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2022年上海市静安区中考一模英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、单项选择
1．Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from the others
A．admit B．print C．divide D．citizen
2．Try to do one thing at ________ time, and do it well.
A．a B．an C．the D．/
3．Several strong men broke ________ Mr. Smith’s house when he went to sleep last night.
A．out B．into C．off D．down
4．The staff had better relax ________ after the opening ceremony.
A．they B．them C．their D．themselves
5．We questioned two people, but ________ of them was the missing person.
A．neither B．none C．both D．all
6．We can get much ________ from all over the world on the Internet every day.
A．report B．book C．information D．suggestion
7．My neighbour Granny Wang had a lovely granddaughter in her ________.
A．fifty B．fifties C．fiftieth D．fiftieths
8．This is________ painting I have ever seen in the exhibition.
A．precious B．more precious C．most precious D．the most precious
9．Tracy saw there________ a necklace and a pair of earrings in the gift box.
A．is B．was C．be D．will be
10．________ great fun it is to do a project with my group members!
A．What B．How C．What a D．What an
11．— ________ will the city in lockdown reopen
— In two weeks.
A．How soon B．How long C．How fast D．How often
12．The rubbish ________ from the grass, and then the campsite was clean again.
A．removed B．is removed C．was removed D．be removed
13．Since you’ve made a decision ________ abroad, you have to depend on yourself.
A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying
14．I can recognize the singer because I remember________ him somewhere.
A．interview B．interviewed C．to interview D．interviewing
15．To our surprise, the robot ________ communicate with us in five languages.
A．can B．must C．should D．need
16．Linda, ________ the weather forecast before you go on a trip.
A．checks B．check C．checking D．to check
17．There’s a long distance from home to Century Park, ________ you’d better set off right now.
A．or B．but C．nor D．so
18．You’ll lose marks in the exam ________ you check the paper very carefully.
A．unless B．if C．when D．after
19．— Ellen, I could contact the customers for you if you want.
— ________.
A．OK, I’ll take your advice B．You are welcome
C．Thank you, but I can manage D．That sounds interesting
20．—Sorry, Jimmy. I’ve broken your vase.
—________
A．I’m afraid you can’t. B．Have another try. C．How could you do that D．Of course not.
二、短文选词填空
A．encouraged B．effective C．still D．survey E. experiment
It is often said that the best way to solve a hard problem is to sleep on it. Is it ___21___ A new study shows it is.The scientists at Northwestern University, US, found that sleeping is useful in both strengthening and reorganizing memory. This can help you solve problems.
The scientists did a(n) ___22___ on 57 university students. They asked students to solve difficult puzzles on the first day. Students worked on each puzzle while listening to different music. The scientists___23___ students to remember the music they heard while solving the puzzles. Finally, there were ___24___ six puzzles that the students hadn’t solved.
A．active B．proof C．continued D．linked E. comfortably
The students then went back home to sleep. They were given special sleep-observing and music boxes. The music boxes played music ___25___ with the unsolved puzzles while the students fell asleep. At the moment they were able to dream and reorganize their memories.The next morning, the students ___26___ to try the unsolved puzzles. The scientists found percent more students could solve them. The music made the memories they had of the puzzles while they were sleeping ___27___. It allowed them to “work” on the puzzles in their sleep.
In an earlier time, studies of both people and animals have shown that sleep can not only strengthen memory, but also help us organize and send information. This study offers more
___28___ of these findings. So next time when you face a difficult problem, sleep on it. Play some music to make yourself think of the problem.
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
29．The famous writer has made two ____ on the topic to his fans. (speech)
30．Bob found that his manager sat in the ____ row, just behind him. (nine)
31．Mr. Clark’s first ____was to get help from the police when he lost his safe. (think)
32．Mike wanted to ____ the new washing machine. (operation)
33．It’s ____ that Beijing will hold the 2022 Winter Olympic Games. (drama)
34．The lady seemed ____ at what happened to her pet dog. (surprise)
35．The scientist promised ____to work for her home country in all her life. (faithful)
36．Sorry, I swam in the river because I was quite ____ of the warning signs. (aware)
四、改写句子
37．Jenny always respects the person who gives her advice.（改为一般疑问句）
____Jenny always____ the person who gives her advice
38．Model students rarely refuse to give a hand when needed.（改为反意疑问句）
Model students rarely refuse to give a hand when needed, ____
39．“Will you imagine the changes of life in the future ” Jill asked Tom.（改为间接引语）
Jill asked Tom ____ he ____ imagine the changes of life in the future.
40．Troubles began when Alex chose the wrong route to the park.（改为被动语态）
Troubles began when the wrong route to the park ____ by Alex.
五、划线部分提问
41．The computers go wrong twice a week these days.（对划线部分提问）
____ do the computers go wrong these days
六、同义句转化
42．Tina managed to create her first comic strips without any help.（保持句意基本不变）
Tina ____ creating her first comic strips without any help.
七、将所给单词连成句子
43．to clean out, the coming party, were required, for, the students, the classroom（连词成句）
____________________________ .
八、阅读单选
Friday, 19 August, 1768
With the help of Seamen Francis, John and Samuel, I have managed to go aboard Endeavour.
He’s small, and his company is over 80 in number. It’s a wonder I have not been discovered.
It’s a good hiding place I’ve got, in a small boat Endeavour carries. I can look over the boat without being noticed. But it is difficult, lying day and night.
The wind blows the ropes against the deck, and the ship’s bell rings regularly. I thought it could never be so noisy on a ship. But it is.
I’ve got chickens as neighbours. They cluck in cages day and night. I’m glad of their company.
Captain Cook gathered the seamen and read the Articles of War aloud. Captain is a clean man with cold eyes.
Sunday, 21 August
I had a stomachache again. I wish my father would come aboard and take me home. I’m tired, wet and hungry. Father knows by my letter that I’ve run away from the farm. But I believe he would not come. Father is so disillusioned that he hasn’t talked with me for several weeks. All my brothers are excellent students. Only I could not focus on my studies. Father has no use for a son who will not learn well.
Thursday, 25 August
I shall be patient. Father thinks me hopeless when it sticks with a plan. He says I run from everything. Well, I did run from school and the farm. But I had a good excuse. Although hiding on the boat isn’t pleasant, I am better off than I was with the farmers. I shall show Father that I won’t give up easily. That I am good for something. That I am more than a farmer’s boy.
The rain has stopped. At last we set a sail. Now there are new sounds to join with the others. The sea is waving, the flags are clapping, the seamen are singing out. Fine sounds. Sailing sounds.
44．“He” in Paragraph 1 refers to ________.
A．Francis B．John C．Samuel D．Endeavour
45．The next type is ________.
A．diary B．letter C．notice D．advertisement
46．The writer missed his father when he ________.
A．look over the boat B．had a stomachache C．saw the captain D．got chickens as enighbours
47．The underlined word “disillusioned” in Paragraph 6 means “________”.
A．disappointed B．excited C．frightened D．pleased
48．The writer sailed with the seamen because ________
A．his father didn’t allow him to go sailing
B．he wanted his father to worry about him
C．he decided to show he was a hopeful boy
D．they asked him to escape from home
49．From the article, we can conclude the writer was a(n) ________ person.
A．serious B．strange C．proud D．independent
九、完形填空
(T=Teacher, C=Charles, J=Joan)
T: OK, everyone. It’s time for our class meeting. Today Charles and Joan are going to __50__ about inventions. Charles, let’s start with you.
C: Thank you, Mr Black. I think that scientists should __51__ increase the number of new inventions. Inventions help us live better and longer. Think about all the inventions that save lives like X-rays and machine to start hearts when they stop. I believe new inventions will be good for us in the future.
T: Joan, your opinion
J: I don’t agree. In my opinion, scientists need to __52__ the number of new inventions. Technology is nothing bad and we do need new inventions. But having more inventions may not be good. Some inventions such as nuclear power（核能）even bring serious problems.
C: But nuclear power provides us with cheap energy.
J: Although it is cheap, lots of people are thinking about its __53__. There were dangerous accidents in Japan in 2011.
C: I disagree. What about cars There’s some danger too. Should we not use them just because car accidents happen every day Cars make our life __54__, don’t you agree
J: I don’t think so. Just look at traffic jams. We waste so much time on the road because there are too many cars. __55__, all those cars make the air every polluted.
C: And this is why we need more new inventions. I know some new cars are environmentally friendly. I believe they will help to solve some of the pollution problems.
T: All right. Class, let’s discuss it together. Who do you agree with
50．A．ask B．read C．argue D．teach
51．A．quickly B．hardly C．suddenly D．probably
52．A．write B．count C．calculate D．reduce
53．A．safety B．use C．value D．advantage
54．A．busier B．easier C．poorer D．healthier
55．A．As a result B．In the end C．For example D．What’s more
十、短文首字母填空
I was cycling and saw a person about 250 meters ahead of me. I could tell I was cycling a little f__56__ than him. I decided to catch up with him. I had about a kilometre to go on the road before turning off.
I started cycling more and more quickly. After a while, I was o__57__ about 100 metres behind him, so I really sped up and tried my best.
Finally, I passed him. On the inside, I felt so d__58__. I defeated him! But he didn’t know we were racing.
After I passed him, I felt so happy and rode on. Soon I found that I had missed my turn and had to r__59__.
Isn’t that what happens in life when we compete with others, trying to outdo them or trying to show that we are more s__60__ or more important We think it is an exciting moment, so we spend our time and e__61__ running after them and miss out on our own paths.
The problem with an unhealthy race is that it’s a never ending cycle. There will always be s__62__ ahead of you in one way or another. What you should do is just run your own race and wish others well.
Wherever you go, no matter what the weather is, always bring your own sunshine.
十一、阅读回答问题
Joe Hammer loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the following year.
At the same time as Joe was walking to the game, Kim Glen was walking to his car. Kim felt tired. He knew it was time to stop working so hard. Kim got into his car and headed home. He was driving down Seventh Avenue when he had a heart attack. Kim’s car hit Joe so hard that Joe was thrown five feet into the air.
Joe woke up in a hospital room. When he learned that both his legs were broken, he realized his college basketball dream were over. Joe did what the doctors told him, but his progress was slow. When he left the hospital, Joe was sent to a center for physical therapy(理疗).
A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny Chen. Sunny had been a coach before. His legs were paralyzed(瘫痪)from a skiing accident. Although Sunny couldn’t move his legs, he coached a basketball team called the Suns. Everyone on the team played from a wheelchair. Sunny invited Joe to join them. Joe played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself.
After becoming a part of the Suns, Joe improved quickly. Basketball was like medicine for him. And whenever Joe became sad or angry, Sunny was there to comfort and help him. The day before Joe left the center, he had dinner with Sunny. He asked Sunny how he managed to be so happy, confident and generous, even with his paralysis.
Sunny smiled and said, “It was quite simple._______________”
63．Who was injured more seriously in the accident, Joe or Kim
______________________________
64．What was Joe’s dream before the accident
______________________________
65．How did Joe improve in the hospital
______________________________
66．What made the Suns different from ordinary basketball players
______________________________
67．Why did Joe stop feeling sorry for himself although he played badly
______________________________
68．What might be Sunny’s reply to Joe’s question Please write two sentences.
______________________________
十二、书信作文
69．Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情景写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格。）
新学期带来了新变化。“双减”新规（The new rules）提出：减轻义务教育阶段学生过重作业负担和校外培训负担。“双减”后，你的生活有了什么变化？请给学校的校长（Headmaster）写一封信，从课后作业、学校活动和业余生活三方面谈谈你是否满意现在的变化以及还有何烦恼，并请对方给你的烦恼提些建议。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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参考答案：
1．C
【解析】
句意：下面哪个单词的画线部分发音与其它不同？
考查元音字母读音。admit/ d m t/承认；print/pr nt/打印；divide/d va d/分开；citizen/s t zn/公民；根据音标可知，选项C单词画线部分的发音与其它不同。故选C。
2．A
【解析】
句意：一次只做一件事，并做到最好。
考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前面；an是不定冠词，修饰单数名词表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前面；the是定冠词，表特指；/表零冠词。根据题干“Try to do one thing at…time”，可知这里是强调“一次”，time泛指“次数”；time以辅音音素开头，需用a修饰，故选A。
3．B
【解析】
句意：史密斯先生昨晚睡觉时，几个壮汉闯进了他的家。
考查短语辨析。break out爆发；break into闯入；break off折断；break down分解，发生故障。根据“Several strong men broke...Mr. Smith’s house”可知，几个人闯进了房子，介词用into。故选B。
4．D
【解析】
句意：开幕式结束后，工作人员最好放松一下。
考查代词辨析。they他们，主格代词；them他们，宾格代词；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；themselves他们自己，反身代词。设空处作relax的宾语，可排除AC两项；relax oneself表示“放松自己”，是固定搭配，故选D。
5．A
【解析】
句意：我们询问了两个人，但他们都不是失踪者。
考查代词辨析。neither（两者）都不；none（三者或三者以上）都不；both（两者）都；all（三者或三者以上）都。根据“We questioned two people, but...”可知，前后句是转折关系，后半句表示两个人都不是要找的人，用neither。故选A。
6．C
【解析】
句意：我们每天可以从互联网上得到来自世界各地的信息。
考查名词词义辨析。report报道；book书；information信息；suggestion建议。根据“from all over the world on the Internet”可知，从互联网上得到的是世界各地的“信息”。故选C。
7．B
【解析】
句意：我的邻居王奶奶五十多岁时有一个可爱的孙女。
考查数词用法。fifty“五十”，基数词；fifties，fifty的复数；fiftieth“第五十”，序数词；fiftieths，fiftieth的复数；in one’s+逢十的基数词复数，表示在某人几十岁时。故选B。
8．D
【解析】
句意：这是我在展览中见过的最珍贵的画。
考查形容词最高级。根据“...I have ever seen in the exhibition.”可知，此处用形容词的最高级形式，“precious”的最高级形式most precious，最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。
9．B
【解析】
句意：特蕾西看见在礼品盒里有一条项链和一副耳环。
考查动词的时态。本句为省略that的宾语从句，根据主句中的谓语动词“saw”可知为一般过去时，故从句中也要用相应的过去时。there be句型应遵循就近原则，故空格处应填be动词过去式的单数形式，故选B。
10．A
【解析】
句意：和我的小组成员一起做项目是多么有趣啊！
考查感叹句。what引导感叹句，感叹的中心落在名词上，句式有：What+a/an+形容词+主语+谓语！What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语！how引导感叹句，感叹的中心落在形容词或副词上或整个句子上，句式有：How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！分析句子可知，本句感叹的中心落在名词上，且 fun“乐趣”是不可数名词，所以，用what引导，句式为What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！故选A。
11．A
【解析】
句意：——封锁的城市要多久才能重新开放？——在两个星期后。
考查特殊疑问句。How soon“多久，多快”，它一般是针对一个短暂性动作进行提问，常常用“in +时间段”来回答；How long“多久，多长（时间）”，也可以对物体的长度进行提问；How fast“多快”，对速度进行提问；How often“多长时间一次”，针对频率来进行提问。根据答语“In two weeks.”可知，上文是问封锁的城市要“多久”才能重新开放。故选A。
12．C
【解析】
句意：草地上的垃圾被清除了，然后营地又干净了。
考查动词的语态。主语the rubbish和谓语动词之间存在被动关系，根据“and then the campsite was clean again.”可知，是一般过去时态的被动语态，其结构是was/were done的形式，主语是不可数名词，be动词用was，remove“清除”，是动词，过去分词是removed，故选C。
13．B
【解析】
句意：既然你已经决定出国留学，你就得靠你自己了。
考查非谓语动词。study动词原形；to study动词不定式；studied动词过去式；studying动名词。根据句子结构可知，空处应是动词不定式作目的状语。故选B。
14．D
【解析】
句意：我能认出这个歌手因为我记得在别处采访过他。
考查非谓语动词。从句中“remember”是谓语动词，其用法为remember to do sth.记得去做某事，remember doing sth.记得做过某事，结合语境可知，应是记得见过这位歌手，故选D。
15．A
【解析】
句意：令我们惊讶的是，这个机器人能够用五种语言与我们交流。
考查情态动词。can能，会；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据“...communicate with us in five languages.”可知，此处表示机器人的能力，它会说五种语言。故选A。
16．B
【解析】
句意：琳达，在你去旅行之前，查一下天气预报。
考查祈使句。由语境可知，本句是对Linda提出建议，故使用祈使句，动词原形开头，故选B。
17．D
【解析】
句意：从家到世纪公园有很长的距离，所以你最好现在就出发。
考查连词辨析。or否则，要不然；but但是；nor也不；so因此。根据上文“There’s a long distance from home to Century Park,”和下文“you’d better set off right now.”是因果关系，用连词so，故选D。
18．A
【解析】
句意：如果你不仔细检查试卷，你在考试中就会失分。
考查连词辨析。unless如果不；if如果；when当……时候；after在……之后。分析空前后句句意可知，空处的连词应用unless“如果不”，引导条件状语从句，表示“如果不检查就会失分”。故选A。
19．C
【解析】
句意：——艾伦，如果你愿意，我可以帮你联系客户。——谢谢你，但我能应付。
考查交际用语。OK. I’ll take your advice.好的，我会接受你的建议；You are welcome.不用谢；Thank you, but I can manage谢谢你，但我能应付；That sounds interesting.那听起来很有趣。根据“Ellen, I could contact the customers for you if you want.“可知，此处是别人给你提供帮助，你应该表示感谢，并委婉拒绝，选项C符合，故选C。
20．C
【解析】
句意：——抱歉，吉姆。我打破了你的花瓶。——你怎么能这样做。
考查情景交际。I’m afraid you can’t.我恐怕你不能；Have another try.再试一次；How could you do that？你怎么能这样做？Of course not.当然不。结合语境可知对方打破了花瓶在进行道歉，故回答“你怎么能这样做？”比较合适，故选C。
21．B
22．E
23．A
24．C
25．D
26．C
27．A
28．B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家做了一个实验证明了考虑一晚上问题更有利于解决问题。
21．
句意：它有效吗？根据空前的“It is often said that the best way to solve a hard problem is to sleep on it.”以及备选项可知，此处是对前面提出的想法提问是否有用。故选B。
22．
句意：科学家们对57名大学生做了一个实验。根据下文描述以及备选项可知，此处指做了一个实验。do an experiment做了一个实验，固定搭配。故选E。
23．
句意：科学家们鼓励学生们在解谜时记住他们所听到的音乐。根据空前的“The scientists”以及空后的“to remember the music”可知，此处应为谓语动词，且后面加不定式。encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事，固定用法。故选A。
24．
句意：最后，还有六个谜题学生们没有解决。根据语境以及备选项可知，此处指还有六个谜题没有解决。故选C。
25．
句意：当学生睡着时，音乐盒播放与未解谜题相关的音乐。根据语境以及备选项可知，此处指播放与未解谜题相关的音乐。link with与……相关，固定搭配。故选D。
26．
句意：第二天早上，学生们继续尝试未解的谜题。根据空前的“the students”以及空后的“to try the unsolved puzzles”可知，此处应为谓语动词，且后面加不定式。continue to do sth继续做某事，固定用法。故选C。
27．
句意：音乐使他们在睡觉时对拼图的记忆活跃起来。根据空后的“It allowed them to ‘work’ on the puzzles in their sleep.”可知，此处指谜题的记忆活跃起来。故选A。
28．
句意：这项研究为这些发现提供了更多的证据。根据上下文描述以及备选项可知，此处指这项研究为这些研究提供了更多的证据。故选B。
29．speeches
【解析】
句意：这位著名作家就这个话题向他的粉丝发表了两次演讲。two“二”，是数词，后加名词复数，speech“演讲”，是名词，此处用复数形式，故填speeches。
30．ninth
【解析】
句意：鲍勃发现他的经理坐在第九排，就在他后面。 分析句子可知，此处表示顺序，应使用序数词；nine“九”，基数词，其序数词是ninth，表示“第九”，in the ninth row “在第九排”。故填ninth。
31．thought
【解析】
句意：当克拉克先生丢失他的保险箱时，他首先想到的是向警察寻求帮助。空上需要一个名词来作主语，think动词，意为“思考”，其名词形式为thought，意为“想法”。故填thought。
32．operate
【解析】
句意：迈克想操作这台新洗衣机。此处是固定搭配，want to do sth.“想要做某事”；operation名词，意为“运作，实施”，动词是“operate”。故填operate。
33．dramatic
【解析】
句意：北京将举办2022年冬奥会，这是激动人心的。is是连系动词，后加形容词，drama“戏”，是名词，此处用形容词，dramatic“激动人心的”，是形容词，故填dramatic。
34．surprised
【解析】
句意：那位女士对她的宠物狗所发生的事似乎感到惊讶。surprise“使惊奇”；seem“好像”是系动词，后接表语形容词；surprise是动词，其形容词形式有“surprising”和“surprised”两个，surprising“令人惊讶的”修饰物，surprised“感到惊讶的”修饰人；主语lady指人，故填surprised。
35．faithfully
【解析】
句意：这位科学家诚心诚意地承诺，她的一生都将为祖国效力。括号里所给的词“faithful”为形容词，意为“忠诚的，忠实的”，空格处需要一个副词来修饰“promised”，故填faithfully。
36．unaware
【解析】
句意：对不起，我在河里游泳了，因为我完全没有意识到警告标志。根据句首“Sorry”可知，此处意思是我“没有意识到”警告标志。unaware“未察觉到的，未意识到的”。故填unaware。
37． Does respect
【解析】
句意：珍妮总是尊重给她建议的人。根据提示改为一般疑问句，谓语是respects“尊重”，可知是一般现在时态，主语是Jenny，是第三人称单数，变成一般疑问句，要借助助动词does，其结构是Does+主语+动词原形，故填Does；respect。
38．do they
【解析】
句意：模范学生很少在需要帮助的时候拒绝提供帮助。反意疑问句由“陈述句+疑问尾句”两部分组成，第一部分提出看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定；句中的“rarely”是表示否定意义的词，所以后面要肯定。前句时态为一般现在时，主语Model students是第三人称复数， refuse是实义动词，所以要用do构成问句，用they指代Model students。故填do they。
39． if/whether would
【解析】
句意：“你能想象未来生活的变化吗？”吉尔问汤姆。本题要改为间接引语，转变后意思是“吉尔问汤姆是否你能想象未来生活的变化”，asked后跟宾语从句，if/whether“是否”，本题是一般过去时，因此把will变为would。故填if/whether；would。
40．was chosen
【解析】
句意：当Alex选错了去公园的路时，麻烦就开始了。根据题意是改为被动语态。the wrong route to the park是从句的主语，和谓语之间存在被动关系，其结构是be done的形式，主句是一般过去时态，从句用一般过去时态的被动原语态，主语是单数，be动词用was；choose“选择”，是动词，过去分词是chosen，故填was chosen。
41．How often
【解析】
句意：这些天计算机每周出两次故障。画线部分“twice a week每周两次”表示频率，对频率提问应使用how often；位于句首，首字母需大写。故填How often。
42．succeeded in
【解析】
句意：蒂娜在没有任何帮助的情况下成功地创作了她的第一部连环漫画。对比两句话可知，空处谓语应与“manage to do sth.设法做成某事”意思相近，且后接动名词作宾语，succeed in doing sth.“成功做到某事”符合条件，原句是一般过去时，因此succeed变过去式succeeded。故填succeeded in。
43．The students were required to clean out the classroom for the coming party
【解析】
根据所给标点提示是陈述句，分析所给单词，the students作主语；be required to do sth.“被要求去做某事”，此处是一般过去时态的被动语态，were required“被要求”，作谓语；clean out“把……打扫干净”；the classroom“房间”；for the coming party“为即将到来的派对”，故答案为：The students were required to clean out the classroom for the coming party“学生们被要求为即将到来的聚会打扫教室”。
44．D
45．A
46．B
47．A
48．C
49．D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。主要通过作者的日记讲述了登上“奋力号”发生的事情以及由此引起与父亲之间关系的事情。
44．
词义猜测题。根据“I have managed to go aboard Endeavour.”和“It’s a wonder I have not been discovered.”可知，上文说我终于登上了“奋力号”以及下文“我还没被发现真是个奇迹。”可推测，这里“He”指的是“Endeavour”。故选D。
45．
细节理解题。根据“Friday, 19 August, 1768”，“Sunday, 21 August”和“Thursday, 25 August”可知，这是写日记的日期格式。故选A。
46．
细节理解题。根据“I had a stomachache again. I wish my father would come aboard and take me home.”可知，作者胃痛的时候想到了父亲。故选B。
47．
词义猜测题。根据“he hasn’t talked with me for several weeks.”可知，这里说父亲已经好几个星期没和作者说话了，可推测上文是父亲很失望。故选A。
48．
推理判断题。根据“I shall be patient. Father thinks me hopeless when it sticks with a plan. He says I run from everything. Well, I did run from school and the farm.”以及“I shall show Father that I won’t give up easily. That I am good for something. That I am more than a farmer’s boy.”可知，作者的父亲认为他没有希望了，说他逃避一切，为了向父亲证明自己不会轻易放弃的，因此与水手们一起航行。故选C。
49．
细节理解题。根据“I shall show Father that I won’t give up easily. That I am good for something. That I am more than a farmer’s boy.”可知，此处作者向父亲表明他是不会轻易放弃的。他不仅仅是一个农民的孩子。可知作者是一个很独立的人。故选D。
50．C
51．A
52．D
53．A
54．B
55．D
【解析】
本文是两名学生就是否要增加发明创造进行的辩论。
50．
句意：今天查尔斯和琼要就发明创造进行辩论。
ask问；read读；argue争论，辩论；teach教。根据后文内容可知，两个学生在进行辩论，argue about...“为……辩论”。故选C。
51．
句意： 我认为科学家应该迅速增加新发明的数量。
quickly快速地；hardly几乎不；suddenly突然；probably可能。根据“scientists should...increase the number of new inventions. Inventions help us...”可知，查尔斯认为发明对人们有帮助，因此发明的数量应迅速增加。故选A。
52．
句意：在我看来，科学家需要减少新发明的数量。
write写；count数数；calculate计算；reduce减少。根据“But having more inventions may not be good.”可知，琼认为更多的发明并不是一件好事，因此应该减少新发明的数量。故选D。
53．
句意：虽然它很便宜，但很多人都在考虑它的安全性。
safety安全；use使用；value价值；advantage优势。根据“There were dangerous accidents in Japan in 2011.”可知，琼认为核能不安全。故选A。
54．
句意：汽车让我们的生活更轻松，你不同意吗？
busier更忙碌；easier更容易，更轻松；poorer更贫困；healthier更健康。根据“Should we not use them just because car accidents happen every day ”可知，查尔斯认为，尽管汽车不是绝对安全的，但我们仍然使用汽车，因为它让生活更轻松。故选B。
55．
句意：此外，所有这些汽车都污染了空气。
As a result结果；In the end最后；For example例如；What’s more此外。根据“We waste so much time on the road because there are too many cars...all those cars make the air every polluted.”可知，后一句承接前一句，进一步讲使用汽车的缺点，所以空处用What’s more符合语境。故选D。
56．(f)aster
57．(o)nly
58．(d)elighted
59．(r)eturn
60．(s)uccessful
61．(e)nergy
62．(s)omebody/(s)omeone
【解析】
本文通过介绍作者自己的亲身经历，告诉我们没有必要总是打败别人的道理。
56．
句意：我看得出来我骑车比他快一点。由句中的“than”可知，此处使用比较级；根据下文“I decided to catch up with him.我决定追上他。”可知，我要想追上前方那个人，就得比他骑快点。fast“快速地”，其比较级为faster“较快地”。故填(f)aster。
57．
句意：过了一会儿，我离他只有100米远了，所以我加快了速度，尽了最大努力。根据下文“sped up and tried my best”可知，我加速了，与他的距离缩短了，距离他仅仅有100米。故填(o)nly。
58．
句意：在内心，我感到如此高兴。根据后文“I defeated him!”可知，作者打败了他，内心愉悦。故填(d)elighted。
59．
句意：很快，我发现我已经错过了我的路口，不得不折返回去。根据文中“missed my turn”可知作者为了超越前面的人而错过了路口，不得不往回走。故填(r)eturn。
60．
句意：当我们和别人竞争时，努力去超过别人或展示我们比别人更加成功、更加重要时，这种情景难道不是发生在我们生活中吗？结合本句中“outdo them”以及“more important”，可知与之并列的为“more successful”，故填(s)uccessful。
61．
句意：我们花费时间和精力追逐他们，结果却错过了自己的路。句中“spend”意为花费，需要加时间或精力作宾语，故填(e)nergy。
62．
句意：在你前面的一条路或其他路上，总会有某人领先于你。结合文中“What you should do is just run your own race and wish others well.”可知，走好自己的路，也祝福别人。故填(s)omebody或(s)omeone。
63．Joe.
64．To play college basketball the following year.
65．Slowly.
66．Playing basketball from a wheelchair.
67．Because he could still play basketball.
68．Any possible answer is OK. e.g. Everyone will have health problems. If you face them bravely, you can change your life./ Everyone will have difficulties. If you overcome them in a positive way, your life will be different. / .......
【解析】
文章的主人公Joe在一次车祸中断了腿，在他认绝望地认为篮球梦破灭时，Sunny Chen的出现给了他希望，让他认识到面对困难时，要保持积极乐观。
63．
根据文中“Kim’s car hit Joe so hard that Joe was thrown five feet into the air.”可知，Joe被Kim的车撞了。故填Joe.
64．
根据文中“ he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the following year.”可知，Joe梦想着打篮球，故填To play college basketball the following year.
65．
根据文中“Joe did what the doctors told him, but his progress was slow.”可知，Joe的伤恢复得很慢，故填Slowly.
66．
根据文中“Everyone on the team played from a wheelchair. ”可知，Sunny Chen执教得这支篮球队的特殊之处在于每个人都作者轮椅打球。故填Playing basketball from a wheelchair.
67．
根据文中“he realized his college basketball dream were over.”以及“Joe played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself.”可知，从车祸后的无法打篮球的绝望，到加入篮球队之后的停止垂头丧气，都是因为他依旧可以在轮椅上打球。故填Because he could still play basketball.
68．
通读全文可知Joe在一次车祸中断了腿，在他认绝望地认为篮球梦破灭时，Sunny Chen的出现给了他希望，让他认识到面对困难，只要积极乐观就会获得与众不同的人生。故填Everyone will have health problems. If you face them bravely, you can change your life./ Everyone will have difficulties. If you overcome them in a positive way, your life will be different. / .......
69．例文
Dear Headmaster,
I’m writing to tell you the changes in my life after the new rules.
In the past, I spent lots of time doing my homework and there were many after-school classes on weekends. Now I have less homework and there are more activities at school, including many kinds of club activities. So, my life is much more colorful. In my free time, I like going to the museum to learn about history. Besides, I plan to study computer science by myself.
I am pleased with my life after the new rules. But sometimes, I have trouble controlling myself. I can’t help playing computer games. Could you please give me some advice on how to improve my self-control so that I can make the best of my time Thanks so much！
Yours
Li Hua
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一封学生写给校长的信，要求谈论“双减”政策出台后自己生活的变化以及遇到的烦恼，并请校长提出建议来解决烦恼。
2.写作指导：本文主要采用第一人称进行写作，重点描述现在的生活，因此时态主要用一般现在时。可分为三段：第一段说明写信目的；第二段描述“双减”后生活的变化；第三段陈述遇到的烦恼并请求对方的建议。写作时，注意条理清晰，语言连贯，力求无语法和标点错误。
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