资源简介

(共40张PPT)
Unit 5
Learning from nature
To learn something about Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau
To read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt form nature
To learn how to read a comparative essay
To learn some useful words and expressions
Read the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what else you know about them with the class.
Tao Qian (365~427) born in Xunyang, Jiangxi Province, also called Tao Yuanming. Tao Qian took a minor official post while in his 20s in order to support his aged parents. After about 10 years at that post, he resigned from official life. Tao was one of a noted recluse (n. 隐士). A master of the five-word line, Tao
Has been described as the first
great “poet of fields and gardens”.
He was an American essayist, poet, and philosopher. He began writing nature poetry in his early twenties. His understanding of nature is unprecedented in American literature.
Henry David Thoreau 亨利·戴维·梭罗
(1817-1862)
He spent most of his lifetime observing nature and wrote many works on nature and man-nature relationship. The ideas in these works went beyond his age and were thus ignored by his temporaries. In 1845, he
began his famous two-year
stay at Walden pond, which
he wrote about in his
masterwork, Walden.
Back to nature
本文语篇类型为论说文。课文通过介绍、比较中外田园诗人陶渊明和Henry David Thoreau生活的年代，回归田园生活的社会背景、原因，写作风格的异同，表达了他们对自然的热爱和对田园生活的向往。在阅读文章的过程中，我们要注意比较的写作手法。
Read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt from nature.
Both of them got inspiration from nature for their literary works.
Both of them lived simply in nature with few material desires, which helped them to attain their personal fulfilment.
Para. 1
Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value.
The two men’s influence to people today
Read to get the main ideas.
Tao Yuanming and Thoreau shared an intense respect for nature.
Paras.
2~3
Paras.
4~5
Para. 6
Choose the right answers according to the passage.
Why did Tao Yuanming leave the court
Because he was too old.
Because he felt conflicted over life at court.
Because he liked nature so much.
Because he liked living in a rural area.
B
2. Why did Thoreau return to nature
He wanted to live a meaningful life.
He wanted to follow the example of Tao Yuanming.
He had a hut in the forest.
His life was hard.
A
3. What do they have in common
They treated nature in the same way.
They lived in the same century.
They were both unsatisfied with their leaders.
Their works showed the beauty of nature.
D
4. What did Thoreau describe in his writings
Fields and villages. B. chickens and dogs.
C. Animals and plants.
D. Mountains and rivers.
5. What does Thoreau’s work mainly embody
Nature’s wilderness is beautiful.
We should raise more animals.
Man should live in harmony with nature.
We should live in the rural area.
C
C
6. What should we do if we want to attain personal well being and fulfilment
Live closer to nature.
Increase material desires.
Walk a lot in the forest.
Share a respect for nature.
A
Organise information from the passage and complete the chart.
在填表前，请注意learning to learn中对对比性论说文的写作特点介绍，即通过比较、对比、评价的方法分析两个人物或事物多个方面的异同点，并按照一定的逻辑顺序进行阐释。
A comparative essay compares, contrasts and evaluates two or more topics. There must be enough similarities and differences between the topics so that they can be discussed in a meaningful way. A number of points should be discussed within a comparative essay.
Tao Yuanming
He went back to nature because ________________________________ .
________________________________ ________________________________.
________________________________ ________________________________ ________________________________.
he felt conflicted over life at court
His return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to
The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life
Henry David Thoreau
_________________________________ _________________________________
__________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________.
He wrote about nature in order to
_______________________________
______________________________
_____________________.
Thoreau’s return to nature was a personal decision to transform the way he lived
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him
convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and
prosper, as we do
Similarities
They went back to nature.
________________________________ ________________________________
________________________________.
________________________________________________________________ ______________________________
_________________________ .
Both made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature
Both were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature
in the quietness of their lives
Try to find words, phrases or sentences which shows compares, contrast or evaluations in the reading passage.
Examples:
polar opposites, while…
1. Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives
Because it was difficult to reject the easy and familiar life they used to live.
2. Why are their ideas important to our lives today
Because in today’s modern world, we still need to live harmoniously with nature, and live a simple life. Fewer material desires lead to better personal well-being and fulfilment.
3. What do you think about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau Give your reasons.
4. Compare the two reading passages in this unit. In what ways does each passage contribute to the unit theme
Both passages have the common theme of learning from nature. The first passage focuses on the inspirations people get from nature, while the second focuses more on the natural way of living that people still need today, The second passage calls upon us to live in harmony with nature, which is an important message for today.
Work in pare the quotes by Tao and Thoreau.
1. Find the Chinese version of Tao’s poem, and translate Thoreau’ quote into Chinese.
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,
The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,
And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
归田园居
暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines.
好好度过每一个季节，呼吸新鲜的空气，畅饮美酒，品尝水果，尽情享受这一刻。让生活中只有饮食和草药。
2. Decide which portrayal of nature you prefer and make notes.
Tao Thoreau
Genres of their works: Images in their works: What nature means to them: What message they try to convey:
3. Organise your thoughts and share them with the class.
Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1,500 years, were polar opposites.
1) 句子主干是These two men were polar opposites;
2) Whose lives were separated…是whose 引导的非限制性定语从句，对two men进行补充。
接下来的句子： And yet they shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each influential figure of their time.
which引导的非限制性定语从句，对respect for nature进行补充说明；
2. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “ bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.
1) for good=for ever
2) 现在分词短语做伴随状语；
3) that引导同位语从句,对line进行解释
4) bow v. 低头；鞠躬
5) in return for 作为……的回报
3. While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreau’s was a personal decisionto transform the way he lived.
while conj. used to contrast two things 然而, 却
此处作者用对比的方法介绍两位诗人回归田园生活的不同初衷。
eg Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, while those in the south are relatively poor.
均为定语从句
be opposed to 反对
4. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.
in contrast to… 与……(形成)对比
eg The stock lost 60 cents a share, in contrast to last year, when it gained 21 cents.
critical of 批评，批判
eg Many parents are strongly critical of the school.
depressive adj. 抑郁的；沮丧的
eg He’s no longer a depressive character.
【归纳】
5. Breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each.
resign v. to officially announce that you have decided to leave your job or an organization 辞（职），放弃
resign yourself to (doing) sth
使自己顺从于（做）某事; 安于
eg we had to resign ourselves to fate since we cannot think out an effective remedy (补救).
【拓展】
resigned adj. 逆来顺受的；顺从的
resignation n. 辞职；辞呈；顺从
【语境应用】汉译英。
1. 汤姆厌倦了目前的工作，所以他决定辞职。
2. 他所有的努力都付诸东流了，现在他不得不听天由命。
Tom got tired of the job at present, so he has decided to resign.
He failed all his attempts and now he has to resign himself to his fate.
6. It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did.
2) the easy and familiar “the +adj.” 表示一类人或事物，此处指the easy and familiar life。
3) as:像…一样; 引导方式状语从句
eg Will you do the experiment as I am doing
1) reject v. to refuse to give someone any love or attention 冷落，嫌弃，厌弃
Paraphrase: People need great courage to abandon their easy and familiar lives and try to live closer to nature, as Tao and Thoreau both did.
Write a short summary about the passage. Try to use compare or contrast in your summary.

展开更多......

收起↑