资源简介

词性转换专题训练
知识点梳理
出题方向
出题量最大，也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换
常考的相互转换词类有四种：名词、动词、形容词、副词
名词 动词、形容词 动词、形容词 名词
动词 形容词 形容词 动词
形容词 副词 副词 形容词
做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累，建立词根词缀的概念，多掌握常用的词缀，灵活变通
最基本题型，必考方向——名词、代词、数词
名词考察方向：1. 复数
代词考察方向：1. 宾格 2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换 3. 反身代词可能出现
数词考察方向：1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现
简单题型，多练即可把握——比较级最高级
需要掌握：1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词
较难题型，多次转换，反义理解
有时候词类之间需要越级变换，要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系，确保答案的正确性
较难题目不仅会越级变换，还需要添加反义，这需要更耐心细致地解题，分析题意
二、解题技巧
形容词修饰名词、代词性成分；部分名词也可以修饰名词
动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰，副词也可以修饰整句话
系动词后一般使用形容词，连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词，这点易和实义动词用副词修饰混淆
扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识
注意做完需要通读一下，检查反义及动词的时态语态问题
三、词性转换分类汇总
1．动词转换为名词的常见方式
1)“动词+ion”
例如：pollute→pollution, invent→invention, discuss→ discussion,decide→ decision
注意：review→revision solve→solution
2)“动词去e+ ation”
例如：invite→invitation，organize→organization
3)“动词+er”
例如: work→worker, teach→teacher, write→writer, speak→speaker, run→runner, win→winner
4)“动词+ or"
例如：invent→inventor, act→actor,visit→visitor,calculate→calculator
5)“动词+ing"
例如：build→building, begin→beginning, paint→painting, mean→meaning
6)“动词十ment"
例如：develop→development, amuse→amusement
7)“动词十ress"
例如：wait→waitress,act→actress
8)“动词十ance"
例如：appear→appearance,perform→performance
9)其他
serve—service 服务 speak—speech 演讲 fish—fisherman 渔夫
enter—entrance 入口 know—knowledge 知识 weigh—weight 重量
please—pleasure 愉快 choose—choice选择 tour—tourist 游客
die—death 死亡 succeed—success 成功 fly—flight 飞行、航班
memorize—memory 记忆 mix—mixture 混合物 cook—cook 厨师
save—safety 安全 act—activity 活动 able—ability 能力
2．动词转换为形容词的常见方式
1)“动词+ive"
例如：act→active, attract→attractive
2)“动词+ able"
例如：change→changeable, enjoy→enjoyable
3)“动词+ing"
例如：excite→exciting, follow→following，freeze—freezing 寒冷的/ （frozen 冷冻的）
4)“动词+ ed"
例如：frighten→frightened, bore→bored
5)“动词+ ful"
例如：forget→forgetful健忘的/ unforgettable 难忘的
6) 其他：
例如：depend→independent 独立的，like→likely，break→broken，die→dead，live→alive
Please v.→pleasure n.→pleasant令人愉快的（指物）/ pleased 满意的（指人）
widen→wide enrich→rich enable→able
3．名词转换为形容词的常见方式
1)“名词+ ful"
例如：care→careful, use→useful, power→powerful
2)”名词+ less"
例如：care→careless, home→homeless,help→helpless
3)“名词+ly"
例如：friend→friendly, love→lovely
4)“名词+y"
例如：sun→sunny, wind→windy, health→healthy, noise→noisy, luck→lucky, fun→funny
5)“名词+ing"
例如：interest→interesting
6)“名词+n"
例如：America→American, Australia→Australian
7)“名词+ ern"
例如：south→southern, north→northern
8)“名词+ ous"
例如：danger→dangerous
9)“名词+ en"
例如：wood→wooden, gold→golden,wool→woolen
10)“名词+al"
例如：nation→national, education→educational,medicine→medical,nature→natural
chemistry→chemical,history→historical,physics→physical,tradition→traditional
11)其他
例如：office→official fool→foolish foreigner→foreign wound→wounded
electricity电→electric电的→electrical与电有关的→electronic 电子的
4．形容词转换为名词的常见方式
1)“形容词+y"
例如：difficult→difficulty, honest→honesty
2)“形容词词尾t改成ce"
例如：different→difference, important→importance
3)“形容词+ ness"
例如：ill→illness, kind→kindness,sad→sadness,happy→happiness
4)“形容词+ dom"
例如：free→freedom, wise→wisdom
5)其他
例如：high→ height long→length true→truth responsible→responsibility
5．形容词转换为副词的常见方式
1)“形容词+ly“
例如：quiet→quiet careful→carefully main→mainly
2)“形容词去y加ily“
例如：easy→easily heavy→heavily lucky→luckily
3)“形容词le结尾的，去e变y“
例如：possible→ possibly gentle→gently terrible→terrible
4)“形容词e结尾的，去e变ly“
例如：true→truly(只有true特殊) nice→nicely
5)“形容词不变“
例如：early早 late 晚 hard难的；努力地 fast 快 wide(宽的)/widely(广泛的)
6．名词转换为名词的常见方式
例如：art→artist science→scientist piano→pianist
city→citizen custom→customer engine→engineer
friend→friendship business→businessman law→lawyer
library→librarian music→musician office→officer(职员)/official(官员)
7．词性转换中前缀的使用
例如：possible→impossible (polite, patient)
tell→retell (build, write,use)
healthy→unhealthy(happy,lucky)
honest→dishonest
appear→disappear(like)
male→female
regular-irregular
8．国名——国籍
例如：Australia—Australian America—American Canada—Canadian
Britain—British England—English Italy—Italian
France— French Germany—German (德国人复数Germans)
China—Chinese Japan—Japanese Korea—Korean
巩固练习
习题按照考点分类
【名词变复数】
1. We need to throw away these to make room for our new furniture. (box)
2. They are all Chinese______ and deserve our thanks and our respect. (hero)
3. I have just eaten two tasty ________ with butter and jam. (sandwich)
4. When disaster strikes, everyone tries to avoid it. Only are moving towards it. (hero)
5. Kate bought lots of ________ from the market yesterday morning. (strawberry)
6. To reduce the spread of virus(病毒). Many countries stop ________from entering. (foreign)
7. The ________ on show are all excellent, you can choose any of them. (piano)
8. It's really enjoyable to have a close look at different___________ in Italy. (church)
9. We watched the children sweeping ________into piles in the street. (leaf)
10. The retired pilot enjoys telling _______ about his career to the students. (story)
11. More often children can't go to sleep without some bedtime . (story)
12. I'm fond of eating fruit Mangoes and ________are my favorite. (strawberry)
13 Don't bother to go out. All _______are closed. (library)
14. People are wearing masks to cover their and noses to prevent smog. (mouth)
15. Robben owns some furniture in Wuhan. (factory)
Key: 1. boxes 2. heroes 3. sandwiches 4. heroes 5.strawberries 6. foreigners 7. pianos 8. churches 9. leaves 10. stories 11. stories 12. strawberries 13. libraries 14. mouths 15. factories
【基数序数转换】
1. This is the time for me to teach you the grammar rules. (five)
2. The_____ holiday is New Years holiday. We have all their family over. (one)
3. Jerry, it's the time that you have missed the school bus this week. (four)
4. Dick will be ________ next Sunday. We’re going to hold a party for him. (ninth)
5. We live on the _______ floor of that tall building. (nine)
6. Every student in the_________ Grade is working hard to get ready for the high school entrance examination. (nine)
7. Sue has already set up her own company in her early________.（thirty)
8. The doctor told Windy to exercise at least ______a week if she wanted to keep healthy. (two)
9. It is said that the successful writer released her _______ book at age of 15. (one)
10. Steven's office is on the floor and he usually walks upstairs. (five)
11. Take the lift to the _______ floor, and you will have a better view of the city (twelve)
12. Lily is a web fiction writer and she published her tenth book in her . (thirty)
13. University of Cambridge is the oldest university in the world still teaching. (four)
14. Ben is the child in a family of eight. (seven)
Key: 1. fifth 2. first 3. fourth 4. ninth 5. ninth 6. ninth 7. thirties 8. twice 9. first 10.fifth 11.twelfth 12.thirties 13.fourth 14.fourth
【变否定】
1. Jack was sick in hospital because of his diet. (healthy)
2. We all look forward to the day when COVID-19 will ______. (appear)
3. Do you know what makes so many planes and ships__________ Bermuda Triangle(百大三角).(appear)
4. The assistant felt angry about the ________ rules of the company. (fair)
5. The string of the kite broke suddenly and the kite in the sky. (appear)
6. One major ________ of that machine is too big for us to carry. (advantage)
7. The tree will grow better if you cut off the ____________ leaves and branches. (necessary)
8. I don’t think Mr. Brown was________, he just didn’t know the truth. (honest)
9. Please keep it in mind it's awful to make friends with those _______ people. (honest)
10. I think we have to be very________ about receiving gifts from others. (careless)
11. I like eating hamburger and chocolate, but they are food. (healthy)
12. It seems that our school has only picked the best students to attend the meeting. (fair)
13. Sara had a different idea and didn't listen to anyone. It's to change her mind. (possible)
Key: 1. unhealthy 2. disappear 3. disappear 4. unfair 5. ninth 6. disappeared 7. unnecessary 8. dishonest 9. dishonest 10.careful 11. unhealthy 12.unfair 13.impossible
【名词动词转换】
1. We are trying to find a good to deal with the environmental problems. (solve)
2. In the end, we all decided to a charity sale for the sick people. (organization)
3. The boy is so good with the______ of colors. (choose) （2020奉贤二模）
4. Before the sun rose. the old _________went to the sea to look for the lost boat again. (fish)
5. All of the trousers are well designed, and I don’t know which one to__________.(choice)
6. Don't worry. You’ll ________ the problem with our support and help. (solution)
7. The suspect is still missing and there is no record of his ________ yet. (die)
8. WHO is one of the most important international in the world. (organize)
9. I ought to read the instructions before I ________ this robot sweeper. (operation)
10. Because of the traffic jams, I missed the ________ of the performance. (begin)
11. We should like to _________ you to give us a speech on how to keep healthy. (invitation)
12. The elevator is out of_________ right now, so we have to walk upstairs. (serve)
13. Studies have shown peoples short-term ____________becomes worse when they get older. (memorize)
14. The company offered a number of chances for teachers’ professional________.(develop)
15. It's hard to _______ whether I should go outing or stay at home this weekend. (decision)
16. The newly -built museum is ______ in the centre of our city. (location)
17. The supermarket near our neighborhood sell different kinds of meat______. (produce)
18. The police are looking for every possible clue to________ the murder case.(solution)
19. My family had a trip to Yunnan last summer to the beautiful scenery there. (joy)
20. The company had no way but to its products in a lower price. (sale)
21. In the holiday, Linda loves to some bread and cakes for the family. (baker)
Key: 1. solution 2. organize 3. choice 4. fisherman 5. choose 6. solve 7. death 8. organizations 9. operate 10. beginning 11. invite 12. service 13. memory 14.development 15. decide 16. located 17. products 18. solve 19. enjoy 20.sell 21.bake
【动词形容词转换】
1. Last night I had a cup of coffee in Starbucks, and then I found it hard to fall________.(sleep)
2. Eating vegetables and exercising regularly can us to live a healthy life. (able)
3. Studying online with our teachers during the winter holidays will be an experience in our life. (forget)
4. Everybody can learn something new to ________ his own life. (rich)
5. The paper box is ______. You may throw it away. (use)
6. It’s ________of the lady at the tourist office to give me some tips on where to visit .(help)
7. Mike could ________the mood from nervous to relaxed in a few minutes.(changeable)
8. The big smile on my teacher's face shows that he is quite ______ with our work. (satisfy)
9. The company offers more time off and pay to someone experienced. (attract)
10. My mother has become very and confused these days. (forget)
11. The old man was lying on the floor without anybody around, feeling________. (help)
12. To stay_______, those hungry people had to eat grass roots. (live)
13. I think online learning is really . It’s a funnier way of learning. (enjoy)
14. Only teamwork will us to get the job done on time. (able)
15. We all think a driver is a danger to the public. (care)
Key: 1. asleep 2. enable 3. unforgettable 4. enrich 5. useless 6. helpful 7. change 8. satisfied
9. attractive 10. forgetful 11. helpless 12. alive 13. enjoyable 14. enable 15. careless
【形容词副词转换】
1. Success in study depends on one’s own efforts. (main)
2. The parents were thankful to see that their children came back home________.(safe)
3. The artworks showed the artist was ________ aware of the social problems of the day. (deep)
4. The shop assistant greeted the customers with a smile at the entrance. (polite)
5. It’s amazing that the young kid is able to recite the long passage ________. (correct)
6. Could you _______ forget about the work for five minutes (possible)
7. Several people were__________ hurt in that car accident last month. (serious)
8. Parents should teach their children to behave ________in public. (proper)
9. Nowadays Ali Pay and WeChat Pay are ______ used throughout the country. (wide)
10. The computer room has been rebuilt to allow for more courses. (recent)
11. The firemen set out______ as soon as they heard the alarm. (immediate)
12. Facial recognition(人脸识别) technology is ________ used for Internet payment (wide)
13. It's nice to go for a trip in the countryside especially when the wind blows . (gentle)
14. My grandma has a very bad memory and forgets things . (easy)
15. With the help of Lo, the work can be finished in a few hours.(easy)
Key: 1. mainly 2. safely 3. deeply 4. politely 5. correctly 6. possibly 7. seriously 8. properly
9. widely 10. recently 11. immediately 12. widely 13.gently 14.easily 15.easily
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