资源简介

07 传统文化
一、完形填空
（2022·四川绵阳·一模）
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month, marking the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
At this festival, people often watch lanterns, which are in any size and shape you can imagine, from animals to plants and flowers. Another activity, guessing the answers to lantern riddles gives young people a chance to have more fun. Chinese people regard the dragon as a symbol of auspiciousness （吉祥）. So people also perform dragon lantern dances to look forward to a good omen（征兆） of this year’s good weather and peace. Lion dance is similar to the dragon lantern dancer delivering good wishes and good luck. Eating yuanxiao at the Lantern Festival is another tradition. Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid or stuffed. The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar, hawthorn（山楂）, various kinds of fruit and so on. It can be boiled, fired or steamed.
The Lantern Festival also seemed romantic in the old times. Because some young girls in ancient China were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals, this festival was a time for unmarried men and women to meet. Watching lanterns at night was just an opportunity for young women to find a man who attracted them. Therefore, for thousands of years, there have been a large number of stories and poems written about these during the Lantern Festival. The famous Song Dynasty poet Ou Yangxiu wrote the well-known lines:
Atop the willow tree hangs the moon, my date comes in the evening soon.
Today, more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals, while traditional Chinese ones are ignored. Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true meanings. What should we do
1．How many celebrations are mentioned in this passage
A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7
2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the second paragraph
A．yuanxiao. B．stuffing. C．rice. D．hawthorn.
3．Which of following is true according to the passage
A．The Lantern Festival is the start of the Spring Festival celebrations .
B．People perform dragon lantern dances to have more fun in old times.
C．It seems that young people in ancient China loved the Lantern Festival.
D．We can still have dumplings as the traditional food of the Lantern Festival.
4．Which line could best describe the youngsters’ meeting on the ancient Lantern Festival night
A．Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring.
B．When will the full moon appear Wine up in hand. I ask the sky.
C．No matter how high the mountain is, one can always climb to the top.
D．I look for her in the crowd, when I turn my head. I find her there where light is didn’ t shed.
5．What may be next paragraph about
A．Different kinds of Western festivals.
B．Introduction of the traditional values.
C．Ways to protect traditional Chinese festivals.
D．Reasons why more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals.
【答案】
1．B
2．A
3．C
4．D
5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统节日之一的元宵节，如元宵节的庆祝活动、在古代这个节日的意义以及相关的文学创作等等。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“watch lanterns”、“guessing the answers to lantern riddles”、“perform dragon lantern dances”、“Lion dance”和“Eating yuanxiao”可知元宵节的庆祝活动有看花灯、猜灯谜、舞龙、醒狮和吃元宵等5项活动。故选B。
2．猜测词义题。It所在的句子意为“它可以煮着吃、烤着吃或者蒸着吃”，说明It指的是一种食物。根据第二段中的“Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid or stuffed.”可知It指的是元宵节的特色食物，元宵。故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Because some young girls in ancient China were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals, this festival was a time for unmarried men and women to
meet.”可知古代的年轻女子是不被允许经常外出的，除了在某些特定的节日，而元宵节这个节日就是给那些未婚男女相遇的一个美好时机。由此可推测古代年轻人很喜欢这个节日。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Watching lanterns at night was just an opportunity for young women to find a man who attracted them.”可知元宵节晚上赏花灯是年轻女子寻找青睐她们的男子的大好时机，说明赏灯的场景适合写诗抒情。选项D的诗句为“众里寻他千百度。蓦然回首，那人却在灯火阑珊处。”符合题意。故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true meanings. What should we do ”可知文章末尾作者表达了以下观点：我们的传统价值正面临着失去它们原有意义的危险，并对于“接下来如何做”提出疑问，说明下一段应该就“如何保护我们的传统文化”这一问题提出相关的建议或做法。故选C。
（2022·陕西西安·一模）
China’s fifth solar term (节气) Clear and Bright, comes on April 4, 5 or 6 each year. At this time, temperature begins to rise around the country and rainfall increases, making it an important time for farming in spring. It is also a traditional Chinese festival, Tomb-sweeping Day.
The festival has something to do with Jie Zitui in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jie saved his lord’s life by serving meat cut from his own leg. The lord, known as Jin Wengong, later came to power. He decided to reward (奖赏) Jie, but Jie refused. Unluckily, Jie was burned to death when Jin Wengong set fire to a forest to force him out. Jin Wengong was sad to hear of Jie’s death. Then he ordered that each year on that day setting off fire was not allowed, and that all people should eat cold food. This is the origin (起源) of the Cold Food Festival,which used to be 1 or 2 days before Clear and Bright. Later the two merged (融合) and became Tomb-sweeping Day.
This is a festival of different feelings. At the festival, people usually honor the dead, plant willows, take spring outings, fly kites and eat cold food. They also do some sports to keep warm and avoid harm caused by cold dishes. As a result, this festival includes not only sadness from sweeping new tombs but also laughter from spring outings.
6．________ makes Clear and Bright important for farming.
A．The traditional culture B．The change of the date
C．The warmer and wetter weather D．The increasing need of cold food
7．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．Jin Wengong felt regretful about Jie’s death. B．Jie Zitui could only eat cold food in the forest.
C．Jin Wengong wanted to kill Jie by setting a fire. D．Jie Zitui saved Jin Wengong’s life many times.
8．In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the article
A．Society News. B．Healthy and Diet. C．History and Culture. D．Around the World.
【答案】
6．C
7．A
8．C
【解析】本文主要介绍了清明节的来历和习俗。
6．细节理解题。根据“At this time, temperature begins to rise around the country and rainfall increases, making it an important time for farming in spring”可知，气温开始上升，降雨量增加，使它成为春季农业的重要时间，故选C。
7．推理判断题。根据“Jin Wengong was sad to hear of Jie’s death. Then he ordered that each year on that day setting off fire was not allowed, and that all people should eat cold food”可知，晋文公对介子推的死很难过，所以他下令，每年的这一天都不允许放火，所有人都要吃冷食，故选A。
8．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了清明节的来历和习俗，属于文化类，故选C。
（2021·福建福州）
Dear Li Na,
I am glad to know about Fuzhou in your letter. Fuzhou is really a wonderful place that I look forward to visiting one day. And I want to tell you something about my hometown, Hubei. Look at the house in the picture. Do you know anything about it
It is Suspended Building of Tujia Nationality (土家族吊脚楼). There are many houses of this kind in my hometown. Usually they have two floors. On the first floor, there are no rooms for people because it is for pigs, cows, chickens, ducks, sheep, dogs and so on. Tujia people always put the firewood on the first floor, too. And they use it to cook. People live on the second floor. The living room is in the center of the
house. It is very big. It is for dinner and meeting friends. On the right and left sides of the house, there are some bedrooms. The kitchen and the bathroom are usually at the back of the house.
In my hometown, you can see this kind of houses here and there. But now, young people don’t build them again. Some of the them are very old and are falling down (倒塌). The government (政府) are trying to keep them well because they are the wonderful culture (文化) of Tujia nationality.
Yours,
Xiang Jun
9．Tujia people usually keep their animals ______.
A．on the second floor B．on the first floor
C．at the back of their houses D．on the left of their houses
10．Tujia people have dinner in the ______.
A．kitchen B．bedroom C．living room D．dining room
11．What does the underlined words “sides” mean
A．边 B．点 C．上 D．下
12．We can infer (断) from the passage that ______.
A．many people build new suspended houses in Xiang Jun’s hometown now
B．Tujia people build this kind of houses because they are poor (贫穷的)
C．Tujia people use firewood to cook
D．Xiang Jun lives in a suspended house
13．What maybe the best title for this passage
A．The Suspended Building of Tujia Nationality
B．The Life of Tujia People
C．The Culture of Tujia Nationality
D．Xiang Jun’s Home
【答案】
9．B
10．C
11．A
12．C
13．A
【解析】本文以书信的形式介绍土家族吊脚楼。
9．细节理解题。根据“ On the first floor, there are no rooms for people because it is for pigs, cows, chickens, ducks, sheep, dogs and so on.”可知土家人通常把动物养在一楼。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据“The living room is in the center of the house. It is very big. It is for dinner and meeting friends.”可知客厅在房屋中间，用来吃饭和会客。故选C。
11．词义推断题。根据“ The living room is in the center of the house. It is very big. It is for dinner and meeting friends. On the right and left sides of the house, there are some bedrooms.”可知客厅在中间，那卧室在四周，side有“边”的意思。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“Tujia people always put the firewood on the first floor, too. And they use it to cook. ”可知土家人用木柴做饭。故选C。
13．最佳标题。根据“It is Suspended Building of Tujia Nationality (土家族吊脚楼). ”和全文可知，本文主要介绍土家族吊脚楼。故选A。
（2021·全国）
When Reginald Johnston first walked into the Forbidden City in 1919, most palaces weren’t allowed to visit. But a century later, the 600-year-old palace complex(宫殿群) becomes the world’s busiest museum.
Open to the public
In the old days, common people could only imagine what it looked like inside. When the Palace Museum was founded in 1925, the public could go into the palaces. Now 80% of the area of the museum is open to the public and it will increase to 85% in 2025.
Embracing (拥抱) the world
“It felt like you were hit by hundreds of years of history,” Allen from Britain said. “I begin to love its history and culture.” The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors. It attracted(吸引) about 3.5 million visitors from abroad and 9 overseas(海外的) exhibitions were held in 2018. The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon(文化现象) everywhere it goes.
Attracting the young
On the Palace Museum’s online store on Taobao, you can find more than 10, 000 cultural products(产品). The ones with cute and humorous pictures of emperors are very popular. Some favourite products also go offline. For example, the “Kangxi Emperor’s Favourite Chocolate”, the most popular drink, always has
people lining up(排队) to get a taste. As a child, Xu Jing often rode a bike in front of the Meridian Gate(午门). “I had little memory of the museum then, but now I am more willing to visit it after watching several popular TV shows about the museum,”she said.
14．The current situation(现状) of the Forbidden City is that ______.
A．it has become the world’s busiest museum
B．most palaces are still not allowed to visit
C．it is closed to all the world except local people
D．it is not open because there are too many exhibits (展品)
15．Which is NOT the reason that the Forbidden City attracts more visitors from abroad
A．Foreigners are hit by hundreds of years of Chinese history.
B．The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors.
C．The ticket price of the Forbidden City is the lowest.
D．The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goes.
16．According to the last part, the young know more about the Palace Museum mainly through ______.
a. the online store on Taobao
b. offline stores
c. history books
d. popular TV shows
A．a, b, d B．a, b, c C．b, c, d D．a, c, d
17．Which is RIGHT according to the passage
A．The Palace Museum becomes world famous in a short period.
B．Visitors can leave their footprints (脚印) in each area of the museum.
C．All the native people were willing to visit the museum when they were kids.
D．With the development of China, the Palace Museum opens its arms and welcomes the visitors from all around the world.
【答案】
14．A
15．C
16．A
17．D
【解析】本文主要讲述了随着中国的发展，故宫博物院张开了双臂，欢迎来自世界各地的游客。
14．细节理解题。根据第一段“But a century later, the 600-year-old palace complex(宫殿群) becomes the world’s busiest museum.”可知它已经成为世界上最繁忙的博物馆，故选A。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段“It felt like you were hit by hundreds of years of history,... The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors... The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon(文化现象) everywhere it goes.”可知紫禁城吸引了更多的外国游客的原因不包括C选项“紫禁城的票价是最低的”。故选C。
16．细节理解题。根据最后一段“On the Palace Museum’s online store on Taobao, you can find more than 10, 000 cultural products(产品)... Some favourite products also go offline... but now I am more willing to visit it after watching several popular TV shows about the museum,”可知年轻人对故宫的了解主要是通过淘宝店、线下店铺、热门电视节目。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据第三段“The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors. It attracted(吸引) about 3.5 million visitors from abroad and 9 overseas(海外的) exhibitions were held in 2018”可推知随着中国的发展，故宫博物院欢迎来自世界各地的游客。故选D。
二、阅读匹配
（2021·广东·深圳中学模拟预测）
右面的材料A—F分别是六种中国传统艺术文化的介绍。请根据五个人兴趣选择合适的选项。
____18____ Maria is planning to buy several clay works for her cousins.____19____ Bruce would like to go to Guilin to experience fishing with birds. ____20____ Nancy is very keen on the art of paper cutting. ____21____ Jason is going to visit Chengdu and learn how to make sugar painting. ____22____ Betty is looking A．Sugar painting just as the name means, is a painting made of sugar. Although it seems to be a small skill, it has a long tradition of 400 years. In the history, people began to use melted sugar to make all kinds of animals and human figures as sacrifices (祭品) in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 A．D．). Then it took in some sculpting and carving (雕琢) skills from shadow play and paper cutting and has gradually developed into the present art of sugar painting.B．Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. The paper, usually red, is folded (对折) before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are
forward to spending the Lantern Festival with her host family. put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. C．Cormorant fishing has a history of more than a thousand years. Cormorants are large, blackbirds, which are good at catching fish. They can dive down 25 meters, and stay underwater for up to two minutes. Fishermen use cormorants to catch fish for them. D．Sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. E. Chinese clay (黏土) art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and allowed to air-dry (风干). After drying, they are fired at a very high heat. They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. F. Chinese embroidery (刺绣) is an ancient form of needlework (缝纫). It has been traced back to the Neolithic Age (新石器时代). At first, it was only taken up by the upper classes, but later it became a common skill among Chinese women. The four most popular styles of Chinese embroidery are Su xiu, Xiang xiu, Yue xiu—also known as Guang xiu and Shu xiu.
【答案】
18．E
19．C
20．B
21．A
22．D
【解析】本文主要介绍了五个人感兴趣的东西以及中国传统艺术文化的介绍。
18．根据“buy several clay works”可知，想购买一些陶土制品，选项E“中国粘土艺术很出名，因为黏土很小，但看起来很真实。陶器是用一种非常特殊的粘土手工精心制作的，然后风干。干燥后，用很高的温度烧制。然后抛光和涂漆。每件事都需要几个星期才能完成。这些小泥塑展示了所有中国人对生活和美的热爱。”与之对应。故选E。
19．根据“experience fishing with birds”可知，想体验与鸟一起钓鱼，选项C“鸬鹚捕鱼已有一千多年的历史。鸬鹚是一种大型的黑鸟，擅长捕鱼。它们可以潜入水下25米，并在水下停留两分钟。渔民用鸬鹚为他们捕鱼。”与之对应。故选C。
20．根据“the art of paper cutting”可知，对剪纸艺术感兴趣，选项B“剪纸已经有1500多年的历史了。这种纸通常是红色的，在用剪刀剪之前先折叠好。最常见的图画是花、动物和有关中国历史的东西。春节期间，它们被贴在窗户、门和墙壁上，作为好运和新年快乐的象征。”与之对应。故选B。
21．根据“make sugar painting”可知，想学习制作糖画，选项A“糖画，顾名思义，就是用糖做的画。虽然它看起来是一个小技巧，但它有400年的悠久传统。在历史上，人们在明朝(1368-1644)就开始用融化的糖制作各种动物和人作为祭品。后来又吸收了皮影戏和剪纸的一些雕刻和雕刻技巧，逐渐发展成为现在的糖画艺术。”与之对应。故选A。
22．根据“spending the Lantern Festival with her host family”可知，想和寄宿家庭一起过元宵节，选项D“孔明灯最早是由诸葛孔明使用的。遇到困难时，他派他们去寻求帮助。今天，孔明灯被用于节日和其他庆祝活动。它们是用竹子做的，上面覆盖着纸。它们被视为幸福的光明象征。”与之对应。故选D。
三、短文填空
My father is Chinese and my mother is American. I lived in China first. Then I moved to the United States when I was ___23___(twelfth) years old. I was able to see the ___24___(different) between Chinese and American customs (风俗).
___25___ example, if Chinese people go to others' house, they ___26___(buy) gifts for their friends. Americans will not usually buy gifts. They only buy gifts on their friends' birthdays or for some other big celebrations. Chinese feel it is not polite (有礼貌的) ___27___ people don't give gifts, but Americans think it is very strange (奇怪的) to give gifts.
If you ask Chinese people ___28___(sit), you must ask them many times, ___29___ they will not sit at all. Chinese people believe that if they are not asked a few ___30___(time), then accepting something make them look bad.
Because I grew up in both cultures, I believe ___31___ I can get on well with both Chinese people ___32___ American people.
【答案】
23．twelve
24．difference
25．For
26．will buy
27．if
28．to sit
29．or
30．times
31．that
32．and
【解析】本文介绍了中国和美国的风俗差异。
23．句意：然后我在12岁的时候搬到了美国。修饰复数名词years，用基数词，故填twelve。
24．句意：我能看到中国和美国之间的风俗差异。作为动词see的宾语，用different的名词，故填difference。
25．句意：例如，如果中国人去别人家，他们总是给他们的朋友买礼物。for example“例如”，位于句首，开头字母大写，故填For。
26．句意：例如，如果中国人去别人家，他们总是给他们的朋友买礼物。if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，此处用buy的一般将来时，故填will buy。
27．句意：中国人认为如果人们不给礼物是没有礼貌的，但是美国人认为给礼物是非常奇怪的。“人们不给礼物”是“不礼貌”的条件，应if引导条件状语从句，故填if。
28．句意：如果你要中国人坐，你必须问很多次，否则他们不会坐。 ask sb to do sth“要求某人做某事”，故填to sit。
29．句意：如果你要中国人坐，你必须问很多次，否则他们不会坐。
此处表示不问很多次就不会做，用or“否则”表示否定的条件，故填or。
30．句意：中国人认为，如果他们不被问几次，那么接受一些东西会让他们看起来很糟糕。有a few修饰，用复数名词，故填times。
31．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，所以我相信我能和中国人和美国人都相处得很好。动词believe后面的宾语从句，不缺少成分，用that引导，故填that。
32．句意：因为我在两种文化中长大，所以我相信我能和中国人和美国人都相处得很好。both...and...“……和……都”，故填and。
四、短文填空
(A)中国的剪纸艺术已经入选世界非物质文化遗产名录，这种艺术形式也讲述了中国的文化与艺术，并且它们也是好运的象征, 请补全短文中所缺词汇。每空一词。
Chinese Paper cutting is very famous____33____the world. It is well-known ____34____ it has a long history of more than 1,500 years. It tells so much of Chinese history and culture. Paper cutting has developed fast over the years. It is still popular in China, especially during special ____35____ like the Chinese New Year. These pictures are symbols of wishes for good luck so people like to put ____36____ on the windows, doors and walls. And they are often seen at Chinese weddings as well. In fact, some people are ____37____ talented in making paper-cutting.
【答案】
33．around / in / across
34．because
35．festivals
36．them
37．so / very / quite /truly
【解析】本文主要讲了中国的剪纸艺术。
33．句意：中国剪纸在世界上很有名。
根据句意可知，本句讲的是“在全世界”中国剪纸很有名，around / in / across the world在全世界，固定搭配。故填around / in / across。
34．句意：它是著名的，因为它有1500多年的悠久历史。
根据句意，后半句讲的是前句“It is well-known”的原因，故填because。
35．句意：它在中国仍然很受欢迎，尤其是在特殊节日里，像中国新年。
根据空后“like the Chinese New Year.”新年是中国的节日，festival节日，是可数名词，前面没有表示单数的a或one，可知用复数形式festivals。故填festivals。
36．句意：这些图片是好运的象征，所以人们喜欢把它们放在窗户、门和墙上。
根据前句的主语是“These pictures”，是复数形式，结合句意是把“它们”放在窗户、门和墙上，并且是在动词之后，所以用人称代词宾格形式，these pictures用人称代词宾格them代替。故填them。
37．句意：事实上，有些人在剪纸方面如此/非常/相当/真的很有天赋。
根据空后的形容词“talented”，可知空处是副词修饰形容词。根据句意可知是“如此/非常/相当/真的很有天赋”，故填so / very / quite /truly。
五、书面表达
假定你是李华，有一位美国交换生要来你校学习，他想了解中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。请你根据他的要求写一篇80词左右的作文。内容包含风俗、庆祝活动等相关内容。
要求：
1. 思路清晰，语句通顺，书写规范。
2. 不得出现自己的真实信息。
3. 题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
The Spring Festival and Christmas
The Spring Festival is the most traditional festival in China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文
The Spring Festival and Christmas
The Spring Festival is the most traditional festival in China. It falls in January or February. While
Christmas is the most important day in America. It’s on December 25th.
The two festivals have much in common. People in both countries always prepare beforehand to welcome the festivals. They clean and decorate houses. Paper cuttings are popular in China. Americans decorate Christmas trees with colorful lights, balls, stars and so on. They buy lovely presents and make delicious food. On that day, all the families have a big dinner together.
In China, children get lucky money from parents or grandparents. In America, all the children look forward to Father Christmas, because he brings them presents.
Everyone has a good time during the festivals.
【解析】
1.题干解读：题目要求写一篇80词左右的作文，介绍中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。
2.写作指导：本文主要以第三人称写作，时态主要为一般现在时。通过介绍人们的风俗习惯和庆祝活动等来说明中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。注意时态的正确使用以及选择恰当的连词，使文章自然流畅。
（2022·浙江温州·一模）
随着中国的发展，我们自信地向世界展示我们的文化瑰宝：传统京剧，绝美诗词，宏伟长城，中国功夫……请你以“The Treasure of Chinese Culture”为题，写一篇110词左右的英语短文向外国友人介绍一种或两种中国文化元素，让世界了解中国。
The Treasure of Chinese Culture
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文
The Treasure of Chinese Culture
China is a country with a long history of 5,000 years. Chinese Culture is full of treasures, such as sugar painting, paper cutting and so on.
Paper cutting is a beautiful art form. Only simple tools like a piece of paper and a pair of scissors are
required. People believe that good luck can be brought by the vivid paper cutting works. I hope that one day I can learn to make it.
Shadow puppets are made of hard leather, which is cut out in different shapes of a person, an animal or an object. Now this kind of play is not as popular as before, but I want to keep it alive.
All these treasures are important in Chinese culture. We are now working together to protect and develop them.
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇话题作文。要求以“The Treasure of Chinese Culture”为题，介绍一种或两种中国文化元素，让世界了解中国。注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一和第三人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为四段，第一段引出话题；第二段和第三段介绍两种中国文化元素；第四段收尾。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
（2022·河北石家庄·一模）
假如你叫李文，有一个外国代表团来你们学校访问，他们对中国文化比较感兴趣，由你负责介绍一下中国的传统节日，可以从提示中任选两个传统节日进行介绍。
内容提示：The Mid-Autumn Day, The Dragon Boat Festival, Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival ...
1. The Chinese traditional festivals you talk;
2. Activities during the festivals.
要求：1.短文必须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2.短文中不得出现真实的人名，校名和地名；
3.词数80个左右（开头已经给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear friends,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________例文：
Dear friends,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. It’s my honor to introduce Chinese traditional festivals to you.
My favorite festival is Spring Festival. It comes on the first day of the first month of the lunar calendar every year. On the Eve of Spring Festival, all the family members get together to celebrate it with a big dinner and watching TV. Dumplings are the traditional food. During the festival, people always visit relatives and friends with some gifts.
The Mid-Autumn Day is also an important festival in China. It is on lunar August 15th. On the festival we usually go back home from other cities or places and have a big dinner with the whole family. After dinner, we often eat moon cakes, watch the full moon and talk with each other happily.
Welcome to China to experience the festivals with us if possible.
【解析】
1.题干解读：题目要求根据内容提示写短文向外国代表团介绍两个中国的传统节日，包括节日是什么及有什么活动等。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一、三人称为主，时态采用一般现在时。可分为四段式写作：第一段开篇点题；第二、三段分别介绍两个节日及节日里的活动；最后一段收尾。要做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
（2020·广东·广州市第二中学一模）
假设你是小轩，你的英国笔友Simon 对中国传统节日——端午节很感兴趣。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇80 词左右的电子邮件向他介绍端午节。
注意:
1. 邮件中不得出现与本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息；
2. 邮件的开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 邮件需包括以上所有信息点；
4. 参考词汇：端午节 Dragon Boat Festival, 粽子zongzi，农历lunar
Dear Simon,
I’m very happy that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Xiao Xuan
例文：
Dear Simon,
I’m very happy that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals. n Chinese traditional festivals, the Dragon Boat Festival. Here is something about it.
Over two thousand years ago, there was a famous poet called Qu Yuan in China. In memory of him, people created the Dagon Boat Festival. It falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. It is also called the Double Fifth Festival. On that day, we usually eat zongzi, a kind of traditional Chinese food, which is made of rice. It tastes very delicious. To celebrate this festival, we have many activities. The most popular one is dragon boat races. People usually take an active part in them and enjoy themselves a lot during the races.
If you want to know more about it, I’d like to send some photos that I took during the festival last year. I hope they will be helpful.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Xiao Xuan
【解析】
1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，介绍端午节的一些习俗情况，包括目的，庆祝活动，习俗等等；可以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要与已给出的开头和结尾融合起来，本文应该用第一人称和第三人称来介绍内容；时态采用一般现在时；在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。
（2021·河北·模拟预测）
如果你的美国笔友询问我们国家的风俗习惯，你会怎样介绍呢？请你根据下面图示的提示，简单介绍一下我们中国的一些风俗。
Shake hands, for the first time old people ,first sit at table,don’t speak loudly finish eating,in the bowl
要求：1.短文须包含每幅图片的主要信息，可适当发挥，提示词语供参考；
2.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名；
3.词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
In our country there are some special manners. First
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
例文：
In our country there are some special manners.First, we are supposed to shake hands when we meet someone for the first time. It’s different from your country. Second, we are expected to let the old people sit first before meals. Respecting the old is a traditional virtue of our Chinese nation. At table, it’s impolite to speak loudly. We had better eat quietly while we’re eating. At the same time, it’s necessary to finish eating up the food in the bowl. Don’t waste anything. Because thrift is also a traditional virtue of our Chinese nation.
If you are interested in our manners, I’ll tell you more when you come to our country.
【解析】
1.题干解读：该题属于说明文。写作时要根据图片介绍中国的风俗习惯和礼仪文化。
2.写作指导：本文应该用第一人称来叙述内容；时态采用一般现在时为主；描述风俗礼仪时，要恰当地使用提建议的句型以及正确使用连词；并且介绍风俗习惯时，要符合实际生活，还可以适当介绍中国的优良传统文化；需要叙述完整，保证条理清晰。
（2022·浙江温州·一模）
方言（dialect）有悠久的历史和独特的文化魅力。假如你是王磊，你的外国朋友Tony对你家乡的方言很感兴趣，来信询问相关信息。请你结合自己的生活经历，写一封回信。
Dear Wang Lei, Long time no see. I’m now learning about Putonghua, but I hear that in China the people of each city, each town and each village have their special dialect. What’s your dialect Do you speak it in daily life Do you think it necessary for young people to learn the dialect Please tell me more. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tony
注意：1.文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；2.词数：110词左右。
Dear Tony,
I am glad to receive your email asking something about my hometown dialect.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Lei
例文
Dear Tony,
I am glad to receive your email asking something about my hometown dialect.
Of course, I also have special dialect in my hometown. I live in Shenzhen, so my dialect is Cantonese. We seldom speak it at work, because my colleagues prefer to speak Putonghua. However, we usually use it to talk to my families and friends. I think it’s necessary to learn the dialect. Because it shows local culture and tradition. Many young people like to study Cantonese, especially Cantonese songs. I suggest that you
can study it through two ways. First, you can watch Cantonese TVs or listen to Cantonese songs. Second, you can try to communicate with local people in Guangdong.
I think my suggestions can help you.
Yours,
Wang Lei
【解析】
1.题干解读：本文是一篇书信作文。围绕“方言”向对方写一封回信。
2.写作指导：本文采用三段式：第一段开头已给出；第二段介绍自己家乡的方言，是否有必要学习方言以及如何学习；最后一段表达希望自己的建议可以帮到对方。写作时保持主谓一致性，做到无语法和标点错误。07 传统文化
一、完形填空
（2022·四川绵阳·一模）
The Lantern Festival falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month, marking the end of the Spring Festival celebrations.
At this festival, people often watch lanterns, which are in any size and shape you can imagine, from animals to plants and flowers. Another activity, guessing the answers to lantern riddles gives young people a chance to have more fun. Chinese people regard the dragon as a symbol of auspiciousness （吉祥）. So people also perform dragon lantern dances to look forward to a good omen（征兆） of this year’s good weather and peace. Lion dance is similar to the dragon lantern dancer delivering good wishes and good luck. Eating yuanxiao at the Lantern Festival is another tradition. Yuanxiao is made of glutinous（黏的）rice，either solid or stuffed. The stuffing includes bean paste, sugar, hawthorn（山楂）, various kinds of fruit and so on. It can be boiled, fired or steamed.
The Lantern Festival also seemed romantic in the old times. Because some young girls in ancient China were not allowed to go out very often except during certain festivals, this festival was a time for unmarried men and women to meet. Watching lanterns at night was just an opportunity for young women to find a man who attracted them. Therefore, for thousands of years, there have been a large number of stories and poems written about these during the Lantern Festival. The famous Song Dynasty poet Ou Yangxiu wrote the well-known lines:
Atop the willow tree hangs the moon, my date comes in the evening soon.
Today, more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals, while traditional Chinese ones are ignored. Our traditional values are in danger of losing their true meanings. What should we do
1．How many celebrations are mentioned in this passage
A．4 B．5 C．6 D．7
2．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the second paragraph
A．yuanxiao. B．stuffing. C．rice. D．hawthorn.
3．Which of following is true according to the passage
A．The Lantern Festival is the start of the Spring Festival celebrations .
B．People perform dragon lantern dances to have more fun in old times.
C．It seems that young people in ancient China loved the Lantern Festival.
D．We can still have dumplings as the traditional food of the Lantern Festival.
4．Which line could best describe the youngsters’ meeting on the ancient Lantern Festival night
A．Good rain knows its time right, it will fall when comes spring.
B．When will the full moon appear Wine up in hand. I ask the sky.
C．No matter how high the mountain is, one can always climb to the top.
D．I look for her in the crowd, when I turn my head. I find her there where light is didn’ t shed.
5．What may be next paragraph about
A．Different kinds of Western festivals.
B．Introduction of the traditional values.
C．Ways to protect traditional Chinese festivals.
D．Reasons why more youngsters are fascinated with Western festivals.
（2022·陕西西安·一模）
China’s fifth solar term (节气) Clear and Bright, comes on April 4, 5 or 6 each year. At this time, temperature begins to rise around the country and rainfall increases, making it an important time for farming in spring. It is also a traditional Chinese festival, Tomb-sweeping Day.
The festival has something to do with Jie Zitui in the Spring and Autumn Period. Jie saved his lord’s life by serving meat cut from his own leg. The lord, known as Jin Wengong, later came to power. He decided to reward (奖赏) Jie, but Jie refused. Unluckily, Jie was burned to death when Jin Wengong set fire to a forest to force him out. Jin Wengong was sad to hear of Jie’s death. Then he ordered that each year on that day setting off fire was not allowed, and that all people should eat cold food. This is the origin (起源) of the Cold Food Festival,which used to be 1 or 2 days before Clear and Bright. Later the two merged (融合) and became Tomb-sweeping Day.
This is a festival of different feelings. At the festival, people usually honor the dead, plant willows, take spring outings, fly kites and eat cold food. They also do some sports to keep warm and avoid harm caused by cold dishes. As a result, this festival includes not only sadness from sweeping new tombs but also laughter from spring outings.
6．________ makes Clear and Bright important for farming.
A．The traditional culture B．The change of the date
C．The warmer and wetter weather D．The increasing need of cold food
7．What can we infer from the second paragraph
A．Jin Wengong felt regretful about Jie’s death. B．Jie Zitui could only eat cold food in the forest.
C．Jin Wengong wanted to kill Jie by setting a fire. D．Jie Zitui saved Jin Wengong’s life many times.
8．In which part of a newspaper can you most probably read the article
A．Society News. B．Healthy and Diet. C．History and Culture. D．Around the World.
（2021·福建福州）
Dear Li Na,
I am glad to know about Fuzhou in your letter. Fuzhou is really a wonderful place that I look forward to visiting one day. And I want to tell you something about my hometown, Hubei. Look at the house in the picture. Do you know anything about it
It is Suspended Building of Tujia Nationality (土家族吊脚楼). There are many houses of this kind in my hometown. Usually they have two floors. On the first floor, there are no rooms for people because it is for pigs, cows, chickens, ducks, sheep, dogs and so on. Tujia people always put the firewood on the first floor, too. And they use it to cook. People live on the second floor. The living room is in the center of the house. It is very big. It is for dinner and meeting friends. On the right and left sides of the house, there are some bedrooms. The kitchen and the bathroom are usually at the back of the house.
In my hometown, you can see this kind of houses here and there. But now, young people don’t build them again. Some of the them are very old and are falling down (倒塌). The government (政府) are trying to keep them well because they are the wonderful culture (文化) of Tujia nationality.
Yours,
Xiang Jun
9．Tujia people usually keep their animals ______.
A．on the second floor B．on the first floor
C．at the back of their houses D．on the left of their houses
10．Tujia people have dinner in the ______.
A．kitchen B．bedroom C．living room D．dining room
11．What does the underlined words “sides” mean
A．边 B．点 C．上 D．下
12．We can infer (断) from the passage that ______.
A．many people build new suspended houses in Xiang Jun’s hometown now
B．Tujia people build this kind of houses because they are poor (贫穷的)
C．Tujia people use firewood to cook
D．Xiang Jun lives in a suspended house
13．What maybe the best title for this passage
A．The Suspended Building of Tujia Nationality
B．The Life of Tujia People
C．The Culture of Tujia Nationality
D．Xiang Jun’s Home
（2021·全国）
When Reginald Johnston first walked into the Forbidden City in 1919, most palaces weren’t allowed to visit. But a century later, the 600-year-old palace complex(宫殿群) becomes the world’s busiest museum.
Open to the public
In the old days, common people could only imagine what it looked like inside. When the Palace Museum was founded in 1925, the public could go into the palaces. Now 80% of the area of the museum is open to the public and it will increase to 85% in 2025.
Embracing (拥抱) the world
“It felt like you were hit by hundreds of years of history,” Allen from Britain said. “I begin to love its history and culture.” The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors. It attracted(吸引) about 3.5 million visitors from abroad and 9 overseas(海外的) exhibitions were held in 2018. The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon(文化现象) everywhere it goes.
Attracting the young
On the Palace Museum’s online store on Taobao, you can find more than 10, 000 cultural
products(产品). The ones with cute and humorous pictures of emperors are very popular. Some favourite products also go offline. For example, the “Kangxi Emperor’s Favourite Chocolate”, the most popular drink, always has people lining up(排队) to get a taste. As a child, Xu Jing often rode a bike in front of the Meridian Gate(午门). “I had little memory of the museum then, but now I am more willing to visit it after watching several popular TV shows about the museum,”she said.
14．The current situation(现状) of the Forbidden City is that ______.
A．it has become the world’s busiest museum
B．most palaces are still not allowed to visit
C．it is closed to all the world except local people
D．it is not open because there are too many exhibits (展品)
15．Which is NOT the reason that the Forbidden City attracts more visitors from abroad
A．Foreigners are hit by hundreds of years of Chinese history.
B．The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors.
C．The ticket price of the Forbidden City is the lowest.
D．The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goes.
16．According to the last part, the young know more about the Palace Museum mainly through ______.
a. the online store on Taobao
b. offline stores
c. history books
d. popular TV shows
A．a, b, d B．a, b, c C．b, c, d D．a, c, d
17．Which is RIGHT according to the passage
A．The Palace Museum becomes world famous in a short period.
B．Visitors can leave their footprints (脚印) in each area of the museum.
C．All the native people were willing to visit the museum when they were kids.
D．With the development of China, the Palace Museum opens its arms and welcomes the visitors from all around the world.
二、阅读匹配
（2021·广东·深圳中学模拟预测）
右面的材料A—F分别是六种中国传统艺术文化的介绍。请根据五个人兴趣选择合适的选项。
____18____ Maria is planning to buy several clay works for her cousins.____19____ Bruce would like to go to Guilin to experience fishing with birds. ____20____ Nancy is very keen on the art of paper cutting. ____21____ Jason is going to visit Chengdu and learn how to make sugar painting. ____22____ Betty is looking forward to spending the Lantern Festival with her host family. A．Sugar painting just as the name means, is a painting made of sugar. Although it seems to be a small skill, it has a long tradition of 400 years. In the history, people began to use melted sugar to make all kinds of animals and human figures as sacrifices (祭品) in Ming Dynasty (1368-1644 A．D．). Then it took in some sculpting and carving (雕琢) skills from shadow play and paper cutting and has gradually developed into the present art of sugar painting.B．Paper cutting has been around for over 1,500 years. The paper, usually red, is folded (对折) before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures are flowers, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows, doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year. C．Cormorant fishing has a history of more than a thousand years. Cormorants are large, blackbirds, which are good at catching fish. They can dive down 25 meters, and stay underwater for up to two minutes. Fishermen use cormorants to catch fish for them. D．Sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble. Today, sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. E. Chinese clay (黏土) art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real. The pieces are carefully shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and allowed to air-dry (风干). After drying, they are fired at a very high heat.
They are then polished and painted. It takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. F. Chinese embroidery (刺绣) is an ancient form of needlework (缝纫). It has been traced back to the Neolithic Age (新石器时代). At first, it was only taken up by the upper classes, but later it became a common skill among Chinese women. The four most popular styles of Chinese embroidery are Su xiu, Xiang xiu, Yue xiu—also known as Guang xiu and Shu xiu.
三、短文填空
My father is Chinese and my mother is American. I lived in China first. Then I moved to the United States when I was ___23___(twelfth) years old. I was able to see the ___24___(different) between Chinese and American customs (风俗).
___25___ example, if Chinese people go to others' house, they ___26___(buy) gifts for their friends. Americans will not usually buy gifts. They only buy gifts on their friends' birthdays or for some other big celebrations. Chinese feel it is not polite (有礼貌的) ___27___ people don't give gifts, but Americans think it is very strange (奇怪的) to give gifts.
If you ask Chinese people ___28___(sit), you must ask them many times, ___29___ they will not sit at all. Chinese people believe that if they are not asked a few ___30___(time), then accepting something make them look bad.
Because I grew up in both cultures, I believe ___31___ I can get on well with both Chinese people ___32___ American people.
四、短文填空
(A)中国的剪纸艺术已经入选世界非物质文化遗产名录，这种艺术形式也讲述了中国的文化与艺术，并且它们也是好运的象征, 请补全短文中所缺词汇。每空一词。
Chinese Paper cutting is very famous____33____the world. It is well-known ____34____ it has a long history of more than 1,500 years. It tells so much of Chinese history and culture.
Paper cutting has developed fast over the years. It is still popular in China, especially during special ____35____ like the Chinese New Year. These pictures are symbols of wishes for good luck so people like to put ____36____ on the windows, doors and walls. And they are often seen at Chinese weddings as well. In fact, some people are ____37____ talented in making paper-cutting.
五、书面表达
假定你是李华，有一位美国交换生要来你校学习，他想了解中国春节和美国圣诞节的异同。请你根据他的要求写一篇80词左右的作文。内容包含风俗、庆祝活动等相关内容。
要求：
1. 思路清晰，语句通顺，书写规范。
2. 不得出现自己的真实信息。
3. 题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
The Spring Festival and Christmas
The Spring Festival is the most traditional festival in China. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2022·浙江温州·一模）
随着中国的发展，我们自信地向世界展示我们的文化瑰宝：传统京剧，绝美诗词，宏伟长城，中国功夫……请你以“The Treasure of Chinese Culture”为题，写一篇110词左右的英语短文向外国友人介绍一种或两种中国文化元素，让世界了解中国。
The Treasure of Chinese Culture
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2022·河北石家庄·一模）
假如你叫李文，有一个外国代表团来你们学校访问，他们对中国文化比较感兴趣，由你负责介绍一下中国的传统节日，可以从提示中任选两个传统节日进行介绍。
内容提示：The Mid-Autumn Day, The Dragon Boat Festival, Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival ...
1. The Chinese traditional festivals you talk;
2. Activities during the festivals.
要求：1.短文必须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；
2.短文中不得出现真实的人名，校名和地名；
3.词数80个左右（开头已经给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear friends,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2020·广东·广州市第二中学一模）
假设你是小轩，你的英国笔友Simon 对中国传统节日——端午节很感兴趣。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇80 词左右的电子邮件向他介绍端午节。
注意:
1. 邮件中不得出现与本人相关的真实姓名和校名等信息；
2. 邮件的开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 邮件需包括以上所有信息点；
4. 参考词汇：端午节 Dragon Boat Festival, 粽子zongzi，农历lunar
Dear Simon,
I’m very happy that you are interested in Chinese traditional festivals. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Xiao Xuan
（2021·河北·模拟预测）
如果你的美国笔友询问我们国家的风俗习惯，你会怎样介绍呢？请你根据下面图示的提示，简单介绍一下我们中国的一些风俗。
Shake hands, for the first time old people ,first sit at table,don’t speak loudly finish eating,in the bowl
要求：1.短文须包含每幅图片的主要信息，可适当发挥，提示词语供参考；
2.文中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名；
3.词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
In our country there are some special manners. First
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2022·浙江温州·一模）
方言（dialect）有悠久的历史和独特的文化魅力。假如你是王磊，你的外国朋友Tony对你家乡的方言很感兴趣，来信询问相关信息。请你结合自己的生活经历，写一封回信。
Dear Wang Lei, Long time no see. I’m now learning about Putonghua, but I hear that in China the people of each city, each town and each village have their special dialect. What’s your dialect Do you speak it in daily life Do you think it necessary for young people to learn the dialect Please tell me more. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Tony
注意：1.文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息；2.词数：110词左右。
Dear Tony,
I am glad to receive your email asking something about my hometown dialect.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Wang Lei

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