资源简介 2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题(选择题):动词一.选择题(共10小题)1.(2021 雅安)My family enjoy __________ books in the city library in our spare time.( )A.reads B.read C.to read D.reading2.(2021 西藏)His cousin is a humorous man.He makes us all the time.( )A.laughs B.laughing C.to laugh D.laugh3.(2021 西藏)Some people think one of the most useful inventions the smartphone.( )A.are B.is C.were D.be4.(2021 西藏)My mother says a glass of milk every day is good for our health.( )A.drink B.to drink C.drinking D.drinks5.(2021 沈阳)Tom's old computer ran fast five years ago,but little by little it really slow.( )A.looked B.became C.sounded D.stayed6.(2021 青岛)Students should have outdoor activities every day _______their eyesight.( )A.improve B.to improve C.check D.to check7.(2021 呼和浩特)Because of COVID﹣19,the government advised us to the public places less.( )A.going B.to go C.not to go D.go8.(2021 阜新)The man in my room be my brother.He is still in France.( )A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.can't9.(2021 无锡)一You added sugar in my tea?It terrible!一Sorry,madam.I'll pour you another cup right away.A.feels B.looks C.sounds D.tastes10.(2021 哈尔滨)﹣﹣﹣Plastic bags are really harmful to our environment.﹣﹣﹣You're right.Let's _________ using them.( )A.keep B.stop C.start2022年中考英语复习之小题狂练300题(选择题):动词(10题)参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.(2021 雅安)My family enjoy __________ books in the city library in our spare time.( )A.reads B.read C.to read D.reading【考点】动名词.【分析】我的家人喜欢在业余时间在城市图书馆看书。【解答】reads第三人称单数;read读,动词原形;to read不定式;reading动名词/现在分词。enjoy doing sth"喜欢做某事"固定搭配,填动名词reading。故选:D。【点评】掌握固定搭配enjoy doing sth"喜欢做某事",分析选项,选择正确答案。2.(2021 西藏)His cousin is a humorous man.He makes us all the time.( )A.laughs B.laughing C.to laugh D.laugh【考点】动词的固定搭配.【分析】他表哥是个幽默的男人,他总是让我们笑。【解答】使某人做某事:make sb.do sth.;根据句意,他总是让我们笑,laugh用原形。故选:D。【点评】掌握短语的固定搭配,根据具体语境作答。3.(2021 西藏)Some people think one of the most useful inventions the smartphone.( )A.are B.is C.were D.be【考点】系动词;一般现在时.【分析】有些人认为最有用的发明之一是智能手机。【解答】根据题干和语境,可知句意为有些人认为最有用的发明之一是智能手机。句子用一般现在时,主语"one of the most useful inventions"是单数,根据意义一致原则,因此用is。故选:B。【点评】掌握系动词的用法,给句句子的时态和语境,给出答案。4.(2021 西藏)My mother says a glass of milk every day is good for our health.( )A.drink B.to drink C.drinking D.drinks【考点】动名词.【分析】我妈妈说每天喝一杯牛奶对我们的健康有好处。【解答】动名词作主语:动名词可直接位于句首作主语。drinking a glass of milk every day 动名词短语做从句的主语。选项C.drinking动名词,符合题意。故选:C。【点评】中考英语试题常考查动名词作主语。5.(2021 沈阳)Tom's old computer ran fast five years ago,but little by little it really slow.( )A.looked B.became C.sounded D.stayed【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】Tom的旧电脑五年前运行很快,但是渐渐地它变得相当慢了。【解答】looked看起来;became变得;sounded听起来;stayed停留。根据"以前很快,现在很慢"可知,这是个变化过程,应该是变得慢了。故选:B。【点评】分析动词意思,结合语境可以确定答案。6.(2021 青岛)Students should have outdoor activities every day _______their eyesight.( )A.improve B.to improve C.check D.to check【考点】不定式;动词词义辨析.【分析】学生们每天进行户外活动来改善他们的视力。【解答】improve改善,动词原形;to improve改善,动词不定式;check检查,动词原形;to check检查,动词不定式。根据语境可知,进行户外活动是为了改善视力。使用"改善",动词不定式做目的状语,故正确形式是to improve。故选:B。【点评】首先确定使用哪个动词,再结合不定式做目的状语确定答案。7.(2021 呼和浩特)Because of COVID﹣19,the government advised us to the public places less.( )A.going B.to go C.not to go D.go【考点】动词的固定搭配.【分析】因为新冠肺炎疫情,政府建议我们要少去公共场所。【解答】根据less,可知因为新冠肺炎疫情,政府建议我们要少去公共场所,考查advise sb to do sth劝告某人做某事。故选:B。【点评】熟悉动词固定搭配的用法,结合题意,给出答案。8.(2021 阜新)The man in my room be my brother.He is still in France.( )A.couldn't B.mustn't C.needn't D.can't【考点】情态动词.【分析】我房间里的那个人不可能是我哥哥,他还在法国。【解答】根据后半句汉语意思:他还在法国。说明不可能是我哥哥,can't不可能。故选:D。【点评】主要考查的是对句子意思的理解和对情态动词的掌握,本题容易误选B。9.(2021 无锡)一You added sugar in my tea?It terrible!一Sorry,madam.I'll pour you another cup right away.A.feels B.looks C.sounds D.tastes【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】——你在我的茶里加糖了吗?尝起来太糟糕了!——对不起,女士。我马上给你另倒一杯。【解答】feels 感觉;looks 看起来;sounds 听起来;tastes 尝起来。根据语境"——你在我的茶里加糖了吗?____太糟糕了!——对不起,女士。我马上给你另倒一杯。"可知,茶里加糖应是尝起来很难喝,因此是"tastes"。故选:D。【点评】辨析动词的含义,结合语境,给出答案。10.(2021 哈尔滨)﹣﹣﹣Plastic bags are really harmful to our environment.﹣﹣﹣You're right.Let's _________ using them.( )A.keep B.stop C.start【考点】动词词义辨析.【分析】﹣塑料袋对我们的环境确实有害。﹣你说得对。让我们停止使用它们。【解答】A.保持;B.停止;C.开始。根据句意:塑料袋对我们的环境确实有害。可知:让我们停止使用它们。选项B符合题意。故选:B。【点评】本题考查动词的词义辨析,在熟知动词词义的基础上,结合句意,仔细分析,便可得出答案。考点卡片1.系动词【概念】系动词:只称系动词(Linking Verb),是用来辅助主语的动词.它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,其后必须跟表语,构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况.2.情态动词【概念】情态动词:可以用来表示说话人的语气和情态,如需要、可能、意愿和怀疑等,有一定的意义,但不完整,不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语.3.动词的固定搭配【常见的动词固定搭配】一、只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词1. want to do sth. 想要做某事2. would like to do sth. 想要做某事3. wish to do sth. 希望做某事4. help(to)do sth. 帮助做某事5. hope to do sth. 希望做某事6. learn to do sth. 学会做某事7. manage to do sth. 设法做成某事8. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事9. plan to do sth. 计划做某事10. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事(时间或金钱方面)11. agree to do sth. 做某事12. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事13. ask to do sth. 要求做某事14. beg to do sth. 恳求做某事15. care to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事16. choose to do sth. 选择做某事17. decide to do sth. 决定做某事18. demand to do sth. 要求做某事19. determine to do sth. 决心做某事20. expect to do sth. 等待做某事21. fear to do sth. 惧怕做某事22. prepare to do sth. 预备做某事23. pretend to do sth. 伪装做某事24. promise to do sth. 答应做某事25. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事二、只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词1. practice doing sth. 练习做某事2. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事3. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事4. finish doing sth. 完成做某事5. give up doing sth. 放弃做某事6. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事7. keep doing sth. 一直做某事8. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事9. risk doing sth. 冒险做某事10. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事11. admit doing sth. 承认做某事12. advise doing sth. 建议做某事13. allow doing sth. 允许做某事14. appreciate doing sth. 感谢做某事15. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事16. delay doing sth. 拖延做某事17. deny doing sth. 否认做某事18. discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事19. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事20. escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事21. excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事22. fancy doing sth. 想象/喜爱做某事23. forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事24. mention doing sth. 提及做某事25. mind doing sth. 介意做某事26. miss doing sth. 错过做某事27. permit doing sth. 允许做某事28. prohibit doing sth. 禁止/阻止做某事三、既可接不定式也可接动名词,但含义完全不同的8个动词1. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做)remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)2. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(未做) regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)4. try to do sth. 努力做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事5. mean to do sth. 计划做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事6. can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事7. go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事8. stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情 四、接不定式作宾补的35个常用动词 1. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3. ask sb. to do sth. 请(叫)某人做某事 4. bear sb. to do sth. 忍耐某人做某事 5. beg sb. to do sth. 恳求某人做某事 6. cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 7. command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 8. drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 9. elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 10. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓舞某人做某事 11. expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 12. forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 13. force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 14. get sb. to do sth. 使(要)某人做某事 15. hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌/厌恶某人做某事 16. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事 17. intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事 18. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 19. leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 20. like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事 21. mean sb. to do sth. 计划要某人做某事 22. need sb. to do sth. 需求某人做某事 23. order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 24. permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 25. persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事 26. prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 27. request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 28. remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 29. teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事 30. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉/让某人做某事 31. train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事 32. trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事 33. want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 34. warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事 35. wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事五、可接动词原形做宾补的11个动词1. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事2. watch sb. do sth. 观看某人做了某事3. notice sb. do sth. 注意到某人做了某事4. observe sb. do sth. 观察到某人做了某事5. look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做了某事6. hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做了某事7. listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做了某事8. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事9. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事10. have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事11. feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做了某事4.不定式【概念】1.不定式是一种非限定动词,通常由"to+动词原形"构成,如to be,to do,to combine,to expand,to get up等.这里的to是不定式的符号,没有词义,有时还可以省略.2.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化.3.不定式在句中不能单独用作谓语,但还保留着动词的若干特征:可以带状语,及物动词可以带宾语,系动词可以带表语.4.不定式可以连同它的附属成分一起组成不定式短语.【不定式的用法】不定式(短语)在句中起相当于名词、形容词或副词的作用,可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补语.1.具有名词的性质①用作主语.To live is to function.That is all there is in living.(Holmes)活着就要发挥作用,这就是生活的全部真谛.②用作表语.Her wish was to become a teacher.她的愿望是当个教师.③用作宾语.The owner wanted to make a large purchase of gift before Christmas.老板想在圣诞节前做一大笔礼品生意.④用作宾语补语.I wanted something to happen to me,but nothing happened.(L.Hughes)我希望在我身上会发生些什么变化,可是什么都没发生.⑤用作主语补语.This test is thought to have practical value.大家认为这个试验有实际价值.⑥用作同位语.2、具有形容词的性质①用作定语.Can you think up a good way to deal with the ever increasing prices?你们能否想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好办法?3、具有副词的性质①用作状语.We use electrical energy to do many things.我们用电能做许多事情.4、用作插入语.To begin with,we must consider the problem in an all﹣round way.首先,我们必须全面地考虑这个问题.5.动名词【概念】①动词:动词是表示动作或状态的词.②名词:名词是表示人或事物名称的词.它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以表示抽象的东西.③动名词:动名词是动词﹣ing形式的一种,是兼有动词和名词特征的非限定动词.它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰.动名词有时态和语态的变化.英语中的动名词是由动词变化而来的.④概念点拨:A.动词特征:非谓语动词可以组成动名词短语,表达动词意义;B.名词特征:非谓语动词可以像名词一样在句中作主语、宾语等;C.动名词由动词变化而来,但归根结底它的词性是名词.【结构】①动名词的一般形式:doing.You can enjoy your time by playing football together.②动名词的被动形式:being done.He is proud of being asked to teach his cousin.③动名词的复合结构:物主代词/名词所有格+动名词.I'm thinking about my coming math exam.【用法】动名词可以在句子中充当名词所能充当的多种句子成分,具体用法如下:①动名词作主语:动名词可直接位于句首作主语;当动名词结构复杂且长时,可用it作形式主语.Learning English all by yourself is very difficult.全靠你自己学英语是很难的.②动名词作宾语:某些动词和动词短语后出现非限定动词时,只能用动名词作宾语,而不能用动词不定式.常见的此类动词有:mind, enjoy, finish, avoid, practice, stop, require, suggest, keep, consider, imagine, advise, allow, be worth, be used to, be busy, can't help, lead to, keep on, look forward to, feel like, pay attention to等等.如:My parents enjoy talking about funny things.我的父母喜欢谈论有趣的事情.③动名词作表语:动名词作表语时,表语与主语通常是对等关系,位置可以互换.如:His job is taking care of the little boy.(Taking care of the little boy is his job.)他的工作就是照看好那个小男孩.④动名词做定语:动名词作定语时通常表示被修饰词的某种用途.如:They chose a house with a swimming pool.他们选择了一处带游泳池的房子.【易混淆点】名词与现在分词①两者形式相同,都是动词的﹣ing形式并保留了动词的某些特征.②作表语时,动名词与主语同指一件事,可与主语互换位置,而现在分词用以说明主语的性质,不能互换位置.如:My favorite sport is running.(表语主语可互换位置)The new teacher is coming.(表语主语位置不可换)③作定语时,动名词表示所修饰词的某种用途,而现在分词表示所修饰词的性质、状态或动作.We can go to the meeting room.(房屋的用途是开会)You can't wake a sleeping man.(睡觉是人的状态)【解题方法点拨】①注意动名词作主语在特定结构中的一致性.动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数.②牢记只接动名词作宾语的动词;介词(除 but,. except 外)后面须接动名词作宾语;能区分既可接动名词又可接不定式作宾语的动词.③当表语说明主语内容时应用动名词.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动名词作主语、宾语和表语的一般式用法以及一些动名词的固定用法.有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可,但意义截然不容,那几个词以及两种句型的不同之处必须牢记在心,因为这是我们经常出错的地方.6.动词词义辨析【概念】动词:动词是用来表示动作或状态的词.在句子中做谓语,说明主语"是什么"、"做什么"或"怎么样"的词.通过动词的变化,可以知道动作发生的时间、说话人的语气、态度.【考查内容】①词形相近的动词间的辨析.如remind/remember; rise/raise; hang/hung…例1:Sorry,I've forgotten your name.Can you ____me?I'm Daniel.( )A.remind B.receive C.respect D.remember分析:对不起,我忘了你的名字,你能提醒我一下吗?我是Daniel.解答:答案:A.remind提醒;receive收到;respect尊重;remember记得.根据Sorry,I've forgotten your name.Can you ____me?I'm Daniel.可知,句意是"对不起,我忘了你的名字,你能提醒我一下吗?"根据下面的回答I'm Daniel.可推测句意是"提醒一下".故选A.点评:本题考查动词词义辨析.解答时注意根据句意以及所给选项的意思作答. ②词义相近的动词间的辨析.如took/cost/paid/spent; borrow/lend;speak/say/talk.例2:Wow,your sweater is very beautiful!Thank you.I bought it two days ago.It ____me$50.( )A.took B.cost C.paid D.spent.分析:哇,你的毛衣很漂亮!谢谢.我两天前买的.它花费了我50美元.解答:答案:B.It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事.人+spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth表示某人花费时间/金钱做某事.人+spend+时间/金钱+on+名词,表示某人在某物上花费时间/金钱.sth costs sb+金钱,表示某物花了某人多少钱.人+pay+钱+for,表示为某物付钱.根据题干I bought it two days ago.It ____me$50.可知这是某物花了某人多少钱,即sth costs sb+金钱,故选B.点评:了解每个选项的含义是做好词类题型的关键,还要从句意桌搜,根据句意作答,所以平时的学习中要多积累词汇,才能很好的完成. ③意义不同,但容易混淆的动词的辨析.如find/find out;take/leave;explain/say…例3:Can you ____a message?Yes.Please ask Tom to ring me back.( )A.give B.take C.leave.分析:你能帮我带个口信吗?可以.请让汤姆给我回电话.解答:答案:B.句意"你能帮我带个口信吗?可以.请让汤姆给我回电话."give给,take带,leave离开.take a message带个口信,固定搭配,故选B.点评:动词是表示动作或者状态的词,要结合语境,注意时态、人称等的变化,掌握常用的固定搭配. 【解题方法点拨】①分析词义,根据上下句意思进行选择.②根据常用动词的用法进行筛选.③根据动词的固定短语用法,进行筛选.④分析句子时态,选择动词的正确形式作答.【中考命题方向】中考英语试题常考查动词的词义辨析、意义相近但容易混淆的动词、常用动词的习惯用法、常用动词短语.这些是考查的重点.7.一般现在时【概念】(1)一般现在时:一般现在时,是描述现在或经常性的性质、动作或状态的时态,表示通常性、规律性、习惯性、真理性的状态或者动作有时间规律发生的时间的一种时间状态.(2)概念点拨:①经常性:指经常发生的动作,比如每天起床、吃饭、上学、工作,一个月去几次超市或书店等.②规律性:强调事情的规律性,例如偶尔做几次的事情等.③习惯性:强调动作经常发生,是一般的情况而不是具体的某一次.【结构】①be动词的一般现在时:主语+am/is/are+其它.I am a student. He is a student. They are students.②实义动词的一般现在时:主语+动词原形/第三人称单数形式+其它.I like apples. He likes apples.【用法】①表示习惯性、经常性或者反复出现的动作、状态,常与表示频度的时间状语连用.如:always, sometimes, every day, every morning, once a week, hardly, ever, never…例:I usually go to school at seven o'clock.我通常在七点钟上学.②描述现在的特征、状态、能力、性格等,是为了表示现阶段的动作或状态.例:This job calls for great patience.这份工作需要极大的耐心.③表示客观真理、客观事实.例:The earth moves around the sun.地球绕着太阳转.④表示名言警句.Actions speak louder than words.身教胜于言传.⑤一般现在时可以表示按规定、计划或时间表要发生的事情,通常有一个表示未来的时间状语.The plane takes off at 8:00.飞起8点钟起飞.⑥在时间状语或条件状语从句中,常用一般现在时表示将来动作.If I see Kate I'll tell her.如果我看到凯特我会告诉她.I'll tell her after you leave.你走之后我再告诉她.【易混淆点】一般现在时与现在进行时:一般现在时表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或现在的状态,强调长期性、稳定性.现在进行时指现在、此刻或现在这一时期内正在进行的动作,强调暂时性、不稳定性.She usually goes to school at seven o'clock.(经常性、习惯性动作)She is going to school now.(现在此刻正在发生的动作)【解题方法点拨】①如果题干有时间状语,可以根据时间状语确定时态.②没有时间状语,则根据语境判断句子时态.③掌握复合句中谓语动词时态的用法.例如主将从现原则.【中考命题方向】对于一般现在时的考查,多以单选、句型转换、语法填空或词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用时态的能力.在考试中,一般现在时的第三人称单数形式会作为重点,尤其在助动词does后的动词形式,往往是学生容易忽略的地方.因此,学生在平时训练中应该注重时态的细节问题. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览