资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 2　Improving yourself
Period 3　Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
词汇积累
①values n．[pl.] 是非标准，生活准则，价值观
moral values 道德信条
②spending power 消费能力
③vary from person to person 因人而异
④be faced with 面临，必须对付(某种情况)
⑤headline ['hedlaIn] n．媒体报道的热门话题；标题
hit/make the headlines 成为重要新闻
⑥see vt.[熟词生义] 为……发生的时间/地点
⑦max out(钱)花光；(信用卡)刷爆
⑧in contrast to 与……形成对比
⑨spender n．花钱……的人
a big spender 花钱大手大脚的人
⑩barrier n．障碍，阻力
a barrier to (doing) sth.(做)某事的障碍(to为介词)
district [ 'dIstrIkt] n．地区，区域
necessity [nI'sesIti] n．[C]必需品　
a basic necessity of life 一件基本生活必需品
toothpaste ['tu θpeIst] n．[U]牙膏
soap [s p] n．[U，C]香皂
a bar/piece of soap 一条/一块肥皂
soap bubbles 肥皂泡
soap opera 肥皂剧
pocket money 零花钱
crowd funding众筹
item ['aIt m] n．[熟词生义]一件商品(或物品)
a little bit 稍微，有点儿
on doing(sth.) 一……就……
unprecedentedly [ n'presIdentIdli]
adv.空前地
unprecedented [ n'presIdentId]
adj. 前所未有的，空前的，没有先例的
take courses 修读课程
personal finances (个人的)财务管理
finance ['faIn ns] n．财务
financial adj.财务的，金融的
at hand(在时间或距离上)接近
method of doing (sth.) 做某事的方法
jar] d ɑ ] n．(玻璃)罐子，广口瓶
invest [In'vest] v．投资
invest in... 投资…… investment n. [U] 投资
in control of 掌管，控制
more than 不仅仅，不只是
lifelong ['laIfl ] adj.终身的，毕生的
a lifelong friend 一位一生的朋友
be responsible for 为……负责
the here and now现时，当下
vision ['vI ( )n] n．[C] 构想，设想
involve doing (sth.) 包括做某事
be up to sb.由某人决定
likewise ['laIkwaIz] adv.同样地；相似地
put aside 储存，保留
help out 帮助(某人)摆脱(困境)
an animal charity 动物慈善机构
cause n．[熟词生义](支持或为之奋斗的)事业，目标，思想
a good cause 崇高的事业
believe in 相信
wide adj.[熟词生义]一般的，广泛的(常用比较级或最高级)
objectively [ b'd ektIvli]
adv.客观地
[反义词] subjectively adv.主观地
if you like换句话说，可以说(在句中作插入语)
the valuable 珍贵的东西
“the＋adj.”指一类人或物。
equip [I'kwIp] v．使有知识和技能，使能够胜任
equip sb.to do sth.使某人有能力做某事
informed adj.有学问的，有见识的
an informed choice/decision/ guess/opinion有依据的选择/决定/猜测/看法
Valuable Values①
The spending power② of young people varies from person to person③. Each，however, is faced with④ the same question: [1]what to do with their money Some handle this less well than others. Recent headlines⑤ have seen⑥ [2]more and more teens maxing out⑦ their parents' credit cards on games or other online activities．
[1]此处是“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，作question的同位语。
[2]此处是v. ing短语的复合结构，作宾语。
In contrast to⑧ these big spenders⑨， there are also teens that prove age is no barrier⑩ to making good use of money. With the help of her grandmother, eight year old Khloe Thompson started making “Kare Bags” for the homeless people in her district .[3]Inside the bags are necessities such as toothpaste ， soap and socks, bought first with her pocket money and then through crowd funding .These items helped to [4] make the lives of poor and homeless people a little bit easier．On receiving a Kare Bag, one woman said，“You [5]make me feel like a human being．”
[3]本句是完全倒装。主语过长，表语过短，故句子运用了倒装。过去分词短语“bought first...crowd funding”作后置定语，修饰necessities。
[4]此处是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，形容词短语a little bit easier作宾补。
[5]此处是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，不带to的不定式短语feel like a human being作宾补。
[6]However people intend to use their money, managing it seems to be unprecedentedly important to younger generations.A 2016 study said 17 states of the US require high school students to take courses in personal finances. For those who have no access to courses, help might be at hand thanks to Jerry Witkovsky and his method of using four jars to teach teenagers how to spend their money wisely.
[6]本句是主从复合句。however引导让步状语从句，可替换为no matter how；主句中v. ing短语managing it作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
When Jerry's grandchildren turned 13, his present to each of them was three jars: one for Spending, one for Saving, and another for Giving—he has since added a fourth jar for Investing.[7]It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in control of what to do with the money they receive：spend, save, invest or give Jerry's birthday present to his grandchildren is, however, much more than money and a few jars—he is giving them the opportunity [8]to learn lifelong values．
[7]本句是强调句型，强调的是时间状语from then on。they receive是省略了关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the money。
[8]不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the opportunity。
[9]The value taught with the Spending jar is that you are responsible for your own happiness.Money gives you independence and the opportunity to buy something you like.[10]After all, it's OK to be nice to yourself!
[9]本句是主从复合句。that引导表语从句，过去分词短语taught with the Spending jar作后置定语，修饰The value。
[10]句子主干是“it's＋adj.＋动词不定式”结构，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to be nice to yourself。
[11]While the Spending jar is about the here and now, the Saving jar gives you a vision for the future. This could involve saving for university, but it could also mean saving for that special something you've seen in the stores—it's up to you.
[11]while在此作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而、然而”。
The Investing jar not only represents a vision for the future, but gives the opportunity to build for the future.[12]Although this could likewise involve putting aside money for your university education, it also means investing in yourself.
[12]本句是主从复合句。although引导让步状语从句。
The Giving jar is all about kindness and helping. [13]Whether you want to help out a friend, give money to an animal charity or to children in another country, it's your money to give to whatever cause you believe in.
[13]本句是主从复合句。“Whether...country”是“whether...or...”引导的让步状语从句。whatever cause you believe in是whatever引导的宾语从句。
[14]The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think more objectively about money and the things that it can do, so that they grow up understanding, if you like, the value of the valuable. In this way, they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make informed choices about [15]how they use the money they have. Indeed, the small change inside their jars could mean a big change in how they manage their money.
[14]本句是主从复合句。so that引导目的状语从句，在该从句中v. ing短语“understanding...the valuable”作伴随状语，if you like作插入语。目的状语从句对应的主句中不定式短语“to encourage...”作表语，定语从句that it can do修饰先行词the things。
[15]how引导宾语从句；they have是省略了关系代词that/which的限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the money。
宝贵的价值观
年轻人的消费能力因人而异。不过，每个人都会面临同样的问题：如何使用手中的钱？有些人在这点上做得就不如其他人好。最近媒体报道的热门话题是，越来越多的青少年在打游戏或其他网络活动中刷爆了父母的信用卡。
与这些花钱大手大脚的人相比，也有一些青少年证明，年龄并不是有效利用金钱的障碍。在祖母的帮助下，八岁的科洛·汤普森开始为她所在地区的无家可归者制作“科洛爱心包”。爱心包里面装着牙膏、肥皂和袜子等必需品。一开始她用自己的零花钱来买这些，后来则是通过众筹来采购。这些物品帮助穷人和无家可归的人生活得稍微轻松一些。一收到“科洛爱心包”，一位女士就说：“你让我觉得自己还是个人。”
无论人们打算如何使用自己的钱，对于年轻的几代人来说，管理金钱似乎具有前所未有的重要性。2016年的一项研究显示，美国有17个州要求高中生学习个人理财课程。对于没有机会参加课程的人，帮助也可能近在咫尺，这多亏了杰瑞·维特科夫斯基和他用四个罐子教青少年如何明智地花钱的方法。
杰瑞的孙子孙女们满13岁时，他给每个人的礼物是三个罐子：一个用于消费，一个用于储蓄，一个用于捐赠。此后，他又增加了一个用于投资的罐子。就是从那时起，他的孙子孙女们开始掌控如何使用他们收到的钱：消费、储蓄、投资还是捐赠？杰瑞给孙子孙女们的生日礼物远不只是金钱和几个罐子——他给了他们学习终身受用的价值观的机会。
消费罐所教授的是你要为自己的幸福负责。金钱给了你独立和购买喜欢的东西的机会。毕竟，对自己好点儿没错！
消费罐关乎当下，而储蓄罐则关乎对未来的规划。这可能包括攒大学的学费，但也可以是为你在商店里看到过的某件特别的物品存钱——一切都由你决定。
投资罐不仅代表了对未来的规划，还给了人们创造未来的机会。虽然这同样会涉及为你的大学教育存钱，但这也意味着给自己投资。
捐赠罐所关乎的就是善良和帮助了。无论你想帮助一个朋友摆脱困境，捐款给一家动物慈善机构，还是捐款给另一个国家的小孩，这些都是在把自己的钱投入到你认为好的事情上。
这些罐子更大的意义在于鼓励青少年更加客观地思考金钱和金钱能做的事情，以便他们长大后能明白，换句话说，珍贵事物的价值。这样，他们在成年后就能更好地做出成熟明智的选择来使用他们的钱。事实上，他们罐子里的小变化可能意味着他们管理钱的方式上的大变化。
Ⅰ.Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1(Paras. 1－2) ______　A．The wider aim of the jars.
Part 2 (Paras. 3－8) ______ B．Ideas on what to do
with the money differ among young people.
Part 3 (Para. 9) ______ C．Jerry's method of
using four jars to teach teenagers how to spend their money wisely.
答案：BCA
Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer to each question.
1．What is the common problem young people face despite differences in spending power
A．How to use parents' credit cards.
B．How to celebrate their birthday.
C．How to deal with their money.
D．How to take courses in personal finances.
2．How did Khloe Thompson make good use of money
A．She bought classroom things with her pocket money.
B．She bought daily necessities with her pocket money.
C．She bought four jars to save her pocket money.
D．She made “Kare Bags” to help the homeless people.
3．Which of the following is the American way of educating teenagers to use money
A．Maxing out their parents' credit cards on study rather than on online activities.
B.Requiring high school students to take courses in personal finances.
C．Making “Kare Bags” for the homeless people with crowd funding.
D．Putting their money into different jars for a rainy day.
4．What can we learn from the story “how to spend your money using four jars”？
A．We should motivate teenagers to come to understand the real value of using money.
B．We should give teenagers the opportunity to build for the future.
C．We should give teenagers independence and the opportunity to buy something they like.
D．We should motivate teenagers to help those in need around the world.
答案：1－4.CDBA
Ⅰ.核心词汇·练通
根据课文语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词
1．recent headlines 最近媒体报道的热门话题
2．the homeless people in her district 她所在地区的无家可归者
3．lifelong values 终身受用的价值观
4．give you a(n) vision for the future 对未来的规划
5．a bag of nails 一袋钉子
Ⅱ.拓展词汇·用活
根据提示写出相应的单词
1．necessity n．必需品→necessary adj.必要的；必需的
2．invest v．投资→investment n．投资→investor n．投资者
3．objectively adv.客观地→objective adj.客观的；公正的；真实的→object vi.反对；不赞成→objection n．不赞成，反对；异议
4．equip v．使有知识和技能，使能够胜任；装备；配备→equipment n．设备；装备
Ⅲ.重点短语·再现
根据课文语境及汉语提示填入合适的短语
1．The spending power of young people varies_from person to(从……到……不等) person.
2．Recent headlines have seen more and more teens maxing_out(刷爆) their parents' credit cards on games or other online activities.
3．In_contrast_to(与……形成对比) these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money.
4．It was from then on that his grandchildren started to be in_control_of(掌控) what to do with the money they receive: spend, save, invest or give
5．Although this could likewise involve putting_aside(储存) money for your university education, it also means investing in yourself.
Ⅳ.重点句型·呈现
根据课文语境及汉语提示补全句子
1．完全倒装
Inside_the_bags_are_necessities(袋子里是必须品) such as toothpaste，soap and socks，bought first with her pocket money and then through crowd funding.
2．make＋宾语＋宾补
These items helped to make_the_lives_of_poor_and_homeless_people
a_little_bit_easier(让穷人和无家可归的人生活得稍微轻松一些).
3．“on doing (sth.)意为“一……就……”
On_receiving_a_Kare_Bag(一收到科洛爱心包)，one woman said，“You make me feel like a human being.”
4．“whether...or...”意为“无论/不管……还是……”
Whether_you_want_to_help_out_a_friend,_give_money_to_an_animal_charity_or_to_children_in_another_country(无论你想帮助一个朋友摆脱困境，捐款给一家动物慈善机构，还是捐款给另一个国家的小孩), it's your money to give to whatever cause you believe in.
[词汇知识过关]
max out　 (钱)花光；(信用卡)刷爆
(教材P20)Recent headlines have seen more and more teens maxing out their parents' credit cards on games or other online activities.
最近媒体报道的热门话题是，越来越多的青少年在打游戏或其他网络活动中刷爆了父母的信用卡。
pick out 挑出；辨别出
work out 想出；计算出；制定出；锻炼
break out (火灾、洪水、战争等)爆发
leave out 省略；遗漏；忽略
①He claimed his wife had drained his bank account and maxed out all his credit cards.　他声称他妻子已经花光了他银行账户上的钱，并刷爆了他所有的信用卡。
②(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out.
在如此忙碌的生活中，很难找到时间锻炼身体。
[练通]——用out的相关短语填空
(1)The teacher stressed again that the students should not leave_out any important details while retelling the story.
(2)You are lucky enough to be picked_out from so many applicants for the job.
(3)After a fire broke_out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
[写美]——完成句子
(4)你真聪明，在这么短的时间内解出了这道数学题。
It's clever of you to work_out_the_math_problem in such a short time.
(5)我的信用卡欠款太多了；我刷爆了这些信用卡，用来支付我的培训费用。
I have so much credit card debt; I maxed_them_out to pay for my training.
in contrast to/with　 与……形成对比
(教材P20)In contrast to these big spenders, there are also teens that prove age is no barrier to making good use of money.　与这些花钱大手大脚的人相比，也有一些青少年证明，年龄并不是有效利用金钱的障碍。
(1)by contrast 对比起来，相比之下
(2)contrast v. 对比，对照；形成对比
contrast A and/with B 对比A和B
contrast with... 与……形成对比
①In contrast with her sister, she is very tall.
与她的姐姐相比，她个子很高。
②The coastal areas have mild winters, but by contrast the central plains become extremely cold.　沿海地区的冬天天气暖和，可是相比之下中部平原却异常寒冷。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Contrast his work and/with hers, and you'll find the writing styles of them are the same.
(2)She failed the exam last week, but her sister, by contrast, did very well.
[写美]——完成句子
(3)与他害怕的表情相比，他的女朋友看起来很镇定。
In_contrast_to/with_his_terrified_look,_his girlfriend looks calm.
equip　 v.配备；装备；使有知识和技能，使能够胜任
(教材P21)In this way，they will be better equipped in their adult lives to make informed choices about how they use the money they have.　这样，他们在成年后就能更好地做出成熟明智的选择来使用他们的钱。
(1)equip...with... 用……装备……
equip sb. for sth./ to do sth. 使某人为(做)某事而准
备；使某人具备(做)
某事的条件
(2)equipment n. 设备，器材；配备，装备
a piece of equipment 一件设备
①Most parents want to equip their children with a good education to promote themselves.
大多数父母想让他们的孩子接受良好的教育来提升自我。
②It's a modern，well equipped hospital，and all its equipment is of high quality.　这是一个现代的、装备精良的医院，它所有的设备都是高质量的。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are_equipped (equip) with reflective vests and safety lights.
(2)It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak(speak).
(3)They spent a lot of money equipping the school with new computers.
[写美]——句式升级
(4)(普通表达)They are equipped with new scientific farming methods，so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.
(高级表达)Equipped_with_new_scientific_farming_methods，they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. (分词短语作状语)
[经典句式过关]
完全倒装
(教材P20)Inside the bags are necessities such as toothpaste，soap and socks，bought first with her pocket money and then through crowd funding.
爱心包里面装着牙膏、肥皂和袜子等必需品。一开始她用自己的零花钱来买这些，后来则是通过众筹来采购。
句中“Inside the bags are necessities...”是介词短语位于句首构成的完全倒装。
英语中句子的主谓完全倒装的常见情况有：
(1)表示地点和方位的介词(短语)位于句首，句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(如lie、stand、live、sit、exist等)；
(2)here、there、now、then、 in、out、away、up、down、off等副词位于句首，句子的谓语动词为be、come、go等，且句子的主语是名词。
①On the bank of the Thames stands a famous tower — London Tower.
在泰晤士河畔矗立着一座著名的塔——伦敦塔。
②Down came the rain and up went the umbrellas.
下雨了，伞都撑起来了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)Under the big tree sat (sit) a group of children，who were talking and laughing happily.
(2)There still exist (exist) different opinions on his being chosen as our director.
[写美]——完成句子
(3)在书的上面是你要找的相册。
On_top_of_the_books_is_the_photo_album you are looking for.
(4)那个男孩手里拿着一个苹果冲了出去，这让他的父母很尴尬。
Out_rushed the boy with an apple in his hand，leaving his parents embarrassed.
make ＋宾语＋宾补
(教材P20)These items helped to make the lives of poor and homeless people a little bit easier.
这些物品帮助穷人和无家可归的人生活得稍微轻松一些。
本句使用了“make＋宾语＋宾补”的复合结构，句中的形容词 easier作宾语补足语。
(1)在“make＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，宾补可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、名词或形容词；当“make＋宾语＋do sth.”变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要加上；
(2)当宾语比较长时，常用“make＋it＋宾补＋宾语”这一结构，it为形式宾语；
(3)除make外，find、think、feel、watch也可用于此结构。
①More highways have been built in China，making it much easier for people to travel.
中国已建成了许多高速公路，这使得人们出行更加容易。
②To make herself understood，she tried her best to promote herself，but in vain.
为了让别人理解自己，她尽了她最大努力去提升自己，但都是徒劳。
[练通]——单句语法填空
(1)People in the west make it a rule to_buy(buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.
(2)My parents would like to make me study(study) 24 hours a day.
(3)His actions made him universally respected(respect).
[写美]——完成句子
(4)任何事情都不能使失去的时间被弥补。
Nothing can make_it_possible_for_lost_time_to be made up.
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．(浙江卷)Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers，some school districts(地区) have decided to start high school classes later than they used to.
2．(2019·北京卷)If they run out of certain daily necessities (必需品), Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what's needed.
3．Consumer spending on sports related items(物品) amounted to $9.75 billion.
4．I didn't read the whole paper. I just glanced at the headlines(标题).
5．(2019·北京卷) You may have chances to meet new people who'll become your lifelong(终身的) friends.
6．He had a(n) vision(设想) of a world in which there would be no wars.
Ⅱ.选词填空
equip ...with..., put aside, in control of, in addition to，in contrast to
1．In_addition_to giving me some advice，he gave me some money.
2．The president had to put_aside some pet programs to deal with a crisis.
3．After the father died，his son was in_control_of the company.
4．You should equip_yourself with_the knowledge you can acquire. Only thus can you be confident of yourself.
5．In_contast_to your belief that we will fail, I am confident that we will succeed.
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