黑龙江省哈九中2013届高三第三次月考

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黑龙江省哈九中2013届高三第三次月考

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哈尔滨市第九中学
2013届高三学年第三次月考
化 学 试 题
(考试时间:90分钟 满分:100分 共4页 命题人:王丽 审校人:许岳)
可能用到的相对原子质量:H—1 O—16 Na—23 Mg—24 Cl—35.5 Fe—56 Cu—64
Ⅰ卷(选择题 共50分)
一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意,共25小题,共50分)
1.以下说法不正确的是
A.由一种元素组成的物质可能是混合物
B.盛放酒精的试剂瓶可以粘贴的危险品化学标志为右图
C.丁达尔效应是胶体粒子对光散射形成的
D.能电离出氢离子的化合物不一定是酸
2.对处于化学平衡状态的体系,依据化学平衡与化学反应速率的关系可知下列说法正确的是
A.化学反应速率变化时,化学平衡一定发生移动
B.化学平衡发生移动时,化学反应速率一定变化
C.反应向正反应方向进行时,正反应速率一定增大
D.只有使用催化剂,才会出现化学反应速率变化但化学平衡不移动的情况
3.下列说法中正确的是
A.溶液是电中性的,胶体是带电的
B.SiO2是将太阳能转化为电能的常用材料
C.原电池中盐桥的作用之一是使电解质溶液中的阴阳离子通过盐桥进行传递
D.日用铝制品表面覆盖着氧化膜,对内部金属起保护作用
4.已建立平衡的某可逆反应,当改变条件使化学平衡向正反应方向移动时,下列叙述正确的是
(1)生成物的体积分数一定增加   (2)生成物的产量一定增加 (3)反应物的转化率一定增大   (4)反应物浓度一定降低
(5)正反应速率一定大于逆反应速率 (6)加入催化剂可以达到以上目的
A.(1)(2)    B.(2)(5)  C.(3)(5)    D.(4)(6)
5.设NA为阿伏加德罗常数的值,下列叙述正确的是
A.电解含有9.5克MgCl2的氯化镁溶液,能产生2.4gMg
B.电解精炼铜时,当阳极反应1 molCu时,电路中已转移的电子为2 NA个
C.25 ℃时,1 g水中约含有10-10NA个OH-
D.标准状况下,在100 ml 2mol/LH2SO4溶液中加入足量Na2SO3稀溶液,可收集 4.48 LSO2气体
6.下列有关说法正确的是
A.CaCO3(s)=CaO(s)+CO2(g)室温下不能自发进行,说明该反应的△H﹤0
B.镀铜铁制品镀层受损后,铁制品比受损前更容易生锈
C.N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g) △H﹤0,其他条件不变时升高温度,氢气的反应速率和平衡转化率均增大
D.水的离子积常数Kw随着温度的升高而增大,说明水的电离是放热反应
7.用阳极a和阴极b电解足量c的水溶液一段时间,然后加入d,能使溶液恢复到电解前状态,a、b、c、d正确组合是
8.依据元素周期表及元素周期律,下列推断正确的是
A.H3BO3酸性比H2CO3强 B.若M+和R2-核外电子层结构相同,则原子序数:R>M
C.Mg(OH)2的碱性比Be(OH)2的强 D. HCl、HBr、HI的热稳定性依次增强
9.标准状况下,在三个干燥的烧瓶中,①烧瓶装入干燥纯净的NH3 ②烧瓶装入含一半空气的HCl ③烧瓶装入NO2和O2(体积比为4:1)的混合气,然后分别用水做喷泉实验。实验结束后①、②、③三个烧瓶中所得溶液的溶质的物质的量浓度之比为
A.2 : 1 : 2 B. 5 : 5 : 4 C. 1 : 1 : 1 D.无法确定
10.下列离子方程式正确的是
A.0.01mol/L NH4Al(SO4)2溶液与0.02 mol/LBa(OH)2溶液等体积混合产生沉淀:
NH4++Al3++2SO42?+2Ba2++4OH?=2BaSO4↓+ Al(OH)3↓+NH3·H2O
B.切开的金属钠放置于空气中表面变暗: 2Na+O2=Na2O2
C.向NaHCO3溶液中加入过量的澄清石灰水,出现白色沉淀:
2HCO3-+Ca2++2OH-=CaCO3↓+CO32-+2H2O
D.向FeCl3溶液中加入Na2S溶液产生沉淀:2Fe3++3S2-+6H2O=2Fe(OH)3↓+3H2S↑
11.在体积恒定的密闭容器中,一定量的SO2与1.1molO2在催化剂作用下加热到600℃发生反应:2SO2 + O2 2SO3,ΔH<0。当气体的物质的量减少0.315mol时反应达到平衡,在相同温度下测得气体压强为反应前的82.5%。下列有关叙述正确的是
A.当SO3的生成速率与SO2的消耗速率相等时反应达到平衡
B.降低温度,正反应速率减小程度比逆反应速率减小程度大
C.将平衡混合气体通入过量BaCl2溶液中,得到沉淀的物质的量为0.63mol
D.达到平衡时,SO2的转化率为80%
12.将足量CO2通入下列各溶液中,所含离子还能大量共存的是
A.K+、SiO32-、Cl-、NO3- B.H+、NH4+、AlO2-、SO42-
C.Na+、S2-、CO32-、SO42- D.Na+、Ba2+、CH3COO-、HCO3-
13.下列热化学方程式中,正确的是
A.甲烷的标准燃烧热的△H为-890.3kJ·mol-1,则甲烷燃烧的热化学方程式可表示为
CH4(g)+2O2=CO2(g)+2H2O(g) △H=-890.3kJ·mol-1
B.500℃、30MPa下,将0.5mol N2和1.5molH2置于密闭的容器中充分反应生成NH3,放热
19.3 kJ, 其热化学方程式为N2(g)+3H2(g) 2NH3(g) △H=-38.6kJ·mol-1
C.盐酸和NaOH溶液反应的中和热△H为-57.3kJ·mol-1,则稀硫酸和Ca(OH)2溶液反应的中和热△H=-114.6kJ·mol-1
D.在101kPa, 2g H2完全燃烧生成液态水,放出285.8kJ的热量,氢气燃烧的热化学方程式为
2H2(g)+O2(g)=2H2O(l) △H=-571.6kJ·mol-1
14.三个容积不同的密闭容器中分别充满O2、N2、CH4三种气体,当这些容器内的气体温度和密度均相等时,这三个密闭容器内单位体积所含分子数的相互关系正确的是
A.n(O2)>n(CH4)>n(N2) B.n(O2)>n(N2)>n(CH4)
C.n(CH4)>n(N2)>n(O2) D.n(O2)=n(N2)=n(CH4)
15.在一定条件下,向一带活塞的密闭容器中充入2mol NO2,发生下列反应2NO2(g) N2O4(g) ΔH < 0,达到平衡状态后,在t1时刻改变
条件,化学反应速率随时间变化关系如图。下列
对t1时刻改变条件的推测中正确的是
A.保持压强不变,升高反应温度
B.保持温度和容器体积不变,充入1mol N2(g)
C.保持温度和容器体积不变,充入1mol N2O4 (g)
D.保持温度和压强不变,充入1mol N2O4 (g)
16.1L溶液中含有下列离子,用Pt电极电解该溶液,当电路中有3mol e?通过时(忽略电解时溶液体积的变化及电极产物可能存在的溶解现象),下列说法正确的是
离子
Cu2+
Al3+
NO3-
Cl-
物质的量浓度(mol/L)
1
1
a
1
A.电解后溶液的pH=0 B .a=3
C.阳极生成1.5molCl2 D .阴极析出的金属是铜和铝
17.被称为万能还原剂的NaBH4(NaBH4中H为-1价)能溶于水并和水反应,NaBH4+2H2O===NaBO2+4H2↑,下列有关该反应的说法中,正确的是
A.NaBH4既是氧化剂又是还原剂 B.NaBH4是氧化剂,H2O是还原剂
C.等物质的量的NaBH4、Na分别与足量水反应,生成的氧化产物,NaBH4比Na少
D.被氧化的元素与被还原的元素质量比为1∶1
18.下列与金属腐蚀有关的说法不正确的是
①图a中,插入海水中的铁棒,越靠近海水与空气交接处腐蚀越严重
②图b中,开关由M改置于N时,Cu-Zn合金的腐蚀速率减慢
③图c中,接通开关时Zn腐蚀速率增大,Zn上放出气体的速率也增大
④图d中,Zn-MnO2干电池自放电腐蚀主要是由MnO2的氧化作用引起的
A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.④⑤
19.合成氨反应为N2+3H22NH3,今有A、B、C、D四个容器,每个容器中有两种操作,两种操作分别达到平衡后,操作1中N2和操作2中NH3转化率之和一定不为1的是(起始体积相同)
A.恒温恒容:操作1:加1 mol N2+3 mol H2,操作2:加2 mol NH3
B.恒温恒压:操作1:加1 mol N2+3 mol H2,操作2:加2 mol NH3
C.恒温恒容:操作1:加1 mol N2+3 mol H2,操作2:加3 mol NH3
D.恒温恒压:操作1:加1 mol N2+3 mol H2,操作2:加3 mol NH3
20.如图所示:,每个编号代表下列物质中的一种物质,凡是用直线相连的两种物质均能发生化学反应。供选择的物质有:a.铁;b.稀H2SO4;c.Na2CO3溶液;d.BaCl2溶液;e.Cu(NO3)2溶液;f.MgSO4溶液。图中编号④代表的物质是
A.H2SO4     B.MgSO4   C.Cu(NO3)2   D.BaCl2
21.已知W、X、Y、Z为短周期元素,W、Z同主族,X、Y、Z同周期,W的气态氢化物的稳定性比Z的气态氢化物的稳定性强,X、Y为金属元素,X的阳离子的氧化性小于Y的阳离子的氧化性。下列说法正确的是
A.W与X形成的化合物中只含离子键 B.Y X Z W的原子半径依次减小
C.W的气态氢化物的沸点一定高于Z的气态氢化物的沸点
D.若W与Y的原子序数相差5,则二者形成化合物的化学式可能为Y3W2
22.在25℃时向VmLPH=a的盐酸中加入PH=b的NaOH溶液10VmL时,溶液中Cl-的物质的量恰好等于Na+的物质的量,则a+b的值是
A.13 B.14 C.15 D.不能确定
23.某二元弱酸(简写为H2A)溶液,按下式发生一级和二级电离:H2A H++HA?;HA? H++A2 ? ,下列四种溶液中 c (H2A)最大的是
A.0.01 mol·L-1的H2A溶液 B.0.01 mol·L-1的NaHA溶液
C.0.02 mol·L-1的盐酸与0.04 mol·L-1的NaHA溶液等体积混合液 D.0.02 mol·L-1的NaOH与0.02 mol·L-1的NaHA溶液等体积混合液
24.肼(H2N-NH2)是一种高能燃料,有关化学反应
的能量变化如图所示,已知断裂1mol化学键所需
的能量(kJ):N≡N为942、O=O为500、N-N为
154 , 则断裂1molN-H键所需的能量(kJ)是
A.194 B.391
C.516 D.658
25.将一定量的Fe、Fe2O3、CuO的混合物放入体积为l00mL、浓度为2.2mol·L-1的H2SO4溶液中,充分反应后,生成气体 896mL(标况),得到不溶固体1.28 g,过滤后,滤液中的金属离子只有Fe2+(假设滤液体积仍为 100mL)。向滤液中滴加 2mol·L-1的 NaOH溶液至40mL时开始出现沉淀。则未滴加 NaOH溶液前滤液中 FeSO4的物质的量浓度为
A.2 mol·L-1????? ? B.l.8 mol·L-1    
C.1.9 mol·L-1??? ? D.无法计算 II 卷 (非选择题 共50分)
26(9分)下图是周期表的一部分,试回答下列问题:











(1)元素②有两种原子10X和9X,下列说法正确的是_______
a.是同一种核素 b.具有相同的中子数
c.几乎具有相同的化学性质 d.具有相同的物理性质
①与⑦具有相似的化学性质,写出①的氯化物水解反应的化学方程式___________________
(2)⑩和⑾两元素形成的某化合物可作为干燥剂,试写出其电子式________________
(3) ③④⑤⑥四种元素氢化物的沸点由低到高排列为___________(用元素符号表示)
(4) 元素⑨X的单质和元素④Y的最高价氧化物的水化物反应的还原产物为YO和YO2,且YO和YO2的物质的量之比为1:1,写出该反应的化学方程式__________________________
(5)⑧号元素M形成的盐K2MO4是一种强氧化剂,可作为水处理剂和高容量电池的材料。
与MnO2-Zn电池相似,K2MO4—Zn也可以组成碱性电池,其正极反应式为___________________总反应的离子反应式为________________________________。
27(6分)为了缓解能源短缺带来的困扰,新能源越来越受到人们的重视;其中,乙醇就是一种污染较小的有机燃料,新型的乙醇汽车已经研制成功。下表列出了一些物质的燃烧热:
物质
氢气
一氧化碳
乙烷
乙烯
乙醇
化学式
H2(g)
CO(g)
C2H6(g)
C2H4(g)
C2H5OH(l)
△H(kJ·mol-1)
-285.8
-283.0
-1559.8
-1411.0
-1366.8
(1)氢化热是1mol碳碳双键与氢气发生加成反应生成碳碳单键时的焓变。
写出乙烯的氢化热的热化学方程式____________________________________
(2)瑞尼镍是乙烯氢化反应的重要催化剂之一,它是用NaOH溶液处理铝镍合金,
溶去铝后得到灰黑色的小颗粒多孔性的镍粉,写出该过程的化学方程式_________________
(3)乙醇和CO2生成H2和CO混合气体,当其中氢气体积为1m3(标准状况)时,所需的能量为_____________________kJ(请用上述数据列出计算式,不必计算出结果)
28(12分X是一种新型无机材料,它与碳化硅(SiC)结构相似、物理性质相近。 X有如下的转化关系:其中,C是一种能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝的无色气体,D为白色胶状沉淀,E溶液的焰色反应火焰呈黄色,M是一种常见金属,过量的M与L可生成Q和I。
X与A溶液反应的离子方程式为
(2)把红热的木炭投入到L的浓溶液中,可发生剧烈反应,①化学方程式为_________________
②若把产生的气体通入足量的饱和碳酸氢钠溶液中,再把逸出的气体干燥后通入足量的过氧化钠固体,充分反应后,再通入水中,最后收集到的气体是 ______________________
若把产生的气体直接通入足量的澄清石灰水中,现象是__________________________
(3)将K、I、G混合气体充满容器后倒置于水槽中,气体完全溶解,溶液充满整个容器。则三者的物质的量之比可能为_______
A.1∶1 ∶1 B.4∶2∶2.5 C.4∶8∶7 D.6∶4∶5
所得溶液的浓度范围__________________________(标准状况)
(4)熔融条件下,化合物A中金属元素所对应的单质Z与Q可组成可充电电池(装置如下),
反应原理为:2Z+Q M+2E
①放电时,电池的正极反应式为__________________________
充电时,_________(写物质名称)电极接电源的负极。
29.(11分)实验题
如图所示,是制取氯气并探究氯气的性质的实验装置。图中:①氯气发生装置;②溴化亚铁溶液;③15 mL 30% KOH溶液,并置于水浴中;④石灰乳;⑤尾气吸收装置。已知:氯气和碱的反应为放热反应。温度较高时,氯气和碱还能发生如下反应:3Cl2+6OH-5Cl-+ClO3-+3H2O
① ② ③ ④ ⑤
(1)实验时为了除去氯气中的氯化氢气体,可在①与②之间安装盛有______________(填写下列编号字母)的净化装置。
A.碱石灰    B.饱和食盐水     C.浓硫酸     D.饱和碳酸氢钠溶液
(2)通入足量氯气后,②中反应的化学方程式为_____________________________________,实验结束后,将②中液体与适量CCl4溶液混合,充分静止、振荡,现象为______________________。
(3)利用③反应后的溶液可制备KClO3晶体,实验过程:溶液→蒸发浓缩→冷却结晶→过滤→洗涤→干燥→氯酸钾晶体。蒸发浓缩时,当_________________________时,应停止加热;洗涤时,如何检验晶体已洗涤干净(请简述操作方法):____________________________________。
(4)④的产物中Ca(ClO)2的质量明显小于理论值。为探究产物的组成,另取一定量的石灰乳,缓慢、匀速地通入足量氯气, ClO-、ClO3-两种离子的物质的量(n)与反应时间(t)的关系曲线如右图所示(不考虑氯气和水的反应)。则图中曲线I表示_________离子的物质的量随反应时间变化的关系,所取石灰乳中含有Ca(OH)2的物质的量为______________mol。
30.(12分)在一定条件下发生化学反应:2SO2(g)+O2(g) 2SO3(g) △H= ?197kJ/mol。现有容积均为1L的甲、乙、丙、丁 四个容器,在上述条件下分别充入气体,到达平衡时,反应放出的热量(Q),及平衡时的转化率(X)如下表所示:
容器
起始时各物质的量
到达平衡时放出的热量(QkJ)
平衡时SO2转化率 (X)
SO2(mol)
O2(mol)
SO3(mol)
N2

2
1
0
0
Q1
X1

1
0.5
0
0
Q2=39.4
X2

1
0.5
0
1
Q3
X3

1.8
0.9
0.2
0
Q4
X4
(1)下列说法一定正确的是 ____________________
a、2Q3=2Q2﹤Q1﹤197kJ b、2X3=2X2﹤X1﹤100%
c、Q1﹥Q4 且 X1﹥X4 d、SO3的质量m:m甲=m丁>2m乙
e、容器内压强p:p甲=p丁>2p乙 f、c(SO2)与c(O2)之比k:k甲=k丙>k乙
h、若乙的体积为2L,则到达平衡时放出的热量小于39.4kJ
(2)某时刻甲容器内反应达到平衡,保持恒温恒容;
①假设又向容器内加入一定量的SO2气体,则X(SO2)____________(填“增大”或“减小”),O2的浓度________(填“增大”或“减小”)
②假设又向容器中加入一定量的SO3(g), X(SO2)___________ (填“增大”或“减小”)
(3)平衡时,乙容器中SO2的体积分数为____________%(保留两位有效数字),该反应的平衡常数为__________________(填具体值和单位,保留两位有效数字)
(4)如图表示某一时间段中该反应反应速率与反应过程的关系(t2、t4、t5)时刻改变的条件都只有一个)。①t 2时改变的条件是________________ ②若t 5时降低压强,试画出t—v图像
③若各阶段对应的平衡常数如图所示
t 1—t 2
t 3—t 4
t 4—t 5
t 6—t 7
K1
K2
K3
K4
则各平衡常数间的大小关系为__________________________________(由大到小排列)
参考答案
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
B
B
D
B
C
B
D
C
B
A
C
D
D
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
D
D
A
A
A
C
C
D
D
C
B
B
26(9分)(1)C (1分) BeCl2+2H2OBe(OH)2+2HCl(2分)(可逆)
(2)CaCl2电子式(2分)(3)CH4<NH3<HF<H2O 或C﹤N﹤F﹤O(2分)
(4)Se+2HNO3=NO↑+NO2↑+H2SeO3(SeO2+H2O也可)或2Se+6HNO3=2H2SeO4+3NO↑+3NO2↑+H2O (2分)
27(6分各2分)C2H4(g)+H2(g)=C2H6(g)△H=-137kJ/mol 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2↑
339.6×103/(3×Vm)或(-1366.8+285.8×3+283×3)×103/(3×Vm)
28(12分)(1)3Fe+8HNO3=3Fe(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O(2分)
(2)C+4HNO3(浓)=CO2↑+4NO2↑+2H2O(加热)(2分)(浓,加热不占分) O2 (1分)
开始无沉淀后产生 白色沉淀(1分) 溶液上方出现红棕色气体(1分)
(3)D (1分) 0.026~0.036或4/(7×22.4)~4/(5×22.4)或1/39.2~1/28(2分)
(4)Fe2++2e-=Fe(1分) 钠(1分)
29(11分)(1)B(1分)
(2)3Cl2+2FeBr2=2FeCl3+2Br2(2分)分层,上层水层黄色,下层有机层橙红色(或红棕色)(2分)
(3)出现少量晶体(2分)取最后一次滤液,加入硝酸酸化的硝酸银,不产生白色沉淀,则洗净。(2分)
(4) 0.25(2分)
30.(12分)(1)减小(1分)减小(1分)(2)减小(1分)46(2分)1.5L?mol-1(2分)(数值和单位各1分)(3)升高温度(1分) 画图(1分) K1﹥K2=K3=K4 (1分)(4)ab(2分)
第三次月考化学答案
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
B
B
D
B
C
B
D
C
B
A
C
D
D
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
D
D
A
A
A
C
C
D
D
C
B
B
26(9分)(1)C (1分) BeCl2+2H2OBe(OH)2+2HCl(2分)(可逆)
(2)CaCl2电子式(2分)(3)CH4<NH3<HF<H2O 或C﹤N﹤F﹤O(2分)
(4)Se+2HNO3=NO↑+NO2↑+H2SeO3(SeO2+H2O也可)或2Se+6HNO3=2H2SeO4+3NO↑+3NO2↑+H2O (2分)
27(6分各2分)C2H4(g)+H2(g)=C2H6(g)△H=-137kJ/mol 2Al+2NaOH+2H2O=2NaAlO2+3H2↑
339.6×103/(3×Vm)或(-1366.8+285.8×3+283×3)×103/(3×Vm)
28(12分)(1)3Fe+8HNO3=3Fe(NO3)2+2NO↑+4H2O(2分)
(2)C+4HNO3(浓)=CO2↑+4NO2↑+2H2O(加热)(2分)(浓,加热不占分) O2 (1分)
开始无沉淀后产生 白色沉淀(1分) 溶液上方出现红棕色气体(1分)
(3)D (1分) 0.026~0.036或4/(7×22.4)~4/(5×22.4)或1/39.2~1/28(2分)
(4)Fe2++2e-=Fe(1分) 钠(1分)
29(11分)(1)B(1分)
(2)3Cl2+2FeBr2=2FeCl3+2Br2(2分)分层,上层水层黄色,下层有机层橙红色(或红棕色)(2分)
(3)出现少量晶体(2分)取最后一次滤液,加入硝酸酸化的硝酸银,不产生白色沉淀,则洗净。(2分)
(4) 0.25(2分)
30.(12分)(1)减小(1分)减小(1分)(2)减小(1分)46(2分)1.5L?mol-1(2分)(数值和单位各1分)(3)升高温度(1分) 画图(1分) K1﹥K2=K3=K4 (1分)(4)ab(2分)
哈尔滨市第九中学
2013届高三学年第三次月考
数学(文)试题
(考试时间:120分钟 满分:150分)
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共60分)
选择题(本题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分。在下列各题的四个选项中,只有一项是最符合题意的)
1.已知集合集合则
A. B. C. D.
2.下列有关命题的说法正确的是
A.命题“若则”的否命题为“若则”
B.“”是 “”的必要不充分条件
C.命题“若”则“”的逆否命题为真
D.命题“”的否定是“对任意。”
3.已知函数的值域为,则正实数的值为
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
4.若为600°角终边上一点,则
A. B. C. D.
5.已知数列的前n项和,满足且则
A. 1 B. 90 C. 100 D. 55
6.如果那么
A. B.
C. D. 在上的投影相等
7.在矩形ABCD中,AB=4,BC=3,沿AC将矩形ABCD折叠,连接顶点B,D形成三棱锥B-ACD,
其正视图和俯视图如图所示,则其侧视图的面积为
A.
B.
C.
D.
8.已知函数的图像在点处的切线与直线平行,若数列的前n项和为,则的值为
A. B. C. D.
9.已知正项等比数列则 的值为
A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5
10. 在中,已知,为中点,则
A. B. C. D.
11.已知下图是一个空间几何体的三视图,
则该几何体的外接球的表面积为
A.
B.
C.
D.
12.设是定义在R上的偶函数,对任意的有,且时,
,若在区间内关于的方程,恰有3个
不同实数根,则的取值范围是
A. B. C. D.
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题,共90分)
二、填空题(本题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分)
13. 若平面向量与的夹角为,,则 ;
14. 若内有两个不同的零点,则的取值范围是______;
15. 若函数有最小值,则实数的取值范围是_________;
16. 点在正方体的对角线上运动,则给出四个结论
① 三棱锥的体积不变 ②
③ ④ 平面
其中所有正确的结论的序号是 .
三、解答题(本题共6小题,17题10分,18-22题每题12分,共70分)
17.(本小题共10分)
已知不等式
(1) 若,求不等式的解集.
(2) 已知不等式的解集不是空集,求的取值范围.
18.(本小题共12分)
已知数列满足
(1) 求数列的通项公式.
(2) 若,求数列的前n项和.
19. (本小题共12分)
已知,,函数
中任意两个元素,且的最小值为.
(1) 求的值.
(2) 在中,..
20.(本小题共12分)
如图,在四棱锥P-ABCD中,为的中点,,.
(1) 证明:;
(2) 证明:;
(3) 求三棱锥的体积.
21.(本小题共12分)
已知数列满足
(1) 设.
(2) 设,,求数列的前n项和.
22. (本小题共12分)
已知函数
(1) 求函数f(x)的单调区间.
(2) 若函数图像在点处的切线的倾斜角为45°,函数
在区间上总不是单调函数,求的取值范围.
(3) 求证:.
哈尔滨市第九中学
2013届高三学年第三次月考
生 物 试 题
本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题),共54题,满分90分,考试时间90分钟。
注意事项: 1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂。
3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
Ⅰ卷(选择题,本卷共50小题,共50分)
一、选择题:(1-50题每小题1分, 共50分)
1.孟德尔的分离定律是指
A.子二代出现性状分离 B.子二代性状分离比为3:1
C.形成配子时,成对的遗传因子发生分离 D.测交后代分离比为1:l
2.羊的毛色白色对黑色为显性,两只杂合白羊为亲本,接连生下了3只小羊是白羊,若他们再生第4只小羊,其毛色
①全部黑色 ②3黑1白 ③2黑2白 ④1黑3白 ⑤全部白色
A.② B.②④ C.②③④ D.①②③④⑤
3.基因型为AABBCC与aaBBcc的小麦进行杂交,这三对等位基因分别位于非同源染色体上,F1杂种形成的配子种类数、F2的基因型种类数和F2中纯合子占的比例分别是
A.4、9和1/4 B.4、27和1/8
C.8、27和3/16 D.32、81和1/4
4.在完全显性及每对基因独立遗传的条件下,AaBbCC与AaBbcc进行杂交,其子一代中表现型与双亲相同的个体占全部子代的
A.3/8 B.9/16
C.7/16 D.5/8
5.用32P标记的玉米体细胞(含20条染色体)的DNA分子双链,再将这些细胞转入不含32P的培养基中培养,让其分裂第一次……第N次,若一个细胞中的染色体总条数和被32P标记的染色体条数分别是40条和20条,则这至少是( )次分裂的分裂期。
A.第一 B.第二 C.第三 D.第四
6.某种鼠中,黄鼠基因A对灰鼠基因a显性,短尾基因B对长尾基因b显性。且基因A或b在纯合时使胚胎致死,这两对基因是独立遗传的。现有两只双杂合的黄色短尾鼠交配,理论上所生的子代表现型比例为
A.2︰1 B.9︰3︰3︰1
C.4︰2︰2︰1 D.1︰1︰1︰1
7.下列有关同源染色体的叙述中,正确的是
A.同源染色体总是成对存在于生物细胞中
B.进行有丝分裂的细胞中无同源染色体
C.同源染色体的大小形态都相同
D.减数分裂时,同源染色体联会形成四分体
8.某生物的基因组成如图,则它产生配子的种类及它的一个卵原细胞产生卵细胞的种类分别是
A.4种和1种 B.4种和2种
C.4种和4种 D.8种和2种
9.基因型为AaXBY的小鼠仅因为减数分裂过程中染色体未正常分离,而产生一个不含性染色体的AA型配子。等位基因A、a位于2号染色体。下列关于染色体未分离时期的分析,正确的是
①2号染色体一定在减数第二次分裂时未分离 ②2号染色体可能在减数第一次分裂时未分离
③性染色体可能在减数第二次分裂时未分离 ④性染色体一定在减数第一次分裂时未分离
A.①③ B.①④ C.②③ D.②④
10.右图是某种二倍体动物个体内的两个细胞分裂图。
有关叙述中不正确的是
A.甲是减数分裂图像,乙是有丝分裂图像
B.该动物的体细胞中有四个染色体、两个染色体组
C.甲细胞中染色体、染色单体、DNA的数目依次是2、4、4
D.该动物个体的基因型是AaBB
11.下列关于正常人体内环境稳态的调节,前者随后者变化的情况与右图走势不相符的是
A.抗利尿激素分泌量-—饮水量
B.T细胞浓度——HIV浓度
C.胰岛素浓度-—血糖浓度
D.促甲状腺激素浓度-—甲状腺激素浓度
12.基因型为AaBbDd的植株,将该植物的花粉进行离体培养后,共获得了n株幼苗,其中基因型为aabbdd的个体约占多少株?
A.0株 B.n/4株
C.n/8株 D.n/16株
13.下列与植物激素调节相关的叙述中,正确的是
A.植物细胞通过细胞分裂素的作用,能转变成与母本相同的基因型
B.田间喷洒萘乙酸可杀死杂草,这说明生长素在竞争中发挥重要作用
C.植物的向光性受到生长素的调节,背光侧生长素分布多,生长较快
D.成熟的梨能催熟未成熟的柿子是由于赤霉素和脱落酸共同作用的结果
14.用35S标记的T2噬菌体侵染未标记的大肠杆菌,经过一段时间的保温后,搅拌、离心后发现放射性主要分布在上清液中,沉淀物的放射性很低,对于沉淀物中还含有少量的放射性的正确解释是
A.T2噬菌体的DNA分子上含有少量的35S
B.少量含有放射性35S的蛋白质进入大肠杆菌内
C.离心速度太快,较重的T2噬菌体有部分留在沉淀物中
D.经搅拌与离心后还是有少量含有35S的T2噬菌体吸附在大肠杆菌上
15.如果用3H、15N、32P、35S标记噬菌体后,让其侵染细菌,在产生的子代噬菌体的组成结构中,能够找到的放射性元素为
A.可在外壳中找到3H、15N、35S B.可在DNA中找到3H、15N、32P
C.可在外壳中找到15N、35S D.可在DNA中找到15N、32P、35S
16.下列关于DNA结构的描述错误的是
A.每一个DNA分子由两条核糖核苷酸链盘绕而成双螺旋结构
B.DNA分子外侧是由磷酸与脱氧核糖交替连接构成骨架,内部是碱基
C.DNA两条链上的碱基以氢键相连,且A与T配对、G与C配对
D.DNA的两条链等长,并且是反向平行的
17.下图为DNA控制蛋白质的合成过程,下面的说法正确的是
DNA片段 ①…—T—A—G…
②…—A—T—C…
信使RNA ③…—U—A—G…
转运RNA ④…—A—U—C…
氨基酸 ⑤……□……
A.图中标出的碱基符号,包括了8种核苷酸
B.DNA双链中①、②均为模板链
C.密码子位于③和④链上
D.②→③的转录过程只能发生在细胞核中
18.下列各项过程中,遵循“碱基互补配对原则”的有
①DNA复制 ②RNA复制 ③转录 ④翻译 ⑤逆转录
A.①②③④⑤ B.①②③④ C.①②③⑤ D.①③④⑤
19.已知一个蛋白质由2条肽链组成,连接蛋白质分子中的氨基酸的肽键共有298个,翻译模板mRNA 中有A和G共有200个,则转录成该mRNA的DNA分子中,至少有C和T多少个
A.300 B.600 C.900 D.1200
20.若在一个双链DNA分子中鸟嘌呤和胞嘧啶之和占碱基总和的44%,在其中的一条链中A和C分别占该链碱基数的22%和30%,那么在另一条链中腺嘌呤和胞嘧啶分别占该链碱基数的比值为
A.34%、14% B.22%、30%
C.14%、34% D.20%、28%
21.将大肠杆菌在含有15N标记的培养基中培养,待其DNA完全标记上15N后转移到含有14N 的普通培养基中培养9小时,然后提取DNA进行分析,得出含15N的DNA占总DNA的比例为1/32,则大肠杆菌的分裂周期是
A.1小时 B.1.5小时 C.1.8小时 D.2.25小时
22.某DNA分子中含有1 000个碱基对(P元素只含32P)。若将DNA分子放在只含31P的脱氧核苷酸的培养液中让其复制两次,则子代DNA的相对分子质量平均比原来
A.减少1500 B.增加1500
C.增加1000 D.减少1000
23.紫外线具有杀菌和诱变功能。用相同剂量、不同波长的紫外线处理两组等量的酵母菌,
结果见下表。据表推断,在选育优良菌种时,应采用的紫外线波长及依据是
紫外线波长(nm)
存活率(%)
突变数(个)
260
60
50~100
280
100
0~1
A.260nm;酵母菌存活率较低
B.260nm;酵母菌突变数多
C.280nm;酵母菌存活率高
D.280nm;酵母菌突变数少
24.下列调查活动或实验中,实验所得到数值与实际数值相比,肯定偏小的是
A.标志重捕法调查池塘中鲤鱼的种群密度,部分鲤鱼身上的标志物脱落
B.调查遗传病发病率,选择在有患者的家族中进行
C.调查土壤小动物丰富度,用诱虫器采集小动物时注意打开电灯
D.样方法调查草地中的蒲公英,不统计正好在样方线上的个体
25.用花药离体培养出马铃薯单倍体植株,当它进行细胞减数分裂时,可观察到染色体两两配对,共有12对,据此现象可知产生花药的马铃薯是
A.二倍体 B.三倍体 C.四倍体 D.多倍体
26.下列有关单倍体的叙述中,正确的是
A.未经受精的卵细胞发育成的植物,一定是单倍体
B.含有两个染色体组的生物体,一定不是单倍体
C.单倍体的细胞中一定不含有同源染色体
D.含有奇数染色体组的个体一定是单倍体
27.下列有关变异的说法正确的是
A.染色体中DNA的一个碱基缺失属于染色体结构变异
B.染色体变异、基因突变均可以用光学显微镜直接观察
C.同源染色体上非姐妹染色单体之间的交叉互换属于基因重组
D.秋水仙素诱导多倍体形成的原因是促进染色单体分离使染色体增倍
28.下图是人类某遗传病的家族系谱,6号和7号为同卵双生(相同的受精卵发育而来),8号和9号为异卵双生(不同的受精卵发育而来)。下列说法正确的是
A.该病遗传方式为X染色体上隐性遗传
B.9号基因型和4号基因型一定相同
C.若6号和9号结婚,生下患病孩子的几率是1/6
D.发育成5号个体的受精卵中有一半DNA来自于1号,另外有一半来自于2号
29.有关生物进化与多样性形成叙述错误的是
A.拉马克认为生物各种适应性特征的形成都是由于用进废退和获得性遗传
B.达尔文是从种群的层面科学系统的解释了生物的进化原因
C.现代生物进化理论认为突变和基因重组产生进化的原材料
D.共同进化是物种多样性形成和生态系统多样性形成的重要条件
30.下图为人体部分内环境模式图,其中1是毛细血管壁,2是红细胞。与该图有关的叙述正确的是
A.3与5的主要差别之一是5中含有较多的蛋白质
B.2处的O2到达4内参与生理活动至少需要经过4层膜
C.4直接生活的内环境是5;1的直接生活的内环境是3
D.若营养不良会导致3和4蛋白质含量低,使5渗透压增高导致组织水肿
31.摘除大白鼠的胰腺,将胰腺的一部分再植入大白鼠的皮下,该动物未出现糖尿病的症状;一段时间后,将皮下的移植物(胰腺组织)除去,该大白鼠立即出现血糖浓度升高并出现了糖尿病症状;随后注射一定量的胰岛素,该大白鼠血糖水平恢复正常,且糖尿病症状消失。该实验不能说明
A.胰岛素能降低血糖浓度 B.胰岛素的产生与胰腺有关
C.胰岛素是蛋白质类激素 D.胰岛素能治疗糖尿病
32.下图为人体内体温与水平衡调节的示意图,有关叙述不正确的是
A.当受到寒冷刺激时,a、b、c激素的分泌均会增加
B.c激素分泌增多,可促进骨骼肌与内脏代谢活动增强,产热量增加
C.下丘脑有体温调节中枢
D.在调节水平衡过程中,下丘脑只有合成、释放d激素的作用
33.图甲表示反射弧和脊髓结构图,图乙表示神经纤维局部放大后膜内外电荷的分布情况,
下列叙述不正确的是
图甲 图乙
A.在图甲中,兴奋在②处以电信号形式传导
B.在图甲中,兴奋在③处以化学信号形式传递
C.在图乙中,表示兴奋部位的是b,其电位特点是外负内正
D.在图甲中,给予②处一个强刺激,电流计指针发生2次偏转
34.抗原进入人体以后,被体液中相应抗体消灭的过程是
①大多数抗原经吞噬细胞的摄取和处理
②吞噬细胞将抗原呈递给B细胞,再由B细胞呈递给T细胞
③吞噬细胞将抗原呈递给T细胞,再由T细胞呈递给B细胞
④抗体与相应的抗原特异性结合
⑤B细胞接受抗原刺激后在淋巴因子促进下增殖、分化,形成浆细胞并产生抗体
A.①③⑤④ B.①②⑤④
C.①②④⑤ D.①③④⑤
35.将一株正在生长的植物水平放入在太空中飞行的航天飞机的暗室内,暗室朝向地心的一侧开一个小孔,小孔附近放一光源(如图),一段时间后,该植物茎的生长方向是 A.背地(心)生长 B.向水平方向生长 C.向光生长 D.无法确定
36.科学家研究胚芽鞘向光弯曲现象,逐渐揭示了发生这种应激反应的一系列因—果相关
事件,下列按因——果相关事件顺序排列的是 a.胚芽鞘尖端合成生长素 b.胚芽鞘尖端感受刺激 c.胚芽鞘向光弯曲生长 d.生长素在背光侧分布较多 e.背光侧细胞生长较快 f.单侧光照射胚芽鞘尖端 A. B. C. D.
37.右图表示生长素浓度对根、茎、芽生长的影响,此图没有给你的信息是
A.生长素对3种器官的作用都具有两重性:低浓度促进生长,高浓度抑制生长
B.A、B、C三点对应的生长素浓度分别是促进根、芽、茎生长的最适浓度
C.D点对应的生长素浓度对茎的生长具有促进作用,却抑制了根的生长
D.幼嫩的细胞对生长素敏感,成熟的细胞对生长素的反应不敏感
38.感染赤霉菌而患恶苗病的水稻植株,要比周围的健康植株高50%以上,患病植株结实率很低;将赤霉菌培养基的滤液喷施到水稻幼苗上,没有感染赤霉菌的幼苗也表现出恶苗病的症状;赤霉菌培养基中提取出有以上效应的活性物质――赤霉素。通过上述内容得出的结论不正确是
A.感染赤霉菌能使水稻患恶苗病    B.赤霉菌的代谢产物也能使水稻患恶苗病
C.具有上述效应的物质是赤霉素    D.赤霉素是植物激素
39.某研究小组在对某池塘内鲫鱼种群数量调查时,第一次捕获200尾,全部进行标志后放回;第二次捕获不含标记个体150尾,含标志的鲫鱼有10尾,则该池塘内鲫鱼的总数为
A.3200尾 B.3000尾
C.700尾 D.190尾
40.右图中种群在理想环境中,呈“J ”型曲线增长(如甲);在有环境阻力条件下,呈“S” 型曲线增长(如乙),下列有关种群增长曲线的叙述正确的是
A.若此图表示草履虫种群增长曲线,当种群数量达到e点后,增长率为0
B.种群中出现环境阻力是在d 点之后
C.若此图表示蝗虫种群增长曲线,则虫害的防治应在c 点进行
D.若此图表示酵母菌生长曲线, c点种群数量最大
41.在一个种群中随机抽出一定数量的个体,其中基因型为AA的个体占24%,基因型为Aa的个体占72%,基因型为aa的个体占4%,则基因A和基因a的频率分别是
A.24%,72% B.36%,64% C.57%,43% D.60%,40%
42.说明生物群落在垂直方向上具有分层现象的是
A.森林中有乔木层、灌木层、草木层和地被物层
B.森林中的树木的间隙有较多的灌木和草丛
C.一片竹林中的竹子高矮不一
D.鹿群中有的鹿高,有的鹿矮
43.下图表示某草地上草、虫、鸟三类生物数量的变化曲线,下列叙述正确的是
A.甲、乙、丙依次是鸟、虫、草
B.生态系统崩溃的原因最可能是鸟类的锐减
C.b点时甲的下降主要是天敌的减少
D.a点时甲数量的上升主要是食物的增加
44.下列有关种群或群落的说法,正确的是
A.群落有空间结构,种群没有空间特征
B.在裸岩演替为森林的过程中,土壤中的有机物逐渐减少
C.种群密度能准确反映种群数量变化趋势
D.群落的物种组成是区别不同群落的重要特征
45.在群落演替中,下列哪一种情况是不可能发生的?
A.在群落演替过程中群落的物种组成不断发生变化
B.人类活动往往会使群落演替按照不同于自然演替的速度和方向进行
C.初生演替所需时间较长,次生演替所需时间较短
D.初生演替形成的群落内无竞争现象,次生演替形成的群落内竞争明显
46.生物学的研究离不开科学的方法,下列研究成果与运用的主要方法不相符的是
A.孟德尔遗传定律的揭示运用了假说—演绎法
B.摩尔根证明基因在染色体上运用了模型建构法
C.萨顿推测基因在染色体上运用了类比推理法
D.沃森和克里克提出的DNA双螺旋结构模型属于物理模型
47.有关右图坐标曲线的说法中,不正确的是
A.若纵坐标表示一个细胞中DNA的含量,则a→b过程中有可能发生基因突变
B.若纵坐标表示一条染色体中DNA的含量,则c→d过程中可能发生同源染色体的分离
C.若纵坐标表示一条染色体中DNA的含量,则b→c过程中有可能发生基因重组
D.若纵坐标表示一个细胞中DNA的含量,则e点时的细胞数目是a点时的两倍
48.有下列说法:
①将某精原细胞的DNA用15N标记后转入含14N的培养基中培养,若进行减数分裂形成四个精子细胞,则所有细胞均含有15N
②受精卵中的遗传物质一半来自父方,一半来自母方
③用基因型为DdTt的植株进行单倍体育种,所育的种自交后代约有1/16为纯合体
④细菌分裂生殖时,导致子代之间差异的可能原因是基因突变和染色体变异。
这些说法完全正确的项数是
A.一项 B.二项 C.三项 D.四项
49.四倍体AAaa与二倍体Aa杂交,子代的基因型比例为
A.1︰4︰4︰1 B.1︰2︰2︰1 C.1︰3︰3 ︰1 D.1︰5︰5︰1
50.图1表示某生物b基因正常转录过程中的局部图解;图2表示该生物正常个体的体细胞部分基因和染色体的关系;该生物的黑色素产生需要如图3所示的3类基因参与控制,三类基因的控制均表现为完全显性。下列说法正确的是
图3

A.图2所示的生物体中肯定不存在含有4个b基因的某细胞
B.由图2所示的可以推知:基因型为AaBbCc的两个亲本杂交出现黑色子代的概率为27/64
C.若图3中的1个b基因突变为B,则该生物体仍然可以合成出物质乙
D.图1中,若b2为RNA链,则b1链的(A+T+C)/ b2链的(A+U+G)=1
Ⅱ卷(非选择题,本卷共4小题,共40分)
1.(9分)如下图A表示某二倍体的雌性高等动物细胞分裂过程中某时期的染色体和基因示意图(编号1表示X染色体),B表示配子形成过程中细胞的每条染色体DNA分子数的变化曲线图。请据图回答:
⑴ A细胞名称为 ,该细胞中含同源染色体 对。A中编号1表示X染色体,则2和3称为 。
⑵ A细胞的变化发生在图甲B中( )时段。
A.4-5 B.5-6 C.7-8 D.9-10
⑶ 0-2段细胞内发生的分子水平的变化_________________________。
⑷写出图甲A细胞所产生子细胞的基因型 。
⑸如果该生物进行测交,另一亲本体细胞中的染色体和有关基因的组成应是下图中的( )
2.(13分)下图为六种不同的育种方法,据图回答下列问题:
(1)图中A至D方向所示的途径表示的育种方式的原理____________________,这种方法属常规育种,一般从F2代开始选种,这是因为________________________________________。A→B→C的途径表示育种方式与该育种方式比较优越性主要表现在_ __。
(2)B常用的方法为____________________。
(3)E是____________育种,所用的方法如_______________、____________ 。育种时所需处理的种子应是萌动的(而非休眠的)种子,原因是 。
(4)C、F过程最常用的药剂是____________________,其作用的原理是____________________
(5)由G到H过程中涉及的生物技术有____________________和____________________。
(6)K→L→M这种育种方法的优越性表现在____________________。
3.(10分)图甲为细胞间信息传递的几种模式示意图,图乙是图甲局部结构的放大图。请据图回答:
(1)若图甲细胞1产生的激素是促性腺激素释放激素,则靶细胞是 。
(2)若图甲靶细胞为甲状腺细胞,那么引起甲状腺激素分泌的“信号分子”是 ,接受信号的物质基础是 。若甲状腺细胞分泌过量则会抑制下丘脑和垂体的分泌,这种调节方式叫 。
(3)若图甲细胞3受到刺激产生兴奋,兴奋部位膜外电位的变化是 ;兴奋在细胞3和细胞2间传递的结构如图乙所示,图乙中结构③的名称是 。结构②中的液体成分属于 。①中物质由前膜释放,与 (细胞器)直接相关。
(4)兴奋通过图乙传递过程中,信号的变化情况是 。
(5)若细胞4能产生抗体,它是由 分化形成。
4.(8分)雄鸟的性染色体组成是ZZ,雌鸟的性染色体组成是ZW。某种鸟羽毛的颜色由常染色体基因(A、a)和伴性染色体基因(ZB、Zb)共同决定,其基因型与表现型的对应关系见下表。请回答下列问题。
基因组合
A不存在,不管B存在与否
(aa Z—Z— 或aa Z— W)
A存在,B不存在
(A ZbZb或A ZbW)
A和B同时存在
(A ZBZ— 或A ZBW)
羽毛颜色
白色
灰色
黑色
⑴ 黑鸟的基因型有 种,灰鸟的基因型有 种。
⑵ 基因型纯合的灰雄鸟与杂合的黑雌鸟交配,子代中雄鸟的羽色是 ,雌鸟的羽色是 。
⑶ 一只黑雄鸟与一只灰雌鸟交配,子代羽毛有黑色、灰色和白色,则母本的基因型为 ,父本的基因型为 ,黑色、灰色和白色子代的理论分离比为 。
参考答案
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
C
D
A
B
B
A
D
A
A
D
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
C
A
C
D
B
A
A
A
C
A
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
B
A
B
D
C
A
C
C
B
D
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
C
D
D
A
C
D
D
D
A
A
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
D
A
B
D
D
B
B
A
D
D
二、 非选择题
1、(9分)
(1)第一极体(1分) 0(1分) 常染色体(1分) (2)D(1分)
(3)DNA的复制和有关蛋白质的合成 (2分)
(4)BdXa(2分) (5)A(1分)
2、(13分,每空1分)
(1)基因重组 从F2代开始发生性状分离 明显缩短育种年限
(2)花药离体培养
(3)诱变 X射线、紫外线、激光 亚硝酸、硫酸二乙酯、秋水仙素(写出任意两个即可) 种子萌动后进行细胞分裂,DNA在复制过程中可能由于某种因素的影响发生基因突变
(4)秋水仙素 在细胞分裂时,抑制纺锤体形成,引起染色体数目加倍
(5)基因工程(或DNA拼接技术或DNA重组技术或转基因技术) 植物组织培养技术
(6)克服了远缘杂交不亲和的障碍
3.(10分,每空1分)(1)垂体 (2)促甲状腺激素  糖蛋白 反馈调节
(3)由正电位变为负电位(只写膜外电位变化) 突触后膜 组织液 高尔基体和线粒体(缺一不可)
(4)电信号→化学信号→电信号 (5)B细胞或记忆细胞
4.(8分)
(1)6(1分) 4(1分) (2)黑色(1分) 灰色(1分)
(3)AaZbW(1分) AaZBZb (1分) 3:3:2(2分)
哈尔滨市第九中学2013届高三学年第三次月考
英 语 试 题
(考试时间:120分钟 满分: 150分)
第Ⅰ卷(总分115分)
第一部分:听力测试(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.How long does a period last?
A.45minutes.B.50minutes.C.55 minutes.
2.Where are the speakers?
A.In a zoo. B.In a museum. C.At an exhibition.
3.What sport does the man most probably like best?
A.Volleyball. B.Tennis. C.Skating.
4.What happened to the woman?
A.A thief broke into her garden.
B.Some of her money was stolen.
C.One of her windows was broken.
5.What does the man ask the woman to do?
A.Carry the suitcase for him.
B.Help him fasten the locks.
C.Help him close the suitcase.
第二节(共15小题;每题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题.
6.What are the speakers talking about?
A.Watching games. B.Spending holidays. C.Doing business.
7.What do we know about the woman?
A.She’ll be on business in June.
B.She’ll be on holiday in May.
C.She’ll watch the U.S.Open.
听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。
8.Where did the woman go for her Christmas holiday?
A.To Paris.B.To London. C.To the south of France.
9.What did the woman do in England?
A.She did some business.
B.She went to some museums.
C.She visited some friends.
10.How many times has the woman been to Paris?
A.Twice.B.Three times.C.Four times.
听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。
11.What kind of children does the woman help?
A.The ones with disabilities.
B.The ones without parents.
C.The ones with mental disease.
12.How does the woman help the children?
A.She gives them knowledge.
B.She gives them food and money.
C.She sings songs and plays with them.
13.What do we know about the woman?
A.She is a nurse.
B.She starts work at 9:00.
C.She goes to the hospital in the afternoon.
听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。
14.What courses will the man take this term?
A.English and physics.
B.Maths and physics.
C.English and maths.
15.How does the woman feel about science course?
A.She doesn’t like it.
B.She thinks it interesting.
C.She doesn’t have to take it.
16.Where is the man going to work?
A.At a restaurant.B.At a gas station. C.At a taxi company.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.What is the speaker?
A.A teacher. B.A tour guide. C.A shop assistant.
18.What does Larp’s sell?
A.Bags. B.Shoes. C.Clothes.
19.What does the bookshop sell?
A.Chinese books.B.English books.C.French books.
20.Which shop is outside the shopping centre?
A.Larp’s.
B.The Sports Goods Store.
C.Splend Tea Shop.
第二部分:英语知识运用(共85分)
第一节:单项选择(共15小题;每题1分,满分15分)
21.Jumping out of ______ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ______ exciting experience.
A.不填; the B.不填; an C.an; an D.the; the
22.Joe had two strategies, disappointingly, ______ of which seems to have worked very
well.
A.both B.neither C.none D.all
23.The unicorn-trappers caught the unicorn(独角兽)whose horn was greatly precious by
having it ______ in the tree.
A.stick B.struck C.strike D.stuck
24.—I hope your dirty feet are ____ my clean floor.
—I’m terribly sorry.
A.away B.out C.off D.besides
25.—Don’t you like the popular song Jiangnan Style?
—________.
A.Yes, it’s really boring. B.Yes, absolutely.
C.No, I like it very much. D.No, of course.
26.The survey conducted by a university indicated that 38% of the graduates were in jobs not ______special skills.
A.to be required B.requiring C.being required D.to have required
27.As parents, we should try to understand _______ our children’s real interests lie instead of blaming them for bad marks.
A.what B.which C.where D.how
28.—Why did you leave without a word of warning to John?
—But what ____otherwise? He never likes to listen to me.
A.could I have done B.must I have done C.could I do D.should I do
29.The attempt and insistence on purchasing Diaoyu Islands by Japan will ______ harm
China-Japan ties.
A.repeatedly B.currently C.potentially D.eventually
30.I’d rather you did some housework when you are free, but you ___.
A.don’t B.didn’t C.wouldn’t D weren’t
31.—He is so unhappy.What let him down?
—It’s his plans.You can’t imagine what it’s like to feel that all your plans for the future have_____.
A.set down B.turned down C.put down D.broken down
32.—Have you finished your essay?
—Half ____when you come back.
A.has been done B.is done C.be done D.will have been done
33.—Excuse me, did you notice whether our headteacher had gone by?
—Not _____ I’ve been standing here.
A.while B.when C.since D.before
34.The student went through the paper, finding some mistakes that might _____have been
ignored.
A.otherwise B.therefore C.nevertheless D.besides
35.—I will marry Mike next week!
—_____ You have only known him for two months.
A.That couldn’t be better. B.Congratulations!
C.Are you kidding? D.Terrific!
第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分,满分30分)
While attending a conference, I returned to my hotel room late one rainy evening.The overhead light outside my door was 36 and I had difficulty finding the keyhole.When I finally 37 to open the door, I 38 around the wall for a light switch.I found a 39 where a switch was once installed (安装)...but no switch.
No discouraged easily, I remembered seeing a 40 by the bed when I put away my luggage 41 in the day.I found the bed in the dark and felt around until I found the lamp, but when I switched it on, 42 happened! Now what?
Though I knew that it was dark outside my window 43 the outdoor light was burned out, I thought that 44 if I opened the curtains I might be able to use the light from the 45 to find another lamp.So I 46 my way slowly across the room to the curtains and...no draw-string!
I finally stumbled (跌跌撞撞) around until I found a desk lamp that actually 47 ! That evening I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary 48 is.
But even more necessary than 49 light is the light that shines from people—the light of love, sympathy and 50 .Because, for many people, the world is a dark and 51 place.
It is the shining that is important, for someone today just may be stumbling in discouragement or fear and in 52 of some light.
So let your light shine.Whatever light you 53 may be a beacon (灯塔) of hope and encouragement in someone’s darkness.And if you feel that your light is 54 a candle in a forest, remember this—there isn’t enough darkness in the world to 55 the light of one small candle.
36.A.broken B.burning C.shining D.smooth
37.A.managed B.attempted C.succeeded D.meant
38.A.touched B.felt C.turned D.looked
39.A.light B.plate C.lamp D.signal
40.A.lamp B.switch C.desk D.window
41.A.later B.earlier C.sooner D.first
42.A.something B.everything C.nothing D.anything
43.A.since B.unless C.when D.although
44.A.certainly B.surely C.absolutely D.perhaps
45.A.stars B.room C.street D.shop
46.A.forced. B.made C.struggled D.pushed
47.A.closed B.failed C.did D.worked
48.A.love B.thinking C.dream D.light
49.A.spiritual B.physical C.mental D.inner
50.A.faith B.soul C.mind D.attention
51.A.mixed B.fancy C.lonely D.complicated
52.A.lack B.favor C.need D.face
53.A.offer B.receive C.devote D.throw
54.A.only B.even C.ever D.much
55.A.give out B.leave out C.take out D.put out
第三部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
This is a story that happened 15 years ago but it has always stayed with me since then.On the way back from work every evening, more often than not there would be a homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway.He always waved at every car, he was always happy and smiling and sometimes almost dancing.Every day after work when I got there,I would quickly roll down my window and give him the coins.Occasionally the red light would be on for a minute and we would ask each other about our day.His answer would always be the same, “I’m blessed!”.
It amazed me that even in his situation of being homeless he was so positive,and his answer would remind me of how blessed I was.A single mother of four amazing kids, with a place to call home and with a job to provide for my kids.Then one day I was called into my boss’s office and was told that I was being laid off due to the economy.Needless to say that on my way home that day I was very sad and upset.I didn’t remember to look for my spare change and keep it ready like I usually did.I wasn’t feeling the joy as I got off the ramp where the homeless man would be.Yet there he was as always as I turned the ramp.He set his eyes on me, while still smiling and waving at others.
While I was waiting for the red light to turn,he strolled over to my car.He had a big smile in the eyes.He looked at me straight and said “today I will give you a dollar”.He then reached into his pocket and pulled out a dollar bill.I was blown away.I burst into tears.I wanted to jump out of my car and hug him!
You see that day he gave me more than a dollar bill,he taught me a valuable lesson.No matter what material things are taken from you, no one can take away your choice to be joyful.
56.What is the passage mainly concerned?
A.A dollar bill from a homeless person.
B.A woman who lost her job due to the economy.
C.A blessing coming from a homeless person.
D.A homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway.
57.From the 1st paragraph,we know the homeless man is .
A.brave B.optimistic C.lazy D.kind-hearted
58.After leaving the boss’s office,the author .
A.felt relaxed to get rid of the tiring job.
B.still felt joyful when coming off the ramp.
C.didn’t put some change aside to give to the man.
D.took it for granted that she was fit for her job.
B
The case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation.
All high school graduates ought to go, says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become “better” people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who don’t go.
But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone.And now that close to half our high school graduates are attending, those who don’t fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious.College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each other’s experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduate school.Others find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out ------ often encouraged by college administrators.
Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselves ----- they are spoiled and they are expecting too much.But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and does not explain all campus unhappiness.Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right.We’ve been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cannot absorb an army of untrained 18-year-olds.But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained 22-year-olds, either.
Some adventuresome educators and campus watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school.We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences.Perhaps college does not make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things ----- maybe it is just the other way round, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are only the ones who have been attracted to college in the first place.And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not.This is heresy (异端邪说) to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if little schooling is good, more has to be much better.But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.
59.According to the passage all of the following statements are true EXCEPT______.
A.about half of the high school graduates continue their studies at school
B.college graduates are believed to be able to earn more money.
C.more and more young people are found unfit for college.
D.administrators often encourage college students to drop out.
60.Which of the following is one of some observers’ opinions?
A.The economic situation is so discouraging that the youth have to attend college.
B.The students expect so much that they are not satisfied with the hard college life.
C.College should improve because of so much campus unhappiness.
D.Colleges provide more chances of good jobs than anywhere else.
61.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?
A.Our college experience proves that those surveys are incorrect.
B.Our college experiences may make us misunderstand the results of the surveys.
C.The surveys should all be re-examined according to our college experiences.
D.The surveys may remind us of our beautiful college experiences.
62.What is the main purpose of this passage?
A.To put forward an idea that college should not be the first choice.
B.To argue against the idea that college is the best place for all young people.
C.To value young people’s further education in colleges.
D.To persuade young people into working after the completion of high school.
C
Birds flock (成群结队) to parks in up-market (高级的) neighborhoods, avoiding those in the poorer parts of town, researchers have discovered.
Anne Kinzig and her colleagues at Arizona State University studied 15 parks in Phoenix and found the most diverse bird populations in the smartest parts of town.To their surprise, the socio-economic factors explained bird diversity better than anything about park ecology, such as tree diversity and vegetation structure.In fact, parks in the poorest parts of town had the highest tree and vegetation diversity, but the lowest bird diversity."We wouldn't have guessed it.” says Kinzig.“It's telling us we need to look further into a field for the answer.”
Her team is now trying to track down exactly what it is about luxurious neighborhoods that the birds like.One possibility is that rich people have bigger gardens so there are more habitats, surrounding the parks.Also, they may be more likely to feed the birds or perhaps offer a better menu.Mike Thomas of the British Trust for Ornithology is not surprised by the results.“The area around gardens and parks determines which birds visit,” he says that larger gardens tend to contain a greater variety of habitats and so can support different bird species.
A spokesperson for the Royal Society for the Protection for Birds adds that two thirds of UK households put food out for their garden visitors: "It's arguably the nation's biggest pastime-certainly more popular than watching football.”
63.Which of the following can be concluded from the text?
A.People in UK are very happy with the visitors to their gardens.
B.Watching football used to be more popular than bird-watching.
C.Rich people like to provide food to the birds in their gardens.
D.Many families in UK enjoy feeding birds in their gardens.
64.By saying "We wouldn't have guessed it.”, the writer meant that the team didn't expect_____
A.the least diversity of birds was found in the highest trees.
B.the park ecology could affect the bird diversity so greatly.
C.the answer for bird diversity needed their further research.
D.birds always gathered around the parks in rich areas of town.
65.What causes birds to gather around the rich areas?
A.The tall trees and the vegetation there.
B.The better food and the richer habitats there.
C.The big parks and the large lawns there.
D.The large population living there.
66.The main idea of the passage should be ________.
A.Birds are close friends for British families.
B.Birds tend to have a rich life.
C.Birds have got used to living a rich life.
D.Birds don’t flock to high trees.
D
With their weakening bodies, advanced age or increasing pressure of work or study, people have been advised and usually persuaded to have health care products.Do you remember your first time to take a nutritional supplement (营养补充品)? What was your first impression?
Posted by Amy, Dec.23, 2010 8:05 PM
67.From the text, we learn that .
A.Madeline became more than willing to take Royal Jelly at the very beginning.
B.Royal Jelly is a product that can help renew a person’s energy and vitality.
C.Lori was grateful partly because Royal Jelly helped him to improve his studies.
D.Amy has benefited from Royal Jelly so she posted a topic about the product.
68.Which of the following is true of Blanca?
A.She replied to the topic on Christmas Eve.
B.She tried Royal Jelly without hesitation.
C.She was the second one to reply to the topic.
D.She is now supposed to be in her seventies.
69.What’s the relationship between the Royal Jelly takers?
A.Lori and Blanca are Madeline’s grandchildren.
B.Madeline is Blanca’s daughter and Lori’s mother.
C.Blanca is Lori and Madeline’s great grandmother.
D.They have no blood relationship but friendship.
70.Where can we most probably read this text?
A.On an Internet page. B.In a sports club.
C.In a fiction. D.In a travel magazine.
第二节(共5小题;每题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There is no exact age at which grown children should move out of their parents’ home.Although, of course, moving out is something that is healthy and normal for most young adults, the age at which a person does it often depends on the emotional and financial situation of the young adult. 71
A common time for young adults from healthy families to move out is when they go to live in a dorm at college. 72 For others it is temporary.After they graduate from college, going back to the family house is necessary while they are looking for work and saving some money.These days the cost of living and other expenses are much, much higher than they’ve ever been before in recorded history.
Some young people may prefer to wait until they can afford a better location and fewer or no roommates.Parents of these young people are often happy to let their children wait a little longer for this reason. 73 They may not mind finding the least expensive apartment in an undesirable location and then share it with whoever is willing to be a roommate.
74 Parents who encourage children not to rely on others and children who exercise it can live under the same roof.It requires reasonable people, teamwork, and common sense, but it can be done.
Parents are also different.Some parents are concerned about their kids’ safety, and the ability to live without their care. 75 Some parents feel that their kids should leave home as soon as they have completed high school.They believe their children should have no assistance any more.
Under a minority of circumstances, there are troubled families.
However, some young people want to move out as soon as possible.
Therefore, they have their children stay at home as long as they can.
Also, it depends on the relationship between parents and their children.
For most college students this is the last and final move from the family house.
Some young persons do so because they wish to have a different lifestyle from their parents.
Living at home with their parents doesn’t mean that young adults should be treated as children.
第II卷 (非选择题,共35分)
第四部分:写作 (共两节,满分35分)
:短文改错 (共10小题;每题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在其下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a child, my mom was pushed me to study hard, hope I could get a chance to go to college.I experience pressure for the first time.I did that my mom expected because I didn’t want to let her off.I was born to a poor peasant family, but I really knew life was not easy.All the things my mother did was the result of her hope that I could lead better life in the future.As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” I was finally able to meet my mother expectations and have a chance to go to college.Thanks to my mother’s push and the pressure, I made it.Now, I no longer think pressure is a good thing.
:书面表达 (满分25分)

Percentage of People
(a):Traveling
(b):Staying at home
上图为2000、2005、2010年哈尔滨市人们度假方式的情况。请根据所给图表,写一篇短文。短文必须包括以下内容:
1.请描述该图表的变化
2.请说明发生这些变化的原因并得出结论。
注意:(1)短文必须包括主要内容,并使内容连贯
(2)词数100左右
How People Spend Holiday
_____________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1-5 BACBC 6-10 ACACB 11-15 ACBAA 16-20 CBBAC
21-25 CBDCB 26-30 BCADA 31-35 DDAAC
36-40 AABBA 41-45 BCADC 46-50 BDDBA 51-55 CCAAD
56-58 CBC 59-62 DABB 63-66 DDBB 67-70BDCA 71-75 DEBGC
改错:
1.was去掉 2. hope 改为hoping 3.experience 改成experienced 4.that 改成what
5. off 改成down 6.but 改成and/so 7. was改成were 8. lead 后加a
9. mother改为mother’s 10. good 改为bad
作文范文:
How People Spent Their Holidays
As can be seen from the table, the past decade has witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 2000 and 2010. In 2000 60% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure dropped considerably to 25% in 2010. It is obvious from the table that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world.
What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are able to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, people think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new era when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. What's more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress. However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve people's stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind.
In conclusion, people prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home during holidays for a combination of reasons. Moreover, it seems that this trend will last in the foreseeable future.

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