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中考专项 短文填空
命题规律：语篇材料与日常生活息息相关，包括人物介绍，文化传承、健康生活、科技创新、教育引导等等。文体上以记叙文和说明文为主。所填词汇涉及变形的个数为2-5个，通常以3-4个变形为主。
考察特点如下：
所需10选10短文10个词的设置特点：
（1）动词2-3个
词形变化考察方向： 单三形式、过去式、过去分词、现在分词、动名词、形容词
名词1-2个
词形变化考察方向：复数、所有格、形容词
代词1-2个
词形变化考察方向：主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、反身代词
形容词/副词 1-2个
词形变化考察方向：原形、形容词和副词的转化、比较级、最高级
（5）连词0-1个
（6）介词1个
（7）数词0-1个
词形变化考察方向：基数词和序数词的转化
2.12选10文章多余2个词的设置特点：
常见的与答案词义相反或易混淆的同类词。
以形容词、实义动词和代词居多。
解题步骤：
一、研究备选词汇，对词性做简单标记，初步理解词义。
二、通读全文，把握文章大意，标注空格前后的关键词。
三、结合语境，试填空格。根据句子结构和意义确定要填的单词。
四、复读全文，检查答案。信息点正确、单词拼写正确、大小写正确。
真题练习：
（2021 甘肃天水市中考）
方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用 一次。
ready, be, daily, for, nothing, such as, only, return, thousand, many
The more you read, the more things you know. The more you learn, the more places you’ll go. Reading is important ___51___ everyone. China has ___52___ of public libraries in cities, towns and even borrow books, and it costs ___53___ to borrow them. In some places, you may borrow as ___54___ books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish all the books you’ve borrowed.
The latest novels are always in great need, and non-fiction books, ___55___ books on history, science and gardening, are well-loved, too.
If the books you need are out, you may ask for them to be kept for you when they ___56___. And when the books are back and are ___57___ for you, the librarian will let you know.
Most public libraries also have a reading-room. There are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the ___58___ newspapers and all the other important periodicals (the weeklies, the monthlies and the quarterlies ) . In the reference library, there ___59___ dictionaries, encyclopedias, books of maps and other useful books. But you can ___60___ use these books there. You cannot take them out.
【答案】
51. for 52. thousands 53. nothing 54. many 55. such as
56. are returned 57. ready 58. daily 59. are 60. only
（2021 辽宁锦州中考）
短文填空（共10分, 每小题］分）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确, 并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置（每个词只能用一次）。
treat, he, story, difficulty, one, but, around, more, become, along
Dreams are often mysterious （神秘的）. ______41______ day, a man named Zhuang Zhou had a very interesting dream. He dreamed of becoming a beautiful butterfly. Flying _____42_____, he could do anything he wanted. How happy and carefree （无忧无虑的）he was! He forgot that he was a man.
Then he woke up from his dream and found he was a man.
“Who am I, indeed （到底） ” he asked_____43_____.
“Am I Zhuang Zhou or the butterfly ”
Finally, he said, “Maybe I am a butterfly. In my dream, I _____44_____ a man and my name was Zhuang Zhou.”
Zhuang Zhou lived _____45_____ than 2, 000 years ago. We also call him Zhuang Zi.
Zhuang Zi loved nature and freedom （自由）. He thought that people and animals should ____46____ equally （平等地）. There are many interesting _____47_____ about him and animals.
Once, Zhuang Zi and his friend were taking a walk ______48______ the river. After a while, Zhuang Zi said, “Look at the fish! How happy they are!” His friend asked him, “You are not a fish. How do you know they are happy ” Zhuang Zi smiled, _____49_____ you are not me. How do you know that I don’t know the fish’s feelings ”
Is Zhuang Zi’s question a _____50_____ one What do you think he was — a man or a butterfly
【答案】
41. One 42. around 43. himself 44. became 45. more
46. be treated 47. stories 48. along 49. but 50. difficult
（2021 福建中考）
任务型完形填空（共10空;每空1分, 满分10分）
用方框中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词或短语限用 一次。
ready, be, daily, for, nothing, such as, only, return, thousand, many
The more you read, the more things you know. The more you learn, the more places you’ll go. Reading is important ___51___ everyone. China has ___52___ of public libraries in cities, towns and even borrow books, and it costs ___53___ to borrow them. In some places, you may borrow as ___54___ books as you want, but in others you are limited to a certain number of books for several weeks so that you can have enough time to finish all the books you’ve borrowed.
The latest novels are always in great need, and non-fiction books, ___55___ books on history, science and gardening, are well-loved, too.
If the books you need are out, you may ask for them to be kept for you when they ___56___. And when the books are back and are ___57___ for you, the librarian will let you know.
Most public libraries also have a reading-room. There are tables and desks at which you can sit and read the ___58___ newspapers and all the other important periodicals (the weeklies, the monthlies and the quarterlies ) . In the reference library, there ___59___ dictionaries, encyclopedias, books of maps and other useful books. But you can ___60___ use these books there. You cannot take them out.
【答案】
51. for 52. thousands 53. nothing 54. many 55. such as
56. are returned 57. ready 58. daily 59. are 60. only
（2021辽宁营口中考）
根据短文内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文完整、正确。(每个词只用一次)
用方框中所给词的正确形式填空, 使短文完整、正确.
weak, change, a, can, name, because, so, fight, into, interest
Pupils in China all like the traditional Chinese book ____71____ Journey to the West. In the past, it wasn’t popular with western children, but most of them ____72____ their minds already.
The Monkey King is not just ____73____ normal monkey. In fact, he sometimes does not even look like a monkey! This is ____74____ he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself ____75____ different animals and objects. But unless he can hide his tail, he ____76____ turn himself into a man. ____77____ bad men, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. Sometimes he can make the stick ____78____ small that he can keep it in his ear. At other times, he is able to make it big and long.
The Monkey King has excited Chinese children for many years. Western children have also become ____79____ in reading this story because the clever Monkey King keeps fighting to help the _____80_____ just like a super hero.
【答案】
named 72. have changed 73. a 74. because 75. into
76. can’t/cannot/can not 77. To fight 78. so 79. interested 80. weak
（2021 山西中考）
语运用(每小题1 分，共10分)
we feel total which accept festival add hard close refuse discuss although
The sweetest memory of my childhood is about a round table. When I was still little, my whole family would get together on different traditional _____50_____ to have dinner. We kids would be sitting around or playing hide-and-seek under the table while the grown-ups were having a _____51_____.
When I got a bit older, my aunt brought back her boyfriend and my grandma cheerfully _____52_____ another seat to the round table. It seemed a little more crowded, but we all felt much _____53_____ to each other. When I was twelve, my grandpa passed away. That made us _____54_____ sad. However, when the whole family got together once again, we _____55_____ agreed that his chair, his bowl and his chopsticks should remain the same, even though his seat was empty, we felt like that he had never left us.
We all have a table like this in _____56_____ homes. It is a sign of reunion of our family showing our feelings. _____57_____ the reason why we come together may be different, the feelings behind it are the same. Usually different cultures _____58_____ by us around the table. What’s more, we express the love not only for our family, but also for a community, our nation and even the whole world.
The history of our nation has been the stories of looking for or running to the round table _____59_____ we belong to. The round table has been a symbol of the Chinese feelings. It was, it is and will always be.
【答案】
festivals 51. discussion 52. added 53. closer 54. feel
55. totally 56. our 57. Although 58. are accepted 59. which

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