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重难题型二　阅读理解
微技法1　细节理解
针对此类设题，考生需要在有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速浏览文章，发现文章中的细节信息，然后抓取关键词，定位到原文中来解题。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考A卷)Liu Xiuxiang was born in a poor family. When he was 4, his father died. His mother developed mental(精神的) health problems. When he was 10, his elder brother and sisters left and never returned. To make a living, Liu collected rubbish, and in high school he worked 18 hours a day during summer vacations. However difficult it was, he never gave up his study.
48．How long did Liu Xiuxiang work during summer vacations in high school
A．4 hours a day. B．10 hours a day.
C．12 hours a day. D．18 hours a day.
【解析】 根据本段倒数第二句可知，暑假期间刘秀祥一天工作18个小时，故选D。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考B卷)Five people were waiting for an interview in a room of a company(公司). Inside the room, they could do whatever they liked, except using the phone or the Internet.
44．The five people were waiting for ________．
A．an interview B．a meeting
C．a phone call D．a meal
【解析】 根据本段第一句可知，五个人在一家公司的房间里等待面试。故选A。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例3.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考B卷)The next stop of our trip was the village of Kangmian. Many families now live there after leaving uninhabitable(不适合居住的) areas. The new village has 450 housing units. There I have learned that the government helps the people by providing jobs so that they can support themselves. Of the 1，331 villagers, 609 now have jobs.
53．In Kangmian the government helps the people by ________．
A．selling products B．giving money
C．opening factories D．providing jobs
【解析】 根据本段第四句可知，当地政府通过提供就业机会来帮助人们养活自己，故选D。
微技法2　推理判断
此类题型要求考生对文章的内容及作者的思路做出合理的判断和推理，也就是要运用逻辑推理能力推断出隐含在文章中的事实及暗示的含义。常见的推理判断有以下三种：
1．针对文中细节的推断
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考A卷)Another choice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasoline. And they produce less pollution. But electric cars themselves are more expensive. Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
57．According to Paragraph 3, we can infer that electric cars ________．
A．produce less pollution
B．will become more and more expensive
C．will become more popular
D．are more efficient than those using gasoline
【解析】 根据And they produce less pollution.及Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.可推知，未来电动车会变得更加受欢迎，故选C。
2．针对文章出处的推断
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考A卷)
INCLUDEPICTURE"22CQZTYY65.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "22CQZTYY65.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE"22CQZTYY66.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "22CQZTYY66.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
44．The material above is probably ________．
A．a story B．a play C．a poem D．a letter
【解析】 根据本文的格式和句式可推断，这是一首诗歌，故选C。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例3.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考B卷)Five people were waiting for an interview in a room of a company(公司). Inside the room, they could do whatever they liked, except using the phone or the Internet.
On the first day, all of the five people were excited. They were imagining their bright future. But there was no interview.
On the second day, they came again for the interview. But to their surprise, there was no news about the interview. Two of them got upset.
On the third morning, they arrived earlier. Still, no news came. By mid day, most of them were irritated. Some thought the company did not care for them. Some regretted coming here. Only one man was different. He was happy all those days. He kept smiling while the others complained(抱怨)．
At the end of that day, the boss appeared. To their disappointment, the boss said that their interview had ended and only one of them was chosen. It was the man who kept happy. Then the boss added, “We want someone who can keep happy in whatever situations. Keeping happy is an ability.”
47．The passage probably comes from ________．
A．a dictionary B．a poster
C．a magazine D．a notice
【解析】 文章讲述的是五个人在一家公司应聘的故事，应该会出现在一本杂志上，故选C。
3．针对作者态度、语气、风格、倾向、意见等的推断
INCLUDEPICTURE"例4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2020·重庆中考A卷)People say laughter is the best medicine, but sometimes too much of a good thing may not be so good. What happened to me last night made me deeply understand the meaning of that.
Last night I was alone at home. When I was watching a funny movie, I suddenly started laughing and couldn't stop myself.
At first, I was feeling good.
But after about 5 minutes, I came to know I wasn't going to stop at all. I began to feel a little worried.
Time for bed. But I couldn't sleep because I kept laughing. So I got up and started doing some housework. I cleaned my apartment, laughing hard. I washed all the dishes left over from dinner, still laughing crazily. I tried to hold my cat in my arms, but it ran away from me in fear. I spent the rest of the night in front of my computer, of course, still laughing.
When time finally came to get ready for work, I realized that I simply couldn't go to the office like that. I decided to call my boss for leave, but laughing was the only thing I could do on the phone.
After listening to my “lovely” laughter for a few minutes, my boss couldn't help shouting angrily, “Are you mad You're fired(解雇)！”
Suddenly I woke up. Thank God! I just had a dream.
51．How did the writer's feelings change in the story
A．relaxed—angry—good
B．good—excited—worried
C．good—worried—relaxed
D．worried—good—angry
【解析】 通读全文可知，作者一开始看了一部有趣的电影，很开心；然后他发现自己笑得停不下来了，开始很担心；当知道这只是一个梦的时候，作者就放松下来了。C选项符合文意，故选C。
微技法3　词义/句意猜测
此类题目在设置时，词义猜测多为生难词，句意猜测多为同义句的转换，考生需要重点掌握根据上下文推测生词、短语或句子意思的技巧。
1．根据上下文语境猜测
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考A卷)2021 is the year of the ox(牛). In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen, came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China, as well as the importance of agriculture(农业) in history.
52．The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 1 refers to “________”．
A．The year of the ox
B．The set of stamps
C．The Tang Dynasty
D．The painting Five Oxen
【解析】 根据本段第二句可知，It指代上文提到的《五牛图》的邮票，故选B。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT (2021·重庆中考B卷)After leaving the earth last summer, Zhu Rong circled Mars for several months and landed on it in May. In recent years, our country has sent up the world's first quantum satellite(量子卫星), and Chang'e 4 has made a soft landing on the moon. We have made great progress in space technology and will soon start building our own space station.
50．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to “________”．
A．the earth B．Mars
C．the moon D．the sun
【解析】 根据画线单词所在句子可知，在去年夏天离开地球后，“祝融号”绕火星飞行了几个月，并于5月在火星上着陆。此处it是指“火星”，故选B。
2．通过同义词或近义词猜测词义
INCLUDEPICTURE"例3.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例3.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 　“Keeping relationships is very important for health，” says Dr Amanda Gummer, creator of Dr Gummer's Good Play Guide. She adds that this is more important the older you get. “Not maintaining these friendships can make it more difficult for you to get back into school when the time comes，” she says. Chezzy Kennedy, from a training program called Confident Kids, agrees. “Staying connected to those we care about is even more important now than ever before，” she says. “We can suddenly feel quite lonely.”
43．The underlined word “maintaining” probably means “________”.
A．controlling B．ending
C．checking D．keeping
【解析】 题干意为：画线单词maintaining的意思可能是________。根据下文Staying connected to those we care about is even more important now than ever before可推知maintain和stay有类似的含义，故此处表示“不保持这些友谊会使得返回学校后变得更困难”，可知maintain＝keep。故选D。
3．通过反义词或反义关系猜测词义
INCLUDEPICTURE"例4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin's experiment. Millions of schoolchildren have been amazed by his courage and his scientific spirit of looking for the truth. However, new research suggests that the story may be fiction instead of fact. Although Franklin's experiment took place, more than one scientist has questioned what really happened. It's true that he did the experiment with the rope and the key. But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key, he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
43．The underlined word “fiction” probably means something ________．
A．not true B．quite different
C．not safe D．quite necessary
【解析】 题干意为：画线单词“fiction”可能意为某物________。根据instead of fact“而不是事实”，可猜测出画线单词与fact“事实”构成反义关系，所以画线单词的意思是“不真实的，虚构的”，故选A。
4．通过生活常识猜测词义
INCLUDEPICTURE"例5.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例5.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考A卷)In 2007, Liu failed the Gaokao. He got lost. He wondered if he should continue studying. After working in a bathhouse for about 50 days, he decided to go back to school. In 2008, he finally passed the Gaokao and went to university.
49．The underlined word “lost” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”.
A．丢失的 B．错过的
C．迷路的 D．迷茫的
【解析】 根据本段第一句和第三句可知，高考失败后他不知道是否还要继续学习，由常识可推知他很迷茫，所以lost表示“迷茫的”，故选D。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例6.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例6.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考B卷)On the third morning, they arrived earlier. Still, no news came. By mid day, most of them were irritated. Some thought the company did not care for them. Some regretted coming here. Only one man was different. He was happy all those days. He kept smiling while the others complained(抱怨)．
45．The underlined word “irritated” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．快活的 B．愤怒的
C．放松的 D．胆怯的
【解析】 根据画线单词所在句子的后两句可知，这些接受面试的人中一些认为公司不在乎他们，一些后悔来这里，根据常识可推知他们都生气了，所以单词irritated意为“愤怒的”，故选B。
微技法4　段落/主旨大意
段落/主旨大意题要求考生在阅读和理解全文的基础上对段落内容或文章内容进行归纳、概括或评价。解答这类题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语就断章取义。在涉及文章的主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题时，需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识等进行逻辑推理和判断，从而挖掘出文章中隐含的信息。
1．开门见山式
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考A卷)2021 is the year of the ox(牛). In March, a set of stamps about the famous Tang Dynasty painting, Five Oxen, came out. It allows more people to know better the great art of ancient China, as well as the importance of agriculture(农业) in history.
Han Huang(723～787) was the painter of Five Oxen. He worked as a government official in the Tang Dynasty. His paintings were loved by many because the animals he painted were so alive. Unluckily, Five Oxen is probably his only painting left.
Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history. In the painting, the five oxen are in a line. They are of different colors and shapes. And each has a different appearance(形态), walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. With lively expressions and bright eyes, the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints(抱怨). As the name suggests, ▲ . It makes people focus(关注) on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900. Luckily, it returned to China during the early 1950s. However, it was terribly broken with many holes in it. Great efforts were made to save it. Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
55．This passage mainly wants to tell us that ________．
A．Five Oxen is Han's only painting left
B．oxen have different colors and shapes
C．oxen are very hard working animals
D．Five Oxen is valuable and meaningful
【解析】 根据第三段第一句和最后一段最后一句可知，本文主要想告诉读者这幅图的价值和意义，故选D。
2．藏龙卧虎式
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.tif" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.tif" \* MERGEFORMAT 　Humans have always feared wolves. From fairy tales to movies, the wolf is always the bad guy—a danger to humans and other animals. In the 1920s, the organizers of the park shared this view about wolves and made the decision to drive them away from the park. As a result, the number of elk(麋鹿) in the park increased. The elk started looking for food near river banks since they didn't have to worry about wolves. This, in turn, stopped trees from growing along the rivers, doing great harm to the environment there.
The return of wolves has already made a big difference. To begin with, the elk soon learned to stay away from the rivers, so new trees have been able to grow there. The trees become home to new wildlife, such as birds, and provide food for more animals.
30．Paragraphs 4 and 5 are mainly about the ________ that wolves have brought to Yellowstone.
A．risks B．troubles
C．changes D．competitions
【解析】 题干意为：第四段和第五段主要是狼给黄石公园带来的________。分析第四、五两段内容可知之前狼被认为是危险的，但是狼的回归使得麋鹿远离河流，这样树木就可以生长，也能为其他动物提供食物，此处强调“变化、改变”。故选C。
3．藏头露尾式
INCLUDEPICTURE"例3.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例3.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　Stephen Hawking, one of the world's most famous scientists, believed that humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we step into space, our future should be safe，” he said.
Today, many countries are all planning to send astronauts to Earth's closest neighbor: the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other earthlike planets.
① Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize(殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things—for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. Besides, any progress we make in the fields of science, technology, medicine, and health will do good to people here on Earth.
② Elon Musk, the CEO of Space X, also believes we should colonize Mars. His long term goal is to put one million people there if something bad happens to us here on Earth.
③ Many people say it's too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. Besides, these first people would find life especially difficult in space. On the moon's surface, for example, the sun's rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time.
④ No matter what different concerns there are, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see cities on the moon or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon.
39．What is the purpose of this passage
A．To give reasons for and against colonizing space.
B．To describe what life would be like on the moon.
C．To compare the environments of Mars and the moon.
D．To introduce progress in space science and technology.
【解析】 题干意为：这篇文章的目的是什么？文章第一、二段先陈述了很多国家都想访问太空这一事实，第三、四、五段列举了不同科学家对此的观点，最后一段是总结。A项“给出支持和反对太空移民的理由”符合文意，故选A。
4．首尾呼应式
INCLUDEPICTURE"例4.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例4.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2019·重庆中考A卷)Cinyee Chiu, an artist from Taiwan, is always happy to try something new. Her amazing works won lots of prizes. Among them, “24 Solar Terms(节气)” is the most popular.
Ancient Chinese divided a year into 24 parts according to the changes of the weather. It's the 24 solar terms. But not everyone knows them well. Cinyee Chiu put the 24 solar terms in pictures to help people understand them better.
Cinyee turned each solar term into an animal. But these animals are not just animals. You can also find seasonal fruits, vegetables or beautiful flowers on them.
When spring comes, water gets warm and fish start to swim around. So Cinyee chose fish as a symbol of Start of Spring. Also, she drew spring vegetables, Chinese chives on the back of the fish.
White Dew falls on about Sept. 8. It shows the beginning of the cool autumn. There are colorful leaves and cooler nights at this time of year. As the temperature falls, white dew(露珠) is often seen on the grass and trees at night. For White Dew, Cinyee chose a raccoon—a small animal with thick hair. She drew white spots(小圆点) on the raccoon to show dew. And she used the dragon fruit to show the rich colors in autumn.
The young artist really gave the ancient Chinese culture a new look.
51．The writer mainly wants to talk about ________.
A．why Cinyee made herself known
B．who divided a year into 24 parts
C．how Cinyee showed the 24 solar terms
D．what Start of Spring and White Dew mean
【解析】 本文主要介绍了Cinyee Chiu如何通过画画展现二十四节气的，故选C。
微技法5　标题归纳
标题是文章的点睛之笔，是文章的灵魂和门面。选择标题在英语阅读理解题中，是深层理解题。一般从两个方面考查：
1．关注核心及高频词汇
INCLUDEPICTURE"例1.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例1.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考A卷)Historically, most cars have run on gasoline(汽油), but that may change in the future: cars can also run on other liquid fuels(液体燃料) and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil. The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物). Gasoline provides great power for cars. However, it causes environmental problems, like air pollution and temperature rise. So gasoline can't be the best fuel.
Another choice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasoline. And they produce less pollution. But electric cars themselves are more expensive. Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels. Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline, and used in the same cars. They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water. Through chemical reaction, hydrocarbons can be created. However, these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air. These fuels are greener in use. But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best, people have to be able to afford it. Unluckily, almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline. Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs. In the end, the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.
59．What would be the best title for the passage
A．How do we protect our planet
B．What are the fuels' differences
C．What is the best fuel for cars
D．How do we make fuels for cars
【解析】 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了汽油汽车和电动汽车的优势和劣势，以及用其他液体燃料汽车的情况，故最适合本文的标题是C选项“汽车最好的燃料是什么？”，故选C。
2．根据主题句提炼标题
INCLUDEPICTURE"例2.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例2.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2020·重庆中考B卷)Facial recognition technology(人脸识别技术) is widely used today. For example, police use it to search for bad guys. It's also used to unlock phones or doors.
Now, a similar technology, known as facial detection(探测), is entering a new field: the business of advertising(广告).
Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores. One facial detection system can judge a person's “happiness” or “fear” level. That helps businesses see how people feel as they look at products or advertisements in the store. Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses. If so, stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.
Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards. Cameras in those boards can detect information like people's ages and five levels of feelings—from “very happy” to “very unhappy”.
Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers' experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.
Some are against the idea of using such systems. Pam Dixon, the head of a privacy(隐私) group, is one of them. She thinks ▲ . For example, a business could raise the price of a product according to a person's age and feelings.
However, one store testing the technology explained they wouldn't store people's information like names or ages. And the advertising board system maker said it didn't keep any personal information or record any videos.
59．The best title of the passage may be “________”．
A．Facial recognition technology entering a new field
B．Facial recognition technology looking for bad guys
C．Facial detection technology going into advertising field
D．Facial detection technology improving buyers' experience
【解析】 通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了人脸检测系统在商业广告领域的应用。故选C。
微技法6　数字计算
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2018·重庆中考B卷)National Smile Month is the largest and longest mouth health activity in the UK. Starting in 1977, it is celebrating its 42nd birthday from May 14 to June 14 this year.
49．National Smile Month in the UK has had a history of ________ years so far.
A．5 B．14 C．42 D．77
【解析】 由本段第二句可知该项活动1977年开始，到2018年有42年的历史。故选C。
微技法7　篇章结构
文章的结构是文章部分与部分、整体与部分之间的内在联系和外部形式的统一。常见的文章结构方式为总分式，即先总述，再分说。这种关系还可以演变为：“分—总”或“总—分—总”的结构方式。解答此类题通常可以把选项带入原文去判断分段是否合理；要注意段落之间的标志语句，通常写同一件、同一类事情的段落不分开，总写的段落要和细节描述的段落分开。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考A卷)Historically, most cars have run on gasoline(汽油), but that may change in the future: cars can also run on other liquid fuels(液体燃料) and electricity.
Gasoline is from oil. The energy in gasoline comes from hydrocarbons(碳氢化合物). Gasoline provides great power for cars. However, it causes environmental problems, like air pollution and temperature rise. So gasoline can't be the best fuel.
Another choice is electricity. Electric cars can be as efficient(效能好的) as cars using gasoline. And they produce less pollution. But electric cars themselves are more expensive. Good news is that the cost has been lower and there are more and more places for the cars to get electricity ever since 2010.
The other choices are other liquid fuels. Many of these can be stored in the same places as gasoline, and used in the same cars. They can also be friendly to the environment.
One way to make such fuels is to get CO2 from the air and put it in water. Through chemical reaction, hydrocarbons can be created. However, these fuels take up more space.
Another way is to make such fuels from plants which take in carbon from the air. These fuels are greener in use. But not all of them can be as efficient as gasoline.
For a fuel to be the best, people have to be able to afford it. Unluckily, almost every green technology is more expensive than that of using gasoline. Governments and car producers are doing everything they can to cut down the costs. In the end, the best fuel will be both affordable for car users and green for our planet.
58．The structure of the passage may be ________．
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INCLUDEPICTURE"22CQZTYY69.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "22CQZTYY69.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
【解析】 根据本文的内容可知，第一段总体概括汽车未来的趋势；第二段到第四段分别介绍了汽油汽车、电动汽车以及用其他液体燃料汽车的情况；第五段和第六段是根据第四段的内容，再细分介绍了制造其他液体燃料的方法；最后一段总结概括。故选B。
微技法8　句子还原
此类题型，主要是考查学生的逻辑思考能力。一般来说，主要是考查一个段落中前后句的逻辑关系，或者考查段与段之间的逻辑关系。可能是总分关系、因果关系、并列关系等。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·重庆中考A卷)Five Oxen is one of the best animal paintings in China's art history. In the painting, the five oxen are in a line. They are of different colors and shapes. And each has a different appearance(形态), walking or standing, holding their heads high or low. With lively expressions and bright eyes, the oxen show the spirit of doing hard work without complaints(抱怨). As the name suggests, ▲ . It makes people focus(关注) on the oxen themselves.
The painting was missing in 1900. Luckily, it returned to China during the early 1950s. However, it was terribly broken with many holes in it. Great efforts were made to save it. Now Five Oxen, probably the oldest Chinese painting on paper, is kept with care in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
54．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ▲ ？
A．the ox is very popular in the Tang Dynasty
B．the ox is a symbol of Chinese traditional culture
C．the painting is of the five oxen with no special background
D．the painting wants to tell people to work hard and creatively
【解析】 根据空处下一句可知，这幅图只是让人们关注牛本身，而无其他的特殊意思，所以此处应介绍这幅图的背景内容，故选C。
微技法9　句子排序
句子排序题常采用“观察＋对比＋定位＋排除”的方法：首先观察选项的特点，一般情况下，四个选项中都是有两个相同的选项作为事件发生的顺序开头，到文中去定位，排除错误的选项；接着进行第二轮对比排除，最后得到正确答案。下面介绍常用的解题方法：
1．先易后难。选择自己最熟悉、最明显的答案先判断，根据“先易后难”的原则逐个排除。
2．找关键词。如表顺序的at first, first, second, third等。
3．上下句联系。这种题所采用的语句一般都是在上句与下句或上半句与下半句之间有一定的对应关系，我们只要抓住它们的关联关系就可以解答了。
INCLUDEPICTURE"例.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "例.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT 　(2021·浙江宁波中考)Jason and his father were going to the grocery store by car to pick up some apples. It had been an unusual day. The sky was dark but there were few clouds. As they drove up the street, there started to be a rumbling(隆隆的) sound heard across the ground.
Jason's father immediately realized that a tornado(龙卷风) was coming. He stopped the car and told Jason to get out immediately. Jason and his father got out of the car and made their way to the closest building. By this time the wind was blowing harder, and it was hard to see or hear. Debris was falling all over the place. Jason couldn't see his dad anymore. He also realized that he wasn't getting to the building fast enough. He was afraid he would be picked up by the wind and thrown into the air.
As he made his way towards the building, he noticed a field to his right. He could see an irrigation ditch(灌溉渠). In a panic, he scrambled(爬) to the ditch and lay flat on the ground. More debris and objects flew overhead. His heart was beating hard, and he was nervous. He had never been in a tornado before.
After a while, the winds died down and the loud roaring sound was gone. Jason slowly lifted his head and nervously looked around. What he saw was a great mess. Jason could hardly recognize the buildings in front of him because of all the damage.
He stood up and with shaky legs walked to the building. Once there, he pushed the door open and went inside. It was a public building owned by the city. It was empty, but Jason could hear noises further inside. He walked into the large room and saw his dad. He ran across the room and gave him a big hug.
“Jason! How are you I've been worried sick about you！” said his father. “I couldn't find you anywhere！”
Jason breathed a sigh of a relief(松了一口气) and sat down. He did have a story to tell!
2．Which of the following is the right order according to the passage
①Jason nervously looked around from the irrigation ditch.
②Jason ran across the room and gave his father a big hug.
③Jason got out of the car.
④Jason noticed a field to his right.
A．②①③④ B．③④①②
C．④①②③ D．③①②④
【解析】 根据第二段第三句、第三段第一句、第四段第二句和第五段最后一句可知，正确的顺序是③④①②，故选B。
INCLUDEPICTURE"三级标题-重难题型精练.TIF" INCLUDEPICTURE "三级标题-重难题型精练.TIF" \* MERGEFORMAT
(2021·重庆渝中区九上期末)
A
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
机器狗 说明文 ★★★☆☆
　　We see robots in our everyday life. They play us music, help us do housework and stay with us when we are alone. Now they can help us even more. Singapore is trying a new way to get people stay away from each other.
People in Singapore now see a yellow and black robot “dog” called Spot in the parks. Boston Dynamics, a US company, designed the robot. It has a camera to scan(扫描) the environment, so it knows how many people are in the park. The dog goes around the park and plays a pre recorded message, telling visitors to stay away from each other.
There are many videos about Spot online. It can climb up stairs, dance to music, go through difficult areas and even open doors. The robot dog now works in only some of the parks in Singapore, but this is about to change. “It works very well. We are now thinking about putting a robot dog in every park in Singapore，” one of the officials(官员) says.
Thanks to technology, we are now seeing more robots doing different jobs. They make our life much easier.
1．The passage mainly talks about ________．
A．what the robot dog looks like
B．people's everyday life
C．robot dogs in Singapore parks
D．the future life in Singapore
2．The officials plan to put robot dogs in ________．
A．some houses B．all houses
C．some parks D．all parks
3．The robot dog Spot helps people ________．
A．stay away from each other
B．climb up stairs of a building
C．live an easier and better life
D．go through difficult areas
B
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
人物故事 记叙文 ★★★☆☆
　　There was a man named Zhou Chu who lived during the Western Jin Dynasty(265～316). He was stronger than any other man in the village. People were scared of him because he often bullied(欺负) villagers. At that time, a man eating tiger and a deep water monster(怪物) lived nearby. They often caused trouble for the village. People called them, along with Zhou, the “three evils(三害)”．
One day, some villagers asked Zhou to help them kill the tiger and the monster. After three days of fighting, Zhou finally killed them and came back. But the villagers thought he was dead. They celebrated his death. After seeing this, Zhou realized how much he was hated and decided to make a change.
He visited a famous scholar(学者) named Lu Yun. Lu told him, “If one realized what is good in the morning, he can change his behavior in the evening. Just do what you think is right.” From then on, Zhou became a good person and stopped bullying others. Later he became a great soldier(战士) and died protecting his country.
Zhou Chu is a great example of the Chinese saying: “A prodigal who returns is more precious than gold.” We all make mistakes. But it's never too late to correct them. On the other hand, we should also be more tolerant(宽容的) of those who sometimes make mistakes. Maybe they've made mistakes in the past, but they can do great things as long as they return to the right road.
4．According to the passage, who were the three evils
A．The man eating tiger, the deep water monster and Zhou Chu.
B．The villagers, the man eating tiger and the deep water monster.
C．The man eating tiger, the deep water monster and the enemies.
D．Some villagers, the famous scholar and the deep water monster.
5．What's the right order of the story
①Zhou decided to be a good person.
②Zhou killed the tiger and the monster.
③The villagers thought Zhou was dead and celebrated his death.
④Zhou Chu often bullied villagers.
⑤Zhou became a great soldier and died for his country.
A.②③④①⑤ B．②③①④⑤
C．④②③①⑤ D．④③②①⑤
6．The Chinese meaning of the underlined sentence “A prodigal who returns is more precious than gold.” is “________”．
A．一心不能二用 B．浪子回头金不换
C．一失足成千古恨 D．玉不琢，不成器
7．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage
A．Zhou Chu was the strongest person in his village.
B．It's never too late for everyone to correct his mistakes.
C．The villagers were afraid of Zhou Chu because of his looks.
D．Zhou Chu learned a good lesson from the villagers and Lu Yun.
C
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
人物故事 记叙文 ★★★☆☆
　　“Da da da daaaaah! ” These four notes are strong and full of power(力量). Even if you don't know Ludwig van Beethoven(1770～1827), you have probably heard these notes before.
This year is the 251th anniversary(周年) of Beethoven's birth. Born in Germany, he is one of the greatest musicians in history. The four opening notes above comes from his Symphony No. 5(《第五交响曲》), also known as Fate(《命运交响曲》).
Like this symphony, many of Beethoven's works are rich in emotion(情感). They probably came from his hard life. He started to lose his hearing in his 20s. But he chose to face this pain and turn his feelings into music.
In Symphony No. 5, for example, you can hear anger and grief(悲痛) in the powerful notes. But as the music goes on, it sounds like a man who is moving from darkness into light. In the end, when the strings(弦乐) and drums play together, you know that the man has beaten fate.
“I will seize(扼住) fate by the throat; it shall certainly never wholly overcome(战胜) me，” Beethoven once wrote. This spirit of his music will never stop giving people strength.
Ludwig van Beethoven died on March 26, 1827 at the age of 56. About 20，000 people went to his funeral(葬礼) in Vienna, Austria in 1827. Schools were closed and military(军队) was there to keep order. In 1977 Beethoven's Symphony No. 5 was sent into outer space by the US Voyagerprobe(“旅行者号”飞船)．
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Symphony No. 5 is strong and full of joy.
B．Beethoven was a famous British musician.
C．Bad fate never made Beethoven give up music.
D．Beethoven stopped his work because of illness.
9．What made Beethoven's music rich in emotion
A．He had many fans and friends.
B．He experienced a lot of pain.
C．He had a great talent for music.
D．He forgot everything except music.
10．Symphony No. 5 shows that Beethoven ________．
A．has finally overcome difficulties
B．enjoyed the darkness in his life
C．wanted to bring his music to space
D．decided to live a quite different life
11．What can we infer from this passage
A．Hard life and bad fate can help a musician create great music.
B．We needn't worry, instead we should take everything as it comes.
C．Beethoven's music can bring happiness to a person's hard life.
D．Beethoven's music has the power to encourage people to beat fate.
D
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
中国高铁 说明文 ★★★☆☆
　　The Chinese high speed rails may stand out(突出) because of its scale(规模). There are more than twice as many high speed trains in China as the rest of the world. Cities like Beijing have several hundred high speed trains stopping at the city every day, much more than any other big cities abroad. And every year when the Chinese Spring Festival comes, about 3 billion(十亿) trips take place within 2 weeks. It would be the same as every American taking 10 trips during Christmas, or every European taking 5 trips during Christmas. All the train tickets are gone within 10 seconds once they can be bought online.
The high speed trains are really great. Firstly, China's technology on building the railway is leading the rest of the world and there is no sign that any other country could go beyond China in near future. Secondly, China's trains are based on Japanese, German and French models. At last, the scale of Chinese high speed train is unthinkable to other countries, which has high speed train network(网络).
I had my first chance to ride the high speed trains last week when I had a business meeting in Zhengzhou. The train was amazing. It is clean and the seats are huge. You can't even feel how fast the train is moving. If there were no windows, I wouldn't be able to tell when we were stopped or when we were traveling at 300 km/h. I had traveled on an Amtrak train before in the US, and hated how slow it was and how many stops there were. Chinese high speed trains are of great difference.
I'm traveling again this week by train and I'm excited.
12．What's the main idea of this passage
A．Chinese high speed trains are amazing.
B．Different kinds of trains in the world.
C．My first chance to ride the high speed trains.
D．How fast the Chinese high speed trains are!
13．In Paragraph 1 the writer supported his opinion mainly by ________．
A．telling a short story
B．explaining the reasons
C．comparing some facts
D．following a time order
14．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to
A．American people. B．Train tickets.
C．European people. D．Train trips.
15．What does the writer think about the Chinese high speed train
A．He worries about it.
B．It needs to be improved.
C．An Amtrak train is better.
D．He thinks highly of it.
E
主题语境 语篇类型 难度
生活态度 议论文 ★★★★☆
　　①Amy and Susan both live an average(平常的) life. They have an average house, an average job and an average family. There is really nothing special about their lives, but there is also nothing really negative(消极的) about their lives.
②However, when they are both happy, it always seems that Amy is happier than Susan. It looks like nothing can trouble Amy. She is the life of the party and always has a big smile on her face.
③ Susan can't stop thinking about this. How is Amy so happy when they both lead such similar lives They go to the same stores, watch the same movies, even have similar schedules! How can Amy be so carefree when life is so stressful
④Between one's daily life and personal dreams, there is no way one can be so happy and stress free all the time. There are always a million things going on.
⑤But when Susan asks Amy about this, Amy says, “I just take life as it comes. It seems pretty easy then.”
⑥ ▲ How is it that Amy's life seems so much better most of the time
⑦The problem with Susan is that she spreads herself too thin. Not physically(身体上), but in her own head. While she tries to do everything at once and think about everything at once, Amy takes everything one step at a time. She is where she is, stays present in the moment and allows herself to focus on(关注) just one thing at a time.
⑧When you live each moment to its fullest, when you deal with where you are and are present in the now, most of your stress will go away.
16．What might be the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “carefree”？
A．粗心的 B．关心的
C．无忧无虑的 D．仔细的
17．Which of the following can be put in the ▲ ？
A．So Susan is always less happy than her friend Amy.
B．So what is the difference between these two friends
C．So what is the result of these two friends' experience
D．Let me give you some examples about these two friends.
18．If we put the passage into 3 parts, which of the following is the best
A．①②③/④⑤/⑥⑦⑧ B．①②/③④⑤⑥⑦/⑧
C．①②③/④⑤⑥/⑦⑧ D．①②/③④⑤/⑥⑦⑧
19．The best title of the passage could be ________．
A．Take life one step at a time
B．How to stay healthy under stress
C．What we can learn from friends
D．Let's become an average person
参考答案
【重难题型精练】
A
1～3 CDA
B
4～7 ACBC
C
8～11 CBAD
D
12～15 ACBD
E
16～19 CBDA

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