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上海市2022届高三英语二轮六选四专题详解一
六选四I
考查要求
注重考查考生的逻辑思维能力，要求考生具备词汇、句子、语段、语篇的知识，同时具备综合、分析、归纳的逻辑思维能力。
常考题型
主旨题 考查考生对文章的整体理解和把握
逻辑关系题 因果条件、表达条件关系的词汇衔接手段
例证题 文章中举出一些例子无非是为了说明一定道理，因此它是解题的关键
解题步骤
浏览选项，划出关键词、主题词；
观察文章已给信息与六个选项所给信息之间的关系；
要特别注意空格前段落结尾部分以及空格后段落开始部分出现的关键词（名词、动词、连词、数词、冠词等）；
检查恢复后的文章是不是在整体上具有连贯性和一致性。
【课堂精练】
A. Many famous prizefighters could win big sums of money for only one game. B. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. C. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. D. From then on, he became the top boxer in England for a long time. E. Because of this, they were known as 'prize-fighters'. F. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils.
Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for Prize money. ____1_____. However, boxing was very crude, for there were no rules and a prize-fighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.
One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860 when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. ___2___. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.
Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old.___3____. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. ___4___. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as 100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.
【Key】EBFD
【解析】
选项中的关键字
A. Many famous prizefighters could win big sums of money for only one game.
B. Though he was technically a prize-fighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prize-fighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game.
C. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England.
D. From then on, he became the top boxer in England for a long time.
E. Because of this, they were known as 'prize-fighters'.
F. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils.
已给信息与选项之间的关系
1. E。In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for Prize money. ____1_____.已给信息与选项之间是因果关系。
2. B。The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860 when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. ___2___. In his day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.逻辑推理，2选项应与Mendoza以及rules相关。
3. C。Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing-match when he was only fourteen years old.___3____. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn.选项后信息里的代词He指代的不是Mendoza， 所以我们要找到他的指代对象，选项中只有C有符合上下文逻辑的人物。
4. F。It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. ___4___. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as 100 for a single appearance.选项前的信息是Mendoza和Humphries之间的决斗，选项后的信息是Mendoza赚了很多钱，所以逻辑上应该是Mendoza在决斗之后赚钱的行为方式。D选项有很大的迷惑性，文中没有任何信息说明他是top boxer，所以是错误的。对于Humphries的修饰语是the most eminent，最有名的。
【小试牛刀】
A. Use words, not complete sentences. B. There are three practical note-taking methods. C. You must write your notes on separate paper. D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later. E. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes. F. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.
Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a batter student in several ways. __1___. Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.
You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes. Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. __2___
The following methods may work best for you.
●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.
●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and supporting facts.
●Write your notes in your own words.
● __3___
● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.
As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols and that you use them all the time.__4___
【Key】FEAD
【解析】
这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每个段落均由几个语段构成相对独立地语义单位，各段都围绕“Taking good notes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构。
第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学生在多方面的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最佳方法，第四段讲述的是要记住自己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。
A. Try new things. B. Ability is easily improved. C. Make three or four instead. D. Understand your food better. E. Cooking is a burden for many people. F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.
From my experience, there are three main reasons for why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time. 1 . Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:
1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there’s nothing ready to eat. So think ahead of the coming week. When will you have time to cook Do you have the right materials already A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.
2. Make your time worth it. When you do first time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread 2 It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.
3. 3 This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.
Hopefully that gives a good start. 4 And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!
【Key】BCAF
【解析】
第一段：总的概述。从后面的句子来看，money叙述了，time也叙述了。只有ability没有叙述。又根据前面的句子的说明From my experience, there are three main reasons for why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time.，与之有关的只有带有ability这一信息了，所以答案是B。
第三段：时间的有所价值。根据Are you making one loaf of bread 这句话，可以判断出要make one loaf of bread, 那就是与数量有关，还有后面的句子中的amount（量）的提示，所以应该选择C。
第四段：此题考查要点关键词。根据此段的具体内容，特别是It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.这两句，提到了new ideas和try, 可以判断出与new有关，所以选择A。
第五段：此段是全文的总结。根据最后一句And don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!可以判断出此项与live有关。所以选择F。
【课堂精练】
A. In general the person feels excited and ready to act. B. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. C. Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it. D. Anger may cause you a cancer. E. Do not express your anger while angry. F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
___1___ Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. ___2___
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “___3___ Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. ___4___
【Key】FAEB

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