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英语二轮复习 七选五专题
实战篇
阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A
【2020·全国新高考山东卷】
Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. 16 Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master.
People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.”
17 Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection.
Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People’s attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message. So, don’t stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it’s a truly serious one. 18
Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. 19 And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis.
20 It’s rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can’t count the times that you’ve thought, “I’m glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever!” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end.
A. Do the opposite.
B. You want to be an effective public speaker.
C. You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.
D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more.
E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience.
F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners.
G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be.
B
【2021·江苏连云港市·高三月考】
Why do people take “selfies (自拍) ”
Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question. 1 People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said. 2 As social media can be shallow, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own overmuch pride.”
3 People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.
Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. 4
The Newhouse School’s Associate Professor Makana Chock worked on the study. She said, posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips, our parents and grandparents used cameras to take photos. Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. 5
On social media, it is a different experience. People can decide not to look at photos of their friends and family even if they click “like” or even “love” under the Facebook selfie.
A. That was the old way of “clicking” like.
B. They came up with some surprising answers.
C. Different people have different opinions about it.
D. Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.
E. Both cameras and phones are useful tools to record people’s experiences.
F. There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.
G. But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.
C
【2021·河北唐山·高三上学期期中】
Being independent is an important skill for people who want to take control of their lives. Here are some tips on how to be independent.
Believe in yourself. If you don’t believe in yourself, then who else will 1 No one can speak the words on your lips and not everyone is going to agree with what you say. 2 If you don’t have faith in yourself, you will always doubt yourself and turn to others for help every time you have to make a decision. Try to move away from that.
3 Our parents care for us so much that they do everything in their power to raise us in a fair and just environment. But the real world does not follow the same principle. You might be treated badly for all sorts of unfair things: your skin color, your height, your weight, how much money you have, and just about everything else that makes you who you are. 4
Stop caring about what other people think. This is the most important thing about being independent. Stop worrying about other people’s opinions about your life, whether they are thinking about your clothes, your choice of career, or your choice of the significant other. 5
If you always have the worrying thought, “But what will other people think if...” in the back of your mind, then you will always be holding yourself back from doing your own thing.
A. Be your own hero.
B. Accept that life is not fair.
C. These are your decisions, and not anyone else’s.
D. As long as you have made a decision—just do it!
E. We are all different and have something unique to say.
F. So please remember: you have to be happy in spite of that.
G. Believing in yourself will make you trust your own decisions.
D
【2021·辽宁·新高考联合调研】
Although problems are a part of our lives, it certainly doesn’t mean that we let them rule our lives forever. One day or another, you’ll have to stand up and say, “Problems, I don’t want you in my life.” Of course, we’ve been fighting troubles ever since we were born. Problems with friends, parents, girlfriends, husbands, and children—the list goes on. 1
But good news is that all problems can be dealt with. Now read on to know how to solve your problems.
Talking really helps. What most of us think is that our problems can be understood only by ourselves and that no talking is going to help. But the truth is that when you talk about it, you’re setting free the negative energies that have been gathering within you. 2
Write down your problems. Having a personal diary can also be of great help if you don’t want a real person to talk with. When you write down your problems, you are setting free all the tension from your system. You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems. 3
Don’t lose faith or hope. No matter what you lose in life, don’t lose faith or hope.
4 With faith, hope and confidence, you can rebuild everything that you lose.
5 No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are bigger than yours. Tell yourself: when they can deal with them, why can’t I Your problems might just seem bigger and worse, but in reality they can be solved.
Go about and solve your problems because every problem, however big or small, always has a way out.
A. Your problems aren’t the worst.
B. Talking helps you move on and let go.
C. When we have a problem, how do we try and solve it
D. Even if you lose all you have, you should still have confidence.
E. Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work,too.
F. By doing this, imagine yourself throwing away the problems from your life.
G. We can often overcome the problem and achieve the goal by making a direct attack.
E
【2021·山东·潍坊高三上学期期中】
You can run pretty much anywhere, with pretty much no equipment. So it must be easy to start—just put one foot in front of the other, right
Not quite.
Starting a new training program, like most things, is stepping into an unfamiliar area.
1 Most people start out too hard, which leads to unnecessary tiredness and possible injury; or they just burn out, feeling that the last thing they want to do is go out for another heavy, painful run. Getting past that early period is the key to both running’s benefits and pleasures.
2 You may want to start running to make your heart stronger, to up your endurance for other sports, or even just to fit into your tux (晚礼服) again. Those are all worthy goals and setting them is a valuable aid to getting where you want to go.
If you like a challenge, your goal might be running the local 5K, or something more ambitious, like finishing a Tough Mudder obstacle run or qualifying for the Boston Marathon. A typical beginner who trains properly—without overdoing it—can safely finish a 5K after about three months. 3
Whatever you decide to aim for,committing to it will help your progress greatly.
4 While a short, easy run a few times a week is better than nothing, it’s not nearly as exciting as looking up at—then reaching—the next level.
Then don’t get ahead of yourself. 5 And gradually you can become a good run beginner.
A. Figure out why you’re running.
B. The new training program will pay off.
C. And it is possible for a marathon after a year.
D. Otherwise you tend to make no further progress.
E. That is a remarkable achievement for a run beginner.
F. You should resist the urge to run too hard, too much, or too often.
G. You’re eager but unsure, excited but potentially easy to make errors.
参考答案
A
【2020·全国新高考山东卷】
本文为说明文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为如何成为一个优秀的演讲者。文章介绍了要想成为优秀演讲者必须掌握的原则。
16. G 细节句。设空处前一句Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking（有些人生来就有演讲的天赋）中，Some individuals 对应G项中the majority of people，born with a gift 对应G项中 train to be。结合下文讲到训练的四个原则，可知G项（然而，大多数的人都是因为他们受过训练而成为给人深刻印象的演讲者的）为最佳答案。
17. A 过渡句。由本段第二句（通常，当你站起来演讲时，你关注的是“公众”而不是“演讲”）以及第四句（要专注于演讲）可知设空处前后句是两种截然不同的做法。故选A项（做相反的事）。
18. C 细节句。由本段第一句（即使是最成功的演说家也会犯错误）和第四、五句（事实上，大多数人只大约吸收了演讲者信息的20%。所以，当你犯错误时，不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误）可知C项（你没有必要为你的小疏漏道歉）符合逻辑。a minor slip对应第五句中的a truly serious one。故选C项。
19. B 细节句。本段第一句Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker（你的目标不是成为一个完美的公众演说家）中的a perfect public speaker对应B项中的an effective public speaker。设空处后一句And like everything else in life, that takes practice（和生活中其他的事情一样，那也需要练习）中的that也指代B选项的内容。因此B项（你想成为一个给人深刻印象的公众演说家）是最佳选项。
20. D 主旨句。根据本段内容尤其是最后两句 Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It’s better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end（总是让你的演讲比预期的短一些。让你的听众期望更多内容比让他们在座位上坐立不安地等着你的演讲最终结束要好）可知，D项When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more（说到公开演讲，通常少些更好）概括了本段的核心内容。故选D项。
B
【2021·江苏连云港市·高三月考】
本文是说明文。介绍了一些研究，关于人们为什么会迷恋自拍并且把它们放到社交网站上。
1. B 上文Researchers at Syracuse University in New York tried to answer that question.（纽约锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员试图回答这个问题。）说明下文将会是研究人员的解释，下文People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to admiring themselves too much, the Syracuse researchers said.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究人员表示，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关。）是研究人员给出的结果，B项They came up with some surprising answers.（他们给出了一些令人吃惊的答案）承上启下，故选B。
2. D 上文说到，那些上传自拍照并使用编辑软件美化自己的人，表现出的行为与过于自我欣赏有关，D项Such people think very highly of themselves, especially how they look.（这些人对他们自己——尤其是外表——评价很高。）与上文意思相衔接，故选D项。
3. F 下文People who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the Syracuse University research found.（锡拉丘兹大学的研究发现，人们发布集体自拍表明他们需要受欢迎和属于一个群体。）说明了人们在社交网站晒自拍的另一个原因，F项There are other reasons, besides admiring themselves, why people post selfies.（除了自我欣赏，人们晒自拍还有其他原因。）放在本段开头，承接下文，起到过渡作用，故选F项。
4. G 上文Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software.（该研究的其他发现包括:男性和女性发布自拍的频率以及他们使用编辑软件的频率没有太大差别。）说明男性和女性在对待自拍上的相同之处，G项But men desire to be seen as popular more than women when posting selfies.（但在发布自拍时，男性希望比女性更受欢迎。）讲了不同点，与上文相衔接，故选G项。
5. A 上文Before social media, people would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. If you are a nice person, you commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos.（在社交媒体出现之前，人们会带回照片给朋友和家人看。你别无选择，只能看着它们。如果你是个好人，你会说照片里的每个人看起来都很好，尤其是孩子和展示照片的人。）讲述了以前人们在他人展示照片时表达认可和夸赞的方式，A项That was the old way of “clicking” like.（这是老式的点赞方式）是对前文的总结，故选A项。
C
【2021·河北唐山·高三上学期期中】
本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章介绍了一些关于如何独立的建议。
1. E 过渡句。根据下文No one can speak the words on your lips and not everyone is going to agree with what you say.可判断，设空处应说明我们每个人都是不同的，要自己说话，这与E项（我们都是不同的，有一些独特的东西要说）相符。故选E项。
2. G 过渡句。根据下文If you don’t have faith in yourself, you will always doubt yourself and turn to others for help every time you have to make a decision.(如果你对自己没有信心，你会一直怀疑自己，每次做决定的时候都向别人求助）可知，此处说明了做决定时要相信自己，与G项（相信自己会让你相信自己的决定）相吻合。故选G项。
3. B 主旨句。根据下文But the real world does not follow the same principle.(但现实世界并不遵循同样的原则）可知，本段强调要接受现实世界的生活是不公平的。故选B项。
4. F 细节句。上文提到了你可能会因为各种各样不公平的事情而受到恶劣的对待，设空处可能提到面对这些不公平的事情要保持积极的生活态度，这与F项（所以请记住：尽管如此，你还是要快乐）内容相符。故选F项。
5. C 总结句。根据上文Stop worrying about other people’s opinions about your life, whether they are thinking about your clothes, your choice of career, or your choice of the significant other.(不要再担心别人对你生活的看法，不管他们是在考虑你的衣服、你对职业的选择，还是你对另一半的选择）以及本段第一句Stop caring about what other people think(不要在意别人的想法）可知，设空处强调了不要在意别人的看法，要自己做决定。故选C项。
D
【2021·辽宁·新高考联合调研】
本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与自我，主题语境内容为生活与学习。文章说明了在生活中解决问题的几种方法。
1. E 过渡句。前文讲到我们生活中少不了麻烦，和朋友、父母、女朋友、丈夫和孩子等存在问题，而这些麻烦都是外在的问题。E选项Apart from these, the inner conflicts within ourselves work, too.（除此之外，我们内心的冲突也在起作用）起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E项。
2. B 总结句。根据本段第一句Talking really helps.可知，此段说明了和别人交谈的重要性。B选项Talking helps you move on and let go.（交谈能帮助你继续前行，让你释怀）与本段主旨一致。故选B项。
3. F 细节句。本段建议“写下问题”。空格前一句You can try throwing away the paper on which you wrote your problems.建议将写着问题的纸张扔掉。F选项中的this指代这一方法，且throwing away the problems与前一句中的throwing away the paper相对应。故选F项。
4. D 细节句。根据本段第一句Don’t lose faith or hope.可知，本段讲述不应该失去信心和希望。且空格后一句With faith, hope and confidence, you can rebuild everything that you lose.中的confidence与D选项Even if you lose all you have, you should still have confidence.（即使失去了一切，也要有信心）中的confidence相呼应。故选D项。
5. A 主旨句。空格后一句No matter what problem you get in life, there are another one million people whose problems are bigger than yours.表示无论你在生活中遇到什么问题，总有其他一百万人的问题比你的更严重，与Your problems aren’t the worst.(你的问题不是最糟糕的）主旨一致。故选A项。
E
【2021·山东·潍坊高三上学期期中】
本文是一篇说明文，主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为体育与健康。文章主要给跑步初学者提供了一些建议。
1. G 过渡句。根据上文Starting a new training program, like most things, is stepping into an unfamiliar area.和下文Most people start out too hard, ...or they just burn out, feeling that the last thing they want to do is go out for another heavy, painful run.可知，初学者由于急切或者过于用力出现一些错误。这与G项（你很急切但又不确定，很兴奋，但很容易犯错误）相符，故选G项。
2. A 主旨句。根据下文内容You may want to start running to make your heart stronger, to up your endurance for other sports, or even just to fit into your tux again.(你可能想要开始跑步来让你的心脏更强壮，提高你在其他运动中的耐力，或者甚至只是为了再次穿上你的晚礼服）可知，设空处应为弄清楚跑步的原因。故选A项。
3. C 细节句。根据上文A typical beginner who trains properly—without overdoing it—can safely finish a 5K after about three months.可知，设空处是承接上文，表达只要训练得当，一年后跑完马拉松也是可能的。故选C项。
4. D 过渡句。根据上文Whatever you decide to aim for, committing to it will help your progress greatly.（无论你决定的目标是什么，全心全意投入在这件事上将大大帮助你的进步）可知，如果不全力投入，往往不能取得进步。故选D项。
5. F 过渡句。 根据上文Then don’t get ahead of yourself.和下文And gradually you can become a good run beginner.可推断设空处内容应为你应该怎么做，这与F项（你应该抵制跑得太用力、太多或太频繁的冲动）相符。故选F项。

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