资源简介

2022中考专项复习专题：宾语从句
考点：
1.宾语从句的引导词
2.宾语从句的时态
3.宾语从句的语序
概念引入
1. 宾语从句名言：
（1) that引导的宾语从句Sometimes we need to remind ourselves that thankfulness is indeed a virtue.有时我们需要提醒自己，感激是真正的美德。Health is the thing that makes you feel that now is the best time of the year.健康使你感到现在是一年中最好的时光。
（2）what引导的宾语从句If you can’t have the best, make the best of what you have.没有最好的，就充分利用现有的。If you don’t have what you like，you must like what you have.没有你喜欢的东西，就喜欢你现有的东西。
2. 宾语从句定义：在主从复合句子中，充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语可分为三类：动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句、形容词的宾语从句。
用法讲解
1. 宾语从句的引导词在复合句子中，作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
例如：I want to know whose book this is.我想知道这是谁的书。
宾语从句的引导词有三种：
1）that；
2）whether/ if；
3）特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等。
例如：He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。
Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week.
你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。
Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin？
你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗？
(1) 以that引导的宾语从句：that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当，引导词that没有实际意义，不在从句中作任何成分，that可以省略，而且从句成分齐全，句意完整。
Do you think (that) it will rain 你认为天会下雨吗？
He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。
(2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句：从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，变成从句后，语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。
Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday.　
请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。
I don’t care whether you like the story or not.
我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。
注意：
以下情况一般只用whether不用if。
接带to的动词不定式。
She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo.
她不知道是不是去动物园。
与or not连用时。
I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time.
他能否准时来，我说不准。
(3) 特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等引导的宾语从句：此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序，由wh-开头的疑问词引导。包括who, whom, whose, what, which等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词，这些引导词有各自的意思，在从句中要作相应的成分，不能省略。
例如：Could you tell me which gate we have to go to
请问我们得走哪个门？
He didn’t tell me how long he would stay here.
他没有告诉我他要在这里呆多长时间。
2. 宾语从句的语序由whether/ if和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和动词的变化等。
Where does your father work Can you tell us
→Can you tell us where your father works 你能告诉我们你爸爸在哪里工作吗？
Did you get home very late He asked me.
→He asked me if I got home very late. 他问我是否到家很晚。
3. 宾语从句的时态对应
(1) 如果主句是一般现在时，宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。例如：My teacher says he will be back in a week. （一般将来时）我的老师说他将在一个星期后回来。
My teacher says he is watching TV.
（现在进行时）我的老师说他正在看电视。
My teacher says he has seen the movie.
（现在完成时）我的老师说他已经看过这部电影了。
(2）如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句用相应的过去时态。
例如：My father said he was watching TV at that time.
（过去进行时）我爸爸说在那个时候他在看电视。
My father said the he had already seen the movie.
（过去完成时）我爸爸说他已经看过那部电影了。
注意：如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时，用一般现在时。
例如：Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger than the earth. （一般现在时）我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。
4. 宾语从句的否定转移
主句如果是I think/ believe/ imagine/ suppose/ guess/ expect等，从句的否定一般要转移到主句中，其反意疑问句与从句一致。
例如：I don’t think they’ll wait to the last minute，will they？
我认为他们不会等到最后一分钟，他们会吗？
I don’t believe he did this, did he
我相信他不会做这样的事，他会吗？
巩固练习
一、单选题
36．（2021·贵州黔西·中考真题）Excuse me, do you know ________ buy some medicine I’ve got a cold.
A．where can I B．where I can C．what can I D．what I can
37．（2021·西藏·中考真题）— I don’t know ________.
— At 3: 00 p.m. yesterday.
A．when the video meeting finished B．when did the video meeting finish
C．where the video meeting finished D．where did the video meeting finish
38．（2021·西藏·中考真题）I wonder if he ________ time tomorrow；if he ________ free, I’ll invite him to give a speech in our school.
A．will have; is B．has; will be C．will; have D．has; is
39．（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）—Do you know ________
—In the 1960s.
A．where Havoc in Heaven was created B．when Havoc in Heaven was created
C．where was Havoc in Heaven created D．when was Havoc in Heaven created
40．（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）There are many kinds of books in the library and you can choose________ you like.
A．however B．whenever C．whoever D．whatever
41．（2021·山东济南·中考真题）—Excuse me. Do you know ________
—Yes. You can go to Furong Street.
A．where I can get some local snacks B．where does the boy come from
C．when can we travel to Hong Kong D．when did Jimmy come to Jinan
42．（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）— I wonder ________.
— Why not
A．that you’d like to come with us B．whether you’d like to come with us
C．when would you like to come with us D．how would you like to come with us
43．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Can you imagine ________ in 2035
—I’m sure it will be better.
A．how our life was B．what will our life be like
C．how was our life D．what our life will be like
44．（2021·内蒙古兴安盟·中考真题）—Jerry, could you remember________
—Have you forgotten we agreed to go to the Summer Palace
A．where we are going to after the exam B．where are we going to after the exam
C．where are we going after the exam D．where we are going after the exam
45．（2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）—When will Mr Liu come back to Zhenjiang
—Sorry, I don’t know ________.
A．how long he will stay in Xinjiang B．how he went to Xinjiang
C．how soon will he be back from Xinjiang D．why he is going to Xinjiang
46．（2021·辽宁阜新·中考真题）—Excuse me, do you know ________
—Well, go along this street and turn right. It’s on the left.
A．how can I get to the bank B．where I can find a restaurant
C．when I can find a restaurant D．what can I do next
47．（2021·青海西宁·中考真题）—Hi, Mary! I want to go to Qinghai Museum, but I am not sure________ get there.
—Don’t worry. Let me tell you.
A．how could I B．how I can C．how can I D．how I did
48．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Any news about China’s space station Do you know ________
—At the end of 2022, I think.
A．when it will be in service B．where it will be sent up
C．when will it be in service D．where will it be sent up
49．（2021·山西·中考真题）— China’s women’s soccer team beat Team South Korea on April 13th. I wonder ________.
— They never gave up and fought to the last minute in the game.
A．how they won the game B．why they played the game C．where they played the game
50．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I wonder if you ________ us for the English party tomorrow.
—If I ________ free, I will go with you.
A．will join, am B．will join, will be C．join, am
51．（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Could you tell me
—You should be friendly, polite and helpful.
A．how can I become a popular student
B．why I could become a popular student
C．how I can become a popular student
52．（2021·江苏南通·中考真题）—A celebration for the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC(中国共产党) will beheld，and I’m wondering________.
—Let’s have a discussion about it this afternoon.
A．how will we get there B．which clubs will take part
C．what we could do for it D．whether can we do something for it
53．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）I plan to go to the Liaoning Museum, but I’m not sure ________.
A．how I can get there B．how can I get there C．how could I get there
54．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）—Dave, could you tell me ________
—Go straight and turn right at the first crossing.
A．how can I get to Renmin Square B．how I can get to Renmin Square
C．when can I get to Renmin Square D．when I can get to Renmin Square
55．（2021·湖南郴州·中考真题）—Could you please tell me ________ the library is from here
—It’s about fifteen minutes’ ride.
A．how soon B．how long C．how far
56．（2021·福建惠安·二模）—Can you tell me __________
—We can learn about news, culture, education and others by finishing tasks every day.
A．what we can use Xuexiqiangguo app to do
B．how we can download Xuexiqiangguo app
C．what can we learn from Xuexiqiangguo app
57．（2021·四川·石室中学二模）—Excuse me, would you please tell me ________
— Certainly. It’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A．where is the nearest shop
B．how I can get to the nearest shop
C．how far the nearest shop is
58．（2021·福建海沧·二模）—I wonder ________.
—Ding Zhen, a Tibetan boy.
A．if he is from Tibet B．where they would like to visit C．who they are talking about
59．（2021·四川五通桥·二模）—David, look at the man in black over there. Can you tell me_________
—He is an engineer.
A．who is he B．who he is C．what he does
60．（2021·河北路南·三模）—Dad, can you tell me ______ I miss her very much.
—Next week, dear.
A．when my mum will come back B．why my mum will come back
C．how my mum will come back D．where my mum will go
61．（2021·湖北硚口·模拟预测）—How did you produce the hit song SHE
—I just wrote down ________.
A．who pops into my head B．what did I feel about it
C．how I felt at that moment D．when the lyrics come into my ear
62．（2021·四川成都·二模）—Excuse me. Baidu Maps says there is a flower shop near here. Could you please tell me________
—Sure. It’s about ten minutes’ walk.
A．how I can get there B．how far it is from here C．how long it takes me to find it
63．（2021·安徽砀山·三模）—Do you know ________ I can get the information about the magazine I want to borrow
—Of course. You can check it on this computer.
A．where B．who C．when D．which
64．（2021·福建鼓楼·三模）— Do you know ________
— I don’t know. Maybe something about the ancient buildings in Song Dynasty.
A．what the speech topic is B．how I can get to the palace C．when did they finish the work
65．（2021·四川·成都市树德实验中学三模）What our society is like is decided by ________ everyone chooses to behave.
A．where B．when C．how
66．（2021·黑龙江大庆·二模）— Hi, Jim. I hear that you’ve just come back from Sanya. I’m calling to ask ________.
— Great.
A．how did you visit the city B．how many days you’ve spent there
C．which hotel you stayed in Sanya D．how you found the seafood there
67．（2021·黑龙江建华·二模）—Do you know in Shanghai
—Sure. In July in 2019.
A．how did waste sorting(分类)start B．when waste sorting started C．where waste sorting started
68．（2021·湖北洪山·一模）Could you tell me ________
A．where should I park my car B．how often you will visit your grandparents
C．that she will come to my party D．who has got blonde hair in your class
69．（2021·江苏淮安·二模）I doubt ________ high speed rail (高铁) between Huai’an and Nanjing will be in use in 2025.
A．whether B．that C．how D．why
70．（2021·河北滦南·二模）John received a party invitation. I wonder ________.
A．why was John invited B．who sent him the invitation
C．where is the party D．how did John receive the invitation
71．（2021·浙江温州·二模）一Could you tell me ________
一They can be recycled in this way, we can help make the world greener.
A．whether you walk to school or not
B．whether you use cloth bags when shopping
C．why you tum off the tap when you put shampoo on your hair
D．why you divide the waste into plastic, glass, paper and rubber
72．（2021·四川会东·二模）— Sir, I want to know ________.
— At 8: 00 p.m.
A．where will the train go B．where the train will go
C．when will the train leave D．when the train will leave
73．（2021·四川沙湾·二模）The man ________ is wearing sunglasses wants to know________ Miss has arrived.
A．who; whether B．that; that C．whom; how
74．（2021·安徽安庆·二模）—Can you tell me ________
—Yes. It makes me happy.
A．why do you like painting B．why did you like painting
C．why you like painting D．why do you liked painting
75．（2021·内蒙古莫力达瓦·一模）We didn’t know __________ to visit our school.
A．when did he come B．when he was coming
C．when would he come D．when he is coming
二、通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
One day, a teacher went into her classroom with a glass of water. She wanted to 11 stress management (管理) to her students. She started with “How 12 is this glass of water ”
Some students said it weighed 200 grams, others gave up guessing and 13 said they didn’t know.
She smiled and replied, “In fact, the weight of the glass doesn’t matter. It 14 how long I hold it. If I hold it for a 15 , it’s not a problem. If I hold it for an hour, I’ll have an ache in my arm. If I hold it for a day, I’ll have to call an ambulance (救护车). In each situation, it’s the same weight, but the 16 I hold it, the heavier it becomes.”
She 17 , “That’s the way it is with stress. If we carry our burdens (负担) all the time, sooner or later, as they become increasingly heavy, we won’t be able to carry on.”
“Just like 18 this glass of water, you have to put your stress down for a while and rest before holding it again. 19 we’re refreshed, we can carry on with our burdens – holding them more easily each time.”
As this teacher said, we shouldn’t carry our burdens around all the time. No matter what burdens you’re carrying now, put them down for a moment and have a 20 . Your mind will thank you for it.
( )11. A. complain B. explain C. give D. pass
( )12. A. light B. heavy C. clean D. dirty
( )13. A. angrily B. excitedly C. sadly D. happily
( )14. A. depends on B. holds on C. keeps on D. works on
( )15. A. minute B. week C. month D. year
( )16. A. shorter B. longer C. higher D. lower
( )17. A. asked B. considered C. continued D. told
( )18. A. putting out B. putting off C. putting up D. putting down
( )19. A. Before B. So C. But D. When
( )20. A. rest B. look C. test D. fight
三、阅读理解（每小题 2 分，共 30 分）
阅读A、B两篇短文、从每小题所给的四个选项中，选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
A
Here is a poster about the high-tech helpers in the fight of COVID-19.
Doctors diagnose (诊断) patients online. Robots help to send food to patients. Drones (无人机) monitor (监控) people in crowds. We are using new ways to fight COVID-19. They can help people avoid contacting with each other. Let’s meet these high-tech helpers！
Telemedicine system With remote video system (远程视频系统), doctors can diagnose patients without seeing them in person.
Drones warn people in groups In some countryside places, police use drones to monitor people in groups. When the drone finds big groups of people, police will warn them through the loudspeaker on the drone.
3D “hospital” A company in Shanghai printed 15 rooms by using 3D technology. They sent the rooms to Hubei for patients to live in. A 3D printer takes 24 hours to build the rooms.
AI system check for fever At the Mudanyuan subway station in Beijing, other people pass by, the system scans people’s faces to check if he or she has a fever. The system can check about 300 people in one minute.
Smart robots In some hospitals, smart robots help to serve food to patients.
Please check more information on www.high-.cn.
( )21. The high-tech helpers can help humans do many things EXCEPT _______.
A. sending food B. diagnosing patients
C. monitoring people D. checking identity
( )22. What can drones help police do
A. Monitor people in the country. B. Arrest people in groups.
C. Monitor people in groups. D. Warn people in the countryside.
( )23. They sent the rooms printed by using 3D technology to _______.
A. Hebei B. Hubei C. Hunan D. Shandong
( )24. The system can check about _______ people’s body temperature in one second.
A. 5 B. 50 C. 30 D. 300
( )25. The passage above might be from the________ column (专栏) in a magazine.
A. News Corner B. Story Garden C. Language World D. Technology Square
B
How do animals recognize (识别) human’s faces This question is at the heart of Chinese American scientist Doris Tsao’s research. Tsao was known as one of the winners of 2018 MacArthur Award (麦克阿瑟奖) —one of the highest academic (学术的) honors in the US. Each year, the MacArthur Foundation chooses twenty to thirty talented people and gives money for their work.
Tsao’s team does some experiments with monkeys. The scientists found out that there are about 200 nerve cells (神经细胞) in the monkeys’ brains. They can help the monkeys to recognize faces. Each cell can recognize a different facial characteristic, such as the shape of our face or the color of our skin. With all of the information, monkeys can build a picture of a person’s face in their minds.
Through their study, the scientist showed us how monkeys “see” human faces in their own minds. They showed the monkeys pictures of some different human faces. At the same time, they recorded the activity of every nerve cell in the monkeys’ brains. Then, they were able to use computer to study this brain activity and finally find out the faces that the monkeys “saw” in their minds.
Although the study was about monkeys, scientists believe that human beings might recognize faces in a similar way. Police could use this technology in the future. They could recreate the face of a bad guy by recording a witness’ (目击证人) brain activity, Tsao told the Daily Mail.
( )26. What can help the monkeys recognize a person’s face
A. Eyes B. Skin color C. Nerve cells D. Experiments
( )27. How did the scientists find out the faces in the monkeys’ minds
A. By putting microchips into the monkeys’ brains.
B. By asking an artist to draw pictures of the faces.
C. By recording the brain activity and studying it with computer.
D. By showing the pictures of human faces to the monkeys.
( )28. What does the underlined word “characteristic” mean in Chinese
A. 特征 B. 性格 C. 表情 D. 动作
( )29. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A. The MacArthur Foundation chooses hard-working people.
B. Tsao believes this technology could be used to find bad guys.
C. There are more than 200 cell nerves in a monkey’s brain.
D. Scientists think humans recognize faces in a different way.
( )30. What is the best title of the passage
A. Where We Can Find a Bad Guy
B. How Monkeys See Us
C. What Human Faces Are Like
D. Why the Experiments with Monkeys Are Successful
四、短文填空（每小题 1.5 分，共 15 分）
请用适当的词完成下面的短文，并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
Let’s clean up the ocean together! We know it’s important to have dreams. However, to make the dreams come true is not an easy thing. A young Dutch man 36 Bryan enjoys working hard to make his dreams come true.
37 Bryan was 16, he went diving (潜水) in Greece. He was shocked to see 38 plastic bags than fish in the sea. Bryan made up 39 mind to clean up the ocean. However, everyone told him that there was nothing he could do to 40 plastic bags from going into the ocean. But 41 young man didn’t give up. He spent several months studying plastic pollution. Finally, he came up with a science project using floating barriers (漂浮的栅栏) to 42 the waste. That is to say, instead of using nets and ships to collect the plastic bags, the barriers can make the plastic bags come together 43 the help of natural ocean currents (洋流) and wind. What’s more, the collected plastic 44 can be recycled and made into products or oil.
Bryan won prizes for the project, but that was not enough for him. He wanted to make it a reality. In 2013, he set up The Ocean Cleanup. Together with scientists, engineers and volunteers, the young man is working 45 to clean up the ocean. This will help make our world a better place.
36.___________37.___________38.___________39.___________40.___________
41.___________42.___________43.___________44.___________45.___________
22022中考专项复习专题：宾语从句参考答案
巩固练习
【冲刺满分】中考真题+各地模拟
36-40:BAABD 41-45：ABDDA 46-50:BBAAA
51-55:CCABC 56-60:ACCCA 61-65:CBAAC
66-70:DBDAB 71-75:DDACB
二、完形填空
11-20: BBCAA BCDDA
三、阅读理解
21-25: DCBAD 26-30: CCABB
四、短文填空
36. called/named
37. When
38. more
39. his
40. prevent/stop/keep
41. the
42. collect
43. with
44. bags
45. hard
2

展开更多......

收起↑