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(共19张PPT)
选择性必修二
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
John Snow Defeats
“King Cholera”
The changes covid-19 has brought to us in the past two years.
coronavirus
天花：Small pox
西班牙流感：Spanish influenza
黑死病：Black death
疟疾：Malaria
瘟疫：Plague
肺结核：Pulmonary tuberculosis（简称TB）
霍乱：Cholera
艾滋病：Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (简称AIDS)
黄热病：Yellow fever
非典：Severe Acute Respiratory Syndromes (简称SARS)
埃博拉病毒：Ebola virus
What common infectious disease do you know
戴手套
Seven cholera pandemics (霍乱大流行) have occurred in the past 200 years. Let’s take the third cholera pandemic (1852–1860) as an example to see its “power”.
Place Deaths
Russia one million
1858-1860 Tokyo, Japan 100,000 –200,000
1854 Chicago 3,500
1853–1854 London 10,739
1854–1855 Spain over 236,000
Mexico 200,000
Because of some scientists’ great efforts, now the cholera is not as serious as that time.
Pre-reading
______ analyze the results
______ ask a question
______ draw a conclusion
______ collect data
______ find a problem
______ find supporting evidence
______ think of a method
Discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups. What order would you put them in
5
2
7
4
1
6
3
Reading
Read the whole text quickly and match the main ideas.
Para1
Para 2
Para 4
Para 5
John Snow desired to destroy cholera.
John Snow decided to prove the second theory.
Snow began his study by marking on the map.
Truth of the infection of cholera
Snow's contributions
Para 3
Cholera
John
Snow
It's one of ________________________ in the world, because it causes _______________________________.
_______________________(when), an outbreak of cholera hit _______ milions of people ______________________.
He rose to become _________________ , and even _______________ Queen Victoria when she gave birth.
John Snow became ________ because no one knew _________________.
However, he had a desire to __________________ once and for all.
the most feared diseases
severe diarrhoea and dehydration
In the early 19th century
Europe
died from the disease
“King Cholera”
frustrated
how to prevent or
treat cholera
a famous doctor
attended to
destroy cholera
Though being famous, he was still devoted to defeating “King Cholera”
While Reading—careful reading Read Para 1 carefully and fill in the mind map
two contradictory theories
Theory one: __________________
More proof was needed.
Common Symptoms
Snow subscribed to the second theory.
Common Symptoms（症状）in life
cough
sneeze
runny nose(流鼻涕）
lung
diarrhoea
dehydration
para 2
caused by bad air
Read Para.2 carefully and get to know the two theories.
Theory two: __________________
caused by germs
contradictory
A map of Broad Street-”Cholera Map”
What method did Snow use
1) Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
2) Which houses had no death in Broad Street
Multiple deaths happened here.
No death happened here.
He suspected that the water from the pump was to blame.
Evidence
Read Para.3 carefully and answer questions.
？
These families had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
？
It seemed that the woman liked the water so much that she had it delivered to the house every day.
He was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs.
He had the handle of the pump removed.
A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in _______________.
B:Snow____________the places where the people who ____ had lived
C:Many deaths occurred near the __________ in Broad Street.
Some people __________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _____________________.
D: The pump water carried
__________.
Match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.
handle
conclusion
evidence
process
solution
theories
Read para 2-3 again and complete the chart below.
E: The _______ of the pump was removed.
air
food or water
marked on
died
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
He is considered the Father of Modern Epidemiology
Water companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste, causing people who drank this water to get malaria.
1) Water companies began to sell clean water.
2) The threat of cholera around the world decreased.
3) He helped people know how to prevent cholera.
4) Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
2. What contributions did John Snow make
1. What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854
Read Para.4 and 5 carefully and answer the questions.
Was cholera defeated completely
No
How to prevent the cholera
To prevent cholera from
spreading, we'd better drink
pure or boiled water and
eat clean food.
discovered artemisnin to treat malaria,
was awarded the Nobel Prize
the father of hybrid rice,
rid the world of hunger
Despite the danger of infection, devoted to the research of COVID-19
What qualities and scientific spirits do they have in common
the Father of Modern Epidemiology,
defeated King
Cholera
strong sense of social responsibility
face the challenge bravely
committed
knowledgeable
creative
critical thinking
rigorous（严谨的） attitude to science
Summary
John Snow was a well-know in London in the century. He wanted to find of cholera in order to help people it. In 1854 when a cholera London, he began to gather information. He on a map all the dead people lived and he found that many people who had the dirty water from the died. So he decided that the polluted water carried cholera. He suggested that the of all water supplies should be ___ and new methods with water be found.
Eventually, through his efforts, “king cholera” was .
doctor/physician
cause
infected
hit
marked
19th
water pump
handle
where
polluted
removed
tireless /intense
defeated
In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life.
Drink boiled water.
Remember to wear a mask when going out.
Heat the food left overnight
Wash your hands often.
Cook raw food thoroughly.
Deal with rubbish timely and properly.
Thanks for your attention.

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