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021学年度第二学期期中线上教学质量评估
高三英语学科 2022. 4
（满分: 115分 答题时间: 105分钟）
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
The Life-Givers of the Desert: Oases throughout the World
Oases(绿洲) have had a strong influence on the development of society in desert regions. Aspects of trade as well as military and political power have all been impacted by oases. Merchants have relied on these fertile zones (21)______(get) access to vital water, food, and other supplies on their journeys. Historically, the Bahariya Oasis, (22)______ (locate) 370 kilometers from Cairo, is remarkable. During the ancient time, this water reserve was an agricultural center. More recently, tourism has brought important income to the region, which (23)______(stretch) more than 2, 000 square kilometers.
It’s not surprising (24)______ fascinated history lovers are by the area’s history and geographical features. In recent years, more than 100 golden mummies (25)______(discover) as part of a tomb system, which radar has shown to include more than 10,000 mummies. This amazing discovery was made in 1996, (26)______ a donkey fell into a hole and the animal’s owner saw the face of a shiny, golden-colored mummy inside. The mummies are near another significant piece of history: the Temple of Alexander the Great. Visitors to the region can also see tombs (27)______(cut) out of huge rocks. (28)______ dating back to 2500 years ago, the tombs were in such condition as could be determined to belong to a wealthy family. In terms of physical features, Bahariya is known for its hot and cold springs and Crystal Mountain, which is not really a mountain but rather large masses of various types of crystals.
Sitting in sharp contrast to the tough, dry conditions that surround (29)______, oases are remarkable. They exist (30)______ delicate yet crucial ecosystems, providing significant agricultural, tourism, and life-giving benefits to the regions.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. stimulation B. scared C. practice D. frustrating E. wandering F. trusted G. readily H. respond I. simply J. stuff K. grateful
The Benefits of Boredom
How did you feel on the last day of the term Perhaps you were excited for an upcoming holiday, or (31)______ because morning lie-ins were now possible. Whatever you felt, you probably weren’t bored. As the weeks roll on, though, boredom has a way of catching you up. As (32)______ as this might feel, it can actually be good for you to be bored.
What happens when you are bored
When you feel bored, your brain is (33)______ struggling to find something to activate its nerves. If it can’t find (34)______, for example, by watching television, your mind will look inwards. That’s when you daydream or you find your mind “(35)______”. Scientists have found that daydreaming gives your brain the space to solve problems. It can also stir imagination, ideas and creativity.
Is boredom good for you
Sandi Mann, who wrote a book called The Science of Boredom, believes that everyone should accept boredom (36)______. According to her research, “People who are bored are more creative.” Mann also says that accepting boredom means you’re less likely to become bored, “because the more new and exciting things we experience, the more we want, so we become less accepting of the boring (37)______.”
What if boredom makes you restless
Learning how to accept and (38)______ to boredom is important. Many people find boredom to be an uncomfortable feeling. That’s OK—with (39)______, you can learn to “sit with” that feeling and to use it to find fun and meaningful activities to do. There’s also a difference between feeling bored from time to time and feeling indifferent or uninterested in things over a long period. If that happens, talk to a (40)______ adult who will be able to help you.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
AI-based Conservation Efforts
When an endangered seabird hits a power line, it makes a sound “very much like the laser sound from Star Wars,” says conservation(野生动物保护) biologist Marc Travers. He should (41)______ as his team from the Endangered Seabird Recovery Project recorded thousands of hours of audio to determine if power lines affected local seabirds. Travers was trying to help establish how (42)______ birds were killed by power lines on the island of Kauai in Hawaii in 2011.
His team recorded 600 hours of audio and sent the recordings to Conservation Metrics, a company that assists conservation efforts with AI resources. Conservation Metrics used a program to “listen” to the recordings and (43)______ the sounds that signified bird electrocutions(触电身亡) . The result was (44)______, as the number of bird electrocutions was in the thousands. Armed with (45)______ that power lines were killing a significant number of birds, the team worked with the local utility service to reduce bird deaths.
(46)______, humans have been poor guardians of the planet. Humans have altered as much as 97 percent of land ecosystems. Key populations of (47)______ animals have dropped as much as 68 percent since 1970. The (48)______ in biodiversity around the world has created a depressing situation. Conservation efforts (49)______ key resources they need to have real impacts.
(50)______, humans now have AI-based tools that can help. AI can quickly and accurately (51)______ large amounts of data created by observations in the field. Then other programs such as PAWS (Protection Assistant for Wildlife Security) can help analyze the data and suggest the most (52)______ ways to focus conservation efforts.
In large national parks and wildlife reserves, poachers(偷猎者) are a danger for animals both big and small. Some animals are worth a lot of money on the black market. Park guards are left with an impossible task because there is too much land to (53)______. But the PAWS program allows guards to focus their efforts. PAWS has even predicted the (54)______ of traps in areas not yet patrolled (巡逻) by rangers!
We still face many challenges to (55)______ the loss of wildlife, but AI-powered programs promise to be a powerful conservation tool.
41. A. assume B. know C. hope D. lead
42. A. frequently B. directly C. violently D. rarely
43. A. imitate B. locate C. count D. present
44. A. puzzling B. demanding C. disturbing D. uplifting
45. A. justice B. proof C. image D. wisdom
46. A. In theory B. By definition C. On the contrary D. By many measures
47. A. monitored B. enclosed C. requested D. overlooked
48. A. decline B. expansion C. climb D. quality
49. A. supply B. renew C. lack D. invent
50. A. Obviously B. Fortunately C. Interestingly D. Initially
51. A. give away B. sort through C. get over D. make up
52. A. exclusive B. delicate C. effective D. special
53. A. convey B. mark C. cover D. hide
54. A. emergence B. movement C. evolution D. existence
55. A. recover B. reverse C. remove D. reveal
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in thepassage you have just read.
(A)
The men glanced around the living room which Hana had taken great pains to decorate properly. A new flowered rug lay on the floor, and fresh white curtains that Kiku had helped Hana sew hung at the windows. The first tight buds of the flowering peach in their yard had begun to bloom, and knowing there would be callers, Hana had arranged a bunch on the table.
“We’ ll come right to the point,” a tall red-headed man said without bothering to sit down.
“There’ve been some complaints from the neighbourhood about having Japanese on this block,”
Taro caught his breath. “I see. Can you tell me who it was that complained ”
“Just some of the neighbours.”
“What is it that we have done to offend them ”
“Well, nothing specific.”
Taro looked at each of the men in turn and tried to keep his voice steady. “Gentlemen,” he began. “My wife and I looked many, many months to find a home where we might raise our daughter. When the owner said there would be no objection to our moving in here, we trusted him. It was a dream come true for us. We have already spent much time and money to make this house our home. And now, you would ask us to leave ”
Taro dared not stop before he finished all he wanted to say: “I should like to meet those neighbours who object to us,” he said. “Is it any of you gentlemen ”
The men looked uncomfortable. “We’re just here to represent them.”
“Then please invite them to come talk to me. If they can tell me why we aren’t desirable or why we do not deserve their respect, I shall consider their request. I am the proprietor of Takeda Dry Goods and Grocers on Seventh Street and I would be happy to have them visit my shop as well.”
The men glanced uneasily at one another and had nothing more to say.
56. The main purpose of the gentlemen’s visit was to ______.
A. arrange a meeting for Taro to talk with the angry neighbours
B. make Taro aware of the complaints about the family’s decorations
C. tell Taro that his family was not welcome in the neighbourhood
D. extend their welcome to the family to settle in the neighbourhood
57. The underlined word “proprietor” is closest in meaning to ______.
A. owner B. newcomer C. customer D. caller
58. Which description best reflects Taro’s character
A. He was eager to avoid conflicts. B. He was brave to defend his rights.
C. He was offensive and disrespectful. D. He was considerate of others’ feelings.
59. What social problem is revealed in the story
A. Unsafe neighbourhood. B. Illegal Immigration.
C. Housing shortage. D. Racial prejudice.
(B)
Football star inspires poetry pupils.
Rio Ferdinand is one of the Premier League’s greatest ever players. He made his first appearance in the League for West Ham in the 1995-96 season and by the time he retired from the 2014-15 season, he had won the Premier League title six times with Manchester United. Ferdinand was eager to be a judge in the Premier League Writing Stars competition, where children can hand in their own poem on the theme of diversity. Ferdinand decided to drop in on his old school, Camelot Primary in Peckham, London, and answer some questions. Are you excited to be a judge for the Premier League Writing Stars poetry competition “I’m very excited because you get the chance to see what the kids are up to now and how the kids think. It’s really important for people to express themselves through words. I can’t wait to read all of the poems.” When you were at school, what subject did you like the most “I like drama, PE and English. These were my three strongest subjects at school.” What was your favourite book at school “As a kid, my favourite book was The Twits by Roald Dahl.” The Premier League Writing Stars competition asks us to celebrate the ways in which we are beautifully different and wonderfully the same. Why is this an important theme “It is an important theme because it is true. I’ve been to many parts of the world and everyone is similar in the way they are. Everywhere you go, there are a lot of different people in the world, but we are very much the same in many ways.” COMPETITION Why not write your own poem on the theme of diversity for the Premier Writing Stars competition Last year, more than 25,000 children entered. You could even write a rap or song lyrics. Your class could win a poetry workshop and have the Premier League trophy visit your primary school! Rio Ferdinand’s fellow judges include poet Joseph Coelho, musician Olly Murs and writer Lauren Child. There will be two national winners and ten regional winners from both key stage 1 (five to seven years old) and key stage 2 (seven to 11 years old). The closing date is Friday 13 May, so get your teacher to register on this week!
60. To enter the competition, an applicant must ______.
A. be under the age of seven B. hand in a poem this week
C. write about the theme of diversity D. register on Friday 13 May
61. What can be learned about Rio Ferdinand
A. He rose to fame for the poems he wrote back at school.
B. He once dropped out of Camelot Primary in Peckham.
C. He has been an organizer of the competition since 2015.
D. He is delighted to be the judge in the competition.
62. The purpose of the poster is to ______.
A. promote the popularity of the competition
B. introduce the association of Premier League
C. motivate children to do sports in their spare time
D. bridge the gap between sports and literature
(C)
Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator(捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze.
A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved ”
To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly.
The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another.
What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us.
63. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ______.
A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity
B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies
C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques
D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods
64. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics
A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism.
C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication.
65. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with
A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert
B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals.
C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations.
D. City living has helped to preserve animal species.
66. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ______.
A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly
B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators
C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans
D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. More and more Europeans are now choosing to travel by land or sea whenever possible. B. However, airlines in Europe also have warned of the harmful effects of the flight shaming movement. C. In addition, travelers are more likely to discover interesting new restaurants and hotels, and get a chance to interact with the locals. D. A new anti-flying movement known as “flight shaming” is giving Earth-loving travelers a way of shaking off their guilt while still experiencing the joys of domestic and international travel. E. It’s a way of revisiting holiday travel plan, including your accommodations while protecting the environment. F. Other local celebrities, including environmental icon Greta Thunberg, followed suit.
Flight Shaming: # stayontheground
For the environmentally conscious, boarding a flight can be a source of mild stress or guilt, considering the large amounts of carbon footprint that comes with it. (67)____________
Flight shaming, or flygskam, is a movement that originated in Sweden in 2017. Back then, singer Staffan Lindberg declared his intention to give up flying to and from his concerts in favor of travel by train, bus, car, or boat. (68)____________ Before long, a substantial portion of the general public had happily jumped on board. The following year, the hashtag # jagstannarpamarken —which translates as # stayontheground started gaining popularity on the Internet, and by 2019, annual air travel in Sweden had fallen by 5%.
Although “shame” has a relatively negative meaning associated with it, the overall outcome of the flight shaming movement has been undeniably positive. No longer restricted to Sweden alone, the trend has spread throughout Europe. (69)____________ Besides, the movement is less about shaming other people out of flying than it is about changing one’s own travel habits for the benefits of the Earth.
An interesting side effect of the flight shaming movement is that those who observe it often rediscover the novelty of slow, purposeful travel. When traveling by land, one can take in the variety of sights, sounds, and smells along the way. (70)____________ Without doubt, travelers willing to take on the challenge of flygskam have the opportunity to experience local culture in ways that passengers flying thousands of miles above could only dream of.
III. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
A New Wave of Migration
As the sea extends steadily inland in countries such as Bangladesh and as decreasing rains put already marginal farmland out of play in Ethiopia and other places, a wave of migration caused by the changing climate is taking shape on the horizon.
But most “climate migrants” will not be heading abroad to start new lives; instead they will settle elsewhere in their home countries. A report released this week declares that if nothing is done to control global warming and factor migration into development planning, by mid-century this internal population shift could involve more than 140 million people in three regions examined: sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia and Latin America. “Climate change is already a driver of internal migration, and it will become more so in the future,” says John Roome, senior director of Climate change at The World Bank Group.
The potential for such an increase in area consisting of 55 percent of the developing world’s population raises questions of environmental justice because those who have contributed the least to global warming are forced to shoulder more of the burden. It is necessary for developed countries like the U.S. to step up, says Maria Cristina Garcia, a professor of American Studies at Cornell University. Developed countries can help by both working to limit greenhouse gas emissions and funding efforts to help developing nations plan for climate migration challenges.
The study of climate migration is still relatively new, and projections of just how many people might be driven from their homes as the world warms are hard to pin down. Some people will need to migrate despite any measures that might be taken —but “this doesn’t have to be a crisis” Roome says. Properly managed migration could even bring more economic opportunities to some poor communities. But planning needs to start now.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 在等待测试结果的时候，居民们都如坐针毡。(seem)
73. 再怎么强调保持社交距离的重要性也不为过。(distance)
74. 入侵物种所造成的经济与环境损失真是超乎人们的想象。(imagination)
75. 看见线上课堂里的老师摇身一变成了社区志愿者，这位女孩情不自禁地向她比心。(transform)
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学的学生李明。学生会将要举办英语演讲比赛，正在征求学生意见。请你根据下表中的比赛方案，向学生会写封邮件，指明需要改善的地方并提出改进建议与理由。
英语演讲比赛
主题 My Dream
时长 2分钟
提交方式 发送视频到电子邮箱speechcontest@
评奖方式 校园网上师生投票评奖
参赛截止日期 本月底前21. to get 考查动词不定式作目的状语
22. located 考查过去分词作状语
23. stretches 考查一般现在时
24. how 考查 how 引导的名词从句
25. were discovered/have been discovered
考查一般过去时或现在完成时被动
26. when 考查定语从句
27. cut 考查过去分词
28. Though/Although 考查让步状语从句
29. them 考查代词
30. as 考查介词
31-35 KDIAE 36-40 GJHCF
41-45BACCB 46-50 DAACB 51-55 BCCDB
56-59 CABD 60-62 CDA 63-66 BACD
67-70 DFAC
72. 在等待测试结果的时候,居民们都如坐针毡。（seem）
The residents seemed to be on pins and needles while waiting for
the results of the (nucleic acid) test.
73. 再怎么强调保持社交距离的重要性也不为过。(distance)
The importance of keeping social distance/distancing cannot be
too emphasized.
74. 入侵物种所造成的经济与环境损失真是超乎人们的想象。
（imagination）
The economic and environmental losses caused by invasive
species are really beyond people's imagination.
75.看见线上课堂里的老师摇身一变成了社区志愿者，这位女孩情不自禁
地向她比心。 (transform)
Seeing that the teacher in the online class transformed a
community volunteer, the girl couldn't help conveying love
towards her/him with fingers.

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