资源简介

(共42张PPT)
Useful words and expressions
(A short history of Western painting)
Unit 1 Art
1. a short history of western painting
西方绘画(艺术)简史
painting
1)【U】绘画(艺术)，作画 （抽象）
Her hobbies include music and painting.
2) 【C】绘画，油画 (作品)（具体）
Western-style / modern abstract paintings
西方风格的/现代抽象派绘画作品
a collection of paintings by American artists
2 It is hard to give a precise definition.
很难下精确/准确的定义。
=It is hard to define (it) precisely.
by definition 根据定义，必然
define...as...把定义、解释为
definite(ly) adj./adv 肯定的/地，明确的/地, 清楚的/地（不会改变的）(certain, certainly, clear, clearly)
Compare:
precise(ly) adj./adv. 精确的/地，准确的/地，确切的/地(exact and correct, exactly and correctly)
Can you give me a ____________ answer by tomorrow
definite
3. As there have/has been sb/sth 因为一直以来有/存在...
4. so many different styles of Western art/painting
....的很多不同的风格西方艺术、绘画
=so many different Western art/painting styles
5. The best way to do sth is to do sth
做某事的最好方式就是做某事
6. The purpose/aim/goal/objective of sth is to do sth
某事的目的、目标就是做某事
7. painting realistic scenes描绘现实场景
realistic adj. 现实（主义）的，逼真的
realism [U] 务实作风，实事求是; 逼真，现实性
realist [C]现实主义者，务实的人
realize vt. 实现
reality【U】【C】现实(的事物)
real adj. 真的
really adv. 实际上，确实
8. primitive adj. 原始的， 远古的； 老式的，简陋的（发展水平低的）(not advanced or modern)
[C]原始派或文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品）
a primitive tribe/man/society 原始部落、人、社会
primitive facilities/conditions/buildings
简陋的设施、条件、建筑
primitively adv. 最初地;自学而成地
9. two-dimensional adj. 二维的， 平面的；没有深度感觉的
be primitive and two-dimensional 是原始粗糙和二维化的
primary adj. 主要的，最重要的，基本的；
小学、初等的
a two-dimensional drawing/model 平面图、模型
10. dimension [C]维, 维度（构成空间的因素）；
尺寸;规模；范围; 程度；方面(aspect);
measure the dimensions of the kitchen 衡量厨房的大小
Her job adds a new/an extra dimension to he life.
她的工作为她的生活增添了新的内容。
11. set sb/sth apart from...使...不同于、优于、突出于
It’s man’s ability _______ (think) ____________ sets him apart from other animals.
Her elegant style sets her apart from other journalists.
to think
which/that
Man is set apart from other animals by his ability to think.
set about doing sth 开始、着手做（费时费力的事）
set sth aside 把（物品）放到一边；暂不考虑（问题）；留出，拨出（时间、资金）
set sth down 记下，写下(write down, put down)
set off/out (for/on) 动身、启程（前往某地、进行旅行）
set off (a bomb, an alarm) 引爆（炸弹）；触响（警报）
set out to do sth （怀着目标）开始、着手做某事
set up 建立，创建（组织）；搭建，竖起（a tent/shelter); 安装，调试（设备）
dopt a more humanistic attitude to life
采用一种更人性化的生活态度
12. (make/achieve) an important/major/breakthrough (in sth) （在...方面）（取得） 重大进展；突破
13. the use of perspective by Masaccio
Masaccio 对透视法的运用
14. influential adj. 有影响力/支配力的
[C]有影响力的人物
influentially adv.有影响力地
influence [U & C] vt. 影响; 支配; 控制
influence sb to do sth 影响某人做某事
have an.../no influence on/upon… 对…有/无影响
under the influence of=under sb’s influence
在…的影响下
16. Influential painters such as (Leonardo da Vinci )
颇具影响力的画家如......
While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil
虽然早如达芬奇这样的画家已经使用颜料画画
as early as (tomorrow/1997) 早在（明天、1997年）
17. build upon/be built on... (to do sth)
以...为基础； 在...的基础上发展 （做某事）
The new plan will build on the success of the previous programme.
Our friendship is built on trust.(=is based on)
18. reach its height/peak with sb 随着某人达到顶峰
be at its height/peack / at the height/peack of (one’s career/powers/success/fame) 处于的巅峰、顶峰
His career/The crisis is at its height/peak.
(be) 20 meters in height 20米高
(fly) at the height of (10000 metres)
be of average/medium height 中等身材
(jump/drop sth) from a height 从高处（跳下、扔下...）
19. gain/earn/acquire/establish/build/have a reputation
as a master of shadow and light
as a hard worker/an artist
for being hard work/for honesty and diligence)
赢得/获得/确立/树立/有光影大师、勤奋、艺术家、勤奋、诚实、勤奋的声誉
20. in subject matter 在主题上;在题材上
21. (the emphasis/focus/attention/attitude/ opinion...) shift (away) (from...) (to/ towards/onto ...) （重点、注意力等）（从…）转移（到…）(=switch from..to)
shift the/one’s emphasis/fcus/attention/attitude/ opinion...(away) (from...) (to/ towards/onto ...) 把（重点、注意力等）（从…）转移（到…）(=switch...from...to)
Our focus is shifting away from the Middle East back toward Asia.
我们的重点正从中东地区重新转移到亚洲地区。
The White House hopes to shift the media’s attention away from foreign policy issues. 白宫希望把媒体的注意力从外交政策问题转移。
There has been a shift of/in emphasis from manufacturing (制造业) to service industries.
Qian changed his major because of a shift/swicth in personal interest.
As an alternative, some farmers have switched (from chemical farming) to organic farming.
22. rank [C] （社会）地位，级别， 阶层；
（质量）等级， 级别；
军衔，警衔
行，列， 排 (row, line)
vt. & vi. （使...）名列...等级、地位
people of high/low rank 上流、底层社会人士
officers of senior/junior rank 高级、低级军、警官
rise/be promoted to/attain the rank of (captain/ major/general) 晋升/被提拔到/达到 (上尉/少校/将军)军衔
a painter/painting of the first rank
一流画家、画作
join the ranks of the employed 加入失业者行列
rank/be ranked among/as…
名列其中之一、名列…
The restaurant ranks/is ranked among the finest (ones) in town / as one of the finest (ones) in town.
rank/be ranked first/second/third/number one(in...)
名列第一/二/三…
At the height of her career she (was) ranked second in the world.
rank high/low 具有重要、不重要的地位
rank with/alongside sb/sth 与...同样重要、品质相当
23. purchase vt. 购买；采购 (=buy)
[U & C] 购买；购买的东西
purchase (a car) from...
=make a purchase of (a car) (from...)
= buy sth from...从……购买　
purchase ... with...用……购买　
make two purchases from...从购买两样东西
purchaser [C] 购买者　
purchasable adj.可购买的
The statement listed all the purchases ______ (make) with your card.
made
24. paintings showing important historical events
展示重要历史事件的画作
paintings showing stories from mythology
展示神话故事的画作
paintings (that were) beautiful and interesting to look at 看起来美丽有趣的
25. The development of Western art slowed (down/up) until the invention pf photography in the mid-19th century.
=Western art developed slowly until photography was invented in the mid 1800s.
=(The development of) Western art made slow progress...
西方艺术发展缓慢直到...
26. ...paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like.
=...paintings were no longer needed for the preservation of what...
=paintings were no longer necessary for preservation of what.../ for preserving what...
绘画不再需要保留人与世界的模样。
27. hence adv. 因此，所以 (therefore, thus, for this reason)
23. _______ this, Impressionism emerged in France.
emerge vi. (from, into, as)
（从暗处/隐蔽处）出现，浮现(appear, come out);
（事实/真相/现象等）出现，暴露，显露(come out, become known)；
（人/机构/行业/组织等）初露头角, 形成, 兴起;
（从困境中）摆脱出来，出头
emergence [U] 出现，显露；形成，兴起(of, from as)
emerging adj. 新兴的
It emerged that...(主从) ...真相大白; 事实已清楚, ...
=It came out/became out that...(主从)
From
The sun/moon emerged _______ behind the clouds.
She emgerged _______ the shadows ______ strong sunlight.
China has once again emerged _______ the war _____a world power.
She emerged ________ the divorce (____) a strong person ________ her reputation undamaged.
It emerged ________ she was lying about her age.
The 1960s saw the ___________(emerge) of many new nations (from the war in ruins).
Eventually the truth __________(emerge/emigrate).
from
from
into
from
as
from
as
with
that
emergence
emerged
Para 1
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTNG
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
What is the main idea
An Introduction to the History of Western Painting.
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTNG
What is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
a short history of western painting 西方绘画艺术简史
Western art 西方艺术
give a precise definition 给出一个精确的定义
there have/has been sth 一直有......
so many different styles of ...... ....的很多不同的风格
describe them all in a short text 在一篇短文里全面描述
the best way to understand Western art
了解西方艺术的最好方法
look at the development of Western painting
看看西方绘画的发展
over the centuries 几个世纪以来
a short history of western painting 西方绘画艺术简史
Western art 西方艺术
give a precise definition 给出一个精确的定义
there have/has been sth 一直有......
so many different styles of ...... ....的很多不同的风格
describe them all in a short text 在一篇短文里全面描述
the best way to understand Western art
了解西方艺术的最好方法
look at the development of Western painting
看看西方绘画的发展
over the centuries 几个世纪以来
______ SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTNG
________ is Western art It is hard to give a precise definition. As there ____________(be) so many different styles of Western art, it is _____________(possible) to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps _____________
__________________________________________________
(了解西方艺术的最好方法) is _________________________
__________________________________________________(看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展) .
A
What
have been
impossible
the best way to understand/of understanding Western art
to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries
Para 2
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337).
While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
During the Middle Ages，artists were interested in painting realistic scenes.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
B
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337).
While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
from the 5th to the 15th century 从5世纪到15世纪
During the Middle Ages 在中世纪时期
the purpose of Western art 西方艺术的目的
teach people about Christianity 向人们传授基督教
paint realistic scenes 画现实的场景
work n. 工作; 劳动; 作品; 工厂
be primitive and two-dimensional 是原始粗糙和二维化的
the main characters 主体人物们
to show their importance 为了显示他们的重要性
change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone
在13世纪时因乔托 迪 邦多纳而改变
from the 5th to the 15th century 从5世纪到15世纪
During the Middle Ages 在中世纪时期
the purpose of Western art 西方艺术的目的
teach people about Christianity 向人们传授基督教
paint realistic scenes 画现实的场景
work n. 工作; 劳动; 作品; 工厂
to show their importance 为了显示他们的重要性
change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone
在13世纪时因乔托 迪 邦多纳而改变
while conj.与…同时; 然而; 尽管
still have religious themes 仍带有宗教主题
show real people in a real environment
展示的是真实的环境中的真实人物
in particular = particularly 尤其，特别
set sb/sth apart from...使......与众不同
by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact
通过他们逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击
while conj.与…同时; 然而; 尽管
still have religious themes 仍带有宗教主题
show real people in a real environment
展示的是真实的环境中的真实人物
in particular = particularly 尤其，特别
set sb/sth apart from...使......与众不同
by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact
通过他们逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)
During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art __________ (teach) people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in _______________________(画现实的场景) . Their ___________(work) were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters __________________(make) much larger than everyone else to show their ___________ (important) . This began to change in the 13th century __________ Giotto di Bondone . __________ his paintings still had ______________ (religion) themes, they showed real people in ______real environment. In particular, his paintings ________________ (set)apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep __________(emotion) impact.
was to teach
painting realistic scenes
works
were made
importance
with
While
religious
a
are set
emotional
Giotto di Bondone
乔托·迪·邦多纳
犹大之吻
Para 3
1. During the Renaissance，artists focused more on religious themes.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Masaccio was a famous artist in the Middle Ages.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Rembrandt gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
B
B
A
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio(1401-1428) Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
The Renaissance 文艺复兴时期
replace A with B 用B 替换/取代A
replace old ones from the Middle Ages
取代来自中世纪的旧思想和价值观
as a result 所以；因此 concentrated on ... 集中精力于......
adopt vt. 领养; 采用; 移居;
a more humanistic attitude to life一种更人性化的生活态度
an important breakthrough during this period
这时期的一个重要的突破
the use of perspective 透视法的运用
influential painters such as ...颇具影响力的画家如......
build upon ...... 以...为基础； 在...的基础上发展
produce some of the greatest art 创造一些最伟大的艺术作品
The Renaissance 文艺复兴时期
replace A with B 用B 替换/取代A
replace old ones from the Middle Ages
取代来自中世纪的旧思想和价值观
as a result 所以；因此 concentrated on ... 集中精力于......
adopt vt. 领养; 采用; 移居;
a more humanistic attitude to life一种更人性化的生活态度
an important breakthrough during this period
这时期的一个重要的突破
the use of perspective 透视法的运用
influential painters such as ...颇具影响力的画家如......
build upon ...... 以...为基础； 在...的基础上发展
produce some of the greatest art 创造一些最伟大的艺术作品
the use of oil paints 油画颜料的使用
with their deep colours and realism
有着他们深沉的色彩和现实主义风格
look like photographs 看上去就像是照片
painters as early as Da Vinci 早在达芬奇时代的画家们
reach its height with sb 随着某人达到顶峰
have a good/bad reputation for... 因…而有好/坏名声 acquire/earn/gain/establish/build a reputation as sth.
作为…赢得/获得/确立/树立声誉
damage/ruin sb’s reputation 有损/毁坏某人的名声
gain a reputation as a master of shadow and light
获得了作为阴影和光的大师的名声
the use of oil paints 油画颜料的使用
with their deep colours and realism
有着他们深沉的色彩和现实主义风格
look like photographs 看上去就像是照片
painters as early as Da Vinci 早在达芬奇时代的画家们
reach its height with sb 随着某人达到顶峰
have a good/bad reputation for... 因…而有好/坏名声 acquire/earn/gain/establish/build a reputation as sth.
作为…赢得/获得/确立/树立声誉
damage/ruin sb’s reputation 有损/毁坏某人的名声
gain a reputation as a master of shadow and light
获得了作为阴影和光的大师的名声
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)
New ideas and ___________(valuable) gradually replaced old ___________(one) from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious ___________(theme) . They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio(1401-1428). Influential ___________(paint) such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's ___________(innovate) to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
values
ones
themes
painters
innovations
_____________(influence) painters such as Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), Michelangelo (1475-1564) and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen. In subject matter, the emphasis _____________(increase) shifted from _____________ (religion) themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase ___________ (accuracy) pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important ___________ (history) events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and ___________ (interest) to look at.
Influential
increasingly
religious
accurate
historical
interesting
Masaccio (1401-1427),the first painter of the Italian Renaissance, whose innovations in use of scientific perspective inaugurated(开创了) the modern era in painting.
Masaccio
马萨乔
Para 4
Impressionism( late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet 1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoirs paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
In the early 20th century，paintings were needed to preserve what people looked like. A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
B
Impressionism( late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet 1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoirs paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
impressionism n. （绘画/音乐的）印象主义;印象派
slow adj.慢的; 迟钝的; v. 使放慢速度
in the mid-19th century 在19世纪中叶
the invention of photography 摄影术的发明
after that 在那之后 no longer/ no more 不再
preserve what people and the world looked like
保存人和世界的面貌
hence adv. 因此，所以 from this 由此
find a new way of looking at their art
寻找一种新的看待他们艺术的方式
in this work 在这幅作品中
convey the light and movement in the scene
传达场景中的光线和运动
impressionism n. （绘画/音乐的）印象主义;印象派
slow adj.慢的; 迟钝的; v. 使放慢速度
in the mid-19th century 在19世纪中叶
the invention of photography 摄影术的发明
after that 在那之后 no longer/ no more 不再
preserve what people and the world looked like
保存人和世界的面貌
hence adv. 因此，所以 from this 由此
find a new way of looking at their art
寻找一种新的看待他们艺术的方式
in this work 在这幅作品中
convey the light and movement in the scene
传达场景中的光线和运动
the subjective impression 主观印象
a detailed record 一份详细记录
impressionist n.印象派画家; 用滑稽方式模仿名流的人
scenes of nature or daily life 自然或日常生活场景
focus on ...集中...；特别关注...
the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period
那个时代冷淡的黑白照片
seek to do sth 力图/想方设法做某事
the outer image of his subjects 他笔下人物的外在形象
their inner warmth and humanity 他们内心的温暖和人性
as well 也， 还有;
the subjective impression 主观印象
a detailed record 一份详细记录
impressionist n.印象派画家; 用滑稽方式模仿名流的人
scenes of nature or daily life 自然或日常生活场景
focus on ...集中...；特别关注...
the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period
那个时代冷淡的黑白照片
seek to do sth 力图/想方设法做某事
the outer image of his subjects 他笔下人物的外在形象
their inner warmth and humanity 他们内心的温暖和人性
as well 也， 还有;
Impressionism( late 19th to early 20th century)
The development of Western art ___________(slow) until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were ______________(不再) needed to preserve what people and the world looked like. Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionism ___________(emerge) in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet 1840-1926) ___________(call) Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was ___________(convey) the light and movement in the scene—the subjective impression the scene gave him—but not a ___________(detail) record of the scene itself.
slowed
no longer
emerged
called
to convey
detailed
______________ many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. ___________ the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoirs paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not ____________ the outer image of his subjects, ______________________________________________(他们内心的温暖和人性) as well.
While/Although
Unlike
just/only
their inner warmth and humanity
Let’s appreciate some paintings of that time
Sunrise 莫奈

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