want to be back?A. At 10:30 p.m. B. At 11:30 p.m. C. At midnight.听第9段材料,回答第15至17题。15. What did the woman spend much time doing in her honeymoon?A. Queuing. B. Waiting for bus. C. Looking for hotels.16. Where did the man go for holiday?A. To Florida B. To Bali Islands. C. To Paris.17. What didn’t the man do there?A. He didn’t go diving.B. He didn’t play table tennis.C. He didn’t take photos in the ocean.听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。18. Who are the listeners?A. Patients. B. Visitors. C. Nurses.19. When can visitors see patients?A. At 2:00 p.m. B. At 5:30 p.m. C. At 7:30 p.m.What is the purpose of the speech? To introduce the radio program.B. To welcome new patients.C. To announce the hospital rules.第二部分 英语知识应用(共两节,满分35分) 语法和词汇知识(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 21. He has ____ eight-year-old son who has ___ gift for playing the piano.a, a B. an, the C. an, a D. the, a____ with enough equipment for the experiment, they are expecting to finish it as soon as possible.Supplied B. To be supplied C. Supplying D. To supplied Early ___ the morning of May 1, we started off ___ the mountain village.in, for B. in, to C. on, / D. on, for---Why don’t we come to that room to have a meeting?---It ____.has repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. would be repaired.---I’m worried about the examination. ---_____.You’ll make it B. No trouble at allC. Well done D. Not at allJohn went to the hospital alone. If he ______ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told---How was your job interview? ---Oh, I couldn’t feel ____. I was very nervous.better B. worse C. easier D. happierThis company is asked to make its accounts ___ for its staff to monitor the use of money.transparent B. reasonable C. secure D. formalThe fact disappointed many people ___ Liu Xiang was injured again in London Olympic Games.what B. which C. that D. though---What about the package of food? ---You’d better ____ it at the service counter before entering the bookstore.A. allocate B. purchase C. deposit D. postponeThe result turned out to be good, ___ was better than we could expect.what B. which C. that D. itTry ___ she might, she couldn’t get it done.if B. when C. since D. as33. ________the weather will be like tomorrow, we’ll go surfing.A. No matter how B. No matter what's C. No matter what D. No matter if34. I found _____ very difficult to learn maths well. A. what B. it C. that D. this35. Mark?______?have?hurried.?After?driving?at?top?speed,?he?arrived?half?an?hour?earlyA.?needn’t???????????B.?wouldn’t???????C.?mustn’t???????????D.?couldn’t? 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分30分) 阅读下面的短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从36~55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能填人相应空白处的最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Children of nude model upset by dad's unusual part-time job Wang Xuzhong, 84, never thought his children would disown(脱离关系) him because of his part-time job as a nude model(裸模) at universities. Wang, along with many other _36_ residents without stable incomes, has found that _37_ modeling can be a good job but also a secret that can never be shared with _38_. Wang's wife 39 15 years ago and his youngest son passed away in 2007. Gray-haired _40_ in good health, he lives _41_ and relies on his monthly pension of 800 yuan ($130) in Chengdu in Southwest China's Sichuan province. His oldest son visits him once a week, 42 clean clothes and some food. His two daughters 43 him once in month. "We are not close," he said. 44 lonely at home, he began work in April as a model at universities after 45 introduced by a friend. His new job requires him to hold a 46 , naked, for 45 minutes in front of students, for which he is paid 60 to 100 yuan an hour. He 47 about 1,400 yuan a month. Wang worked as a tailor until 2002 when he closed his shop 48 he found the work too tiring. "Now I am modeling for art, and it brings 49 happiness than ever. It's a career deserving 50 ," he said, adding that the extra income 51 him to buy more shrimps, his favorite food.During breaks, he dresses and strolls around the classroom 52 the students draw him. "I'm quite 53 and happy to see excellent work, 54 makes me feel valuable, a feeling I did not have before taking this job." But this sentiment is not shared by his _55who changed the lock at his house to keep his father out and who rejected visits by his father on learning about his new job.A. senior B. young C. old D. junior A. old B. man C. nude D. WomanA. friends B. family C. relatives D. sons A. was dead B. was dying C. had died D. diedA. so B. and C. but D. orA. alone B. lonely C. dependently D. independently A. carrying B. fetching C. taking D. bringing A. watch B. see C. observe D. detect A. Feeling B. To feel C. Felt D. Feel A. was B. is C. been D. being A. position B. gesture C. situation D. pose A. earns B. pays C. borrows D. lends A. when B. because C. though D. unlessA. less B. more C. fewer D. little A. respect B. money C. time D. disown A. makes B. lets C. has D. allowsA. to watch B. watch C. watching D. watched A. interested B. disappointed C. satisfied D. excited A. what B. it C. that D. whichA. residents B. children C. son D. daughter第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分, 满分40分) 阅读下列短文, 然后从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中, 选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACharlie Stowe waited until he heard his mother snore before he got out of bed. Even then he moved with caution and tiptoed to the window. The front of the house was irregular, so that it was possible to see a light burning in his mother’s room. But now all the windows were dark…Charlie Stowe was frightened. But the thought of the tobacconist’s shop which his father kept down a dozen wooden stairs drew him on. He was twelve deep below, and the little shop lay under a thin layer of stale smoke which would completely cover up his crime. That it was a crime to steal some of his father’s stock. Charlie Stowe had no doubt, but he did not love his father, his father was unreal to him, a shadowy figure, pale, thin, indefinite, who noticed him only occasionally and left even punishment to his mother. For his mother he left a strong love, from her speech he judged her the friend of everyone. But his father’s affection and dislike were as indefinite as his movements. Tonight he had said he would be in Norwich, and yet you never knew. Charlie Stowe had no sense of safety as he crept down the wooden stairs. At the bottom of the stairs he came out quite suddenly into a little shop. It was too dark to see his way, and he did not dare touch the switch. For half a minute he sat in despair on the bottom step with his chin in his hands. Then the regular movement of the searchlight was reflected through an upper window and the boy had time to fix in memory the pile of cigarettes, the counter, and the small hole under it. The footsteps of a policeman on the pavement made him grab the first packet to his hand and dive for the hole. A light shoe along the floor and a hand tried the door, then the footsteps passed, and Charlie hid in the darkness.At last he got the courage back by telling himself in his strangely adult way that if he were caught now there was nothing to be done about it, and he might as well have his smoke. He put a cigarette in his mouth and then remembered that he had no matches.56. Charlie was frightened because__________ .A. he was going to steal a cigarette B. the boys at school might laugh at himC. he had never smoked a cigarette before D. his father was waiting downstairs57. How did Charlie feel about his father?____________ .A. He was a little jealous of him B. He always felt safe with him C. He used to like him very much D. He thought he was unpredictable58. As soon as he went into the shop, Charlie____________A. switched the light on B. didn’t care about safetyC. sat down on the stairs D. could see the cigarette59. What did Charlie do when he heard the policeman?_______________A. He ran back to the upstairs. B. He hid under the counter.C. He put the cigarettes down. D. He tried to get out of the door.BWhen you are being interviewed for a job, remember that it is normal for many people to be nervous, particularly in such a stress-producing situation. There are plenty of job-indeed, probably most-where a little nervousness isn’t looked at askance. It does help to dry a damp brow or a clammy hand just before meeting the interviewer, but otherwise, don’t be too concerned about the outward manifestations of you nervousness. Experienced interviewers will discount most physical signs of nervousness. The only one that people have a hard time ignoring is a fidgety hand. Interviewees who constantly twist their hands or make movements that are dramatically distracting are calling to their nervousness.Remember that interviewers talk to people in order to hire, not because they enjoy embarrassing uneasy applicants. One way to overcome a flustered feeling, or “butterflies in the stomach”, is to note that interviewers want to hire people who have something to offer the company. If interviewers think you will fit into their organization, you will be the one who is sough after. It’s almost as if you are interviewing them to see if they are good enough for you.60. According to the passage, the outward sign of nervousness that most attracts the attention of interviews is____________. A. clammy hands B. a jittery stomachC. restless hand gestures D. a damp brow61. An interviewer is someone who_______________. A. seeks facts from prospective employeesB. enjoys embarrassing uneasy applicantsC. discounts physical signs of nervousnessD. always overcomes a flustered feeling62. It can be inferred from the passage that overcoming nervousness is a matter of _______.A. being dramatic and aggressive and destroying your confidenceB. wiping your head and hands before entering the interview roomC. realizing that interviews are two-sided and making the most of itD. taking several tranquilizers or having some sugar before interview63. “butterflies in the stomach” means________.A. stomach disease B. bringing up foodC. a happy feeling D. a nervous feelingCDiamond value is based on four characteristics: carat, color, clarity, and cut. A diamond’s size is measured by carat weight. There are 100 points in a carat and 142 carats in an ounce. Each point above one carat is more valuable than each point below one carat. Thus a stone that weighs more than one carat is more valuable per point than a stone that is smaller than one carat.The scale used for rating a diamond’s color begins with “D”, which means the stone is absolutely colorless and therefore most valuable. “E” and “F” are almost colorless. All three are good for investments. A stone rated between “G” and “J” is good for jewelry. After that the stones take on a slightly yellowish color, which gets deeper as the grade declines.The clarity of a stone is determined by its lack of carbon spots, inner flaws, and surface blemishes. While most of these are invisible to the unaided eye, they do affect the diamond’s brilliance. For jewelry, a diamond rated WS1(very slight imperfections) is as closed to flawless as one will find. After that the scale goes to WS2,VS1,VS2,S11,S12, 11,12 and so on.The final characteristic is cut. When shaped (round, oval, emerald, marquise, pear, or heart), the diamond should be faceted so that light is directed into the depths of the prism(棱镜) and the reflected outward again. A well-cut diamond will separate the light into different colors when reflected. Only stones of similar shape are more reflective qualities compared, as some shapes are more reflective than others. For example, the round shape is the most reflective.64. The passage is mainly about__________A. buying diamonds for jewelry B. tips on diamonds investmentC. how to judge an expensive diamond D. qualities affecting diamonds value65. What can be said about a one-carat diamond? __________.A. It can be called a 142-ounce diamondB. It costs twice as much as a smaller oneC. It also can be described as 100 pointsD. It has the same quality as a 0.5C diamond66.A stone that has no color at all is rated ___________________A. A B. D C. J D. Z 67. Clarity of a stone ________________A. affects the diamond’s brilliance B. is determinedly imperfectionsC. is invisible to the unaided eye D. has spots, flaw and blemishesDDo you intend to study at American University? It takes a long time to get accepted at most American schools, perhaps as much as a year. That’s why you should start choosing a school as soon as possible. It’s also a good idea to apply to several different institutions, so that you’ll have a better chance of acceptance at one. You should start looking for information now, because the more information you have about each college, the better choice you can make.There are two good ways to get information you need. One is a general reference book, called Guide to American Colleges and Universities. The other food source of information is the catalogue published by each school.You can study the general guide in almost any American library. This book has many useful statistics, such as the number of students, the average test scores for people accepted to the school, the number of books in the library, and the number of faculty members. You can also find the address of each school in this book.Although the general guidebook has helpful information, some of the facts may be out-of-date. For instance, many schools raise their tuition every year. Since you’ll need to know what your education will cost, out-of-date information will not be good enough. Also, schools sometimes chance their requirements for entrance. To be sure that you are getting current information, write to the university and ask for its catalogue. The catalogue not only has more detailed information. For instance, the catalogue can tell you if there is a special foreign student advisor, what kind of courses are offered, and what kind of housing is available. Some universities have dormitories, but at others you have to find own place to live.With all of this information, you should be able to pick out several good schools.68. What was the main topic of this talk? _______________.A. Sources of information about US universitiesB. The difference between colleges and universitiesC. Different kinds of American universitiesD. How to get accepted at an American university69. What can you find in a general guide to Universities? _____________ .A. Definitions of current slang expressionsB. Statistics about the American economyC. Addresses, student number of the schoolsD. The highest and lowest scores for entry70. According to the speaker, what is one reason you should write for a catalogue? ______________A. Catalogue give the names of the faculty members.B. Information in catalogue is current and detailed.C. Addresses are given for the dormitories.D. There are too many details in the guidebook.71. What information is NOT included in a catalogue?A. The courses offered that year B. The scores students need gainC. How much money will be paid D. Whether dormitories available EEngland’s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unmanned since it was officially closed in 1970. Dents, situated high in the hills of Yorkshire, wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter train unloads walkers, highest station to its platforms. But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end. Dent station is situated on the settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most scenic in the country. But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from the British Rail’s cash problems.This year, for the sake of economy, the express trains which used to pass through Dent station have been put to another route.It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line. Most of its trains disappeared some times ago. Bridge, built on a grand scale a century ago, is falling down. It is not alone. Half a dozen railway routes in the North of England are facing a similar threat. The problem is a worn out system and an almost total lack of cash to repair it. Bridges and tunnels are showing their ages, the wooden supports for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old.On major lines between large cities, the problem is not too bad. These lines still make a profit and cash can be found to maintain them. But on the country branch line, the story is different. As track wears out, it is not replaced. Instead speed limits are introduced, making the journey longer than necessary and discouraging customers.If a bridge is dangerous, there is often one thing for British Rail to do: go out and find money from anther source. This is exactly what it did a few months ago when a bridge at bridling station was threatening to fall down. Repairs were estimated at 200,000 pounds just for one bridge and British Rail was delighted and rather surprised when two local councils offered half that amount between them.Since 1970 Dent station has been used ________________A. only by some hill walkers B. only by some local peopleC. only for a part of each year D. only in all the summer daysOf all the railway routes in British the one which passes through Dent _________. A. carries the greatest number of touristsB. is the most expensive number of touristsC. is the most historic and money-raising routeD. passes through the most attractive countrysideThe most urgent problem for many country railway lines is that of __________A. repairing stations B. repairing enginesC. rebuilding bridges D. renewing coachesIn order to improve the financial situation of the country railway lines, British Rail should __________ .A. increase the fares and tickets B. appeal to some local councilsC. introduce more speed limits D. reduce scale of maintenance第Ⅱ卷 (共35分)第四部分:写作(共两节, 满分35分) 第一节: 任务型读写(共10小题;每空1分, 满分10分)阅读下列短文, 根据所读内容在文章后的表格中填入恰当的单词。注意:表格中的每个空格只填1个单词。Teaching kids to fish sometimes puzzles us parents. Now I’d like to give you a few tips.First of all, start them young.Get them in a boat, or on a pier(码头), or on the bank at as young an age as you possibly can. Obviously this means being extremely conscious about their safety. Whatever you do, DON’T plan on any fishing yourself. If fishing is going to happen, the fishing will be done by the kids with your help! This lets you pay attention to them and not ignore them while you fish.Next, make sure you plan the first trips to someplace where you can actually catch a lot of fish. At this point, it doesn’t matter what kind or how big, just make sure they can catch some. A small child’s patience is very short, and waiting 30 minutes for a bite will turn them off in a hurry. You may need to go to a small pond where the fish are dying to eat bread balls. Any type of fish will do. Remember, this is for them, not for you.As they fish, cheer for every fish they catch. Make a really big deal out of it. Take pictures. And if it’s possible, take some home to clean. Let the child help you clean with a table knife, so he can’t get hurt.Make sure he makes and sees the connection from catching to cleaning to cooking. As soon as you have the fish cleaned, it’s into the kitchen to start cooking. Make him flour and cornmeal the fish. Let him see the fish cooking, and talk about how good they are. Then when it’s ready, make sure you brag(吹嘘) on the fact that he (or she ) caught these fish, and “aren’t they good?”In this way, I’m sure your kids will be interested in fishing and good at fishing.Title: Teach a kid to fishStart them young·Be aware of (76)_________·Plan a fishing trip for the (77)_________ not for yourself.Plan the first fishing (78)_______·Choose places where the kids can catch fish easily because a small child’s patience doesn’t (79)_________ long. ·Regardless of (不管)the kind and (80)_________ of fish.Cheer for every fish they catch·Make a big deal out of it.·Take pictures. ·Take some home and let the child help to clean with a table knife to avoid (81)_________ hurt.(82)_________ the fish they catch·(83)_________him to flour and cornmeal the fish.·Let him see the fish cooking.·Talk about how good they are.(84)_________·Make them (85)_________ in and good at fishing.第二节: 书面表达 (满分25分) 假设你是某英语报刊“heart to heart”栏目的编辑,负责回复读者来信,要求根据来信内容对读者进行安慰与鼓励,并对其“学得很累”和“感到孤独”的状态提出建议。 Dear editor, I’m a Senior-3 student. I failed in an exam again but my goal is to enter one of the top universities. However, now I find I cannot study as hard as before and easily feel tired. I also feel lonely sometimes. What am I to do? Grace2012~2013学年度第一学期高三年级期中考试英语答题卷第四部分:写作(共两节, 满分35分) 第一节: 任务型读写(共10小题;每空1分, 满分10分)76. 77. 78. 79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85. 第二节: 书面表达 (满分25分) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 安徽省宁国中学2013届高三上学期期中考试化学试题.doc 安徽省宁国中学2013届高三上学期期中考试历史试题(无答案).doc 安徽省宁国中学2013届高三上学期期中考试数学(文)试题(无答案).doc 安徽省宁国中学2013届高三上学期期中考试数学(理)试题(无答案).doc 安徽省宁国中学2013届高三上学期期中考试英语试题(无答案).doc