资源简介

(共70张PPT)
-ing form
Grammar and Usage
考点总览
1.-ing有两个名字：
动名词和现在分词。他们都具有动词的意义和某些特征，在担当句子成分时，时有不同。
2.-ing的亲戚们：
否定形式： not -ing
动名词的复合结构:
形容词性物主代词+动词-ing
名词’s+动词-ing
代词宾格+动词-ing
名词+动词-ing
考点总览
动词-ing 主动式 被动式
一般式（与谓语动词同时发生） doing being done
完成式（发生在谓语动词之前） having done having been done
3.动词-ing的家庭重任：
1.动词ing形式做主语时表示经常性习惯性的动作，常常放在句首。
Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.
大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。
Wasting a person's time is the same as killing him for his property.
浪费别人的时间，无异于谋财害命。
一、-ing作主语（动名词作主语）
2.形式主语it代替动词-ing形式做主语。
常用句型：
It's a waste of time doing sth.
做某事是浪费时间。
It's useless/ worthwhile doing sth.
做某事是没用的/值得的。
It's no good /use /fun doing sth.
做某事没好处/没用/没意思。
It's no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.
等别人替你做决定是没有用的。
It's a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
劝说这种人加入我们就是浪费时间。
二、动词-ing作宾语（动名词作宾语）
/介词的宾语
We should pay attention to not driving after drinking.
注意不要酒后开车。
3.
Your task is cleaning the windows.
= Cleaning the windows is your task.
三、-ing形式作表语
（1）动名词形式作表语
动名词作表语，与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语，表语可互换位置。
（2）现在分词作表语
现在分词作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
1. The report was encouraging. The disease was going to be beaten entirely.
2. It was astonishing to see the animals and plants that are found nowhere else in the world.
3. I was surprised to see him.
猜猜谁是动名词？
1. Our trip was disappointing. We did not find any unusual plants as expected.
2. Children are singing and laughing on the playground.
3.Your task is cleaning the windows.
四、-ing形式作定语
也分为动名词作定语和现在分词作定语。动名词作定语表示所修饰名词的性质或用途；现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，此时相当于一个定语从句。
(2) a walking stick
(1) a walking man
=a man who is walking
= a stick for walking
What’s the difference between (1) and (2)
(1) a swimming man
(2) a swimming pool
动名词作定语？现在分词作定语？
a reading room
a washing machine
an exciting evening
an interesting crosstalk
阅览室
洗衣机
激动人心的夜晚
有趣的相声
a sleeping car
a smoking room
listening practice
an opening speech
a booking office
running water
卧铺车
吸烟室
听力练习
开幕词
售票处
自来水
boiling water
flying kites
the rising sun
a dancing girl
沸腾的水
飞的风筝
升起的太阳
跳舞的女孩
doing作定语 定语从句
1.The teacher teaching us English is Mr. Li.
=The teacher is Mr. Li.
2.The people sitting behind us are all teachers.
=The people are all teachers.
Answers:
1.who is teaching us English
2.who are sitting behind us
单个的-ing形式作定语，放在所修饰的名词前面；-ing短语作定语则放在所修饰的名词之后。
小 结
a working man
a worker planting trees
a tree being planted
五、-ing形式作宾语补足语
（现在分词做宾补）
I heard the girl singing in the classroom.
I found a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open.
-ing作宾补（现在分词作宾补）
The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest.
We have the fire burning all day.
能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：
“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！
make, let, have, keep, leave, look at, see, watch, hear, listen to, notice, find, feel 等。
怎么记？
1. The man _____ (sit) on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.
2. Who is that girl _______ (walk) along the river
3. The children _________ (practise) playing the violin over there will give a performance next week.
sitting
walking
practising
Practice
4. You can see them __________ (perform) every night this week at the New Theatre.
5. I could hear them __________ (whisper) to each other during the first part of the play.
6. We watched the army _______ (march) down the street towards the park.
performing
whispering
marching
六、-ing形式作状语
-ing短语在句子中可作状语，来修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。-ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作， 一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。
1. 作时间状语
-ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如：
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
=When they heard the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时，他们情不自禁地哭了起来。
Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After I had received his letter, I decided to write back.
收到他的信后，我决定给他回信。
2. 作原因状语
-ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如：
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
=Because he was so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week.
=Because (As) he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week.
因为他已经去过长城许多次，上周他就没去。
3. 作条件状语
-ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如：
Working hard, you will succeed. =If you work hard, you will succeed.
Being given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
=If they had been given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果对这些树再多注意些，它们可能长得更好。
4. 作让步状语
-ing短语作让步状语，可置于句首或 句末，常与even if, though 连用。如：
Though working from morning till night, his father didn’t get enough food.
=Although his father worked from morning till night, he didn’t get enough food.
虽然他父亲从早到晚拼命地干活，但是他还是挣不到足够的吃的。
5. 作伴随状语
置于句首或句末。如：
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. =They sang and laughed; they came into the classroom. 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。
6.作结果状语：表示自然而然的结果，常置于句末。如：
(1)He got up late, missing the train.
(2)The fire lasted nearly a month, leaving nothing valuable.
When working in the factory, he was
an advanced worker.
=When he worked in the factory, he
was an advanced worker.
注意：
考点1. 现在分词短语与when, while, though, until, if 等连词连用时，相当于这些连词引导的一个从句。如：
Though willing to attend the party, he
refused the invitation.
=Though he was willing to attend the
party, he refused the invitation.
While staying in Beijing, he came to see
me twice.
=While he was staying in Beijing, he
came to see me twice.
考点2：动词-ing形式（现在分词）在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。如：
He traveled on the plane like this, keeping the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
= When he traveled on the plane like this, he kept the tortoise hidden in a blanket.
1. a. Hearing the news, tears ran down her face.
b. Hearing the news, she cried out sadly.
2. a. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it.
b. Entering the classroom, nobody was found in it.
Choose the correct sentence.
3. a. Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.
b. Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden.
4. a. Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.
b. I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.
1. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus ____ the delay.
A. to cause B. causing C. caused D. cause
2. One by one Peter sold his bits and pieces, ____ only a mite of their worth. A. getting B. got C. to get D. get
Exercise
3. After seeing the movie, _____. A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested
him
4. The next morning she found the man in bed, _____ dead.
　A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
5. There was terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.
　A. followed 　　 B. following 　　　　
C. to be followed D. being followed
6. The secretary worked late into the night, ____ a long speech for the president.
　A. to prepare 　　B. preparing 　　　
C. prepared 　　 D. was preparing
7. “Can’t you read ” Mary said____ to the notice.
　A. angrily pointing 　 B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed 　 D. and angrily pointing
8. ___ a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
9. What worried the boy most was ___ to visit his father in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C. having not been allowed D. his being not allowed
10. They apologized for ____ to attend the meeting. A. their not being able B. their being not able C. them not able D. them being able not
高考链接
1.
A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year”for ___61___ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week.
答案：being
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词for可知，此处用动名词形式作宾语，故填being。
2.
When we got a call ___68___ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was ___a__ joke.
答案.saying
【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系，故填saying。
3.
On the last day of our week-long stay，we ___were invited___(invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，___70___ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.
答案：listening
【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。
4.Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to ___myself___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.
答案.facing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。
5.
26. Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _______ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.
A. having exceeded B. to exceed
C. exceeded D. exceeding
【答案】D
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。
点睛：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。
having exceeded强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词create的动作之前；to exceed表示将要超出；exceeded过去分词表示被动。分析句意可知，这里用现在分词作结果状语。
6. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running.
答案:dying
解析：考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
7. China's approach to protecting its environment while ___70___ (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele.
答案:feeding
解析. 考查省略句。句意：中国在养活了中国人民的同时又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定人提供了很有用的经验。空格处表示正在进行的动作，while后面省略掉了China is，省略句的原则：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、，让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词时，那么可以把主语和be动词一块省略。故填feeding。
8. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid ____64____(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel challenged (challenge).
答案 looking
9. _________（travel） along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience
答案 Traveling
【解析】考查动名词。句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。“____ along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B选项正确。
点睛：动名词是动词-ing形式的一种，兼有动词和名词特征。在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
10.
32.China‘s image is improving steadily, with more countries__________ （recognize）its role in international affairs.
答案：recognizing
【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用with + 名词 + 现在分词结构，故选A
Thank you

展开更多......

收起↑